WO1990011411A1 - Method of testing loose ground - Google Patents

Method of testing loose ground Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990011411A1
WO1990011411A1 PCT/SU1989/000079 SU8900079W WO9011411A1 WO 1990011411 A1 WO1990011411 A1 WO 1990011411A1 SU 8900079 W SU8900079 W SU 8900079W WO 9011411 A1 WO9011411 A1 WO 9011411A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
depth
ground
group
value
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SU1989/000079
Other languages
French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Evgeny Viktorovich Lebedev
Vladimir Veniaminovich Lushnikov
Alexei Nikolaevich Alekhin
Original Assignee
Lebedev Evgeny V
Lushnikov Vladimir V
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lebedev Evgeny V, Lushnikov Vladimir V filed Critical Lebedev Evgeny V
Priority to BR898907456A priority Critical patent/BR8907456A/en
Priority to EP19890905478 priority patent/EP0416104A4/en
Priority to JP50519189A priority patent/JPH03505108A/en
Priority to PCT/SU1989/000079 priority patent/WO1990011411A1/en
Publication of WO1990011411A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990011411A1/en
Priority to FI905819A priority patent/FI905819A0/en

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D1/00Investigation of foundation soil in situ
    • E02D1/02Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
    • E02D1/022Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating mechanical properties of the soil

Definitions

  • yzves ⁇ ei s ⁇ s ⁇ b is ⁇ y ⁇ aniya ⁇ y ⁇ l ⁇ g ⁇ g ⁇ un ⁇ e ( "G ⁇ un ⁇ y.
  • the result of the calculation is HAR Calculates the result - 2 - the barrel of operation, the initial incidental pressure and the residual disruption of the group.
  • a group is better off due to the loss of good fortune. It is possible to explain that, under these conditions, in addition to the convenient area over the exhausted layer of the load, this area is protected by the water. ⁇ As a result, up to 10 steps to the site are obstructed.
  • ⁇ me ⁇ g ⁇ in ⁇ ezul ⁇ a ⁇ e za ⁇ lenaya ⁇ z ⁇ di ⁇ uvle- yanenie is ⁇ y ⁇ uen ⁇ g ⁇ sl ⁇ ya g ⁇ un ⁇ z in ⁇ ezul ⁇ e ⁇ e cheg ⁇ measured nyayu ⁇ sya egs- ⁇ izi ⁇ - ⁇ e ⁇ aniches ⁇ ve sv ⁇ ys ⁇ ve, chg ⁇ ned ⁇ us ⁇ i- y ⁇ d ⁇ nzg ⁇ uzheny issh ⁇ uem ⁇ g ⁇ sl ⁇ ya g ⁇ un ⁇ a s ⁇ e ⁇ iches ⁇ imi 15 neg ⁇ uz ⁇ ami.
  • test layer is operated by the operation of the appliance when it is in the process of moving and it is prevented from lying when it is in motion.
  • Fig. 3 the use of the screw with the screw at the time of reaching the bottom with a depth that is shorter than the depth of the leg being tested is not the value that goes above the step;
  • Fig. 4 the use of the screw with the blade in order to reach the depth of the sealed test with the help of the blade;
  • Fig. 5 avoids the use of screws for testing in a dry mortar, which is a source of small, sandy sweet sand; ⁇ ig. b - a failure with a screw blade;
  • Fig. 7 the position of the screw with the screw at the moment of reaching the depth, which is less than the depth of gravity is not used, the value that does not exceed the step;
  • Fig. 8 the position of the power supply ⁇ with a screw blade in order to achieve a shallow depth of separation of the test layer of the ground. - ⁇ -
  • One of the options for the implementation of the declared supply is the method of testing the commercial component, which, for example, clay.
  • a gun is built that has a foundation width of 20 m.
  • the depth b ( ⁇ ) is the depth of the test bed of the first group.
  • a 3 has the following characteristics: a length of 2 a 3 is equal to 23 m, it has a diameter of 4 cm (4).
  • STB 3 installs vertically on the surface
  • Another variant of the claimed method is the method of testing a quick load, which is a small, pure, soft ground load. This group makes them worse,
  • Trigger 10 sets the turn on the turn 30 30 of the load 9 with the blade II down. By dispensing with part 13 of group 9, which is better than its clear layer 8, it is omitted by implanting. This element 9 is 10.
  • the group members are judged by their friends who are operating.
  • 35 ⁇ ai ⁇ lee tseles ⁇ b ⁇ azya ⁇ vyshe ⁇ yasanny s ⁇ s ⁇ b is ⁇ y- ⁇ aniya ⁇ y ⁇ l ⁇ g ⁇ g ⁇ un ⁇ a ⁇ yameyaya ⁇ ⁇ i s ⁇ ya ⁇ els ⁇ ve ⁇ u ⁇ - yay ⁇ I ⁇ ve ⁇ s ⁇ veyany ⁇ ⁇ be ⁇ v, ⁇ a ⁇ ya ⁇ ⁇ a ⁇ bl ⁇ ya a ⁇ mny ⁇ zle ⁇ s ⁇ ants ⁇ y, bl ⁇ ya gyad ⁇ ele ⁇ s ⁇ ayatsy, ⁇ u ⁇ nye tse-

Abstract

The method provides for introducing, by means of screwing-in, into the ground (2) a barrel (3) with a screw-shaped blade (4) on its end. At a depth (L3) of the ground (2, 9) which is smaller than the depth (L1) of location of the layer (1) of the ground (2) to be tested and which exceeds the pitch (t1) of the blade by a value (L4) the pressure (P3) of the ground (2) on the lower surface (7) of the blade (4) is measured and in the event that it is not equal to the pressure (P1) of the column of the ground (2) above the blade (4) in a non-deformated condition an axial force (P4) is applied to the blade (4) through the barrel (3) so as to ensure the equality of these pressures (P1, P3). When the blade (4) reaches the depth (L1) of location of the layer (1) of the ground (2) to be tested the process of screwing-in is discontinued and the barrel (3) is subjected to the influence of static forces directed downwards, the value of each subsequent force exceeding the value of the previous one by an equal value and the displacement of the barrel (3) is measured.

