WO1988000956A1 - Polyesters - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO1988000956A1
WO1988000956A1 PCT/GB1987/000533 GB8700533W WO8800956A1 WO 1988000956 A1 WO1988000956 A1 WO 1988000956A1 GB 8700533 W GB8700533 W GB 8700533W WO 8800956 A1 WO8800956 A1 WO 8800956A1
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Prior art keywords
acid
repeating units
units derived
polyester according
polyester
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1987/000533
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Aziz A. Durrani
Original Assignee
Biocompatibles Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biocompatibles Limited filed Critical Biocompatibles Limited
Priority to AT87904908T priority Critical patent/ATE81662T1/en
Priority to DE8787904908T priority patent/DE3782327T2/en
Publication of WO1988000956A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988000956A1/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/68Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
    • C08G63/692Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing phosphorus
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/14Macromolecular materials
    • A61L27/18Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S528/00Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
    • Y10S528/92Polymers useful for replacing hard animal tissues, e.g. dentures, bones
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S623/00Prosthesis, i.e. artificial body members, parts thereof, or aids and accessories therefor
    • Y10S623/924Material characteristic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to polyester materials having biocompatible properties, in particular polyesters involving repeating units derived from glycerophosphorylcholine.
  • Blood contacting devices are of major importance in the practice of modern medicine but suffer from the problem that, when a foreign surface is brought into contact with blood, absorption of certain blood components results in the formation of blood clots.
  • Previous solutions to this problem included coating any surfaces of the devices which will come into contact with blood with haemocompatible materials, for instance materials mimicking the inert surfaces of, red or white blood cells.
  • haemocompatible materials for instance materials mimicking the inert surfaces of, red or white blood cells.
  • phosphatidylcholine polymers indicate that these substances do not alter (reduce) the blood clotting time.
  • the present invention provides a biocompatible polyester comprising repeating units derived from glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC) or glycerophosphorylethanolamine (GPE) and at least one di- or poly-functional acid or reactive derivative thereof.
  • GPC glycerophosphorylcholine
  • GPE glycerophosphorylethanolamine
  • Polyesters according to the present invention are derived from the compounds of formula (I)
  • R is hydrogen (GPE) or methyl (GPC).
  • GPC is a bifunctional alcohol which may be isolated from egg or soyabean lecithins in the form of its cadmium chloride complex. This dihydric alcohol may be treated with a bifunctional acid or active derivative thereof such as an acid chloride to make a linear polyester.
  • a polyfunctional, e.g., a trifunctional, acid or reactive derivative such as an acid chloride may be used.
  • linear polyesters of GPC or GPE according to the present invention comprise repeating units of formula (Il)
  • Branched chain polyesters will have corresponding repeating units but having branch points in the residues of the polyfunctional acids.
  • the physical properties of the polyester may be adjusted by incorporation of various other monomers, examples of which are as follows:
  • the softness of the polyesters is controlled by including other dihydric alcohols in the reaction mixtures. Incorporation of some long chain diols along with GPC or GPE produces polymers with more elasticity. Ethylene glycol may be added to produce polymers having lower melting points than those containing GPC or GPE as sole diol.
  • Branched chain polyesters are more insoluble than the linear materials and also have greater solidity. High amounts of GPC or GPE in these esters increases their melting points. Some high GPC or GPE branched chain polymers decompose on heating.
  • Preferred polyesters according to the present invention include repeating units derived from one of more of the following:
  • the polyesters according to the invention comprise repeating units derived from GPC and GPE. More preferably such repeating units are present in a molar ratio of 99:1 to 50:50, most preferably 80:20, GPC derived units to GPE derived units.
  • the present invention also includes a physical admixture of GPC polyester and GPE polyester as descrbed above, preferably in proportions affording molar ratios of GPC- and GPE- derived repeating units as mentioned above.
  • Polyesters according to the invention are advantageous in being haemocompatible at any exposed surface. This allows articles formed of the polyesters to be shaped, and worked after crude shaping, without subsequent coating treatment. Moreover, scratching or other damage to the surfaces of such articles simply exposes fresh haeomocompatible material. Polyesters according to the present invention may be used to prepare articial tendons blood vessels, fibres for aorta, fibres for autogenised and lyophilised for blood, vascular grafts and polyester polyproplylene for cranioplasty. These polyesters may also have applications to tissue culture systems where particular cell adhesion characteristics are required. The present invention also provides a process for producing GPC or GPE polymers as defined above which comprises reacting GPC or GPE with at least one di- or poly-functional acid or reactive derivative thereof.
