WO1990012683A1 - Transfer fixture and process for printed circuit boards - Google Patents
Transfer fixture and process for printed circuit boards Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1990012683A1 WO1990012683A1 PCT/US1990/002138 US9002138W WO9012683A1 WO 1990012683 A1 WO1990012683 A1 WO 1990012683A1 US 9002138 W US9002138 W US 9002138W WO 9012683 A1 WO9012683 A1 WO 9012683A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- substrate surface
- substrate
- cylinder
- printed circuit
- conductor
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
- B30B5/02—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/20—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern by affixing prefabricated conductor pattern
- H05K3/207—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern by affixing prefabricated conductor pattern using a prefabricated paste pattern, ink pattern or powder pattern
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/08—PCBs, i.e. printed circuit boards
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0284—Details of three-dimensional rigid printed circuit boards
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
- H05K1/092—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks
- H05K1/095—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks for polymer thick films, i.e. having a permanent organic polymeric binder
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/02—Fillers; Particles; Fibers; Reinforcement materials
- H05K2201/0275—Fibers and reinforcement materials
- H05K2201/0284—Paper, e.g. as reinforcement
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/09—Shape and layout
- H05K2201/09009—Substrate related
- H05K2201/09118—Moulded substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/06—Lamination
- H05K2203/068—Features of the lamination press or of the lamination process, e.g. using special separator sheets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/38—Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal
- H05K3/386—Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal by the use of an organic polymeric bonding layer, e.g. adhesive
Definitions
- This invention relates to pressure transmitting apparatus and processes to effect uniform transfer pressure of a conductor to a substrate to obtain uniform bonding of one to the other across two and three- dimensional surfaces of the substrate.
- the conductor is preferably a printed circuit located on a release medium.
- a lamination is formed as taught in the art.
- United States Patent Nos. 3,642,415; 3,669,806 and 4,243,368 teach diaphragms used to form plastic sheet material. Pressure is transmitted using a fluid.
- the reference does not teach bonding of an electrical conductor to a substrate. While teaching a controlled bonding force ensuring engagement of components in the '806 patent, it does not teach the present invention.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,148,597 teaches use of a fluid pressure force to form an irregular shape by applying that force to a silicone rubber mold.
- U.S. Patent 3,255,476 teaches a press for irregularly shaped articles.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,729,730 teaches a pressure transmitting apparatus using a superplastic alloy as the pressure transmitting medium. The apparatus is designed so that the alloy medium will not spread out in the event that the apparatus breaks.
- the preceding references are all incorporated by reference.
- This invention overcomes disadvantages found in the prior art which relates to laminating printed circuits to substrates, particularly those substrates which have complex shapes.
- This invention relates to a uniform pressure transmitting apparatus for uniformly lam nating a conductor to an at least two-dimensional substrate surface comprising, (a) a first platen means having a fluid filled bellows with a first cavity means substanti ⁇ ally confining a mold which is a mirror image of the at least two-dimensional substrate surface, (b) a second platen means containing a second cavity means dimensioned to protrude a portion of the thickness of the substrate,
- This invention also relates to a uniform pressure transmitting apparatus for uniformly laminating a printed circuit to an at least two-dimensional sub ⁇ strate surface comprising, (a) a first platen means having a fluid filled bellows with a first cavity means substantially confining a mold which is a mirror image of the at least two-dimensional substrate surface, (b) a second platen means containing a second cavity means dimensioned to protrude a portion of the thickness of the substrate, (c) pressurization means for compressing a printed circuit positioned on the substrate surface, and
- This invention further relates to a method for uniformly laminating a conductor to an at least two- dimensional substrate surface comprising, inserting a substantial portion of the thickness of the substrate in a cavity means of a platen means, positioning a conductor on the substrate surface, applying a uniform pressure to the conductor and substrate surface using another platen means having a fluid-filled bellows containing another cavity means which substantially confines a mold, which is a mirror image of the at least two-dimensional substrate surface, and laminating the conductor to the substrate surface.
