WO1988007103A1 - Arrangement for drying a running web - Google Patents

Arrangement for drying a running web Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988007103A1
WO1988007103A1 PCT/FI1987/000031 FI8700031W WO8807103A1 WO 1988007103 A1 WO1988007103 A1 WO 1988007103A1 FI 8700031 W FI8700031 W FI 8700031W WO 8807103 A1 WO8807103 A1 WO 8807103A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
web
air
heat
arrangement according
unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1987/000031
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Yngve Fundell
Original Assignee
Valmet Paper Machinery Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valmet Paper Machinery Inc. filed Critical Valmet Paper Machinery Inc.
Priority to EP19870902088 priority Critical patent/EP0305366A1/en
Priority to PCT/FI1987/000031 priority patent/WO1988007103A1/en
Publication of WO1988007103A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988007103A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/283—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun in combination with convection
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F5/001—Drying webs by radiant heating
    • D21F5/002—Drying webs by radiant heating from infrared-emitting elements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/04—Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating
    • D21H25/06—Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating of impregnated or coated paper
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
    • F26B13/101—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts
    • F26B13/104—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts supported by fluid jets only; Fluid blowing arrangements for flotation dryers, e.g. coanda nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for drying a running web or the like by heat treatment, which is carried out by means of heat emitting sources, preferably by electrical heat means comprising at least one separate heat unit for the emittance of wavelengths in infrared light spectra.
  • the heat unit is provided by light reflecting elements.
  • the drying of the running web is rather important if the web is coated with a coating substance, which includes water as the fluency element.
  • a coating substance which includes water as the fluency element.
  • water maintains the fluency property of the substance and, hence, faciliates an incomplicated and easy working phase.
  • a commonly used substance concentration includes about 40% of water, which must be removed from the levelled coating layer and the running web, in which a portion of the water amount has penetrated.
  • a typical method to dry the web is to blow air streams either against or parallel to the web so, that the web is maintained contactless from air stream supply boxes, and preferably at a predetermined fixed distance from them.
  • This method is based on the application of unsaturated gas substance, which carriers away the vaporized water from the web and the coating layer. And as widely known, the vaporization is speeded up if the temperature of the wet coating or of the air stream is increased, the contact area between liquid and gas phases is enlarged, the saturation degree of the gas phase is decreased, the flow rate in the gas phase is increased or the penetration of the water vapour phase from the web/coating layer is speeded up.
  • a typical drying process is based on heated air which raises the temperature of the web and the wet coating substance.
  • the heated air has an increased ability to receive watervapour, that is, the relative saturation of the air stream is initially lowered by heating. It is important to realize an economical system and at the same time an effective vapour carrier media.
  • a portion of the heated air stream is guided out of the heating process and replaced by an amount of insaturated and heated air. Hereby the total humidity amount carried by the air stream will not result in to a value too near the saturation point.
  • the indirect heating of the wet web by means of the heated air is slow and rather ineffective, since the major part of the heated air hardly comes into contact with the web.
  • Another method is based on a direct heating of the wet web by means of infrared heating. If a suitable light spectra range is used, a quick and an even vapourization is possible. The direction of the infrared rays is effected by reflecting elements placed in co-operation with light emitting lamps. In this method, however, the air in the vicinity of the heat treated web does not move fast enough, and hence, the air is very near to the saturation point and the vapourization is hampered.
  • the object of the invention is to create a drying arrangement, which includes the favourable properties of the devices of the prior art, and at the same time avoids the drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the object of the invention is realized by means of the arrangement presented in the main claim.
  • the invented arrangement includes members for a direct heating of the wet web by infrared light and members for keeping the vapor saturation value at low level in the vicinity of the running web.
  • the low level is maintained by a partial recirculation of the heated air streams which receive the heat from light emitter lamps.
  • the air streams are governed to create an air cushion, Coanda or the like effect, so that the web is out of contact with the box-like body member extending over the web transverse length.
  • the infrared light penetrates through a barrier element located between the web and the lamp.
  • a portion of the air flow in the air cushion can be directed through recirculation elements back into the body member to be reheated.
  • the heat economy is hereby positively effected.
  • the air outtake members being properly arranged, the running web can be held at a predetermined distance from the barrier element.
  • a typical barrier element is a glass plate with low infrared light absoprion index.
  • the best heat transfer effect, and the cooling of the hot infrared lamp, is possible by guiding the air circulation around the lamp, which can be placed parallel to web running direction or web transverse length.
  • Another possibility Is to guide streams around a conversion member of the lamp, said conversion member being a typical eletricity-light emittance conversion element producing heat energy with high rate.
  • the outtake members can be elongated and parellely placed slots.
  • a favourable set includes at least two separate heat units, placed for instance, so that each web side is treated at least by one unit.
  • the air streams from two neighbouring units can be either parallely or oppositely directed.
  • the oppositely directed streams can either approach or move away from each other. If a number of heat units are placed in a row one after another in the web running direction, at least one unit directs air streams in a direction opposite to other streams.
  • fig 1 discloses an embodiment of the invention in a general view and partly sectioned
  • - fig 2 shows a sectional side view of the device of fig 1
  • - fig 3-6 show some arrangements of a number of devices set in co-operation with a running web.
  • the heat unit is marked with reference numeral 8.
  • An infrared emitter lamp 1 is provided by a reflector mirror 2 for directing and concentrating infrared light on a running web 3.
  • Air stream 4 is guided through a slot 5 of a box-like body 18 into a space between web 3 and a glass plate 6, which forms the top (or bottom) cover of body 18.
  • Body 18 is provided by an air tube 7 for the air intake into body 18.
  • a favourable arrangement is such that air intake is carried out around the electric-light convension member 9 of lamp 1. If several units 8 are placed in a row, air flows from two neighbouring units 8 can be directed in several alternative ways 10-13 relative to each other or the web running direction 26.
  • Unit 8 can also be in co-operation with a reflector 14 so that web 3 is running between unit 8 and reflector 14.
  • web 3 is pre- and posttreated with a measure, which accelerates the vapour motion away from the vicinity of the web, which in turn decreases the saturation level near the web.
  • Body 18 can be further provided by air tube 17 for the recirculation of air stream indicated by numerals 4,10-13.
  • the lamp cooling stream is marked with numeral 19, air circulation around lamp 1 by 20,21 and the space between glass 6 and web 3 by 22.
  • the interior 23 of body 18 is not shown in detail.
  • the front plate 24 of body 18 is shaped to guide air stream 4,10-13 in a suitable manner.
  • a portion of air stream 4,10-13 is recirculated in body 18, this portion 25 is mixed in interior 23 with fresh stream 19.
  • Reference numeral 27 refer to the recovery or collector elements of the air recirculation system or to the outflow of air streams from heat unit 8 to the surrounding.