  • GPC or GPE may be the sole alcohol present in the reaction mixture or there may be other diols and/or polyols.
  • GPC, GPE or an appropriate mixture thereof represents at least 50 mole% of the di- or poly-ols in the reaction mixture, more preferably at least 75% and most preferably 90% or more.
  • Suitable acids include di- and poly-carboxylic acids, preferably di- or trialkanoic acids.
  • Suitable reactive derivatives of acids include the acid halides, especially acid chlorides.
  • At least 50 mole% of the total amount of di- or poly-acids or reactive derivatives thereof is provided by one or a mixture of di-alkanoic acids, which are preferably straight chain di-alkanoic acids having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or reactive derivatives thereof.
  • di-alkanoic acids which are preferably straight chain di-alkanoic acids having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or reactive derivatives thereof.
  • the reaction mixture comprises substantially equal numbers of alcohol groups and acid groups or reactive derivatives thereof.
  • the ester ification is conducted in the presence of an inert solvent, preferably an ether solvent.
  • an inert solvent preferably an ether solvent.
  • an organic base such as pyridine
  • the reaction involves free acids it is suitably conducted in an apparatus designed for azeotropic removal of water and in the presence of an acid, such as concentrated sulphuric acid, as catalyst.
  • Polyesters according to the present invention may be shaped or formed in conventional manner to provide tubing, components, prostheses and other devices having haemocompatible surfaces.
  • the present invention also provides a shaped article comprising a polyester of GPC or GPE as hereinbefore described.
  • Fig.1. Shows thromboelastographs generated using (a) an uncoated pin and cuvette and (b) a pin and cuvette coated with polyester according to the present invention.
  • Isophthaloyl chloride (20.3g) was dissolved in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (50ml) and was added dropwise in a thoroughly stirred, cooled (0oC) mixture of ethylene glycol (3.1g), GPC Cd Cl 2 (12.85g) and pyridine (25ml) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (75ml). The addition took place over 30 minutes after which the stirring was continued for another 6 hours at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated (40-50oC; 1.5mm Hg) to about one third of the original volume and diluted with water (500ml) and mixed well. Water was decanted and the residue was washed with fresh portions of water (50ml) and the white polyester filtered on a Buchner funnel. On drying, the material weighed 15g.
  • GPC Cd Cl 2 (25.7g) was suspended in 50ml of tetrahydrofuran (or diethyl ether), pyridine (25ml) added and treated with isophthaloyl chloride (20.3g) in 50 ml ; tetrahydrofuran (or diethyl ether) as described in Examples 1 and 2.
  • the polyester was obtained by precipitation with water, washed and sucked dry. Yield 14.9g.
  • GPC Cd Cl 2 (12.85g) and ethylene glycol (3.1g) was suspended in 50ml of tetrahydrofuran (or diethyl ether), pyridine (25ml) added and treated with benzene-1, 2,4-triacid chloride in tetrahydrofuran (or diethyl ether) (50ml) as described in Examples 1 and 2 to produce a GPC polyester.
  • GPC Cd Cl 2 (25.7g) was suspended in 50ml of tetrahydrofuran (or diethyl ether), pyridine (25ml) add and treated with benzene-1,2,4-triacid chloride in tetrahydrofuran (or diethyl ether) (50ml) as described in Examples 1 and 2 to produce a GPC polyester.
  • Example 6
  • GPC Cd Cl 2 (9.16g) and isophthalic acid (3.32g) were mixed in toluene (150ml) and cone, sulphuric acid (0.5ml) added. The mixture was heated at reflux under Dean and Stark apparatus for the removal of the water thus formed. The reflux was continued till no more water could be removed (12 hours). Solvent was removed (80o C; 15mm Hg) and the residue was suspended in water (100ml) in which sodium carbonate (20g) was dissolved. The white solid was filtered under suction and washed repeatedly with water. The yield of the dried white solid was 8.3g.
  • GPC polyesters were produced in similar manner to Examples 1 to 6 using fumaryl chloride or malonyl dichloride as acid chlorides.
  • GPE polyesters are produced in similar manner to the GPC polyesters of Examples 1 to 7.
  • polyesters prepared in Examples 1 to 6 were all soluble in DMSO and were characterised by the presence of choline residues, aromatic nuclei (if present) and ester bond protons, by 1 H-NMR. The IR spectra also show the presence of ester bonds.