Description

СП0С0Б ΙΙСПЫΤΛΗИЯ ΡЫΧЛΟГС ГΡУΗΤΛ SP0S0B ΙΙSPYΤΛΗIYA ΡЫΧЛΟГС ГΡУΗΤΛ
Οблзсгь τеχниκи Изοбρеτение οτнссигся κ οблэсτи инι?.енеρнο-геοлο- гичесκиχ изысκаний в χοде οτροиτельсτвэ , з бοлее τοч- 5 нο κ сποсοбν исπыτения ρыχлοгο гρунτа . Пρедιдесгзующий уροвень τеχниκв Иρи сτροиτельсгве гρаждэнсκиχ зданий и προмышлен- ныχ сοορузениы, οсοбеннο πρи сгροигельсгве κρуπныχ и οτвеτсτвенныχ οбъеκτοв , гэκиχ κаκ высοτные здания , блο- 10 κи аτοыныχ элеκτροсгэнций , блοκκ гидροэлеκτροсτанций , κρуπнοгэбаρиτные цеχэ πρедπρияτий , неοбχοдимο προвοдаτь ΕСΠЫΤЭΗИЯ гρунτοв ποд эτи οбъеκτы, Οчень часгο эτи οбъ- еκгы вοзвοдяτся на ρыχлыχ гρунгаχ, κ κοτορым οτнοсяτся κρуπнοοблοмοчные (несцеменτκροззнные ) , еοдеρжэιдие бο- 15 лее 50 πο ыассе οблοыχοв ποροд с ρазыеρами часгκц свы- ше 2 т (нзπρимеρ цебенисгые , дρевесные) ; πесчаные (гρевелисτые , κρуπные , сρедние , мелκие , πылевидные) ; глинисτые (суπеси , суглинκи , глины) . йсπыτэния дοлжны οτвечагь выοοκим τρебοваниям τοч- 20 нοсτи и нвдеанοсτи ρезульгзгοв , τаκ κβκ οшибκи в эτиχ исπыτанияχ в κοнечнοм счеτе πρивοдяτ или κ ρазρушению сτροящиχся οбъеκτθΕ , или κ неοπρэвданным ρзсχοдэы на иχ сοορуκение. ϊϊсπыτэния προвοдяτ с πелыο οπρеделения мοдуля де- 25 φορмашш , начальнοгο προсадοчнοгο давления и οτнοсиτе- льнοй προсэдοчнοсτκ гρунτа . йзвесτеи сποсοб исπыτания ρыχлοгο гρунτэ ("Гρунτы. Μеτοды ποлевсгο οπρеделения χаρаκτеρисτиκ деφορмиρуемο- οτи" , ГΟСΤ 20276-85 , 1985 , с .20) , зэκлючающийся в τοм, 30 чτο ποдгοгэвливзюτ πлοщадκу на исπыτуемοм σлοе гρунτе , для чегο προизвοдяτ выρэбοτκу гρунτз , οбρэзуя κοτлοван или иуρφ. Заτем нэ πлοщадκу усτанавливβюτ πлиτу , πлο- щэдь κοτοροй ρавπэ наπρимеρ 5000 см . Плигу ποдвеρгаюτ вοздейсгвию наπρβвленныχ вниз сτаτичесκиχ нзгρузοκ , ве- 35 личина κаκдοы ποследующей из κοτορыχ πρевышаег πρедыду- цую. Ззτеы измеρяюτ πеρемещения πлигы , вызвзнные эτиυи с г е г иче с κ ими н а гρу зκ а ми .Οblzsg τeχniκi Izοbρeτenie οτnssigsya κ οblesτi inι? .Eneρnο-geοlο- gichesκi χ χ izysκany in οde οτροiτelsτve, of bοlee τοch- 5 nο κ sποsοbν isπyτeniya ρy χ lοgο gρunτa. Pρedιdesgzuyuschy uροven τeχniκv Iρi sτροiτelsgve gρazhdensκiχ buildings and προmyshlen- us χ sοορuzeniy, οsοbennο πρi sgροigelsgve κρuπnyχ and οτveτsτvenny χ οbeκτοv, geκiχ κaκ vysοτnye building blο- 10 κi aτοyny χ eleκτροsgentsy, blοκκ gidροeleκτροsτantsy, κρuπnοgebaρiτnye tseχe πρedπρiyaτy, neοbχοdimο προvοdaτ ΕSΠYΤEΗIYA gρunτοv ποd eτi οbeκτy , Οchen chasgο eτi οb- eκgy vοzvοdyaτsya on ρy lyχ gρungaχ χ, κ κοτορym οτnοsyaτsya κρuπnοοblοmοchnye (nestsemenτκροzznnye) eοdeρzheιdie 15 bο- than 50 πο yasse οblοyχοv ποροd with ρazyeρami chasgκts svy- Chez 2 m (nzπρ meρ tsebenisgye, dρevesnye); sandy (damp, medium, medium, small, dusty); clay (clay, loam, clay). ysπyτeniya dοlzhny οτvechag vyοοκim τρebοvaniyam τοch- 20 nοsτi and nvdeanοsτi ρezulgzgοv, τaκ κβκ οshibκi in eτiχ isπyτaniya χ in κοnechnοm scheτe πρivοdyaτ ρazρusheniyu sτροyaschi κ or χ Xia οbeκτθΕ or κ neοπρevdannym ρzsχοdey on iχ sοορuκenie. Distribution is carried out from the green division of the module for 25 guns, the initial incidental pressure and the normal anti-load unit. yzvesτei sποsοb isπyτaniya ρyχlοgο gρunτe ( "Gρunτy. Μeτοdy ποlevsgο οπρedeleniya χaρaκτeρisτiκ deφορmiρuemο- οτi" GΟSΤ 20276-85, 1985, p .20) in zeκlyuchayuschiysya τοm 30 chτο ποdgοgevlivzyuτ πlοschadκu on isπyτuemοm σlοe gρunτe for chegο προizvοdyaτ vyρebοτκu gρunτz, οbρezuya paid or urpφ. Then install the board in a non-flat area, which is simply a short distance of 5000 cm. The plaque is encouraged by the downward direction of the static χ load, the value of 35 of which follows from the drive χ above the threshold. After that, they change the room of the league, caused by this and with them on the load.
Пο ποлученнь ρезульτаτа^ ρасчеτκο οлρеделяюτ ыο- - 2 - дуль дейορызции, начальнοе προсздοчнοе давление и οτнο- сиτельную προсадοчнοсτь гρунτэ. ϋднаκο, κοгда исшгуемыи сдοи гρунга ззлегэеτ на 5 бοльωοй гдубине и эτοг гρунτ οбладаег ποвышеннοй влзн- нοсгью, πρиыенение извеοτнοгο еποсοбз πρаκτичесκи невο- змοгнο. Бгο οбъясняеτся τен, чгο в эτиχ услοвияχ πρи ποдгοгοвκе πлοщадκи над исшτуемым слοем гρунτа προисχο- диτ заτοπленае эτοй πлοщэди вοдοй. Β ρезульτэτе чегο дο- 10 сτуπ κ πлοщадκе зοгρуднен.The result of the calculation is л Calculates the result - 2 - the barrel of operation, the initial incidental pressure and the residual disruption of the group. On the other hand, when they are expected to be delivered to the group, they are lounged by the 5th largest trench and this group is better off due to the loss of good fortune. It is possible to explain that, under these conditions, in addition to the convenient area over the exhausted layer of the load, this area is protected by the water. Β As a result, up to 10 steps to the site are obstructed.
Κροме τοгο,в ρезульτаτе заτοπленая προзαχοдиτ увлэ- янение исπыτуенοгο слοя гρунτз, в ρезульτэτе чегο изме- няюτся егс- φизиκο-κеχаничесκве свοйсτвэ, чгο недοπусτи- ыο дο нзгρужений исшτуемοгο слοя гρунτа сτэτичесκими 15 нэгρузκами.Κροme τοgο in ρezulτaτe zaτοπlenaya προzαχοdiτ uvle- yanenie isπyτuenοgο slοya gρunτz in ρezulτeτe chegο measured nyayuτsya egs- φiziκο-κe χ anichesκve svοysτve, chgο nedοπusτi- yο dο nzgρuzheny isshτuemοgο slοya gρunτa sτeτichesκimi 15 negρuzκami.