Abstract

An arrangement for drying a running paper web (3) by heat treatment. The treatment is carried out by heat emitting sources, the heat means comprising separate heat units (8) for the emittance of wavelengths in infrared light spectra. The heat unit (8) is provided by light reflecting elements. Said heat unit (8) comprises a closed box-like body member (18), which extends over the web transverse length. The infrared emitter lamp (1) unit is located in said body member (18), as well as air intake (7) and outtake members and guide elements (24; 6) for circulating air streams through the heat unit (8) and guiding the heated air streams in a space between said heat unit (8) and the running web (3). The intake member (7) is connected to an air supply source. The body member (18) comprises a plate-like barrier element (6) located between the web and the emitter lamp (1) unit. The barrier element (6) prevents air to stream from the body interior (23) towards the web and permits the infrared light wavelengths to pass through said barrier element (6). The air supply source, guide elements (24; 6) and barrier element (6) are arranged in cooperation so that the air flow between the running web (3) and the barrier element (6) generates an air cushion effect, a Coanda-effect or the like.

Description

ARRANGEMENT FOR DRYING A RUNNING WEB BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an arrangement for drying a running web or the like by heat treatment, which is carried out by means of heat emitting sources, preferably by electrical heat means comprising at least one separate heat unit for the emittance of wavelengths in infrared light spectra. The heat unit is provided by light reflecting elements.
PRIOR ART
The drying of the running web is rather important if the web is coated with a coating substance, which includes water as the fluency element. During the application of coating substance onto the web and the levelling of the coating layer in a levelling member, say a nip member, water maintains the fluency property of the substance and, hence, faciliates an incomplicated and easy working phase. A commonly used substance concentration includes about 40% of water, which must be removed from the levelled coating layer and the running web, in which a portion of the water amount has penetrated. A typical method to dry the web is to blow air streams either against or parallel to the web so, that the web is maintained contactless from air stream supply boxes, and preferably at a predetermined fixed distance from them. This method is based on the application of unsaturated gas substance, which carriers away the vaporized water from the web and the coating layer. And as widely known, the vaporization is speeded up if the temperature of the wet coating or of the air stream is increased, the contact area between liquid and gas phases is enlarged, the saturation degree of the gas phase is decreased, the flow rate in the gas phase is increased or the penetration of the water vapour phase from the web/coating layer is speeded up.
A typical drying process is based on heated air which raises the temperature of the web and the wet coating substance. The heated air has an increased ability to receive watervapour, that is, the relative saturation of the air stream is initially lowered by heating. It is important to realize an economical system and at the same time an effective vapour carrier media. A portion of the heated air stream is guided out of the heating process and replaced by an amount of insaturated and heated air. Hereby the total humidity amount carried by the air stream will not result in to a value too near the saturation point. The indirect heating of the wet web by means of the heated air is slow and rather ineffective, since the major part of the heated air hardly comes into contact with the web.
Another method is based on a direct heating of the wet web by means of infrared heating. If a suitable light spectra range is used, a quick and an even vapourization is possible. The direction of the infrared rays is effected by reflecting elements placed in co-operation with light emitting lamps. In this method, however, the air in the vicinity of the heat treated web does not move fast enough, and hence, the air is very near to the saturation point and the vapourization is hampered.
OBJECT AND SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to create a drying arrangement, which includes the favourable properties of the devices of the prior art, and at the same time avoids the drawbacks of the prior art.
