WO1981000476A1 - Machine readable code - Google Patents
Machine readable code Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1981000476A1 WO1981000476A1 PCT/US1980/000939 US8000939W WO8100476A1 WO 1981000476 A1 WO1981000476 A1 WO 1981000476A1 US 8000939 W US8000939 W US 8000939W WO 8100476 A1 WO8100476 A1 WO 8100476A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- areas
- machine readable
- code
- readable code
- dots
- Prior art date
Links
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- KKEBXNMGHUCPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-1-(2-sulfanylethyl)imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)N(CCS)CC1C1=CC=CC=C1 KKEBXNMGHUCPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001282736 Oriens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
- G06K19/06037—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking multi-dimensional coding
Definitions
- This invention relates to machine readable codes of the kind including a plurality of areas, each area having a selected one of first and second charac ⁇ teristics to represent information, said areas being arranged in rows and columns extending in first and second directions to represent characters by respective patterns of said areas extending in said second di- rection.
- the invention also relates to record members provided with data encoded in a machine readable code of the kind specified.
- a machine readable code of the kind specified is known for example from the code employed with con ⁇ ventional punched tape wherein characters are repre ⁇ sented by holes punched in selected ones of a prede ⁇ termined number of tracks extending along the length of the tape.
- the tape is sensed by a stationary sensing device including a plurality of photodetectors as ⁇ sociated with respective tape tracks.
- the known code has the disadvantage of being unsuitable for sensing by a manually operable sensing device since misalignment between the tape tracks and the photodetectors will lead to errors in the recovered data.
- OMPI / ,_ VvIFO kind specified characterized in that the patterns representing respective characters are repeated in the second direction whereby said code is adapted to be read with a field of reading which is smaller in said second direction than the extent of the columns in said second direction.
- a machine readable code of the kind specified characterized in that each of said sequences representing a given character is such that no block of n consecutive areas therein, where n is a predetermined number less than m, occurs in the se ⁇ quences representing any other character.
- a record member carrying data encoded in a machine readable code according to either one of the preceding two paragraphs.
- a machine readable code according to the present invention has the advantage of being adapted to be printed by a conventional dot matrix printer such as a wire or needle matrix printer, a thermal printer or an ink jet printer. Another advantage is that the code is capable of providing an error detecting capability. Still another advantage is that the code provides a high density of encoded data in comparison with bar codes, such as the universal product (UPC) code, wherein ad ⁇ jacent bars which may be of different width are adapted for scanning along a path intersecting all the bars.
- UPC universal product
- Figs. 1A and IB represent a plan view of a matrix code with repeated patterns in a preferred em- bodiment of the present invention, together with a reader for reading the code;
- Figs. 2A and 2B represent a plan view of the matrix code shown in Figs. 1A and IB and depicting a particular application thereof, along with a reader for sensing the code;
- Fig. 3 is the same view as Fig. 2A with the code shown in evenly spaced dot matrix manner.
- charac- ters are represented digitally by regularly and evenly spaced parallel columns of dots and binary information is conveyed by presence or absence of a dot at any specific location on the record medium or paper.
- the possible locations for dots will be spaced along the columns so that the minimum dot-to-dot distance in one column is the same as the distance between columns and the distance between rows of dots, although other column and row spacings may find useful application.
- the possible locations for dots form a regular array, grid or matrix with the dot columns running vertically and the dot rows running horizontally.
- Detection of the dots is to be performed by an optical sensor or reader which has a similar, but possibly dimensionally different, grid structure, one axis of which is aligned with the code grid within a few degrees.
- the grid structure of the optical sensor may be a single column of sense elements arrayed approximately in the vertical or Y direction. If the sensor is in a hand-held wand, the mechanical, electronic and digital systems must correct for or prevent errors arising from non-ideal orien ⁇ tation and motion of the wand.
- the matrix code refers to the representation of one character by a single column of marks regularly spaced in a line, one class of mark representing binary one and a second class of mark representing binary zero.
- a black mark can represent binary one and a white mark or absence of black can represent binary zero, with the array of printed rows and columns of dots being a symbol and the overall invention being identified as a symbolic coding method.
- angular tracking error or drift may be corrected by repeating the n bits of the code for one character once or several times in a single column having m bit positions (m > n).
- the vertical height of the sensor or reader in the plane of the paper will be such that at least one full n-bit code height is detected regardless of the position of the sensor along the column of m dots.