  • the biocompatibility, particularly the haemo compatibility of polyesters prepared according to the present invention may be assessed using a thromboelastograph.
  • the thromboelastograph is a mechanical optical system which provides a continual visual and photokymographic observation of blood during all phases of coagulation. Using this equipment it is possible to measure r) the coagulation time, k) the rapidity of the fibrin build up, and E the elastic modulus of the clot.
  • blood is placed in a plastic cuvette connected to a moving device which enables it to be oscillated back and forth over an angle of 4°45' (1/12 radian) around a vertical axis.
  • a pin made of steel is lowered by means of a torsion wire into the cuvette leaving a space of 1mm for the blood sample between the pin and the cuvette.
  • a mirror attached to the torsion wire reflects light from a slit lamp onto a strip of photographic film. Whilst the sample remains fluid the metal pin remains motionless. As fibrin formation proceeds between the cuvette and the pin, the pin is caused to oscillate proportionately.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the marked difference which occurs in blood clot behaviour when an uncoated pin and cuvette are used (a) and the result of coating the metal pin and cuvette with poly(glycerophosphorylcholine glycol-ortho-phthalate urethane), a polyester synthesised in the manner indicated above from glycerophosphorylcholine, glycol, urethane and ortho phthaloyl di-chloride. It can be seen that the coagulation and fibrin formation are extremely reduced, consistent with the properties of a haemocompatible or biocompatible material.
  • 1,2-Isopropylidine glycerol (ex Aldrich) (6.6g) was added dropwise to a cooled (0°C) mixture of choline acetate dichlorophosphate (20g) (EP-A-01-57469) nitromethane (100ml) and dried pyridine (20ml) with rapid;, stirring. Th addition took place 15 manitues and the mixture was stirred for an additional 30 minutes It. was then treated with small portions of sodium bicarbonate till no more effervescence was noticed. The solid was removed and discarded while the filtrate was concentrated to dryness and then kept at 0.01mm Hg over P 2 O 5 for 48 hours.

Abstract

A biocompatible polyester comprising repeating units derived from glycerophosphorylcholine or glycerophosphorylethanolamine and at least one di- or poly-functional acid or reactive derivative thereof is haemocompatible and may be used in components for handling body fluids and in prostheses.

Description

POLYESTERS
The present invention relates to polyester materials having biocompatible properties, in particular polyesters involving repeating units derived from glycerophosphorylcholine.
Blood contacting devices are of major importance in the practice of modern medicine but suffer from the problem that, when a foreign surface is brought into contact with blood, absorption of certain blood components results in the formation of blood clots. Previous solutions to this problem included coating any surfaces of the devices which will come into contact with blood with haemocompatible materials, for instance materials mimicking the inert surfaces of, red or white blood cells. Experiments with phosphatidylcholine polymers indicate that these substances do not alter (reduce) the blood clotting time.
There are certain disadvantages involved in coating these devices and further investigation has enabled identification of materials which have biocompatible surfaces without the need for a coating treatment.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a biocompatible polyester comprising repeating units derived from glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC) or glycerophosphorylethanolamine (GPE) and at least one di- or poly-functional acid or reactive derivative thereof.
Polyesters according to the present invention are derived from the compounds of formula (I)
Figure imgf000003_0001
wherein R is hydrogen (GPE) or methyl (GPC).
GPC is a bifunctional alcohol which may be isolated from egg or soyabean lecithins in the form of its cadmium chloride complex. This dihydric alcohol may be treated with a bifunctional acid or active derivative thereof such as an acid chloride to make a linear polyester. For branched chain polyesters a polyfunctional, e.g., a trifunctional, acid or reactive derivative such as an acid chloride may be used.
The linear polyesters of GPC or GPE according to the present invention comprise repeating units of formula (Il)
(II)
Figure imgf000004_0001
wherein -A- is straight or branched C1 -15 alkylene or straight or branched C2 -15 alkenylene and (
Figure imgf000004_0003
) is a phosphate head group of formula (III)
(Ill)
Figure imgf000004_0002
wherein R is methyl or hydrogen. Branched chain polyesters will have corresponding repeating units but having branch points in the residues of the polyfunctional acids.