The object of the invention is realized by means of the arrangement presented in the main claim. The invented arrangement includes members for a direct heating of the wet web by infrared light and members for keeping the vapor saturation value at low level in the vicinity of the running web. The low level is maintained by a partial recirculation of the heated air streams which receive the heat from light emitter lamps. The air streams are governed to create an air cushion, Coanda or the like effect, so that the web is out of contact with the box-like body member extending over the web transverse length. The infrared light penetrates through a barrier element located between the web and the lamp.
A portion of the air flow in the air cushion can be directed through recirculation elements back into the body member to be reheated. The heat economy is hereby positively effected. The air outtake members being properly arranged, the running web can be held at a predetermined distance from the barrier element.
A typical barrier element is a glass plate with low infrared light absoprion index. The best heat transfer effect, and the cooling of the hot infrared lamp, is possible by guiding the air circulation around the lamp, which can be placed parallel to web running direction or web transverse length. Another possibility Is to guide streams around a conversion member of the lamp, said conversion member being a typical eletricity-light emittance conversion element producing heat energy with high rate.
The outtake members can be elongated and parellely placed slots. A favourable set includes at least two separate heat units, placed for instance, so that each web side is treated at least by one unit.
The air streams from two neighbouring units can be either parallely or oppositely directed. The oppositely directed streams can either approach or move away from each other. If a number of heat units are placed in a row one after another in the web running direction, at least one unit directs air streams in a direction opposite to other streams.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING
The invention is described more in detail with reference to the attached drawing in which fig 1 discloses an embodiment of the invention in a general view and partly sectioned, - fig 2 shows a sectional side view of the device of fig 1, - fig 3-6 show some arrangements of a number of devices set in co-operation with a running web.
The heat unit is marked with reference numeral 8. An infrared emitter lamp 1 is provided by a reflector mirror 2 for directing and concentrating infrared light on a running web 3. Air stream 4 is guided through a slot 5 of a box-like body 18 into a space between web 3 and a glass plate 6, which forms the top (or bottom) cover of body 18. Body 18 is provided by an air tube 7 for the air intake into body 18. A favourable arrangement is such that air intake is carried out around the electric-light convension member 9 of lamp 1. If several units 8 are placed in a row, air flows from two neighbouring units 8 can be directed in several alternative ways 10-13 relative to each other or the web running direction 26. Unit 8 can also be in co-operation with a reflector 14 so that web 3 is running between unit 8 and reflector 14. In certain cases it is favourable to place ordinary air stream boxes 15,16 in co-operation with unit 8, whereby air streams from boxes 15,16 maintain web 3 at a fixed distance from unit 8. At the same time, web 3 is pre- and posttreated with a measure, which accelerates the vapour motion away from the vicinity of the web, which in turn decreases the saturation level near the web.
Body 18 can be further provided by air tube 17 for the recirculation of air stream indicated by numerals 4,10-13. The lamp cooling stream is marked with numeral 19, air circulation around lamp 1 by 20,21 and the space between glass 6 and web 3 by 22. The interior 23 of body 18 is not shown in detail. The front plate 24 of body 18 is shaped to guide air stream 4,10-13 in a suitable manner. A portion of air stream 4,10-13 is recirculated in body 18, this portion 25 is mixed in interior 23 with fresh stream 19. Reference numeral 27 refer to the recovery or collector elements of the air recirculation system or to the outflow of air streams from heat unit 8 to the surrounding.
The invention is not limited to embodiment shown, but several modifications thereof are feasible within the scope of the attached claims.