- This invention also further relates to a method for uniformly laminating a printed circuit to an at least 5 two-dimensional substrate surface comprising, inserting a substantial portion of the thickness of the substrate in a cavity means of a platen means, positioning a printed circuit on the substrate surface, applying uniform pres ⁇ sure to the printed circuit and substrate surface using 0 another platen means having a fluid-filled bellows con ⁇ taining another cavity means which substantially confines a mold, which is a mirror image of the at least two- dimensional substrate surface, and laminating the printed circuit to the substrate surface.
- This inv-JSition further relates to a uniform pressure transmitting apparatus for uniformly laminating a conductor to an at least two-dimensional substrate surface, comprising, (a) a first platen means having a cylinder having a plurality of diaphragms, one diaphragm O separates the internal volume of the cylinder and another diaphragm, in the shape of a mold, is located at the distal end of the cylinder adjacent another platen means, the mold is the mirror image of the at least two- dimensional substrate surface and is substantially con- 5 fined in a cavity means at the distal end of the cylin ⁇ der, the cylinder volume located adjacent the one platen means is constructed and arranged to heat and pressurize a fluid medium occupying this volume and transfer the heat and pressure to the other volume adjacent the distal 0 end of the cylinder, the other platen means includes - another cavity means dimensioned to project a portion of the thickness of the substrate, and laminating means to bond the conductor to the substrate.
- This invention also relates to a uniform pressure transmitting apparatus for uniformly laminating a printed circuit to an at least two-dimensional sub ⁇ strate surface, comprising, a first platen means having a cylinder having a plurality of diaphragms, one diaphragm separates the internal volume of the cylinder and another diaphragm, in the shape of a mold, is located at the distal end of the cylinder adjacent another platen means, the mold is the mirror image of the at least two- dimensional substrate surface, and is substantially con ⁇ fined in a cavity means at the distal end of the cylin ⁇ der, the cylinder volume located adjacent the one platen means is constructed and arranged to heat and pressurize a fluid medium occupying this volume and transfer the heat and pressure to the other volume adjacent the distal end of the cylinder, the other platen means includes another cavity means dimensioned to project a portion of the thickness of the substrate, and laminating means to bond the printed circuit to the substrate.
- This invention also relates to a method for uniformly laminating a conductor to an at least two- dimensional substrate surface comprising, inserting a substantial portion of the thickness of an at least two- dimensional substrate in a cavity means of a platen means, positioning a conductor over the substrate surface, applying uniform pressure to the conductor and substrate surface using another platen means having a cylinder attached to it, which cylinder contains a plurality of diaphragms with one of the diaphragms being a mold, which is the mirror image of the substrate surface, heating and pressurizing a fluid in the cylinder volume bordered by it, the other platen means and the other diaphragm, transmitting the heat and pressure to _
- This invention also relates to a method for uniformly laminating a printed circuit to an at least two-dimensional substrate surface comprising, inserting a substantial portion of the thickness of an at least two- dimensional substrate in a cavity means of a platen means, positioning a printed circuit over the substrate surface, applying uniform pressure to the printed circuit and substrate surface using another platen means having a cylinder attached to it, which cylinder contains a plurality of diaphragms with one of the diaphragms being a mold, which is the mirror image of the substrate surface, heating and pressurizing a fluid in the cylinder volume bordered by it, the other platen and the other diaphragm, transmitting the heat and pressure to the cylinder volume bounded by it and the diaphragms and laminating the printed circuit to the substrate surface.
- FIG. 1 shows a bellows and diaphragm used to transmit pressure
- Fig. 2 shows a combination of a cylinder and diaphragms used to transmit pressure
- Fig. 3 shows a printed circuit on a substrate
- Fig. 4A and 4B show applicants' earlier press and transfer method with Fig. 4B further showing use of pins to obtain registration of conductor on the substrate
- Fig. 5 shows results of adhesion tests performed on a conductive surface adhered to a substrate prepared using the press and method in Fig. 4A and 4B
- Fig. 6 shows the press and transfer method of this invention
- Fig. 7 shows results of adhesion tests performed on a composite prepared according to the press and method of Fig. 6.