The physical properties of the polyester may be adjusted by incorporation of various other monomers, examples of which are as follows: The softness of the polyesters is controlled by including other dihydric alcohols in the reaction mixtures. Incorporation of some long chain diols along with GPC or GPE produces polymers with more elasticity. Ethylene glycol may be added to produce polymers having lower melting points than those containing GPC or GPE as sole diol.
Branched chain polyesters are more insoluble than the linear materials and also have greater solidity. High amounts of GPC or GPE in these esters increases their melting points. Some high GPC or GPE branched chain polymers decompose on heating.
Preferred polyesters according to the present invention include repeating units derived from one of more of the following:
1) Acid Chlorides
Isophthaloyl chloride and phthaloylchloride
Benzene 1,3,5-triacid chloride
Benzene 1,2,4-triacid chloride
Adipoyl chloride
Fumaryl chloride
Malonyl chloride
2) Acids
Isophthalic and phthalic acids
Benzene 1,3,5- and 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acids
Adipic Acid
Fumaric Acid
Malonic Acid 3) Alcohols
Ethylene glycol
1,2-Proρanediol
1,2-and 1,4-Butane diols
2,5-and 1,6-Hexane diols
1,7-Heptanediol
1,8-Octane diol
Glycerol
In a particular preferred aspect the polyesters according to the invention comprise repeating units derived from GPC and GPE. More preferably such repeating units are present in a molar ratio of 99:1 to 50:50, most preferably 80:20, GPC derived units to GPE derived units.
The present invention also includes a physical admixture of GPC polyester and GPE polyester as descrbed above, preferably in proportions affording molar ratios of GPC- and GPE- derived repeating units as mentioned above.
Polyesters according to the invention are advantageous in being haemocompatible at any exposed surface. This allows articles formed of the polyesters to be shaped, and worked after crude shaping, without subsequent coating treatment. Moreover, scratching or other damage to the surfaces of such articles simply exposes fresh haeomocompatible material. Polyesters according to the present invention may be used to prepare articial tendons blood vessels, fibres for aorta, fibres for autogenised and lyophilised for blood, vascular grafts and polyester polyproplylene for cranioplasty. These polyesters may also have applications to tissue culture systems where particular cell adhesion characteristics are required. The present invention also provides a process for producing GPC or GPE polymers as defined above which comprises reacting GPC or GPE with at least one di- or poly-functional acid or reactive derivative thereof.
GPC or GPE may be the sole alcohol present in the reaction mixture or there may be other diols and/or polyols. Preferably GPC, GPE or an appropriate mixture thereof represents at least 50 mole% of the di- or poly-ols in the reaction mixture, more preferably at least 75% and most preferably 90% or more. Suitable acids include di- and poly-carboxylic acids, preferably di- or trialkanoic acids. Suitable reactive derivatives of acids include the acid halides, especially acid chlorides. Conveniently at least 50 mole% of the total amount of di- or poly-acids or reactive derivatives thereof is provided by one or a mixture of di-alkanoic acids, which are preferably straight chain di-alkanoic acids having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or reactive derivatives thereof. For the formation of a high molecular weight polyester it is important that accurate amounts of the reactants are used since an excess of either reactant will cause premature chain termination. Ideally the reaction mixture comprises substantially equal numbers of alcohol groups and acid groups or reactive derivatives thereof.
Preferably the ester ification is conducted in the presence of an inert solvent, preferably an ether solvent. When the esterification is conducted using acid halides, suitably an organic base such as pyridine is present, whereas when the reaction involves free acids it is suitably conducted in an apparatus designed for azeotropic removal of water and in the presence of an acid, such as concentrated sulphuric acid, as catalyst. Polyesters according to the present invention may be shaped or formed in conventional manner to provide tubing, components, prostheses and other devices having haemocompatible surfaces.
Accordingly the present invention also provides a shaped article comprising a polyester of GPC or GPE as hereinbefore described.
The invention will be illustrated by the following non-limiting Examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig.1. Shows thromboelastographs generated using (a) an uncoated pin and cuvette and (b) a pin and cuvette coated with polyester according to the present invention.
Example 1
Isophthaloyl chloride (20.3g) was dissolved in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (50ml) and was added dropwise in a thoroughly stirred, cooled (0ºC) mixture of ethylene glycol (3.1g), GPC Cd Cl2 (12.85g) and pyridine (25ml) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (75ml). The addition took place over 30 minutes after which the stirring was continued for another 6 hours at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated (40-50ºC; 1.5mm Hg) to about one third of the original volume and diluted with water (500ml) and mixed well. Water was decanted and the residue was washed with fresh portions of water (50ml) and the white polyester filtered on a Buchner funnel. On drying, the material weighed 15g.
