WO1984004198A1

WO1984004198A1 - Electromagnetic actuator apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO1984004198A1
Application number: PCT/JP1984/000098
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tokio Uetsuhara
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co
Priority date: 1983-04-15
Filing date: 1984-03-09
Publication date: 1984-10-25
Also published as: AU2579284A

Abstract

An electromagnetic actuator apparatus is provided with a fixed member (1, 28) and a movable member (2E, 23). One of the members is defined as a first magnetic member consisting of a first electromagnet, and the other is defined as a second magnetic member consisting of a permanent magnet or a second electromagnet. The movable member is reversibly and movably held at a position at which a magnetic short-circuiting circuit which provides a stable attraction is formed between the fixed member and the movable member. The electromagnetic actuator apparatus operates so as to provide a monostable or bistable state.

Description

Electromagnetic field operation equipment.

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an electromagnetic operating device which is composed of a magnetic circuit in which a fixed piece and a movable piece are combined and applies mechanical force to a valve rod, a piston, an electric circuit breaker and the like. Background technology

Conventionally, as an electromagnetic operating device, a device using an attractive force of an electromagnet or a device using a holding magnet is known.

The conventional device that operates to obtain the stable state shown in Fig. 1 (a) and C b) using the attractive force of the electromagnet is a contact pier when the fixed piece 1, which is an electromagnetic stone, is energized. A suction force is applied to the movable piece 2 to displace the movable piece 2 to perform a tripping operation of an air circuit breaker (not shown) or the like.

The fixed piece 1 is made of a U-shaped magnet, and the movable piece 2 is a rod-shaped armature magnetic material. A fulcrum 2A is formed between the fixed piece 1 and the fixed piece 1. It is wound around the coil 3, which is the winding for the electromagnet, and the fixed piece 1. Fig. 1 (a) shows a fixed piece of electric stone.

1 shows the non-excitation state, and Fig. 1 (b) shows the fixed piece 1

Are excited, the movable piece 2 is attracted, and an electric circuit breaker (not shown) or the like is tripped. However, this conventional device

Ο? Ι Had the drawbacks of a large university.

C 1) As the gap (stroke) between the fixed piece 1 and the movable piece 2 of the electromagnet increases, the attractive force has the characteristic of decreasing exponentially. For this reason, a large excitation current is required at the start of the excitation attraction, because the trip operation is performed by displacing the non-attraction state of FIG. 1 (a) to the attraction state of FIG. 1 (b). However, it was not suitable for high sensitivity and high speed operation due to its operating characteristics.

C2) The configuration had to be large due to the reason (1) above.

Next, the conventional device that operates so as to obtain a stable state using the holding magnet shown in Fig. 2 (a) Cb) is described. The fixed piece 1A is permanently attached to a part of the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet 1B. Magnet

This permanent magnet is constructed by inserting 1 C

While the movable piece 2B is attracted by the magnetic flux, the electromagnet 1B is momentarily excited in the direction opposite to the polarity of the permanent magnet 1C. As a result, the suction force acting on the movable piece 2B is reduced, and the movable piece 2B is acted upon by the mechanical force of the spring 2C or the like acting on the movable piece 2B. B was displaced to perform a tripping operation of an unillustrated electric shield or the like.

The spring 2C is connected so as to urge the movable piece 2B in the direction of the arrow 2D, and to be smaller than the attractive force of the permanent magnet 1C that acts.

In Fig. 2 (a), the electromagnet IB constituting the fixed piece JLA is

C'M? I The state where the electromagnet 1B is attracting the movable piece 2β against the force of the spring 2C in the non-excited state is shown. In Fig. 2 (b), a current is applied to the coil 3 in a direction to cancel the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet 1C, and the spring 2C has a large drag against the attractive force of the electromagnet 1B. Thus, the movable piece 2B is displaced in the direction of the arrow 2D, and an electric circuit breaker (not shown) is tripped and displaced.

In contrast to the conventional device shown in Fig. 1 (a) and Cb), this conventional device is displaced from the state in which the magnetic pole surface of the electromagnet 1B constituting the fixed piece 1A and the movable piece 2B are in attracting contact to the non-attracting state. As a result, since the tripping operation of the electric circuit breaker or the like is performed, the exciting current of the electromagnet 1B in the opposite direction to the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet iC is relatively small. The operating characteristics are relatively high in sensitivity and high speed compared with the conventional device shown in Figs. 1 (a) and 1 (b).