- Codes which can be converted into one another by cyclic permutation will be considered equivalent and will represent the same character or data.
- Cyclic permutation indicates or signifies that any bit may be the start bit when the code is arranged in an imaginary circle of exactly n bits around the circumference, such codes, which can be uniquely recognized without re ⁇ ference to a particular start bit, will be referred to as cyclic patterns or codes.
- cyclic patterns or codes Such codes, which can be uniquely recognized without re ⁇ ference to a particular start bit, will be referred to as cyclic patterns or codes.
- Cyclic code patterns have inherent error de ⁇ tection capability of two types. First, since the machine will reject any code which is not a cyclic pattern and since the cyclic patterns are a small fraction of all possible patterns having the same number of bits,
- Velocity error is corrected by including repeated rows of dots in a vertical direction in the printed symbol which are not recognized as code but as timing or fiduciary marks. As an example, a three-row
- a code is represented by 11 dots on 0.38 mm. centers repeated four times in a vertical direction, the symbol is 16.7 mm. high and the sensor field needs to be approximately 5.1 mm. to see the 11 significant dots and have one or two guard dots on each end.
- the 11 cyclic dots can be arrayed in 188 unique ways and can represent a complete upper and lower case alpha font with numerics and symbols.
- the reader or sensor field of view is less than the length of a repeated vertical column of dots.
- the column of dots may contain as many as 50 dots but any 11 dots in sequence can be decoded to represent the character in question regardless of which dot is taken as the first bit of the code. If, for example, the reader or sensor is wide enough to always detect 13 dots reliably, the logic can pick out a sequence of 11 dots and uniquely assign the proper character. In this manner, the operator of the sensor can drift from top to bottom or from bottom to top of the repeated symbol without making errors as the symbol is scanned from left to right or from right to left all within the capa ⁇ bilities of the system.
- matrix printers selectively deposit dots on the record medium or paper at locations which specify a regularly spaced grid and the presence or absence of such dots at the spaced locations along one column of the grid represent the bits of an n-bit binary number or code.
- the binary data is repeated several times along each column and only those binary codes are used which can be uniquely recognized in any cyclic order without reference to most and least significant bits.
- the printed codes are read with the optical reader or sensor which has at least n optical elements arrayed in a line approxi ⁇ mately parallel (within the precision of hand align ⁇ ment) to the columns of the code. The sensor is moved in a direction approximately perpendicular to the code columns so as to detect the sequence of codes.
- Figs. 1A and IB illustrate a preferred em ⁇ bodiment of a dot matrix code 10 of the present inven ⁇ tion wherein such code comprises rows 12 of dots in the direction and columns 14 of dots in the Y direction.
- the particular code illustrated shows a combination of dots and spaces totaling nine and arranged in the Y direction to comprise a 9-bit code for each character. Reading or counting from the top of Fig. 1A and in the case of the letter "A", the code has eight vertical dots and a space, the letter “B” has seven vertical dots and two spaces and the letter “C” has four vertical dots, a
- a 9-bit code g is usually taken to represent a maximum of 2 or 512 possible different characters. However, only 58 of these characters, excluding full and empty columns, are unique in cyclic form. it is readily seen from the dot matrix codes of Figs. 1A and IB that the 9-bit code for each letter or numeral is repeated once in the Y direction to form the redundant pattern.
- the spacing of the dots is arbitrary and is employed specifically for convenience in showing the dots separated from each other in the Y direction for ease of illustration and for permitting adequate space for showing the letters and numerals in the X direction.
- the spacing or distance between dots, as represented by “a” and by “b” may be reduced to zero so that the adjacent dots are touching, as can be accomplished where the codes are printed by a dot matrix printer of any one of the several kinds as mentioned above.
- a common matrix printer may have almost any desired dot spacing in the X direction and with little modification any desired dot spacing in the Y direction.
- a reader 16 is shown at the left side of Fig.
- the dot matrix code which reader, for example, may be a wand-type reader as manufactured by Caere Corporation, of Mountain View, California.