- the present invention relates to uniform pressure transfer apparatus and a process for transfer ⁇ ring a conductor or printed circuit carried by a release medium to a substrate to obtain uniform solder bond strength.
- the difficulty in obtaining uniform transfer pressure is compounded where the substrate is three- dimensional rather than two-dimensional.
- Applicants' invention is directed to a ⁇ ilicone or other elastomeric diaphragm which has the same contour as the two or three-dimensional substrate.
- This dia- phragm is placed at the bottom of a bellows, preferably a metallic bellows, which would contain a fluid, flowable powder, gel or deformable elastomeric powder.
- the contents of the bellows would be pressurized to force the diaphragm evenly against even vertical or close to vertical projections on the substrate.
- the pressure transfer medium can be heated with rod heaters or by heat transfer between platens. The technique eliminates the hazard of using a bladder with hot pressurized fluid which can burst or jet fluid at personnel.
- An alternative embodiment is directed to using a cylinder with the lower diaphragm.
- the lower part of the cylinder would contain the fluid mentioned above.
- the upper portion of the cylinder would contain pumped pressurized fluid and would be separated from the lower portion or section by means of a diaphragm or bellow-like diaphragm.
- the invention includes forming the silicone mold at the distal end of the cylinder.
- the invention also includes placing a substantial portion of the thickness of the substrate in a cavity of a platen.
- the conductor can include a circuit alone or combined with other components.
- adhesive solder mask, graphics and/or transfer media.
- Laminatin ⁇ Conductor To Substrate A release surface carrying at least a circuit covered by adhesive is contacted with a substrate such that the circuit is adjacent the substrate surface separated therefrom by adhesive. Sufficient heat and pressure are applied to form a composite structure, using the apparatus in Fig. 3 or Fig. 5, whereby the adhesive is reacted. Thus, the circuit is transferred from the release surface and bonded to the substrate surface. In some cases, only partial curing and/or reaction need be obtained. The release surface is then separated from the composite structure.
- the release surface and the substrate surface are contacted at a temperature of from about 100°C to about 230*0 and preferably 140°C to 190°C.
- _t are contacted at a pressure of from about 200 psi to about l,2 ⁇ 1 psi and preferably 500 psi to 700 psi but not r ' _- so great as to cause distortion of components.
- a pres ⁇ sure of 600 psi is preferred.
- the substrate may be preheated to avoid distortion.
- Pressure can be applied for about 0.25 to 5 minutes, preferably 3 minutes.
- the composite when the composite is formed, they are subjected to sufficient pressure during lamination to cause some compaction of the printed circuit. This causes further densification of the printed circuit, improving its conductive qualities. It has been noted that such compaction does not result in smearing of the electric circuit. Thus, the fine edges achieved in printing the electric circuit are maintained.
- compaction of 25 to 40% of original printed electric pathway thickness is obtained.
- the substrate may be any known dielectric, that is, insulating or non-conducting substrate.
- Suitable substrates include those fabricated from thermoset and thermoplastic materials and their mixtures. Preferred substrates will be taught below. They can have two or three dimensional surfaces.
- thermoset printed circuit board laminates exhibit a more complex range of chemical, thermal, and mechanical behavior than traditional thermoset printed circuit board laminates. This makes material selection for printed circuit uses even more critical.
- Current resin systems typically exhibit one or two desired characteristics but in general lack overall property balance to make them good printed circuit support candidates. Resin deficiencies become readily apparent during assembly operations where substrate warpage, bubbling, dimensional 10
- polyarylsulfone resins offer a highly desirable property balance for circuit board uses where excellent dimensional stability, warp resistance and bonding of circuit and substrate are requirements.
- Polyarylsulfone resins are characterized by inherently high heat distortion temperatures, excellent dimensional stability, creep resistance, low loss AC dielectric properties, and high mechanical strength. Typical Properties of Polyarylsulfone Resins
- polyarylsulfone resins provide excellent flow for filling thin and intricate wall sections typically encountered in printed wiring boards, chip carriers, and related devices.