The above process was repeated using diethyl ether instead of tetrahydrofuran.
Example 2
Adipoyl chloride (1.83g), dissolved in anhydrous diethyl ether (10ml) was added dropwise over 15 minutes to a cooled (0°C) and rapidly stirred mixture of GPC Cd Cl2 (4.58g) dried pyridine (5ml) in diethyl ether (25ml). The mixture was then stirred at room temperature for 6 hours after which the ether was evaporated and the residue washed with water (4 x 25ml). The white polyester was finally sucked dry to obtain 5.89g of the dried material.
The above process was repeated using tetrahydrofuran as a solvent instead of the ether.
Example 3
GPC Cd Cl2 (25.7g) was suspended in 50ml of tetrahydrofuran (or diethyl ether), pyridine (25ml) added and treated with isophthaloyl chloride (20.3g) in 50 ml ; tetrahydrofuran (or diethyl ether) as described in Examples 1 and 2. The polyester was obtained by precipitation with water, washed and sucked dry. Yield 14.9g.
Example 4
GPC Cd Cl2 (12.85g) and ethylene glycol (3.1g) was suspended in 50ml of tetrahydrofuran (or diethyl ether), pyridine (25ml) added and treated with benzene-1, 2,4-triacid chloride in tetrahydrofuran (or diethyl ether) (50ml) as described in Examples 1 and 2 to produce a GPC polyester.
Example 5
GPC Cd Cl2 (25.7g) was suspended in 50ml of tetrahydrofuran (or diethyl ether), pyridine (25ml) add and treated with benzene-1,2,4-triacid chloride in tetrahydrofuran (or diethyl ether) (50ml) as described in Examples 1 and 2 to produce a GPC polyester. Example 6
GPC Cd Cl2 (9.16g) and isophthalic acid (3.32g) were mixed in toluene (150ml) and cone, sulphuric acid (0.5ml) added. The mixture was heated at reflux under Dean and Stark apparatus for the removal of the water thus formed. The reflux was continued till no more water could be removed (12 hours). Solvent was removed (80º C; 15mm Hg) and the residue was suspended in water (100ml) in which sodium carbonate (20g) was dissolved. The white solid was filtered under suction and washed repeatedly with water. The yield of the dried white solid was 8.3g.
Example 7
GPC polyesters were produced in similar manner to Examples 1 to 6 using fumaryl chloride or malonyl dichloride as acid chlorides.
Example 8
GPE polyesters are produced in similar manner to the GPC polyesters of Examples 1 to 7.
The polyesters prepared in Examples 1 to 6 were all soluble in DMSO and were characterised by the presence of choline residues, aromatic nuclei (if present) and ester bond protons, by 1H-NMR. The IR spectra also show the presence of ester bonds.
Example 9
The biocompatibility, particularly the haemo compatibility of polyesters prepared according to the present invention may be assessed using a thromboelastograph. The thromboelastograph is a mechanical optical system which provides a continual visual and photokymographic observation of blood during all phases of coagulation. Using this equipment it is possible to measure r) the coagulation time, k) the rapidity of the fibrin build up, and E the elastic modulus of the clot. To carry out the test, blood is placed in a plastic cuvette connected to a moving device which enables it to be oscillated back and forth over an angle of 4°45' (1/12 radian) around a vertical axis. A pin made of steel is lowered by means of a torsion wire into the cuvette leaving a space of 1mm for the blood sample between the pin and the cuvette. A mirror attached to the torsion wire reflects light from a slit lamp onto a strip of photographic film. Whilst the sample remains fluid the metal pin remains motionless. As fibrin formation proceeds between the cuvette and the pin, the pin is caused to oscillate proportionately.