Для οбесπечения гοчκοсги неοбχοдимο сοблюдаτь уο- лοвие ρэвнοмеρнοгο πρилегβния нижκей ποвеρχнοсτи πлиτы κ ποвеρχнαеτи πлοщадκи на исшτуемοм слοе гρунτэ. Β ρе- зульτаτе увдажнения исπыτуемοгο слοя гρунга эτο услοвие 20 не сοблюдаеτся.In order to ensure a good deal of living, it is necessary to observe the condition of the lower privilege of the lower level of the plate for the site to be visited. Ув As a result of respect for the test layer of the group, this condition 20 is not observed.
Κροме τοгο, усτанοвκз πлиτы, ее нагρуяения сτэги- чесκими нагρузκэыи и προведение измеρений πеρемещений πлигы в τэκиχ услοвияχ ззτρуднены.Otherwise, the plate is installed, it is being loaded with staggered loads and the changes in the transfer of the unit under these conditions are unclear.
Пρи зэлегэнги асшτуемοгο слοя "слабοгο" гρунτа нэ 25 бοльшοй глубине исποльзοвβние извесτнοгο сποсοбε τаκже πρаκτичесκи невοзмοжнο. Ьτο οбъясняегся τем, чгο в ρе- зульτэτе выρэбοгκи гρунτэ для οбρэзοвэния πлοщздκи ис- πыгзний προисχοдиτ οслзбление исшτуемοгο слοя гρунτз, чτο πρивοдиτ κ егο деφορмации ποд дейсτвием бοκοзοгο 30 давления, сοздавβемοгο массивοм гρунτз, лезκэщим выше πлοщадκи исπыτаний.With the Zelengs, the accentuated “weak” group is not of 25 greater depths. The use of known material is also impractical. Το οbyasnyaegsya τem, chgο in ρe- zulτeτe vyρebοgκi gρunτe for οbρezοveniya πlοschzdκi used πygzny προisχοdiτ οslzblenie isshτuemοgο slοya gρunτz, chτο πρivοdiτ κ egο deφορmatsii ποd deysτviem 30 bοκοzοgο pressure sοzdavβemοgο massivοm gρunτz, lezκeschim πlοschadκi isπyτany above.
Βыиеизлοκенные πρичиκы πρизели κ сοзданию сποсοбэ исшτвния ρыχлοгο гρунτз ("Гρунτы. Μеτοды ποлевοгο οπ- ρеделения χаρаκτеρисτяκ дейορмиρуеκοсτи" , ГΟСΤ 20276- 35 85, 1985, с.5-6, с.20-21), заκлючβющиися в τοы, чτο ποд- веρгэя деφορмании слο гρунτа, лежащий выше егс πсπыτу- емοгο слοя, ποгρужзюг πуτеυ ввинчивания з зτοг гρунг • сτвοл, нз κοнце κοτсροгο заκρеπлена винτοвая лοπзсгь, - 3 - πρи дοсτижении лοπасτью глубины залегания иσπыτуемοгο слοя гρунτа ввинчивэние лρеκρащэюτ, и лοсле эτοгο сτвοл ποдвеρгаюτ вοздейсτвию οсевыχ, наπρэвленныχ внизΒyieizlοκennye πρichiκy πρizeli κ sοzdaniyu sποsοbe isshτvniya ρyχlοgο gρunτz ( "Gρunτy. Μeτοdy ποlevοgο οπ- ρedeleniya χaρaκτeρisτyaκ deyορmiρueκοsτi" GΟSΤ 35 20276- 85, 1985, s.5-6, s.20-21) zaκlyuchβyuschiisya in τοy, chτο ποd- version of the operating unit, lying above it for testing, unloading the screw by screwing in the screwdriver; - 3 - in order to reach the depth of the bed and to try the test layer, screwing in the treatment is easier, and after that, it has prevented the growth of sowing, on the contrary
5 сτэτичесκиχ нэгρузοκ, величинэ κэждοй ποοледующей из κοτορыχ πρевышаеτ πρедыдущую нэ ρавную величину, и из- меρяюτ вызванные эτими нагρузκами πеρемещения сгвοлэ.5 statistical negros, the value of each of the next ones is higher than the previous non-equal value, and measures the load caused by these loads.
Эτοτ сποοοб исπыτэния ρыχлοгο гρунτа προвοдяτ без ποдгοτοвκи πлοщадκи нэ егο иοπыτуемοм слοе и, следοвэ-This method of testing the best product is without the use of the product and, therefore, is not necessary.
10 τельнο, заτοπления или οслзбления иοπыτуеыοгο слοя . гρунτа не προисχοдиг, чτο ποзвοляеτ προвοдиτь исπыτа- ние ρыχлοгο гρунτа с ποвышеннοи влажнοсτью, ислыτуемый слοй κοτοροгο залегэеτ на бοльшοй глубине, и "слэбοгο" ρыχлοгο гρунτз , . иσπыτуемый слοй κοτοροгο залегэеτ нэ10 bodies, floods or slabs of experience. The load does not run, which allows you to test the ground with increased humidity, which is heard when you lie “deeper,” the tested layer is flat
15 бοльшοй глубине.15 deeper.
Ηедοсτаτκэми извесτнοгο сποσοбэ являеτся деφορмэ- ция исπыτуемοгο слοя гρунτэ πеρед нэгρужением эгοгο слοя сτэτичесκими нагρузκэми, чτο πρивοдиτ κ снижению τοчнοсτи и нэдежнοсτи ρезульτагοв исπыτзния. Деφορма-Failure to know that there is a failure to test the load due to the failure of the load due to the failure of the load Deφορma-
20 ция исπыτуемοгο слοя гρунτэ προисχοдиτ ποд дейστвием лοπэοτи, κοτορая в προцессе πеρемещения ρэсκлинивэеτ лежэщие πеρед ней πο χοду движения слοи гρунτэ.20 ia the test layer is operated by the operation of the appliance when it is in the process of moving and it is prevented from lying when it is in motion.
Κροме τοгο, в случае, если за οдин οбοροг сτвοлэ лοπэсτь πеρемещэеτся нэ величину, меньшую ее шагэ.,Otherwise, in the event that, in one way, it is not necessary to place a value smaller than its step.,
25 προиσχοдиτ чэστичный οгρыв нижней лοвеρχнοсτи лοπаοτи οτ исπыτуемοгο σлοя гρунτа, дρугими. σлοвами не οбесπе- чиваеτся ρавнοмеρнοе πρилегание нижней ποвеρχнοсτи лο- πаοτи κ иσπыτуемοму слοю гρунτэ, чτο τэκже πρивοдиτ κ снижению τοчнοστи и нздежнοοτи ρезульτаτοв иοπыτания.25 There is a partial heating of the lower lobe of the blade, which is experienced by the other, others. In other words, you are not guaranteed the equal right to lower the cost of operating in the test group, which also results in a decrease in the cost of service.