- the resins process readily at stock temperatures in the 360-382°C ranges (wave soldering grade). Mold temperatures of 110-157°C are used typically with the resin for wave solderable moldings. Clean polyarylsulfone resin scrap may be reground and utilized in fabrication, provided it is properly dried and kept free of contamination.
- Polyarylsulfone produces warp-free moldings that are dimensionally stable both prior to and following the transfer process. Transferred circuitry exhibits tenacious adhesion to the resin as transferred, and maintains its adhesion following wave soldering.
- Additives which may be used with the thermoplastic and/or thermosetting resin for making the printed circuit board include reinforcing and/or non- reinforcing fillers such as wollastonite, asbestos, talc, alumina, clay, mica, glass beads, fumed silica, gypsum and the like; and reinforcement fibers such as ara id, boron, carbon, graphite, and glass.
- Glass fiber is the most widely used reinforcement in the form of chopped or milled strands, ribbon, yarn, filaments, or woven mats.
- Mixtures of reinforcing and non-reinforcing fillers may be used, such as a mixture of glass fibers and talc or wollaltonite. These reinforcing agents are used in amounts of from about 10 to about 80 weight percent, whereas the non-reinforcing fillers are used in amounts of up to 50 weight percent.
- Other additives include stabilizers, pigments, flame retardants, plasticizers, processing aids, coupling agents, lubricants, mold release agents, and the like. These additives are used in amounts which achieve the desired result.
- Polyarylsulfone is the preferred thermoplastic polymer substrate of the invention. It is an amorphous thermoplastic polymer containing units of the formula:
- R55 is independently hydrogen, C ⁇ to Cs alkyl to C4 to Cg cycloalkyl, X' is independently
- R59 wherein R58 and R59 are independently hydrogen or Cj to Cg alkyl, and ai is an integer of 3 to 8; -S-, -0-, or -W-, a is an integer of 0 to 4 and n is independently an integer of 1 to 3 and wherein the ratio of unit (I) to the sum of units (II) and/or (III) is greater than 1.
- the units are attached to each other by an -O- bond.
- a preferred polymer of this invention contains units of the formula:
- Another preferred polyarylsulfone of this invention contains units of the formula:
- the polyarylsulfone may be random or may have an ordered structure.
- the polyarylsulfones of this invention have a reduced viscosity of from about 0.4 to greater than 2.5, as measured in N-methylpyrolidone, or other suitable solvent, at 25°C.
- Laminating Apparatus is directed to the use o£ a bellows which assists in exerting a uniform pressure across " the surface of a substrate.
- the surface can be two-dimensional or three-dimensional.
- the bellows when arranged as shown in Figure 1, assists in obtaining a uniform transfer pressure of conductor or printed circuit on a release medium to a substrate. Obtaining such a uniform transfer pressure is particularly difficult where the substrate for the circuit is three-dimensional.
- heated platen 10 has a bellows 11 attached to it.
- the bellows can be made of metal filled with a conventional fluid. Of course, the bellows can contain the mentioned fluid but also may contain a flowable powder, gel or deformable elastomeric powder.
- a diaphragm 12 is attached to the bellows. The diaphragm is constrained in a cavity and is composed of a 15
- silicone elastomer mold which is the mirror image of the surface of the substrate to which the electric circuitry is to be bonded.
- the mold is silicone or can be another elastomeric diaphragm which has the same con- 5 tour as the two or three-dimensional substrate.
- the mold is located so that during compression movement lateral to the direction of compression is avoided to the extent that uniform pressure is applied across the surface of the substrate, that is, the mold is substantially confined.
- a heated platen 13 which has a cavity 14. The cavity permits insertion of a substantial portion of the substrate 15. Only as much of substrate as necessary need project so that the substrate cannot distort or move laterally during compression.
- Figure 1 also shows release medium 16 situated between diaphragm 12 and substrate 15.
- substrate 15 is inserted in cavity
- heated platen 10 functions so that bellows 20 11 closes toward heated platen 13 after the release medium
- the bellows exerts a uniform pressure on diaphragm or mold 12 which in turn exerts a uniform pressure on the surface of substrate 15.