- the reader 16 has a field of view sufficiently wide to cover more than nine dots and/or spaces in the Y direction so as to always see a full 9-bit code, regardless of how the wand is positioned vertically within the code area. As long as the reader is moved along a path through the repeated dot matrix code, the character represented by the vertical column of dots and spaces is sensed or read
- the reader 16 can move in a slanted or skewed manner across the code pattern, as seen in Fig. IB, wherein it is well-known that a hand ⁇ held wand reader does not always travel along a precise line or plane when reading the code. In this respect, the logic of the control system is intended to correct for the skew of the reader.
- Figs. 2A and 2B illustrate a particular application of the redundant pattern code 40 in spel ⁇ ling out a "58-character alpha numeric dot code" to ⁇ gether with a reader 42.
- the single dot 48 is end of transmission and the column of dots 49 is a space or blank character of the symbol.
- Fig. 3 represents the identical code as Fig. 2A with the code shown in evenly spaced dot matrix manner.
- Fig. 2A illustrates the start of the symbol by use of a pair of fully-populated columns, a blank column, and another pair of fully-populated dot columns at the left side of the code for indicating start of code.
- the right side of the code shows a single fully- populated dot column, a blank column and a pair of fully-populated columns for indicating finish of code.
- the repeated single dot 48 in Fig. 2B indicates the end of transmission and is printed prior to the symbol for end of code.
- the pattern of columns of dots for start and finish of the symbol may be v.aried to operate with the array of elements of the reader and also in timing sequence to allow for precise reading of the symbol. In the matter of error detection, it can be seen from Fig.
- the reader 42 is sufficiently wide to cover any combination of eleven dots and/or spaces to always see a full 9-bit code.
- the reader 42 is moved toward the right and detects a code pattern for such letter which includes a single dot, a space, six dots and a space, which includes a space, six dots, a space
- ⁇ ⁇ RE ⁇ and a single dot, and which includes six dots, a space, a single dot and a space.
- the several 9-bit groups are all detected and are complete patterns for the letter "C". If a different result is indicated for any one of these patterns, an error has occurred which may be caused by dirt, a missing dot, or an electronic failure of a sort. In any event, the operator would be alerted to sweep the wand across the code a second time. In this manner the error detection scheme works better whe the reader sees at least one full n-bit code and pre ⁇ ferably more than the minimum number of bits required t correctly identify a perfectly printed pattern.
- Variou methods exist which use the error detection method as a base to perform error correction.
Abstract
A machine readable code (10) in the form of a matrix array of dots arranged in rows and columns represents characters by respective columns of m dots. Each column contains a repeated n-bit pattern and is such that no block of n consecutive bit positions occurs in the column representing any other character, all the blocks of n consecutive bit positions within a given column being related by cyclic permutation. The code reader (16) Spans more than n bit positions but less than a full column.
Description
MACHINE READABLE CODE
Technical Field
This invention relates to machine readable codes of the kind including a plurality of areas, each area having a selected one of first and second charac¬ teristics to represent information, said areas being arranged in rows and columns extending in first and second directions to represent characters by respective patterns of said areas extending in said second di- rection.
The invention also relates to record members provided with data encoded in a machine readable code of the kind specified.
Background Art A machine readable code of the kind specified is known for example from the code employed with con¬ ventional punched tape wherein characters are repre¬ sented by holes punched in selected ones of a prede¬ termined number of tracks extending along the length of the tape. For example, it is common practice to utilize an 8-track code including seven data tracks plus a parity track. The tape is sensed by a stationary sensing device including a plurality of photodetectors as¬ sociated with respective tape tracks. The known code has the disadvantage of being unsuitable for sensing by a manually operable sensing device since misalignment between the tape tracks and the photodetectors will lead to errors in the recovered data.
Disclosure of the Invention It is an object of the present invention to provide a machine readable code wherein the aforemen¬ tioned disadvantage is alleviated.
Therefore, according to the present inven¬ tion, there is provided a machine readable code of the
OMPI / ,_ VvIFO
kind specified, characterized in that the patterns representing respective characters are repeated in the second direction whereby said code is adapted to be read with a field of reading which is smaller in said second direction than the extent of the columns in said second direction.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine readable code of the kind specified characterized in that each of said sequences representing a given character is such that no block of n consecutive areas therein, where n is a predetermined number less than m, occurs in the se¬ quences representing any other character.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a record member carrying data encoded in a machine readable code according to either one of the preceding two paragraphs.