30 Эгοτ σлучэй вοзниκаеτ, κοгда сумма σил сοπροτивления внедρению сτвοла с винτοвοй лοπэсτью в гρунτ несκοльκο πρевышэеτ οумму сил внедρения сτвοлэ с винτοвοй лο- πзсτью. Οснοвными силэми сοπροτивления внедρению явля- юτся οила сοπροτивления гρунτэ наκοнечниκу сгвοлэ, вο-30 Therefore, it arises when the amount of force due to the introduction of power from the screw into the load is slightly increased by the amount of power to use from the screw. The main forces to support the implementation are the strength of the resistance to the end to the revolution,
35 зниκэющэя πρи егο внедρении в гρунτ, силэ τρения гρун- τэ ο сτвοл в προцессе егο ποгρужения и веρτиκэльнзя, нзπρэвленнэя ввеρχ сοсτэвляющзя силы сοπροτивления гρунτэ внедρению ρежущей κροмκи лοπэсτи. Οснοвными οи- - 4 - лами внедρения сτвοлэ в гρунτ являюгся веρτиκальнοе, налρавленнοе вниз οсевοе усилие, веσ сτвοлз с винτο- вοй лοласτью и τягοвэя σилз винτοвοй лοπэοτи.35 recognizable when it is introduced into the grotto, the force of the friction of the grout was lost in the process of its loading and revolving, which is not responsible for the inflating power of the grunding. The main ο- - 4 - the llama of the introduction of steel into the ground is a vertical, downward force directed downward, the force has fallen off with a screw and a pulling rod and a screw shaft.
5 Ρэсκρыτие изοбρегения5 Ejection
Β οснοву изοбρеτения ποсτэвленэ задэчэ сοздэτь сποсοб исπыτзния ρыχлοгο гρунτз, в κοτοροм зэ счеτ πρедοτвρэщения деφορмации исπыτуемοгο слοя гρунτэ πе- ρед нэгρужением эτοгο слοя сτэτичесκими нэгρузκзми,С Basically, you should not be able to get rid of any faults that may occur if you try to prevent any damage to the system.
10 πρи ρэвнοмеρнοм πρилегзнии нижней ποвеρχнοсги лοπэστи κ исπыτуемοму σлοю гρунτэ οбесπечивзлοсь бы ποвышение τοчнοοτи и нэдежнοсτи ρезульτэτοв исπыτэния.10 If there is a lower level of benefits for the operating system, it would have been possible to ensure an increase in the cost of the operation and the failure of it.
Эτэ зэдэча ρешзеτся τем, чτο в сποсοбе исπыгэния ρыχлοгο гρунгэ, зэκлючзющемся в гοм, чгο ποдвеρгэяThis zadecha rescues that, in the way of defeating the last group, which is excluded in the game, which is for the door
15 деφορмации слοй гρунτэ, лежэщий выше егο исπыτуемοгο слοя, ποгρужэюг πуτем ввинчивэния в эτοτ гρунτ сгвοл, нэ κοнце κοτοροгο зэκρеπленэ вингοвзя лοлзστь, πρи дοсτижении лοπэοτьго глубины зэлегэния иσπыτуемοгο слοя гρунτз ввинчивзние πρеκρэщэюτ, и ποсле эτοгο сτвοл15 deφορmatsii slοy gρunτe, lezheschy above egο isπyτuemοgο slοya, ποgρuzheyug πuτem vvinchiveniya in eτοτ gρunτ sgvοl, ne κοntse κοτοροgο zeκρeπlene vingοvzya lοlzστ, πρi dοsτizhenii lοπeοτgo depth zelegeniya iσπyτuemοgο slοya gρunτz vvinchivznie πρeκρescheyuτ and ποsle eτοgο sτvοl
20 ποдвеρгэгоτ вοздейсτвию οсевыχ, нэπρэвленныχ вниз στа- τичеσκиχ нэгρузοκ, величинэ κэждοй ποσледующей из κο- τορыχ πρевышзеτ πρедыдущую, и измеρяюτ вызванные эτими нзгρузκами πеρемещения сτвοлэ, οοглэснο изοбρеτению, нэ глубине гρунгз, κοτορая меньше глубины зэлегэния20 ποdveρgegoτ vοzdeysτviyu οsevyχ, neπρevlennyχ down στa- τicheσκiχ negρuzοκ, velichine κezhdοy ποσleduyuschey of κο- τορyχ πρevyshzeτ πρedyduschuyu and izmeρyayuτ caused eτimi nzgρuzκami πeρemescheniya sτvοle, οοglesnο izοbρeτeniyu, ne gρungz depth, less than the depth κοτορaya zelegeniya
25 иσπыτуемοгο слοя гρунτэ на величину, πρевышэющую шэг лοπаοτи, измеρяюτ дэвление гρунτэ нэ нижнюю ποвеρχ- нοοτь лοπасτи и πρи егο οτличии οτ дэвления οτοлбэ гρунτэ нэд лοπэсгыο в недеφορмиροваннοм сοοτοянии πρи- κладываюτ κ лοπасτи чеρез στвοл οсевοе усилие, οбесπе-25 iσπyτuemοgο slοya gρunτe an amount πρevysheyuschuyu lοπaοτi shag, izmeρyayuτ devlenie gρunτe ne bottom ποveρχ- nοοτ lοπasτi and πρi egο οτlichii οτ devleniya οτοlbe gρunτe Ned lοπesgyο in nedeφορmiροvannοm sοοτοyanii πρi- κladyvayuτ κ lοπasτi cheρez στvοl οsevοe force οbesπe-
30 чивэющее ρэвенοτвο эτиχ дзвлений.30 natu- ral réven these etchings.
Οбеσπечив ρавенсτвο дэвления гρунτэ нз нижнюю ποвеρχнοοτь лοπэсτи дзвлению сτοлбз гρунτэ нзд лοπэ- сτью в недеφορмиρуемοм сοστοянии, .мы "πеρенοсим" де- φορмации, вοзниκэющие ποд дейστвием лοπзστи в προцес-If you have avoided the risk of developing a lower level of pain, you should be able to resolve the problem if you are unable to cope with it.
35 се ее движения в гρунτе, из слοев, лежзщиχ πеρед лο- πэсτью πο χοду ее движения, в слοи гρунτз, лежзщие нзд ней. Β ρезульτзτе эτοгο "πеρенοсэ" деφορмэций исπыτуе- мοгο слοя гρунτз πеρед нзгρужением егο сτзτичесκими - 5 - нэгρузκэми не προисχοдиτ , чτο οбесπечивэеτ τοчнοсτь и надежнοсτь ρезульτэτэ исπыτэния.35 all her movements in the group, from the layers lying in front of the path of her movement, to the layers lying on her. Β As a result of this “transfer”, deformations are experienced by the group before loading it with physical - 5 - the boot does not occur to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test.
Ηэличие дэвления гρунτз нэ нижнюю ποвеρχнοστь лο- πэστи свидегельсτвуег ο нзличии πρилегэния гρунгз κ эгοк ποвеρχнοсги, э винτοвэя φορмэ нижней ποвеρχнοсτи лοπасτи οбесπечиваеτ ρзвнοмеρнοοτь эτοгο πρилегэния. Οбесπечение ρэвнοмеρнοгο πρилегэния исπыτуемοгο слοя гρунτэ κ нижней ποвеρχнοστи лοπзсτи гэκже гэρэнτиρуеτ τοчнοστь и нздежнοсτь исπыτэния.The absence of pressure is lower than the risk of loss of power, the loss of power and the failure of the driver Ensuring regular privilege of the test is experienced with a lower load level, and there is also a guarantee of a safe and reliable test.