The mechanical force of the spring 2C for displacing the movable piece 2B is required while the force is applied, not only complicating the structure but also the magnetomotive force of the magnet 1C. However, there was a drawback that the size of the magnet 1B, which was excited to the opposite polarity, was increased.

Next, a conventional device that uses a holding magnet shown in Fig. 3 (a) and Cb) and is used mainly in the field of electric appliances and the like to obtain a bistable state will be described. Here, coils 13a and 13b are wound around a magnetic body having a large coercive force, for example, iron cores 11a and 11b to which permanent magnets 12 are connected. a, 13b, the connector 14 is connected to the

Non. 3_ Reversibly maintained in either (a) or (b)

It is what you do. For example, in the state of Fig. 3 (a), the coil

By energizing 13 a, the connection 14 is repelled and the

3 As shown in Fig. (B), the other magnetic material with a large coercive force

(F 1c magnet 1 2 is connected to iron core 1 1b).

Fig. 3 (b) state

14 is repelled and returns to the state shown in Fig. 3 (a). This conventional device changes the holding position of the armature 14 by energizing

Although it has self-holding properties, it can overcome the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 12 only to actuate the contact 14 with only the repulsive force. There is no difference from the conventional device, and a magnetic material with a large coercive force is used instead of the spring.

Next, FIG. 4 shows a conventional device that operates to obtain a bistable state used in an electric device. Here, coil 17 is held in a neutral state by fulcrum 18 in two sets of magnetic fields of electromagnet 16, and this coil 17 is charged with electricity. The magnetic material 17a wound with the coil 17 is attracted to any of the magnetic coverings of the electromagnet 16, for example, (16a and 16b or (16d and 16c)). A strong electromagnet is used to detect the presence or absence and the polarity of the minute current flowing through the coil 17. The powerful electromagnet 16 is used. A few mA

Although it is a relay that can detect a very small amount of current, there is a problem with accuracy in adjusting the contact pressure and the number of strokes.

C PI In recent years, such relays have been replaced by a single transistor circuit. Disclosure of the invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and has a small, simple, and durable electromagnetic operation which operates to obtain a monostable or bistable state with high sensitivity and high speed operation. It is intended to provide a device.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention operates so as to be in a stable or bistable state, and comprises a magnetic circuit in which a fixed piece and a movable piece are combined. Is characterized in that one of the movable pieces is a first magnetic body composed of a first electromagnet, and the other is a second magnetic substance composed of a permanent magnet or a second electromagnet.

* The invention has a simpler and more versatile structure by being configured as described above, and has the effect of operating at high speed with high sensitivity. Brief explanation of drawings

Figs. 1 (a) and (b) are explanatory diagrams of a conventional electromagnetic operating device that operates to obtain a monostable state, and Figs. 2 (a) and (b) operate to obtain a monostable state. Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of another conventional electromagnetic operating device using a holding magnet, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional electromagnetic operating device using a holding magnet that operates to obtain a bistable state, and Fig. 4 is Bistable state used for polarized electric Fig. 5 (a) and (b) of the conventional electromagnetic operating device that operates in a manner similar to Fig. 5 (a) and (b). ) Is an explanatory diagram of the second embodiment of the first present invention, FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the first embodiment of the second invention, and FIG. 8 is a second * of the second * invention. FIG. 9 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 (b) is a view similar to that of FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, * Kiyoshi will be described based on its embodiments with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) show a first embodiment of the first roasted rice cake, in which a fixed piece which is a first magnetic body formed from a first electromagnet in a rectangular shape. 1 is provided with a coil 3, which is an electric winding for an electromagnet, and is provided with a contact made of a permanent magnet; arranged so as to face both magnetic pole surfaces of a movable piece 2E, which is a second magnetic body, with a fl. Is done.

In other words, in Fig. 5 (a), in the state of coil 3 with no passage, both magnetic poles of the movable piece 2E, which is the armature, form a magnetic short circuit on both magnetic pole faces of the fixed piece 1. , In the suction state.

In this case, if a current that induces a polarity opposite to the magnetic polarity of the movable piece 2E is applied to the coil 3, the fixed piece 1 and the movable piece 2E mutually generate a mechanical repulsive force, and as shown in FIG. b) The position is displaced to the non-suction state shown in (b), and the electric cut-off (not shown) Perform trip operation of the container _ etc.