A machine readable code according to the present invention has the advantage of being adapted to be printed by a conventional dot matrix printer such as a wire or needle matrix printer, a thermal printer or an ink jet printer. Another advantage is that the code is capable of providing an error detecting capability. Still another advantage is that the code provides a high density of encoded data in comparison with bar codes, such as the universal product (UPC) code, wherein ad¬ jacent bars which may be of different width are adapted for scanning along a path intersecting all the bars.
Brief Description of the Drawings One embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which;-
Figs. 1A and IB represent a plan view of a matrix code with repeated patterns in a preferred em- bodiment of the present invention, together with a reader for reading the code;
Figs. 2A and 2B represent a plan view of the matrix code shown in Figs. 1A and IB and depicting a particular application thereof, along with a reader for sensing the code; and Fig. 3 is the same view as Fig. 2A with the code shown in evenly spaced dot matrix manner.
Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
Prior to describing the several figures, it should be stated that in the preferred embodiment charac- ters are represented digitally by regularly and evenly spaced parallel columns of dots and binary information is conveyed by presence or absence of a dot at any specific location on the record medium or paper. The possible locations for dots will be spaced along the columns so that the minimum dot-to-dot distance in one column is the same as the distance between columns and the distance between rows of dots, although other column and row spacings may find useful application. Thus the possible locations for dots form a regular array, grid or matrix with the dot columns running vertically and the dot rows running horizontally.
Detection of the dots is to be performed by an optical sensor or reader which has a similar, but possibly dimensionally different, grid structure, one axis of which is aligned with the code grid within a few degrees. As a special case, the grid structure of the optical sensor may be a single column of sense elements arrayed approximately in the vertical or Y direction. If the sensor is in a hand-held wand, the mechanical, electronic and digital systems must correct for or prevent errors arising from non-ideal orien¬ tation and motion of the wand. In such a wand or like hand-held reading device, accurate alignment is ex¬ tremely difficult or almost impossible to achieve and, generally, any one element of the sensor array scans a different part of each code pattern each and every time
the device makes another sweep across the record medium. The system must be capable, within limits of course, of making sense of and identifying the data regardless of what part of the sensor array passes over any particular part of the character pattern. Additionally, dot matrix printers are not perfect in their certainty of laying down dots of required optical contrast and spurious "dots" may appear which are caused by dirt or by defects in the record medium or paper.
The matrix code refers to the representation of one character by a single column of marks regularly spaced in a line, one class of mark representing binary one and a second class of mark representing binary zero. A black mark can represent binary one and a white mark or absence of black can represent binary zero, with the array of printed rows and columns of dots being a symbol and the overall invention being identified as a symbolic coding method.
In an arrangement of vertical dot columns of code, angular tracking error or drift may be corrected by repeating the n bits of the code for one character once or several times in a single column having m bit positions (m > n). The vertical height of the sensor or reader in the plane of the paper will be such that at least one full n-bit code height is detected regardless of the position of the sensor along the column of m dots. Codes which can be converted into one another by cyclic permutation will be considered equivalent and will represent the same character or data. Cyclic permutation indicates or signifies that any bit may be the start bit when the code is arranged in an imaginary circle of exactly n bits around the circumference, such codes, which can be uniquely recognized without re¬ ference to a particular start bit, will be referred to as cyclic patterns or codes. Thus if the code is re- peated several times in a vertical column by joining start to end bits, the reader or sensor can select any n
O
bits from the vertical column of dots and uniquely identify the code. In this manner the sensor is nar¬ rower than the repeated vertical rows of dots and the code represents a redundant pattern.
5 Cyclic code patterns have inherent error de¬ tection capability of two types. First, since the machine will reject any code which is not a cyclic pattern and since the cyclic patterns are a small fraction of all possible patterns having the same number of bits,
10 errors consisting of unwanted marks on the medium or of missing dots have a low probability of changing a valid cyclic pattern into another acceptable pattern. Such errors will thua be detected and an alert can be given to the operator. Second, since the reader is larger in
I**--1 vertical extent than the length of one complete n-bit pattern, the machine can recognize more than one con¬ tiguous group of n dots and spaces to be decoded. All of these groups in any one column can be decoded during the reading period and must correspond to the same
2**-* character. If not, the machine will signal an error.