- the heat which can be supplied
- the pressure transfer medium can be heated with rod heaters or by heat transfer between the platens, in particular about the periphery of the surface of the substrate.
- the basic components carried by the release or transfer mediums or paper are the conductor and adhesive. There are preferably more components. They include in 16
- the first-mentioned component is informational or educational legends to be applied to the substrate. This transfer medium facilitates manufacture of the circuit board in an expeditious manner. However, one or more components can be applied to the substrate separately * For example, the legends can be applied directly to the circuit board or multiple transfer of circuits can be done to the same substrate.
- a c ⁇ Bblnation of cylinder and diaphragms are used to provide a uniform pressure across the surface of the substrate:
- heated platen 17 has a cylinder 18 fixed to it.
- the cylinder contains two diaphragms.
- One diaphragm is an isolation diaphragm or bellows-like diaphragm 19 which separates a pressurized fluid contained in one part 20 of the cylinder 18.
- the pressurized fluid can be polyglycol.
- the fluid can enter at 21, exit at 22 and be recycled- Of course, this fluid can be heated using conventional means not shown.
- Diaphragm 23 is located at the distal end of the cylinder providing a second portion 24 of the cylinder 18.
- the second portion contains a flowable powder or gelled fluid or silica gel or deformable elastomeric powder.
- This latter medium transfers, pressure exerted from the upper part of the cyUnder-via diaphragm 19.
- Diaphragm 23 is positioned at the distal end of cylinder 18.
- the diaphragm is preferably composed of a silicone elastomer as in the previous embodiment and takes the same contour as the surface of the substrate 15.
- Release medium 16 overlays the substrate 15 prior to bonding.
- the releasable medium or paper is removed after laminating the printed circuit on the substrate.
- the substrate 15 is inserted into a cavity 25 located in heated platen 26.
- substrate 15 is inserted in heated platen 26.
- a release paper is placed in registration on the surface of the substrate 15.
- Cylinder 18 closes toward the substrate.
- pressure and heat are exerted by the pressurized fluid in portion 20 of the cylinder 18. That heat and pressure are transferred via isolation diaphragm 19 to the medium in portion 24 of cylinder 18. This in turn provides a uniform pressure over the surface of the substrate 15 and assists in laminating the printed circuit to the substrate uniformly across the surface of the substrate, in particular, about the perimeter of the substrate 15.
- the embodiments of this invention provide a technique which eliminates the hazard of using a bladder with hot pressurized fluid which can burst or jet fluid at personnel.
- circuitry can be made to take place over planar or a three-dimensional substrates to the extent the surface is "developable".
- a three-dimensional circuit can be transferred to an injection molded substrate.
- chip carriers are manufactured from the same.resin system that is used in the circuit boards; and when they are used together, there is no thermal mismatch between the chip carrier and the circuit board.
- An automotive use includes molding a circuitry to the inside roof portion of an automobile having dome light circuitry.
- Example 1 The invention will now be described with examples of the teachings set forth above. These examples are exemplary and not exclusive. They are not considered limiting. Concentrations are percent by weight unless otherwise indicated.
- Example 1 The following ingredients in percent by weight are blended together at room temperature: (I) 1.81 percent polyhydroxyether known as
- Phenoxy PKFE (II) 2.75 percent 3,4 epoxy cyclohexyl methyl 3,4 epoxy cyclohexyl carboxylate known as epoxy ERL-4221, and (HI) 8.47 percent diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate known as butyl Carbitol acetate. 19
- the phenoxy resin is dissolved in diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate with agitation.
- the epoxy resin is added to this mixture while agitation is continued.
- silver powder is added to the mixture under continued agitation until it is dispersed to a Hegman grind of six.
- the silver flake is added until it is also dispersed to a grind of six or better.
- the viscosity of the mixture is 35,000 cps as determined with a Brooksfield RVT Viscometer at 24°C using a number six spindle at 20 rpm.
- the 2.5/20 rpm viscosity ratio is 4.
- the conductive metal and binder are mixed together until completely homogenized to form an ink.