'Although the movable piece 2E as the second magnetic body uses a permanent magnet in this embodiment, a second electromagnet may be used, and the exciting current may be adjusted to adjust the attractive force. And more precise adjustment of repulsion. In addition, contrary to this embodiment, the fixed piece 1 may be configured as a second magnetic body, and the movable piece 2E may be configured as a first magnetic body. Fixed piece 1 or movable piece

2 In the case of the embodiment of the present invention in which a permanent magnet is used for one of E, the power source for tripping operation is a small battery, or a solar battery or the ground of a transmission / distribution line, and a short-circuit current energy source. It is possible to use very small amounts of electrical energy, such as giants, and there is no need to connect to a commercial power supply.

In addition, the suction force, the repulsive force or the adjustment of the tripping operation current is controlled by the second method of the first invention shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b).

As in the embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic force can be adjusted by adjusting the magnetic resistance of a closed magnetic circuit formed by the fixed piece 1D and the movable piece 2E. This fixing piece 1D bends the inner ends of the arms IE and 1E inward so as to approach each other to reduce the gap. With such a configuration, there is an advantage that the excitation current of the fixed piece 1D can be further reduced.

FIG. 7 shows a first embodiment of the second thick invention, in which two L-shaped i-th electromagnets 21 1 and 22 are connected to one of the heterogeneous magnetic poles 21 b and 22 b. Are opposed to each other via a gap so that a magnetic field 25 is formed, and the other polar magnetic poles 2 1 c and 22 c are yoke.

2 7 to form a fixed piece 28, which is used as a connector.

OMPI A combination of a movable piece 23 made of a magnetic material wound with 1 /, 23a. This movable piece 23 is connected to one terminal

23 b is positioned in the gap between the magnetic poles 21 b and 22 b of the electromagnets 21 and 22, and the other end 23 c is connected to the electromagnets 21 and 22 via the pin 24. The two magnetic poles of the electromagnets 21 and 22 are connected to each other, and both ends of the movable piece 2 3 are stably attracted to the magnetic poles 2 1 b or 22 b of the electromagnets 21 and 22. Held to form a short circuit. Coil

A power supply (not shown) is connected to 23 a, and one end 23 b of the movable piece 23 corresponds to the positive or negative characteristic of the pulse signal.

Is in the attracted state of either the magnetic pole 21b or 22b around the pin 24, that is, the position where the electromagnet 21 or 22 forms a magnetic short circuit by the movable piece 23. In addition, it is configured to be able to turn in a snap manner.

The electromagnets 21 and 22 are excited by the coils 21a and 22a, and if one of the magnets 21b of the electromagnet 21 has N polarity, the magnet 22 magnets 22b Has the S polarity, and the movable piece

Assume that one end of 2 3 is attracted to one magnetic pole 2 1 b of electromagnet 2 1, and now coil 2 3 a wound on movable piece 23

If a positive direction pulse signal is applied to the movable piece 23 to induce a magnetic raft of N-polarity at the end attracted to the magnetic pole 21b of the movable piece 23 and an S-polarity at the other end that is pin-coupled, However, the attractive force of the movable piece 23 by the electromagnet 21 instantaneously changes into a repulsive force, and at the same time, the attractive force between the S magnetism of the electromagnet 22 and 2 b and the movable piece 23 increases. Acting, the movable piece 23 has the S polarity of the magnet 22

OMPI O Snap transitions to the suction state with magnet_ 棰 22 b.

'Next, if you feed the coil 23a in the opposite direction,

23 is snap-converted again to the attraction state of the electromagnet 21 with the N Geun-like magnetic pole 21b.

In other words, the state where the movable piece 23 is attracted by the magnetic poles 21b or 22b in accordance with the polarity of the pulse signal to be energized is shown in two directions. It can be converted as a value displacement. If the magnetic fluxes of the electromagnets 21 and 22 are sufficiently large, the attractive force of the electromagnets 21 and 22 acting on the movable piece 23 can be expected to exert a sufficiently strong mechanical force. In addition, when the coil 23a is energized, the conversion driving force acting on the movable piece 23 is determined by the magnetic flux of the electromagnets 21 and 22 and the current flowing through the coil 23a. Since it is proportional to the sum of the products, it has the characteristic that conversion drive can be performed with a small and short-time pulse signal as long as the magnetic flux is made sufficiently large.