Velocity error is corrected by including repeated rows of dots in a vertical direction in the printed symbol which are not recognized as code but as timing or fiduciary marks. As an example, a three-row
2 combination of all white, all black, and all white marks could easily be sensed by a sensor or wand. The rate of occurrence of such marks would be analyzed to give probe velocity and thus used to generate a data clock. Further, the inclination or skew of the probe
30 can be deduced from the sequence of times at which different sense elements of the probe pass over any one timing row. All of the data in the following codes would be corrected for the timing errors introduced by the slant or skew of the reader on the assumption that 5 the angle was changing slowly.
As an example, if a code is represented by 11 dots on 0.38 mm. centers repeated four times in a
vertical direction, the symbol is 16.7 mm. high and the sensor field needs to be approximately 5.1 mm. to see the 11 significant dots and have one or two guard dots on each end. The 11 cyclic dots can be arrayed in 188 unique ways and can represent a complete upper and lower case alpha font with numerics and symbols.
It is possible to provide about 26 vertical columns of such dots per horizontal centimetre and if three columns of each set of 11 columns are used for timing marks, the symbol will represent about 19 charac¬ ters per horizontal centimetre. If the symbols are spaced on 2.54 cm. centers vertically and 17.8 cm. of the paper width is used, 178 cm. of symbol or 3360 characters per 21.6 cm. by 28 cm. page can be printed, which is about equal to the number of characters on a single spaced typewritten page of human readable print.
In the preferred embodiment of the inven¬ tion, the reader or sensor field of view is less than the length of a repeated vertical column of dots. The column of dots may contain as many as 50 dots but any 11 dots in sequence can be decoded to represent the character in question regardless of which dot is taken as the first bit of the code. If, for example, the reader or sensor is wide enough to always detect 13 dots reliably, the logic can pick out a sequence of 11 dots and uniquely assign the proper character. In this manner, the operator of the sensor can drift from top to bottom or from bottom to top of the repeated symbol without making errors as the symbol is scanned from left to right or from right to left all within the capa¬ bilities of the system.
There is an implication in all suggested code systems that allows for misalignment between sensor and code, which is that errors must not arise when the field of view of one sense element overlaps two pattern ele¬ ments. One solution is to use a fine "grained" sensor so that each pattern element will always encompass the
full field of view of at least one sensor element. The system logic then decides which sensor elements are "pure" in that they convey the signal from only one pattern element, and which sensor elements are "mixed" and must either be corrected or ignored. It is believed that, when applied to the present invention, the center- to-center spacing of view fields of the sense elements must be less than or equal to one-half the minimum center-to-center spacing of printed dots.
As mentioned previously, matrix printers selectively deposit dots on the record medium or paper at locations which specify a regularly spaced grid and the presence or absence of such dots at the spaced locations along one column of the grid represent the bits of an n-bit binary number or code. The binary data is repeated several times along each column and only those binary codes are used which can be uniquely recognized in any cyclic order without reference to most and least significant bits. The printed codes are read with the optical reader or sensor which has at least n optical elements arrayed in a line approxi¬ mately parallel (within the precision of hand align¬ ment) to the columns of the code. The sensor is moved in a direction approximately perpendicular to the code columns so as to detect the sequence of codes.
Referring now to the several Figures of the drawing, Figs. 1A and IB illustrate a preferred em¬ bodiment of a dot matrix code 10 of the present inven¬ tion wherein such code comprises rows 12 of dots in the direction and columns 14 of dots in the Y direction. The particular code illustrated shows a combination of dots and spaces totaling nine and arranged in the Y direction to comprise a 9-bit code for each character. Reading or counting from the top of Fig. 1A and in the case of the letter "A", the code has eight vertical dots and a space, the letter "B" has seven vertical dots and two spaces and the letter "C" has four vertical dots, a
/
space, a single dot, a space and two dots. The code for letter "C" could equally well be considered to cover six dots, a space, a single dot and a space. The presence of dots or the absence of dots make up the matrix code for the respective letters and numerals. A 9-bit code g is usually taken to represent a maximum of 2 or 512 possible different characters. However, only 58 of these characters, excluding full and empty columns, are unique in cyclic form. it is readily seen from the dot matrix codes of Figs. 1A and IB that the 9-bit code for each letter or numeral is repeated once in the Y direction to form the redundant pattern. The spacing of the dots is arbitrary and is employed specifically for convenience in showing the dots separated from each other in the Y direction for ease of illustration and for permitting adequate space for showing the letters and numerals in the X direction. For example, the spacing or distance between dots, as represented by "a" and by "b" may be reduced to zero so that the adjacent dots are touching, as can be accomplished where the codes are printed by a dot matrix printer of any one of the several kinds as mentioned above. A common matrix printer may have almost any desired dot spacing in the X direction and with little modification any desired dot spacing in the Y direction. A reader 16 is shown at the left side of Fig. 1A for reading the dot matrix code, which reader, for example, may be a wand-type reader as manufactured by Caere Corporation, of Mountain View, California. The reader 16 has a field of view sufficiently wide to cover more than nine dots and/or spaces in the Y direction so as to always see a full 9-bit code, regardless of how the wand is positioned vertically within the code area. As long as the reader is moved along a path through the repeated dot matrix code, the character represented by the vertical column of dots and spaces is sensed or read
OMP
and retrieved for future use. The reader 16 can move in a slanted or skewed manner across the code pattern, as seen in Fig. IB, wherein it is well-known that a hand¬ held wand reader does not always travel along a precise line or plane when reading the code. In this respect, the logic of the control system is intended to correct for the skew of the reader.