This type of experiment gives rise to thromboelastograms. A comparison shown in Figure 1 illustrates the marked difference which occurs in blood clot behaviour when an uncoated pin and cuvette are used (a) and the result of coating the metal pin and cuvette with poly(glycerophosphorylcholine glycol-ortho-phthalate urethane), a polyester synthesised in the manner indicated above from glycerophosphorylcholine, glycol, urethane and ortho phthaloyl di-chloride. It can be seen that the coagulation and fibrin formation are extremely reduced, consistent with the properties of a haemocompatible or biocompatible material. Preparative Example A
Synthesis of racemic phosphatidylcholine
1,2-Isopropylidine glycerol (ex Aldrich) (6.6g) was added dropwise to a cooled (0°C) mixture of choline acetate dichlorophosphate (20g) (EP-A-01-57469) nitromethane (100ml) and dried pyridine (20ml) with rapid;, stirring. Th addition took place 15 manitues and the mixture was stirred for an additional 30 minutes It. was then treated with small portions of sodium bicarbonate till no more effervescence was noticed. The solid was removed and discarded while the filtrate was concentrated to dryness and then kept at 0.01mm Hg over P2O5 for 48 hours. The 1H-NMR spectrum of this substance as well as that of its cadmium chloride complex are identical to that obtained, from egg lecithin and its cadmium chloride complex respectively except that the unpurified synthetic product showed more protons for the choline residue due to the excess of choline acetate dichlorophosphate used in synthesis.
Preparative Example B
Synthesis of racemic phosphatidylethanolamine
2-chloro-2-oxo-1,2,3-oxazapholane (EP-A-0157469) (14.15g) was treated with anhydrous pyridine (5ml) at 0°C and anhydrous nitromethane (50ml) added. The mixture was vigourously stirred and was treated with dropwise addition of 1,2-isopropylidine glycerol (ex Aldrich) (13.2g) at 0°C. The addition took 15 minutes and the mixture was stirred for an additional 30 minutes. The product was then treated with crushed ice (50g) followed by treatment with 10% hydrochloric acid (100ml). The volatile matter was evaporated (60°C; 15mmHg) and the residue was washed twice with chloroform. The substance was dried in a desiccator over P2O5 at 0.01m Hg for 48 hours. 1H-NMR of this product agreed with its structure.

Claims

1. A biocompatible polyester comprising repeating units derived from glycerophosphorylcholine or glycerophosphorylethanolamine and at least one di- or poly-functional acid or reactive derivative thereof.
2. A polyester according to claim 1 comprising repeating units of formula (II)
(II)
Figure imgf000013_0001
wherein -A- is straight or branched C1-15 alkylene or straight or branched C2 -15 alkenylene and
Figure imgf000013_0003
is a phosphate head group of formula (III)
(III)
Figure imgf000013_0002
wherein R is methyl or hydrogen.
3. A polyester according to claim 1 or claim 2 comprising repeating units derived from 1 or more of isophthaloyl chloride, phthaloyl chloride, benzene 1,3,5-triacid chloride, benzene 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid chloride, adipoyl chloride, fumaryl chloride, malonyl chloride, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, benzene 1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, benzene 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid and malonic acid.
4. A polyester according to any preceding claim further comprising repeating units derived from a di-hydric alcohol.
5. A polyester according to claim 4 further comprising repeating units derived from ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,2-butane diol, 1,4-butane diol, 2,5-hexane diol, 1,6-hexane diol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8-0ctane diol or glycerol.
6. A polyester according to claim 5 wherein the di-hydric alcohol is ethylene glycol.
7. A polyester according to claim 4 wherein the di-hydric alcohol is a long chain diol.
8. A polyester according to any preceding claim comprising repeating units derived from glycerophosphorylcholine and repeating units derived from glycerophosphorylethanolamine.
9. A polyester according to claim 8, comprising repeating units derived from glycerophosphorylcholine and glycerophosphorylethanolamine in a molar ratio of from 99:1 to 50:50.
10. A polyester according to claim 8, comprising repeating units derived from glycerophosphorylcholine and glycerophosphorylethanolamine in a molar ratio of about 80:20.
11. A polyester material comprising a physical admixture of a polyester according to any one of claims 1 to 9 having repeating units derived from glycerophosphorylcholine and a polyester according to any one of claims 1 to 9 having repeating units derived from glycerophosphorylethanolamine.
12. A process for producing a polyester according to any preceding claim comprising reacting glycerophosphorylcholine or glycerophosphorylethanolamine with at least one di- or poly-functional acid or reactive derivative thereof,
13. A process according to claim 12 comprising reacting glycerophosphorylcholine or glycerophosphorylethanolamine with a di- or poly-carboxylic acid or an acid halide of a di- or poly-carboxylic acid.
14. A process according to claim 13 compr ising reacting glycerophosphorylcholine or glycerophosphorylethanolamine with a di- or tri-alkanoic acid or the acid halide of a di- or tri-alkanoic acid.