Claims

1. An arrangement for drying a running paper web or the like by heat treatment, said treatment being carried out by means of heat emitting sources, preferably by electrical heat means comprising at least one separate heat unit for the emittance of wavelengths in infrared light spectra, said heat unit being provided by light reflecting elements, the improvement being in that said heat unit comprises a mainly closed box-like body member, which extends at least mainly over the web transverse length, or comprise a number of separate box-like body members arranged side-by-side to extend over said transverse length, at least one infrared emitter lamp unit in said body member, air intake and outtake members and guide elements for circulating air streams through said heat unit and guiding the heated air streams in a space between said heat unit and said running web, said intake member being connected to an air supply source, said body member comprising a plate-like barrier element located between said web and said emitter lamp unit, said barrier element preventing air to stream from said body interior towards the web and permitting the infrared light wavelengths to pass through said barrier element, said outtake members being extended or distributed mainly over said transverse web length and in co-operation with a first element of said guide elements, said barrier element forming a second element of said guide elements, said air supply source, guide elements and barrier element being arranged in co-operation so that the air flow between said web and said barrier element generates an air cushion effect, a Coanda-effect or the like.
2. Arrangement according to claim 1 in which said air intake members are provided with a connection member including a closure element, said connection member being located in the vicinity of said space between the web and the barrier unit, said connection faciliating a recirculation of said heated air flow, whereby said heated air flow forms a partial source of said air supply source.
3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2 in which said air outtake members include at least one, preferably unique, slot-like opening extending over said transverse length, whereby the geometry of said slot-like opening, barrier element and first guide element are so arranged that the distance between said running web and said barrier element is controlled by the air flow speed relative to the web speed.
4. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, in which said barrier element is a glass plate or the like.
5. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2 , in which the circulation of air streams inside said body member is guided around said emitter, lamp unit, thereby providing a heat transmission effect from said lamp to the air streams.
6. Arrangement according to claim 5, in which the heated air streams are guided to and through said outtake members.
7. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, in which said elongated emitter lamps are mounted along said web transverse length.
8. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, in which said elongated emitter lamps are mounted in a parallel position relative to the web running direction.
9. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, in which said air outtake members comprise a number of parallel slot-like openings, which extend mainly over the body member in a direction parallel to the web running direction.
10. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, in which said intake member is connected to a separate air supply source containing air at ambient temperature, air streams from said source being mainly guided around a conversion member of said lamp unit, said conversion member converting electrical energy to light emission and heat generation.
11. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, in which said web is treated by at least two separate heat units.
12. Arrangement according to claim 11, in which both opposite sides of said web are faced by at least one heat unit.
13. Arrangement according to claim 11, in which air streams from two neighbouring heat units are parallelly directed.
14. Arrangement according to claim 11, in which air streams from two neighbouring heat units are oppositely directed, either approaching each other or moving away.
15. Arrangement according to claim 14, in which a number of consecutive heat units generate air streams, of which at least one is oppositely directed relative to other air streams.
16. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, in which said heat unit is arranged in co-operation with a separate air stream supplying unit, which generates an air cushion effect, a Goanda-effect or the like.
17. Arrangement according, to claim 1 or 2, in which said heat unit is applied for treating a running paper or cardboard web in a papermaking machine, a calander, a coater or the like.
PCT/FI1987/000031 1987-03-11 1987-03-11 Arrangement for drying a running web WO1988007103A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19870902088 EP0305366A1 (en) 1987-03-11 1987-03-11 Arrangement for drying a running web
PCT/FI1987/000031 WO1988007103A1 (en) 1987-03-11 1987-03-11 Arrangement for drying a running web