Figs. 2A and 2B illustrate a particular application of the redundant pattern code 40 in spel¬ ling out a "58-character alpha numeric dot code" to¬ gether with a reader 42. The single dot 48 is end of transmission and the column of dots 49 is a space or blank character of the symbol.
Fig. 3 represents the identical code as Fig. 2A with the code shown in evenly spaced dot matrix manner.
Fig. 2A illustrates the start of the symbol by use of a pair of fully-populated columns, a blank column, and another pair of fully-populated dot columns at the left side of the code for indicating start of code. The right side of the code, Fig. 2B, shows a single fully- populated dot column, a blank column and a pair of fully-populated columns for indicating finish of code. The repeated single dot 48 in Fig. 2B indicates the end of transmission and is printed prior to the symbol for end of code. The pattern of columns of dots for start and finish of the symbol may be v.aried to operate with the array of elements of the reader and also in timing sequence to allow for precise reading of the symbol. In the matter of error detection, it can be seen from Fig. 2A, for example, that the reader 42 is sufficiently wide to cover any combination of eleven dots and/or spaces to always see a full 9-bit code. In the case of the letter "C", the reader 42 is moved toward the right and detects a code pattern for such letter which includes a single dot, a space, six dots and a space, which includes a space, six dots, a space
■^ϋRE }
and a single dot, and which includes six dots, a space, a single dot and a space. The several 9-bit groups are all detected and are complete patterns for the letter "C". If a different result is indicated for any one of these patterns, an error has occurred which may be caused by dirt, a missing dot, or an electronic failure of a sort. In any event, the operator would be alerted to sweep the wand across the code a second time. In this manner the error detection scheme works better whe the reader sees at least one full n-bit code and pre¬ ferably more than the minimum number of bits required t correctly identify a perfectly printed pattern. Variou methods exist which use the error detection method as a base to perform error correction. it is thus seen that herein shown and des¬ cribed is a high-density dot matrix code which has repeated patterns in one direction representing charac¬ ters to be read in a direction generally normal to the patterns. The code and the reading thereof enables the accomplishment of the objects and advantages mentioned above, and while a preferred embodiment of the inventio has been disclosed herein, other variations beyond thos herein mentioned may occur to those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A machine readable code (10) including a plurality of areas, each area having a selected one of first and second characteristics to represent in¬ formation, said areas being arranged in rows and columns extending in first and second directions to represent characters by respective patterns of said areas ex¬ tending in said second direction, characterized in that the patterns representing respective characters are repeated in the second direction whereby said code is adapted to be read with a field of reading which is smaller in said second direction than the extent of the columns in said second direction.
2. A record member according to claim 1, characterized in that said first and second charac¬ teristics are formed by the respective presence and absence of a dot in said areas.
3. A machine readable code according to claim 2, characterized in that the start and finish of coded data are represented by respective start and finish symbols each containing at least one column (44) consisting entirely of dots and at least one empty column (46) .
4. A machine readable code according to claim 1, characterized in that said areas are equally spaced in parallel rows and columns.