15. A process according to claim 13 or claim 14 wherein the acid halide is an acid chloride.
16. A haemocompatible article having a polyester according to any one of claims 1 to 11 on at least a part of the surface thereof.
17. An article according to claim 16 formed of a polyester according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
18. A polyster according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or an article according to claim 16 or claim 17 for use in the treatment of the human of animal body by surgery or therapy of for use in the method of diagnosis practiced on the human or animal body.
PCT/GB1987/000533 1986-07-28 1987-07-28 Polyesters WO1988000956A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87904908T ATE81662T1 (en) 1986-07-28 1987-07-28 POLYESTER.
DE8787904908T DE3782327T2 (en) 1986-07-28 1987-07-28 POLYESTER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8618334 1986-07-28
GB868618334A GB8618334D0 (en) 1986-07-28 1986-07-28 Polyesters

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US5645883A (en) * 1993-01-28 1997-07-08 Biocompatibles Limited Zwitterionic materials
US5717047A (en) * 1993-01-28 1998-02-10 Biocompatibles Limited Materials
US5739237A (en) * 1994-01-28 1998-04-14 Biocompatibles Limited Materials and their use in the preparation of biocompatible surfaces
US5798117A (en) * 1992-04-24 1998-08-25 Biocompatibles Limited Method of reducing microorganism adhesion
US6040415A (en) * 1997-04-17 2000-03-21 Toyobo Co., Ltd. Biocompatible polymers
WO2008075181A2 (en) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 C A Casyso Ag Apparatus and method for measuring the coagulation characteristics of a test liquid

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JP3138316B2 (en) * 1992-02-13 2001-02-26 科学技術振興事業団 Water-soluble graft polymer
US5342621A (en) * 1992-09-15 1994-08-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Antithrombogenic surface
IL132120A0 (en) 1997-04-03 2001-03-19 Guilford Pharm Inc Biodegradable terephthalate polyester-poly (phosphate) polymers compositions articles and methods for making and using the same
US8614291B2 (en) * 1999-08-10 2013-12-24 Poly-Med, Inc. Phosphorylated polymers and conjugates thereof
US6251136B1 (en) 1999-12-08 2001-06-26 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method of layering a three-coated stent using pharmacological and polymeric agents
GB0100761D0 (en) 2001-01-11 2001-02-21 Biocompatibles Ltd Drug delivery from stents
US7713541B1 (en) 2006-11-21 2010-05-11 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Zwitterionic terpolymers, method of making and use on medical devices
US20080286332A1 (en) * 2007-05-14 2008-11-20 Pacetti Stephen D Implantable medical devices with a topcoat layer of phosphoryl choline acrylate polymer for reduced thrombosis, and improved mechanical properties
US8648167B1 (en) * 2009-11-10 2014-02-11 Stc Unm Polymer scaffold degradation control via chemical control
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Cited By (9)

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WO1993021970A1 (en) * 1992-04-24 1993-11-11 Biocompatibles Limited Method of reducing microorganism adhesion
US5798117A (en) * 1992-04-24 1998-08-25 Biocompatibles Limited Method of reducing microorganism adhesion
US5645883A (en) * 1993-01-28 1997-07-08 Biocompatibles Limited Zwitterionic materials
US5717047A (en) * 1993-01-28 1998-02-10 Biocompatibles Limited Materials
US5739237A (en) * 1994-01-28 1998-04-14 Biocompatibles Limited Materials and their use in the preparation of biocompatible surfaces
US6040415A (en) * 1997-04-17 2000-03-21 Toyobo Co., Ltd. Biocompatible polymers
WO2008075181A2 (en) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 C A Casyso Ag Apparatus and method for measuring the coagulation characteristics of a test liquid
WO2008075181A3 (en) * 2006-12-19 2008-10-23 Casyso Ag C A Apparatus and method for measuring the coagulation characteristics of a test liquid
US8322195B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2012-12-04 C A Casyso Ag Apparatus and method for measuring the coagulation characteristics of a test liquid

Also Published As

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DE3782327T2 (en) 1993-03-04
EP0275293A1 (en) 1988-07-27
DE3782327D1 (en) 1992-11-26
JP2554349B2 (en) 1996-11-13
EP0275293B1 (en) 1992-10-21
ATE81662T1 (en) 1992-11-15
JPH01500440A (en) 1989-02-16
US4792599A (en) 1988-12-20
GB8618334D0 (en) 1986-09-03

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