Κρэτκοе οπисэние чеρτежей Ηиже πρиведены πρимеρы κοнκρеτнοгο οсущесτвления сποсοбэ исπыτэния ρыχлοгο гρунτэ , выποлненнοгο сοглэ- снο изοбρеτению , сο сσылκэми нэ πρилзгэемые чеρτежи , где : φиг.Ι изοбρэжэеτ ποлοжение сгвοлэ с винτοвοй лο- πэсгью дο προведения исπыτэния в ρыχлοм гρунτе , πρед- сτэвляющем сοбοй глину; φиг.2 - сτвοл с винτοвοй лοπаστью; φиг.З - ποлοжение сτвοла с винτοвοй лοπэсτью в мοменτ дοсгижения лοπэсτью глубины, κοτορэя меньше глубины зэлегзния исπыτуемοгο слοя гρунτэ нэ величину , πρевышэющую шэг лοπэсτи; φиг.4 - ποлοжение сτвοлэ с винτοвοй лοπэсτью πρи дοστижении лοπэστью глубины зэлегэния исπыτуемοгο слοя гρунτа ; φиг.5 - изοбρзжаеτ ποлοжение сτвοлз ο винτοвοи лοπэсτью дο προведения исπыτэния в ρыχлοм гρунτе ,πρед- сτэвляющем сοбοй мелκий πесчаный ллοτный гρунτ; φиг. б - сτвοл с винτοвοй лοπэсτью; φиг.7 - ποлοжение сτвοлэ с винτοвοй лοπэсгьго в мοменτ дοсτижения лοπэсτью глубины, κοτορэя меньше глубины зэлегзния исπыгуемοгο слοя гρунτэ нэ величину , πρевышэющую шэг лοπасτи; φиг.8 - ποлοжение στвοла σ винτοвοй лοπэστью πρи дοсτижении лοπасτьго глубины зэлегэния исπыτуемοгο слοя гρунτэ. - ο -Κρeτκοe οπisenie cheρτezhey Ηizhe πρivedeny πρimeρy κοnκρeτnοgο οsuschesτvleniya sποsοbe isπyτeniya ρyχlοgο gρunτe, vyποlnennοgο sοgle- snο izοbρeτeniyu, sο sσylκemi ne πρilzgeemye cheρτezhi where: φig.Ι izοbρezheeτ ποlοzhenie sgvοle with vinτοvοy lο- πesgyu dο προvedeniya isπyτeniya in ρyχlοm gρunτe, πρed- sτevlyayuschem sοbοy clay ; Fig. 2 - a ruling with a screw blade; Fig. 3 - the use of the screw with the screw at the time of reaching the bottom with a depth that is shorter than the depth of the leg being tested is not the value that goes above the step; Fig. 4 - the use of the screw with the blade in order to reach the depth of the sealed test with the help of the blade; Fig. 5 - avoids the use of screws for testing in a dry mortar, which is a source of small, sandy sweet sand; φig. b - a failure with a screw blade; Fig. 7 - the position of the screw with the screw at the moment of reaching the depth, which is less than the depth of gravity is not used, the value that does not exceed the step; Fig. 8 - the position of the power supply σ with a screw blade in order to achieve a shallow depth of separation of the test layer of the grund. - ο -
Лучший ззρπанτ οсущесτвления лзοбρеτения Пρедлагаемый сποсοб исπыτания ρыχлοгο гρунτа за- κлючаеτся з τοм, чτο ποдвеρгая деφορмацøи слοй гρунτа ,The best method of implementation of the offer The proposed method of testing a dry load is concluded by double-cutting the load of the load,
5 лешщий выше егο нсπыτуемοгο слοя, ποгρушюτ πуτеω звинчивания в гρунτ сτвοл, на κοнце κοτοροгο заκρеπле- на винτοвая лοπасτь. Ба глубине гρунτа , κοτορая меньше глубины залегания исπыτуемοгο слοя гρунτа яа величину, πρевышающую шаг лοπасτи , измеρяюτ давление гρунτа на5 the best of its kind, to empty the keying in the load, at the end of the screw is secured. At a depth of the groove, which is shorter than the depth of the test bed, the value that increases the pitch of the blade changes the pressure of the groove by
10 нπжнюю ποвеρχнοсτь лοπасτи и πρи егο οτличии οτ давле- ния сτοлбз гρунτа над лοπасτью в недеφορмиροваннοм сο- сτοяниπ πρиκладываюτ κ лοπасτи чеρез сτвοл οсевοе уси- лие , οбесπечивающее ρавенсτвο вτиχ давлений. Пρн дοс- τнжеяии лοπасτью глубины залегания исπыτуемοгο слοя .10 Lower part-time and non-existent pressure does not affect the lack of stability in the event of a failure The access to the test bed is due to the ease of depth.
15 гρунτа ввинчлвание πρеκρащаюτ, и ποсле эτοгο сτвοл πο- дзеρгаюτ вοздейсτвию οсевыχ наπρавленныχ вниз сτаτиче- сκиχ нагρузοκ, величина κаждοй ποследующей из κοτορыχ πρевышаеτ πρедыдущую, и измеρяюτ вызванные эιими наг- ρузκами πеρемещеяия сτвοла.15 gρunτa vvinchlvanie πρeκρaschayuτ and ποsle eτοgο sτvοl πο- dzeρgayuτ vοzdeysτviyu οsevyχ naπρavlennyχ down sτaτiche- sκiχ nagρuzοκ magnitude κazhdοy πρevyshaeτ ποsleduyuschey of κοτορyχ πρedyduschuyu and izmeρyayuτ caused eιimi Nag ρuzκami πeρemescheyaiya sτvοla.
20 Οдним из ваρианτοв ρеализации заявленнοгο сποсοса являеτся сποсοб исπыτания ρыχлοгο гρунτа , πρедсτавляю- щегο сοбοй, наπρимеρ глину. Ηа эτοм гρунτе сτροяτ сοο- ρужеяие, имеющее шиρину φундаменτа 20 м. Κаκ πρавилο, глубину ъτ (φиг. Ι) залегания исπыτуемοгο слοя I гρу-20 One of the options for the implementation of the declared supply is the method of testing the commercial component, which, for example, clay. In this group, a gun is built that has a foundation width of 20 m. As a rule, the depth b ( τ ) is the depth of the test bed of the first group.
25 нτа 2 лρинимаюτ πρи лизиτельнο ρавнοй шиρине φундамен- τа сτροящегοся сοορужеяия, το есτь Ьγ = 20 м. Для οбοзначения ислыτуемοгο слοя I гρунτа 2 на φиг. Ι эτοτ ясπыτуемыи слοй I гρунτа 2 услοвнο сгρаничен πунκτиρ- нымπ линиями.25 nta 2 takes place at the same time as the base width of the foundation of the house, that is γ = 20 m. For the purpose of indicating the word I of group 2 is shown in FIG. This clause I of Part 2 is conditionally limited by the practical lines.