5. A machine readable code (10) including a plurality of areas, each area having a selected one of first and second characteristics to represent in¬ formation, said areas being arranged in rows and columns extending in first and second directions to represent characters by sequences of m areas extending in said
^TSREJT
GMPI
( 5 . ( concluded ) second direction, characterized in that each of said sequences representing a given character is such that no block of n consecutive areas therein, where n is a predetermined number less than m, occurs in the se¬ quences representing any other character.
6. A machine readable code according to claim 5, characterized in that all of said blocks of n consecutive areas within any of said sequences repre¬ senting a given character are related by cyclic per¬ mutation.
7. A machine readable code according to claim 6, characterized in that the field of reading (42) covers more than n but less than m consecutive areas.
8. A machine readable code according to claim 7, characterized in that the field of reading (42) is adapted to move relative to the code in said second direction.
9. A record member carrying data encoded in a machine readable code according to any one of the preceding claims.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE8080901605T DE3068191D1 (en) | 1979-08-01 | 1980-07-18 | Machine readable code |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/062,650 US4263504A (en) | 1979-08-01 | 1979-08-01 | High density matrix code |
US62650 | 1979-08-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1981000476A1 true WO1981000476A1 (en) | 1981-02-19 |
Family
ID=22043909
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1980/000939 WO1981000476A1 (en) | 1979-08-01 | 1980-07-18 | Machine readable code |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4263504A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0033336B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS56500983A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1145847A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3068191D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1981000476A1 (en) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0085749A2 (en) * | 1982-02-09 | 1983-08-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Machine readable record |
EP0114666A2 (en) * | 1983-01-21 | 1984-08-01 | Gebhardt Fördertechnik GmbH | Device for reading printings on a moving article |
FR2565383A1 (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1985-12-06 | Imaje Sa | METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING A PRODUCT INTENDED TO PREVENT ANY FRAUD AND DEVICE IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD |
FR2565384A1 (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1985-12-06 | Imaje Sa | PROCESS FOR MARKING PRODUCTS IN CONNECTION WITH AN ORGANISM CHARGED FOR CONTROLLING THIS MARKING |
FR2586122A1 (en) * | 1985-08-06 | 1987-02-13 | Pitney Bowes Inc | POSTING MACHINE WITH INFORMATION CODE IN THE INDEX |
FR2603721A1 (en) * | 1986-09-05 | 1988-03-11 | Pitney Bowes Inc | SECURITY PRINTER FOR POSTAL SIGN PRINTING AND METHOD OF USING SAME |
EP0421491A2 (en) * | 1983-07-18 | 1991-04-10 | Pitney Bowes, Inc. | System for the printing and reading of encrypted messages |
WO1992000576A1 (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1992-01-09 | United Parcel Service Of America, Inc. | Low resolution target acquisition |
DE4107020A1 (en) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-09-10 | Franzis Verlag Gmbh | Two=dimensional data storage on printable or photographic medium - is for hand held scanners, involves blocking binary input data according to scanner capacity, arranging in matrix form, adding synchronising characteristics and test bits |
FR2705480A1 (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-11-25 | Cherloc | Document carrying an image or text and provided with an indexing frame, and associated document analysis system. |
EP0665510A1 (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1995-08-02 | TOMIOKA, Makoto | Two dimensional code sheet for processing data |
WO1997026619A1 (en) * | 1996-01-15 | 1997-07-24 | Philip Richardson | Data encoding and decoding systems |
EP0887765A2 (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 1998-12-30 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Dot code and code reading apparatus |
GB2428502A (en) * | 2005-07-18 | 2007-01-31 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Data encoding pattern |
DE10307775B4 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2008-04-17 | Tropf, Hermann, Dipl.-Ing. | Patterned code with robust decoding, in particular signal code, decoding method, decoding device, reading device, and data carrier with program |
Families Citing this family (100)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2525003B1 (en) * | 1982-04-08 | 1987-12-11 | Gascuel Jean Paul | METHOD FOR READING A TEXT PRINTED BY A NEEDLE HEAD AND READ HEAD FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
US4786792A (en) * | 1983-10-12 | 1988-11-22 | Drexler Technology Corporation | Transmissively read quad density optical data system |
US4782221A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1988-11-01 | Cauzin Systems, Incorporated | Printed data strip including bit-encoded information and scanner control |