- This conductive ink is screen printed (U.S. Sieve size 230), using conventional techniques, onto VNS Supermat release paper (obtained from S.D. Warren Co., Westbrook, Maine) to a thickness of approximately 1 mil after drying.
- the printed paper is dried in a forced convection oven at 96°C for ten minutes.
- the polyhydroxyether or phenoxy resin is dissolved in the diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate using high speed mixing until all the resin particles are dissolved.
- the melamine formaldehyde resin is then added.
- the nigrosine black and benzoic acid are mixed together and then added with high shear agitation.
- the high surface area silica is then added with high shear mixing.
- the entrained air is removed with vacuum.
- the viscosity of the adhesive composition measured with an RVT Viscometer at 24°C using a number six spindle at 20 rpm is 35,000 cps with a 2.5/20rpm viscosity ratio of 4.
- the prepared adhesive is screen printed in registration on top of the conductor surface of the printed circuit which is already dried. Then, the adhesive coated circuit is placed in a forced convection oven at 96°C for 10 minutes until the adhesive coat is dry but not fully cured.
- a substrate is molded from a composition containing 78 weight percent of a polymer containing the following unit:
- composition having a reduced viscosity of 0.61 dl/g as measured in N- methyl-pyrrolidinone (0.2 g/100 ml) at 25°C.
- the composition also contains 10 weight percent mica and 10 weight percent of chopped glass fibers obtained from Owens Corning.
- the substrate composition is injection molded using conventional conditions.
- a 6x6 plaque which is 0.06" thick is molded.
- the melt temperature is 377 ⁇ C, and the mold temperature is 305°F.
- the injection speed is 35mm/sec, and the injection molding pressure is 100 bars for 7 sec.
- the substrate sheet is vapor polished with methylene chloride for about one second.
- the substrate is placed in a compression platen press as shown in Figures 4 and 6 with the release paper containing the conductor (1.0-1.2 mils dry film thickness) and the adhesive printed in the registration (0.6-0.8 mils dry film thickness).
- One of the platens is fitted with a diaphragm or bellows as shown in each of the Figures. Then it is molded at 600 psi for 3 minutes at 177°C after the release paper is stripped away.
- the circuit board is then cured in an oven at 150°C for 30 minutes. After cure, the board can be soldered with a hand soldering iron or in a wave solder machine set at 246°C with a carrier speed of 6 ft/min.
- the electrical resistance of a square serpentine pattern was measured with a milliohm meter. Consistent values in the range of 5-10 milliohms/1 mil square are obtained. Comparative tests are conducted using an earlier press shown in Figures 4A and 4B and a press according to the teachings of this invention shown in Figure 6. In each test, a substrate having a two- dimensional surface is placed on or in a platen. The thickness which protrudes is 20 mils.
- the release or transfer paper with printed circuit and adhesive components is placed on it.
- the board and transfer medium are compressed by closing the platens. Lamination is achieved using a pressure of 600 psi, a temperature of 177°C and a time of three minutes. Then the release paper is removed, and the circuitized substrate is cured at 150°C for thirty minutes. After cure, the board can be soldered with a hand soldering iron or in a wave solder machine set at 246°C with a carrier speed of 6 ft/mm.
- Figure 7 shows an average tensile strength 48.1 lbs or 980.6 psi with 91% of failures in the substrate.
- Example 2 Example 1 is repeated except that both sides of the circuit board are laminated with a printed circuit.