An electromagnet formed by winding the solenoid coils 21 a and 22 a for exciting the magnetic material forming the fixed piece 28 described above.

21 and 22 were used, but a permanent magnet may be used.If a permanent magnet is used, an electric power supply with excellent energy saving characteristics that attracts and holds the movable piece 23 without requiring any energy supply. A magnetic operating device can be obtained, and when an electromagnet is used, a device ′ for controlling the exciting current of the solenoid coils 21 a and 22 a for magnet excitation should be added. Thus, the magnitude of the suction force can be easily adjusted and controlled.

Next, a second embodiment of the second invention shown in FIG. 8 will be described.

OMFI When clarified, two U-shaped electromagnets 31 and 32 constituting the fixed piece 38 and two different polarity magnetic poles 31b, 32b; 31c and 32c are formed. The movable piece 33 of the magnetic material, which is a contact wound with a driving coil 33 a wound around both magnetic fields, so as to form magnetic fields 35, 36 of Position the ends 3 3b and 3 3c respectively, connect the power supply to the coil 33a, and move the movable piece 33 to one of the magnetic stones 31 or 3 2 according to the characteristics of the pulse signal. On the other hand, it is configured so that a magnetic short circuit is formed by snapping and sucking.

The electromagnets 3 1 and 3 2 are excited by exciting coils 3 1 a and 3 2 a, respectively, and on the contrary, the magnetic poles 3 1 b of the electromagnet 3 1 are set to “polarity” The magnetic pole 3 2b is S-polar, the other magnetic pole 3 1c of the electromagnet 31 is S; ji-polar, and the magnetic pole 32c of the electromagnet 32 opposite thereto is N-polar. Assuming that the movable piece 33 is attracted to both the magnets i of the electromagnet 31, the coil 33 wound around the movable piece 33 now has a positive pulse signal applied to the movable piece 33 a. Assuming that a magnetic pole of N polarity and magnetism is attracted to the magnetic pole 3 3b attracted to the magnetic pole 3 1b of 3, and a magnetic pole of S polarity is induced at the other end 3 3c attracted to S 3 1c, the electromagnet 3 The attraction force of the movable piece 33 by 1 instantaneously changes to a repulsive force, and at the same time, the attraction force acts on the electromagnet 32 and the movable piece 33, so that the attraction state by the electromagnet 32 is snap-like. Transfer to I do.

Next, if a signal in the opposite direction is supplied to coil 33a, The moving piece 33 is again snapped to the state of attraction of the electromagnet 31. That is, in accordance with the polarity of the pulse signal supplied to the coil 33a, the attraction by the electromagnet 31 or the electromagnet 32 of the movable piece 33 is regarded as a binary displacement with respect to each other. If the magnetic flux generated by the electromagnets 31 and 32 is sufficiently large, the attractive force of the electromagnets 31 and 32 acting on the movable piece 33 can be expected to have a sufficiently strong mechanical force. You. In addition, the conversion driving force acting on the movable piece 33 by energizing the coil 33a is the magnetic flux generated by the electromagnets 31 and 32 and the current flowing through the coil 33a. Since it is proportional to the sum of the products, the switching drive can be performed with a small and short-time pulse signal under the condition that the magnetic flux is sufficiently large.

As the magnetic material constituting the fixed piece 38, the electromagnets 31 and 32 wound with the coils 31a and 32a are used, but permanent magnets may be used. A device for controlling the excitation current of the excitation solenoid coils 31 and 3'2a may be added.

7 and 8, the movable piece 33, which is an armature, is a permanent magnet, and the fixed piece 38 is a drive solenoid coil for supplying a microcurrent pulse signal. Of course, it can be formed by the electromagnets 31 and 32 on which the coils are wound. With this configuration, it is possible to obtain an electromagnetic operating device that does not require electricity except during the suction position change operation and has extremely energy-saving characteristics.

FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b) show a third embodiment of the second invention. Is shown.

-The hollow cylindrical electromagnets 4 1, 4 2 are brought into contact in the axial direction in the same direction to form a fixed piece 4 8, and a cylindrical coil 4 1 a, 4 is formed on the inner surface parallel to the cylindrical axis. 2a is wound, and the joints 4110 and 42½ are made common, and the magnets 4115 and 420 generate magnetic poles that serve as the same pole plug.