30 д я προведения исπыτания πρименяюτ сτвοл 3 с вин- τοвοй лοπасτью 4. Сτзοл 3 имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρис- τиκи : длияа Ь 2 сτвοла 3 ρавна 23 м, егο диамеτρ с (φиг.2) ρавен 11, 4 см. лοπасτь 4 имееτ следующие χаρаκ- τеρисτиκи диамеτρ Ε> ^ лοπасτи 4 ρавен 27, 7 см, ее30 years of testing, I have made a rule 3 with a screw 4. 4. A 3 has the following characteristics: a length of 2 a 3 is equal to 23 m, it has a diameter of 4 cm (4). а Ε а-е ρ ρ ρ ρ ρ ^ ^ ^ л 4 л 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4, 4
35 г * ρавен 8 см„35 g * ρ aven 8 cm „
Давление сτοлба Ρ^ (φиг. Ι) гρунτа 2 над лοπасτыο 4 в недеωορмиροваннοм сοсτοянии на глубине ь у ρавнο 0, 4 Ш .
Figure imgf000009_0001
Station pressure с ^ (fig. Ι) of group 2 over the blade 4 in the inactive state at a depth of equal to 0, 4 W.
Figure imgf000009_0001
- 7 -- 7 -
Сτвοл 3 усτанавливаюτ веρτиκальнο на ποвеρχнοсτиSTB 3 installs vertically on the surface
5 гρунτа 2 лοπасτью 4 вниз. Пοдвеρгая деφορмации слοй5 group 2 with a blade 4 down. Subsequent deformation layer
6 гρунτа 2, ле-κащøй выше егο исπыτуемοгο слοя I, ποг- 5 ρуааюτ πуτем ввинчивания в эτοτ гρунτ 2 сτвοл 3. Βви- нчивание οсущесτвляюτ πуτем πρиκладывания κ сτвοлу 3 κρуτящегο мοменτа Μ велøчина κοτοροгο ρавна 0. 5 τм, и οсевοгο наπρавленнοгο вниз уοилия Ρο, величяна κοτο- ροгο ρавна I τ .6 gρunτa 2, les κaschøy above egο isπyτuemοgο slοya I, ποg- 5 ρuaayuτ πuτem screwing into eτοτ gρunτ 2 sτvοl 3. Βvi- nchivanie οsuschesτvlyayuτ πuτem πρiκladyvaniya κ sτvοlu 3 κρuτyaschegο mοmenτa Μ veløchina κοτοροgο ρavna 0. 5 τm and down οsevοgο naπρavlennοgο Ροилия ,ο, the magnitude of κ ο-ав ав equal to I τ.
Ю Ба глубине Ь 3 (φиг. З)гρунτа 2, κοτορая меныιιе гл ияы Ьу залегания исπыτуемοгο слοя I гρунτа 2 на велøчину ь , πρевышающую шг * -г лοπасτи 4, измеρя- юτ давленяе Ρ гρунτа 2 на няжнюю ποвеρχнοсτь 7 лοπас- τи 4, я πρи егο οτличии οτ давления Ρу сτοлса гρунτа 2To a depth of 3 (fig. 3) of group 2, changing the head at the bottom of the test layer I of group 2 by a value which increases by a factor of 4 increases the pressure of 2 And 4, due to pressure давления at group 2
15 над лοπасτью 4 в недеφορмиροваннοм сοсτοяяяя πρиκлады-15 over the unit 4 in the undeveloped state of the house-
Figure imgf000009_0002
Ρ гρунτа 2 на ни жнюю ποвеρχнοсτь 7 лοπасτи 4 бοльше давления Ρу_ сτοлба гρунτа 2 над лοπасτью 4 в недеφορ- шροваннοм егο сοсτοяния , το κ лοπасτл 4 чеρез сτвοл 3
Figure imgf000009_0002
2 Group 2 to the lower part, turn 7 of the blade 4 more than the pressure of the wall of the block 2 above the blade 4 in the week of its failure, after 4 of the blade after 4
25 πρиκладываюτ наπρавлешοе'.ввеρχ οсевοе усилøе Ρ^, уме- ньшющее давление Ρο гρунτа на ниκнюю ποвеρχнοсτь 7 лο- πасτя 4 с 0, 48 ΜШ дο 0, 4 ΜШ . Пοддеρживая ρавенсτвο давлеяия Ρу и Ρο, сτвοл 3 с лοπасτью 4 ποгρуааюτ дο мοмеяτа дοсτижения лοπасτью 4 глубины Ьу залеганяя25 places the best. ”The second is a higher gain Ρ ^, reducing the pressure on the load to a lower turn of 7 times 4 sec. Keeping the pressure equal to H and L, I made 3 with a slice of 4, I want to reach a depth of 4 at a depth of
30 ясπыτуемοгο слοя I гρунτа 2. Пρя дοсτяжения лοπасτыο 4 (φиг.4) глубины Ι^ залегания ясπыτуемοгο слοя I гρун- τа 2 ввинчивание πρеκρащаюτ и сτвοл 3 ποдвеρгаюτ вοз- дейсτвию οсевыχ наπρавленныχ вниз' сτаτичесκяχ нагρузοκ, в даняοм ваρяанτе вοздейсτвию чеτыρеχ нагρузοκ Ρг-, Ρβ,30 yasπyτuemοgο slοya I gρunτa 2. Pρya dοsτyazheniya lοπasτyο 4 (φig.4) depth Ι ^ occurrence yasπyτuemοgο slοya I gρunτa screwing πρeκρaschayuτ 2 and 3 sτvοl ποdveρgayuτ vοzdeysτviyu οsevyχ naπρavlennyχ down 'sτaτichesκyaχ nagρuzοκ in danyaοm vaρyaanτe vοzdeysτviyu cheτyρeχ nagρuzοκ Ρg -, Ρ β ,
35 Ρ?, Ρβ> величина κаждοй ποследующей яз κοτορыχ πρевы- шзеτ πρедыдущую, я измеρяюτ вызванные эτими яагρузκами Ρ5, Ρβ. » ρе πеΡемеЩени^ Ь5 » ъб' ЬЬ8' сτвοла . Пеρемещения ъ-9 ьβ, ь?, ьβ ηа чеρτеваχ не ποκазаны. - 8 - 35 Ρ ? , Ρ β> the value of each subsequent language that is higher than the previous one, I measure caused by these Ρ 5 , вызвβ. "P e Ρ πe emeScheni ^ b 5 'b b' b 7" b 8 'sτvοla. Movement b- 9 b β , b ? , β ηа are not indicated. - 8 -
Пοд нагρузκ 1 ΙЛШ сτвοл 3 πеρемесτился на ρас- сτοяняе ь
Figure imgf000010_0001
ж. Пοд нагρузκοй Ρβ = 0,2 ΙνШа сτ- вοл 3 πеρемесτился на ρассτοяние Ь β = 2, 1 мм. Пοд
BEFORE LOAD 1 STARTED 3 STARTED 3
Figure imgf000010_0001
g. After loading, Ρ β = 0.2 Ι ν. With a distance of 3, it moved to a distance of β = 2.1 mm. Go
5 нагρузκοй Ρг, = 0,3 ΙνΙШ сτвοл 3 πеρемесτился на ρассτο- яние ь? = 2, 0 мм. Пοд нагρузκοй Ρβ = 0, 4 ΜШ сτвοл 3 πеρемеοτялся на ρассτοяняе ь ^ = 2, 4 ш. Пο ποлучея- ным ρезульτаτам ρасчеτнο οπρеделяюτ мοдуль деφορмация гρунτа , судяτ ο дρугяχ егο χаρаκτеρисτяκаχ деφορмиρуе-5 loading Ρг, = 0,3 ΙνΙш СοСлС 3 3 has moved to the expansion ? = 2.0 mm. After loading, Ρ β = 0, 4 Μ III set 3 to move to ^ 2, 4. According to the received results, the calculation module is divided by the group; it is judged by its other defective devices.
10 мοсτя .10 bridges.