- Example 3 Example 3
- Example 1 is repeated except that the surface of the circuit board upon which circuitry is applied is three-dimensional.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US34374189A | 1989-04-27 | 1989-04-27 | |
US343,741 | 1989-04-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1990012683A1 true WO1990012683A1 (en) | 1990-11-01 |
Family
ID=23347443
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1990/002138 WO1990012683A1 (en) | 1989-04-27 | 1990-04-17 | Transfer fixture and process for printed circuit boards |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0422211A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH03505551A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2031519A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1990012683A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5967030A (en) * | 1995-11-17 | 1999-10-19 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Global planarization method and apparatus |
US6218316B1 (en) | 1998-10-22 | 2001-04-17 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Planarization of non-planar surfaces in device fabrication |
US6316363B1 (en) | 1999-09-02 | 2001-11-13 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Deadhesion method and mechanism for wafer processing |
US6331488B1 (en) | 1997-05-23 | 2001-12-18 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Planarization process for semiconductor substrates |
US6518172B1 (en) | 2000-08-29 | 2003-02-11 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method for applying uniform pressurized film across wafer |
WO2006000300A1 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2006-01-05 | Meier Vakuumtechnik Gmbh. | Laminator |
CN102806747A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-05 | 上海朗华科贸有限公司 | Air bag component in vacuum laminating machine for flexible printed circuit board |
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- 1990-04-17 EP EP19900907972 patent/EP0422211A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-04-17 CA CA 2031519 patent/CA2031519A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-04-17 WO PCT/US1990/002138 patent/WO1990012683A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-04-17 JP JP50683690A patent/JPH03505551A/en active Pending
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US2519661A (en) * | 1948-02-14 | 1950-08-22 | Onondaga Pottery Company | Apparatus for fixing transfers |
US3984273A (en) * | 1975-10-20 | 1976-10-05 | Corning Glass Works | Decal applying method |
US4148597A (en) * | 1977-09-01 | 1979-04-10 | Northrop Corporation | Apparatus and method for pressure molding composite structural parts |
US4636275A (en) * | 1986-01-21 | 1987-01-13 | Burroughs Corporation | Elastic bladder method of fabricating an integrated circuit package having bonding pads in a stepped cavity |
US4700474A (en) * | 1986-11-26 | 1987-10-20 | Multitek Corporation | Apparatus and method for temporarily sealing holes in printed circuit boards |
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Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6062133A (en) * | 1995-11-17 | 2000-05-16 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Global planarization method and apparatus |
US6237483B1 (en) | 1995-11-17 | 2001-05-29 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Global planarization method and apparatus |
US5967030A (en) * | 1995-11-17 | 1999-10-19 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Global planarization method and apparatus |
US6683003B2 (en) | 1995-11-17 | 2004-01-27 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Global planarization method and apparatus |
US6331488B1 (en) | 1997-05-23 | 2001-12-18 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Planarization process for semiconductor substrates |
US6743724B2 (en) | 1997-05-23 | 2004-06-01 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Planarization process for semiconductor substrates |
US6693034B2 (en) | 1997-05-23 | 2004-02-17 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Deadhesion method and mechanism for wafer processing |
US6677252B2 (en) | 1998-10-22 | 2004-01-13 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods for planarization of non-planar surfaces in device fabrication |
US6218316B1 (en) | 1998-10-22 | 2001-04-17 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Planarization of non-planar surfaces in device fabrication |
US6403499B2 (en) | 1998-10-22 | 2002-06-11 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Planarization of non-planar surfaces in device fabrication |
US6316363B1 (en) | 1999-09-02 | 2001-11-13 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Deadhesion method and mechanism for wafer processing |
US6506679B2 (en) | 1999-09-02 | 2003-01-14 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Deadhesion method and mechanism for wafer processing |
US6653722B2 (en) | 2000-08-29 | 2003-11-25 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method for applying uniform pressurized film across wafer |
US6518172B1 (en) | 2000-08-29 | 2003-02-11 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method for applying uniform pressurized film across wafer |
US6828227B2 (en) | 2000-08-29 | 2004-12-07 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method for applying uniform pressurized film across wafer |
WO2006000300A1 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2006-01-05 | Meier Vakuumtechnik Gmbh. | Laminator |
US7624780B2 (en) | 2004-06-24 | 2009-12-01 | Meier Solar Solutions Gmbh | Laminator |
CN102806747A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-05 | 上海朗华科贸有限公司 | Air bag component in vacuum laminating machine for flexible printed circuit board |
CN102806747B (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2015-04-29 | 上海朗华科贸有限公司 | Air bag component in vacuum laminating machine for flexible printed circuit board |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2031519A1 (en) | 1990-10-28 |
EP0422211A1 (en) | 1991-04-17 |
JPH03505551A (en) | 1991-12-05 |
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