The cylindrical permanent magnet 43 constituting the movable piece 47 is joined at its center by a cylindrical iron 45 to form a hollow cylindrical electromagnet.

The iron 45 is supported concentrically in the joints 41c and 42b of the electromagnets 41 and 42 so as to be slidable in the axial direction.

The permanent magnets 43 are located at both ends in the gap formed by the inner ends (41b and 41c) and (42b and 42c) of the electromagnets 41 and 42. Opposing the ends of the electromagnets 41 and 2 through the gap 44, the permanent magnets 4 and 4 correspond to the characteristics of the microcurrent pulse signal applied to the coils 4 la and 42 a. 3 reversibly snaps to a position where the end face attracts either of the magnetic poles 41b or 42c, and stably holds that position.

The last embodiment has the characteristics of a solenoid type electromagnet. While the embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8 have the characteristics of a clapper type electromagnet, they are attracted by a relatively strong stroke. It has characteristics that can be applied economically when the power is weak, and has excellent performance such as low leakage of the magnetic circuit.

As described above, the embodiment of the magnetic attraction and repulsion The following effects can be achieved by the rational use of force _.

(1) In the thick embodiment, the fixed piece and the movable piece are displaced from the suction state to the non-suction state, and the tripping operation of the electric shield, etc. is performed. It is operated at high speed.

For example, a mechanical displacement of about 100 GX1.5 mmX10 ms can be operated with an electric energy of about 1X10-S (W.S).

(2) Since there is no need to apply a mechanical external force due to a spring or the like, the structure is simple, compact, flexible, and suitable for mass production and inexpensive.

(3) Since it is operated with a very small excitation current, long-distance remote control can be economically performed. (I) industrial applicability;

As described above, the large invention is operated with a very small excitation current, so there is not enough energy to ignite flammable gas, etc., so it can be used as a * safety explosion-proof device in factories and mines. Other circuit breakers, solenoid operated valves, etc., electric switches, electromagnetic locks, electromagnetic display devices, and various other industrial and consumer applications can be used effectively.

Cao o

Claims

The scope of the claims .

It is composed of a magnetic circuit in which a fixed piece and a movable piece are combined. One of the fixed piece and the movable piece is a first magnetic body composed of a first electromagnet, and the other is a first magnetic body composed of a permanent magnet or a second electromagnet. The movable piece is reversibly movable at one position forming a magnetic short circuit in a stable suction state between the fixed piece and the movable piece.

An electromagnetic operating device characterized by the above.

It is composed of a magnetic circuit in which a fixed piece and a movable piece are combined. One of the fixed piece and the movable piece is a first magnetic body composed of a first electromagnet, and the other is a permanent magnet or a second magnet.

The movable piece is a second magnetic body composed of two electromagnets, and the movable piece is formed into a magnetic short circuit that is in a stable attraction state between the fixed piece and the movable piece. The fixed piece has a pair of different magnetic contact surfaces of two magnets facing each other via a gap to form a magnetic field, and the other pair of different magnetic S magnetic pole surfaces Are connected by iron, and the movable piece is for driving.

A magnetic armature wound with a solenoid coil, one end of the armature was positioned in the magnetic field in the gap, and the other end was connected to the arrowhead iron via a pin. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 2.

The fixed piece is a magnetic body having a driving solenoid coil wound thereon and both end faces facing each other via a gap.

ΟΜΡΙ A permanent magnet, wherein one pole end of the permanent magnet is located in the gap and the other pole end is connected to an intermediate portion of the magnetic body via a pin; 2. The electromagnetic operating device according to item 2, wherein

5 The fixed piece faces the heterogeneous magnetic pole surface with a gap

Two movable magnets are arranged so as to form two magnetic fields, the movable piece is a magnetic armature wound around a driving solenoid coil, and both ends of the armature 3. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 2, wherein each of the electromagnetic operating devices is located in the two magnetic fields in the gap.

6 The fixed piece is connected to two magnetic bodies by a solenoid

The movable piece is a permanent magnet, and the movable piece is a permanent magnet, and the movable piece is a permanent magnet. 3. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 2, wherein both magnetic pole ends of the magnetic operating device are positioned in the two magnetic fields in the gap.

OMPI