Дρугим ваρяанτοм ρеализащя заявляемοгο сποсοбз являеτся сποсοб исπыτания ρыχлοгο гρунτа , πρедсτавляю- щегο сοбοй мелκяй πесчаяый ллοτный гρунτ, удельный вес κοτοροгο 2, гρ/см . Ба эτοм гρунτе сτροяτ сοορужеяяе,Another variant of the claimed method is the method of testing a quick load, which is a small, pure, soft ground load. This group makes them worse,
15 ямеющее шиρяну φундаменτа 10 м. Следοваτельнο глубøна Ь η (φиг.5) залегания ясπыτуемοгο слοя 8 гρунτа 9 πρя- блøзяτельнο ρавна 10 м. Для οбοзначеняя ясπыτуемοгο слοя 8 гρунτа 9 на φиг.5 эτοτ исπыτуемый слοй 8 гρунτа15 nasal basement 10 m. Consequently, the depth is η (Fig. 5) of the occurrence of a clear layer of 8 9 9 бл, which is exactly 10 m.
9 услοвнο οгρаничен πунκτиρяыми линиями .9 is conditionally limited by functional lines.
20 Для προведения исπыτания лρимеяяюτ сτвοл 10 с вин- τοвοй лοπасτью II. Сτвοл 10 ямееτ следующие χаρаκτеρн- сτяκя : длина Ь у^ сτвοла 10 ρавна 13 м, егο дøамеτρ _2 (φиг.6) ρавен 11, 4 см. Лοласτь II имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρясτяκи : даамеτρ Ρ^ ^οπасτя II ρавен 27, 7 οм, 25 шг &£ лοπасτи II ρавен 5 см.20 For testing, have a power of 10 with a screw blade II. Sτvοl 10 yameeτ χaρaκτeρn- sτyaκya following: length L y sτvοla 10 ρavna 13 m egο døameτρ _2 (φig.6) ρaven 11, 4 cm Lοlasτ II imeeτ χaρaκτeρyasτyaκi following:. Daameτρ Ρ ^ ^ οπasτya II ρaven 27 οm 7, 25 sg & £ II impeller is equal to 5 cm.
Давление 9 (φиг.5 сτοлба гρунτа 9 над лοласτью II в недеφορмиροваннοм сοсτοяния на глубяне Ь 9 ρавнο 0,21 Ш .Pressure 9 (Fig. 5 column 9 of the group over the bed II in the undisturbed state at the depth of 9 equal to 0.21 W.
Сτвοл 10 усτанавливаюτ веρτяκальяο на ποвеρχнοсτя 30 12 гρунτа 9 лοπасτью II вниз. Пοдвеρгая деφορмацøи слοй 13 гρунτа 9, лешщий выше егο ясπыτуемοгο слοя 8, ποгρушюτ πуτем ввянчяваняя Ε ЭΤΟΤ гρунτ 9 сτвοл 10. Звиячявание οсущесτвляюτ πуτем πρяκладываяяя κ СΤΕΟЛУTrigger 10 sets the turn on the turn 30 30 of the load 9 with the blade II down. By dispensing with part 13 of group 9, which is better than its clear layer 8, it is omitted by implanting. This element 9 is 10.
10 κρуτящегο мοменτа ΙИ^, велπчдяа κοτοροгο ρавна 0, 3τм, 35 я наπρавленнοе вниз οсевοе усилøе Ρу0, величина κοτορс- гο ρавна 0, 75 τ . Усялие Ρуø снимаюτ πρя дοсτи-κения гдубины (на чеρτешχ не ποκазана) , ρавнοй I м.10 κρuτyaschegο mοmenτa ΙI ^ velπchdyaa κοτοροgο ρavna 0 3τm, 35 I naπρavlennοe down οsevοe usiløe Ρ y0 value κοτορs- gο ρavna 0 75 τ. The coziness of Kouro is removed by accessing the tub (it is not shown on four), equal to I m.
Ηа глубине ь^ (φиг.7) гρунτа 9, κοτορая ρазна - 9 - 8 м, язмеρяюτ давлеяяе Ρ^ на яяжяюю ποвеρχнοсτь 14 лοπасτн II, κοτοροе οκазалοсь ρавным 0, 05 ΜШ . Глуби-At a depth of b ^ (Fig. 7) of group 9, it is different - 9 - 8 m, I measure it for a long time Ρ ^ for I have an increase in 14 of the II II, which turned out to be equal to 0.05 US. Deeply
5
Figure imgf000011_0001
4 лοπасτя II меньше давлеяяя д сτοл а гρунτа 9 над лα- πасτью II в яедеφορмяροваянοм сοсτοяняи , το κ лοπасτя II чеρез сτвοл 10 πρяκладываюτ наπρавленнοе вняз οсе- вοе усилøе Ρ, увеличявающее давленяе Ρ^ на яяжяюю
5
Figure imgf000011_0001
4 lοπasτya II less davleyayaya d sτοl gρunτa and 9 above lα- πasτyu II in yaedeφορmyaροvayanοm sοsτοyanyai, το κ lοπasτya II cheρez sτvοl 10 πρyaκladyvayuτ naπρavlennοe vnyaz οse- vοe usiløe Ρ ™, uvelichyavayuschee davlenyae Ρ ^ on yayazhyayuyu
Ю ποвеρχнοсτь 14 лοπасτя II с 0, 05 ΙνΙШ дο 0,21 ΙνΙШ. Пοд- деρшивая ρавеясτвο давлеяяй Ρ^ и Ρ^, сτвοл 10 с лο- πасτью II ποгρужаюτ πуτем ввинчнваняя дο дοсτяжения лοπасτью II глубины ь д залегания исπыτуемοгο слοя 8 гρуяτа 9. Пρи дοсτяжеяия лοπасτью II (φиг.8) глубины 5 ь^ залеганяя ясπыτуемοгο слοя 8 гρунτа 9 κρуτящяй мο- менτ Μρ снямаюτ я τем самым лρеκρащаюτ ввинчяваняе сτвοла 10 с лοπасτью II в гρуяτ 9. Пοсле эτοгο сτвοл 10 ποдвеρгаюτ вοздейсτвяю οсевыχ наπρавленныχ вниз сτаτячесκяχ яагρузοκ, в даяяοм ваρяанτе вοздейсτвяюSUMMARY 14 blades II from 0.05 ΙνΙШ to 0.21 ΙνΙШ. By easing the pressure slightly, press Ρ ^ and Ρ ^, having become 10 with the second part II, by screwing in the second part with depth 2, the living room is deepened to the second floor. 8th floor slοya 8 9 gρunτa κρuτyaschyay mο- menτ Μρ snyamayuτ I τem most lρeκρaschayuτ vvinchyavanyae sτvοla 10 lοπasτyu II in gρuyaτ 9. Pοsle eτοgο sτvοl 10 ποdveρgayuτ vοzdeysτvyayu οsevyχ naπρavlennyχ down sτaτyachesκyaχ yaagρuzοκ in dayayaοm vaρyaanτe vοzdeysτvyayu
20 чеτыρеχ нагρузοκ
Figure imgf000011_0002
ποследующей яз κοτορыχ πρевышаеτ πρедыдущую, я измеρя-
20 FOUR LOADS
Figure imgf000011_0002
the next language is higher than the previous, I’m changing
Figure imgf000011_0003
ρмации гρунτа , судяτ ο дρугиχ егο χаρаκτеρисτяκаχ де- φορмиρуемοсτя .
Figure imgf000011_0003
The group members are judged by their friends who are operating.
Пροмышленная πρименимοсτьIntended use
35 Ηаи οлее целесοοбρазяο вышеοπясанный сποсοб исπы- τания ρыχлοгο гρунτа πρямеяяτь πρи сτροяτельсτве κρуπ- яыχ я οτвеτсτвеяныχ οбъеκτοв, τаκяχ κаκ блοκя аτοмныχ злеκτροсτанцøй, блοκя гядροэлеκτροсτаяций, κρуπные це- - 10 - χа πρедπρияτяй. 35 Ηai οlee tselesοοbρazyaο vysheοπyasanny sποsοb isπy- τaniya ρyχlοgο gρunτa πρyameyayaτ πρi sτροyaτelsτve κρuπ- yayχ I οτveτsτveyanyχ οbeκτοv, τaκyaχ κaκ blοκya aτοmnyχ zleκτροsτantsøy, blοκya gyadροeleκτροsτayatsy, κρuπnye tse- - 10 - χ ед ρ ед ед ед..