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FI1987/000031 WO1988007103A1 (en) 1987-03-11 1987-03-11 Arrangement for drying a running web

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1988007103A1 true WO1988007103A1 (en) 1988-09-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1987/000031 WO1988007103A1 (en) 1987-03-11 1987-03-11 Arrangement for drying a running web

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0305366A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1988007103A1 (en)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2236584A (en) * 1989-10-05 1991-04-10 Spooner Ind Ltd Air-float web treatment apparatus
WO1995010012A1 (en) * 1993-10-06 1995-04-13 Infra Rouge System Contact-free sheet material diverting device
WO1997027999A1 (en) * 1996-02-01 1997-08-07 Donato Rufo Method and device for continuously producing compact multilayer paperboard sheets
WO1998051858A1 (en) * 1997-05-13 1998-11-19 ABB Fläkt Aktiebolag Device for drying or heat treatment of a material web
EP0937956A1 (en) * 1998-02-19 1999-08-25 Infra Rouge System Apparatus for heat treatment of continuously moving webs
EP1171744A1 (en) * 1999-04-20 2002-01-16 Megtec Systems, Inc. Infrared dryer with air purge shutter
WO2003012353A1 (en) * 2001-07-27 2003-02-13 Gerstendoerfer-Hart Barbara Irradiation device comprising an air evacuation nozzle
WO2009017630A2 (en) * 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Eastman Kodak Company Micro-structured drying for inkjet printers
WO2012134783A2 (en) 2011-03-31 2012-10-04 Eastman Kodak Company Inkjet printing ink set
US8398223B2 (en) 2011-03-31 2013-03-19 Eastman Kodak Company Inkjet printing process
JP2013148310A (en) * 2012-01-23 2013-08-01 Ngk Insulators Ltd Drying furnace
WO2015191305A1 (en) 2014-06-12 2015-12-17 Eastman Kodak Company Improving aqueous ink durability deposited on substrate
US9855221B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2018-01-02 Monosol Rx, Llc Uniform films for rapid-dissolve dosage form incorporating anti-tacking compositions
US9931305B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2018-04-03 Monosol Rx, Llc Uniform films for rapid dissolve dosage form incorporating taste-masking compositions
CN108049232A (en) * 2018-01-09 2018-05-18 张斐斐 A kind of drying equipment for paper making equipment
US10111810B2 (en) 2002-04-11 2018-10-30 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Thin film with non-self-aggregating uniform heterogeneity and drug delivery systems made therefrom
US10272607B2 (en) 2010-10-22 2019-04-30 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Manufacturing of small film strips
US10285910B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2019-05-14 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Sublingual and buccal film compositions
US10821074B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2020-11-03 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Sublingual and buccal film compositions
US11077068B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2021-08-03 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Uniform films for rapid-dissolve dosage form incorporating anti-tacking compositions
US11191737B2 (en) 2016-05-05 2021-12-07 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Enhanced delivery epinephrine compositions
US11207805B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2021-12-28 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Process for manufacturing a resulting pharmaceutical film
WO2022049470A1 (en) * 2020-09-02 2022-03-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Heated air nozzle
US11273131B2 (en) 2016-05-05 2022-03-15 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Pharmaceutical compositions with enhanced permeation

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US3499232A (en) * 1967-11-13 1970-03-10 Eduard J Zimmermann Dryer having removable heating units
EP0009195A1 (en) * 1978-09-22 1980-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for guiding a web, in particular a web of paper
US4290210A (en) * 1978-12-06 1981-09-22 Ab Svenska Flaktfabriken Device for drying web material
US4494316A (en) * 1983-03-14 1985-01-22 Impact Systems, Inc. Apparatus for drying a moving web
US4594795A (en) * 1984-10-23 1986-06-17 Erik Stephansen Air bearing support apparatus for drying a moving web

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3499232A (en) * 1967-11-13 1970-03-10 Eduard J Zimmermann Dryer having removable heating units
EP0009195A1 (en) * 1978-09-22 1980-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for guiding a web, in particular a web of paper
US4290210A (en) * 1978-12-06 1981-09-22 Ab Svenska Flaktfabriken Device for drying web material
US4494316A (en) * 1983-03-14 1985-01-22 Impact Systems, Inc. Apparatus for drying a moving web
US4594795A (en) * 1984-10-23 1986-06-17 Erik Stephansen Air bearing support apparatus for drying a moving web

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2236584A (en) * 1989-10-05 1991-04-10 Spooner Ind Ltd Air-float web treatment apparatus
WO1995010012A1 (en) * 1993-10-06 1995-04-13 Infra Rouge System Contact-free sheet material diverting device
FR2710971A1 (en) * 1993-10-06 1995-04-14 Infra Rouge System Non-contact deflection device for sheet material
WO1997027999A1 (en) * 1996-02-01 1997-08-07 Donato Rufo Method and device for continuously producing compact multilayer paperboard sheets
FR2744387A1 (en) * 1996-02-01 1997-08-08 Rufo Donato PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE CONTINUOUS MANUFACTURE OF SHEETS OF COMPACT MULTILAYER CARTON
WO1998051858A1 (en) * 1997-05-13 1998-11-19 ABB Fläkt Aktiebolag Device for drying or heat treatment of a material web
EP0937956A1 (en) * 1998-02-19 1999-08-25 Infra Rouge System Apparatus for heat treatment of continuously moving webs
EP1171744A1 (en) * 1999-04-20 2002-01-16 Megtec Systems, Inc. Infrared dryer with air purge shutter
EP1171744A4 (en) * 1999-04-20 2009-01-14 Megtec Sys Inc Infrared dryer with air purge shutter
WO2003012353A1 (en) * 2001-07-27 2003-02-13 Gerstendoerfer-Hart Barbara Irradiation device comprising an air evacuation nozzle
US10285910B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2019-05-14 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Sublingual and buccal film compositions
US9931305B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2018-04-03 Monosol Rx, Llc Uniform films for rapid dissolve dosage form incorporating taste-masking compositions
US10888499B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2021-01-12 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Thin film with non-self-aggregating uniform heterogeneity and drug delivery systems made therefrom
US9855221B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2018-01-02 Monosol Rx, Llc Uniform films for rapid-dissolve dosage form incorporating anti-tacking compositions
US11077068B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2021-08-03 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Uniform films for rapid-dissolve dosage form incorporating anti-tacking compositions
US11207805B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2021-12-28 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Process for manufacturing a resulting pharmaceutical film
US10111810B2 (en) 2002-04-11 2018-10-30 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Thin film with non-self-aggregating uniform heterogeneity and drug delivery systems made therefrom
WO2009017630A3 (en) * 2007-07-31 2009-04-16 Eastman Kodak Co Micro-structured drying for inkjet printers
US7966743B2 (en) 2007-07-31 2011-06-28 Eastman Kodak Company Micro-structured drying for inkjet printers
WO2009017630A2 (en) * 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Eastman Kodak Company Micro-structured drying for inkjet printers
US10821074B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2020-11-03 Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. Sublingual and buccal film compositions
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