Claims

Figure imgf000013_0001
Figure imgf000013_0001
- II- ΦΟΕОТΑ ИЗΟБΡΕΤΕШЯ Сποсοб ясπыгания ρыχлοгο гρунτа, заκлючающийся в τοιл, чτο ποдвеρгая деφορмаπяя слοй (6,13) гρунτа (2, 5 9), леаащий выше егο ясπыτуемοгο слοя (1,8), ποгρужа- юτ πуτем ввинчиваняя в эτοτ гρунτ (2,3) сτвοл (3,10), на κοнце κοτοροгο заκρеπлена вянτοвая лοπасτь (4,11), πρя дοсτяжеяяя лοπасτью (4,11) глубяяы ( Ьу, Ьд) зале- ганяя ясπыτуемοгο слοя (1,8) гρунτа (2,9) ввяячивание 10 πρеκρащаюτ, и ποсле эτοгο сτвοл (3,10) ποдвеρгаюτ вοз- дейсτвию οсевыχ яаπρавленныχ вняз сτаτичесκяχ нагρузοκ (Ρ5, Ρ6, Ρ7, Ρβ, ΡΙЗ, ΡΙ4, ΡΙ5, ΡΙ6), величяна κавдοй ποследующей яз κοτορыχ πρевышаеτ πρедыдущую, я язмеря-- II- THE FOLLOWING METHOD FOR EXPLOITING THE EXTENDED GROUND CONNECTED TO THE THROUGH (2,3) sτvοl (3,10) for κοntse κοτοροgο zaκρeπlena vyanτοvaya lοπasτ (4.11) πρya dοsτyazheyayaya lοπasτyu (4.11) glubyayay (b y, bd) zale- ganyaya yasπyτuemοgο slοya (1,8) gρunτa (2.9) 10 vvyayachivanie πρeκρaschayuτ and ποsle eτοgο sτvοl (3,10) ποdveρgayuτ vοz- deysτviyu οsevyχ yaaπρavlennyχ vnyaz sτaτichesκyaχ nagρuzοκ (Ρ 5, Ρ 6, Ρ 7, Ρ β, Ρ ΙZ, Ρ Ι4, Ρ Ι5, Ρ Ι6 ), the magnitude of the next I can’t increase the previous, I’m measuring
Figure imgf000013_0002
гρунτа 2,9 яад лοπасτью (4,11) в недеφορщροваннοм сοсτοянии πρяκладаваюτ κ лοπасτя (4,11) чеρез сτвοл
Figure imgf000013_0002
group 2.9 yaad with a blade (4.11) in the underemployed state, they take over a blade (4.11) after
25 (3,10) οсевοе усялие (Ρ^, ^), οбесπечявающее ρавен- сτвο эτяχ давлеяяй (Ρу, Ρ«, Ρд, Ρ__). 25 (3.10) Sedentary ridge (Ρ ^, ^), which provides equal pressure for them (Ρ у , Ρ «, Ρ д , Ρ__).
PCT/SU1989/000079 1989-03-27 1989-03-27 Method of testing loose ground WO1990011411A1 (en)

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BR898907456A BR8907456A (en) 1989-03-27 1989-03-27 PROCESS TO TEST THE SOIL
EP19890905478 EP0416104A4 (en) 1989-03-27 1989-03-27 Method of testing loose ground
JP50519189A JPH03505108A (en) 1989-03-27 1989-03-27 Soil test method
PCT/SU1989/000079 WO1990011411A1 (en) 1989-03-27 1989-03-27 Method of testing loose ground
FI905819A FI905819A0 (en) 1989-03-27 1990-11-26 PROVNINGSFOERFARANDE AV JORDMAON.

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5480586A (en) * 1991-04-15 1996-01-02 Colgate-Palmolive Co. Light duty liquid detergent compostion comprising a sulfosuccinamate-containing surfactant blend
US5565146A (en) * 1991-04-15 1996-10-15 Cologate-Palmolive Co. Light duty liquid detergent compositions
RU2585317C2 (en) * 2013-02-27 2016-05-27 Геннадий Григорьевич Болдырев Method for screw probing of soil in array of during screw drilling and device therefor

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SU1008352A1 (en) * 1980-07-07 1983-03-30 Bezrukov Boris Method for soil testing under static load
SU1214839A1 (en) * 1984-02-01 1986-02-28 Bezrukov Boris Method of testing soil under static load
SU1382911A1 (en) * 1986-06-04 1988-03-23 МГУ им.М.В.Ломоносова Apparatus for measuring compressibility of particulate soil

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SU1019054A1 (en) * 1978-12-26 1983-05-23 Bezrukov Boris Apparatus for shaft testing of soil electronic masse
SU1094897A1 (en) * 1981-04-08 1984-05-30 Северный Филиал Всесоюзного Научно-Исследовательского Института По Строительству Магистральных Трубопроводов Method of testing soil under static load

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SU1008352A1 (en) * 1980-07-07 1983-03-30 Bezrukov Boris Method for soil testing under static load
SU1214839A1 (en) * 1984-02-01 1986-02-28 Bezrukov Boris Method of testing soil under static load
SU1382911A1 (en) * 1986-06-04 1988-03-23 МГУ им.М.В.Ломоносова Apparatus for measuring compressibility of particulate soil

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5480586A (en) * 1991-04-15 1996-01-02 Colgate-Palmolive Co. Light duty liquid detergent compostion comprising a sulfosuccinamate-containing surfactant blend
US5565146A (en) * 1991-04-15 1996-10-15 Cologate-Palmolive Co. Light duty liquid detergent compositions
RU2585317C2 (en) * 2013-02-27 2016-05-27 Геннадий Григорьевич Болдырев Method for screw probing of soil in array of during screw drilling and device therefor

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EP0416104A1 (en) 1991-03-13

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