US4692603A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1987-09-08 | Cauzin Systems, Incorporated | Optical reader for printed bit-encoded data and method of reading same |
NL8501460A (en) * | 1985-05-22 | 1986-12-16 | Philips Nv | METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING OBJECTS INCLUDING A CODE FIELD WITH DOT CODE, DEVICE FOR IDENTIFYING SUCH A DOT CODE, AND PRODUCT USING SUCH A DOT CODE |
NL8600849A (en) * | 1986-04-03 | 1987-11-02 | Philips Nv | DEVICE FOR OPTICALLY IDENTIFYING ARTICLES. |
US4914623A (en) * | 1986-09-18 | 1990-04-03 | Hudson-Allen Limited | Digital processing of sensor signals for reading binary storage media |
ATE114376T1 (en) * | 1987-07-11 | 1994-12-15 | Hirokazu Yoshida | PROCEDURE FOR READING SHEETS WITH IDENTIFICATION CODE. |
US5204515A (en) * | 1987-07-11 | 1993-04-20 | Teiryo Sangyo Co., Ltd. | Method of reading identification code sheets using borders to determine scan angle |
US4924078A (en) * | 1987-11-25 | 1990-05-08 | Sant Anselmo Carl | Identification symbol, system and method |
US4939354A (en) * | 1988-05-05 | 1990-07-03 | Datacode International, Inc. | Dynamically variable machine readable binary code and method for reading and producing thereof |
US5547839A (en) * | 1989-06-07 | 1996-08-20 | Affymax Technologies N.V. | Sequencing of surface immobilized polymers utilizing microflourescence detection |
US5223701A (en) * | 1990-10-30 | 1993-06-29 | Ommiplanar Inc. | System method and apparatus using multiple resolution machine readable symbols |
US5153418A (en) * | 1990-10-30 | 1992-10-06 | Omniplanar, Inc. | Multiple resolution machine readable symbols |
US5170044A (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1992-12-08 | Pitney Bowes Inc. | Error tolerant 3x3 bit-map coding of binary data and method of decoding |
DE69132843T2 (en) * | 1990-12-06 | 2002-09-12 | Affymetrix Inc N D Ges D Staat | Identification of nucleic acids in samples |
EP0539854B1 (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1999-03-17 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method and apparatus for the detection of dot-matrix printed text so as to improve optical character recognition |
US5357581A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1994-10-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method and apparatus for the selective filtering of dot-matrix printed characters so as to improve optical character recognition |
US5212741A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-05-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Preprocessing of dot-matrix/ink-jet printed text for Optical Character Recognition |
US5288986A (en) * | 1992-09-17 | 1994-02-22 | Motorola, Inc. | Binary code matrix having data and parity bits |
DK0670555T3 (en) | 1992-09-28 | 2000-09-18 | Olympus Optical Co | Registration medium with bar code and information registration system |
US5298731A (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1994-03-29 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method for printing and reading for orthogonal bar code patterns |
US5416311A (en) * | 1993-01-05 | 1995-05-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Data storage device with multiple levels of spacial density |
US5726435A (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1998-03-10 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Optically readable two-dimensional code and method and apparatus using the same |
GB2290137B (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1998-03-11 | Rolls Royce Plc | A method and apparatus for identifying the orientation of a dot matrix code marking of an article |
US5455410A (en) * | 1994-05-03 | 1995-10-03 | Schneider; Eric D. | Filing system scanner and improved bar code |
US5602382A (en) * | 1994-10-31 | 1997-02-11 | Canada Post Corporation | Mail piece bar code having a data content identifier |
JPH08287181A (en) * | 1995-04-13 | 1996-11-01 | Keyence Corp | Bar code reader |
JPH0981711A (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 1997-03-28 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Information recording medium, information reproduction system, and information recording the system |
JPH09114951A (en) * | 1995-10-23 | 1997-05-02 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Information recording medium |
JP2958396B2 (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 1999-10-06 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Image forming device |
US6000621A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1999-12-14 | Xerox Corporation | Tilings of mono-code and dual-code embedded data pattern strips for robust asynchronous capture |
US5694102A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1997-12-02 | Xerox Corporation | Vector reconstruction of asynchronously captured tiled embedded data blocks |
JPH10320497A (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-12-04 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Code reading and recording device |
JP4093618B2 (en) * | 1997-10-08 | 2008-06-04 | 富士通株式会社 | Issuing / reading device for record carrier recording digital code signal and record carrier |
US6256398B1 (en) | 1998-08-22 | 2001-07-03 | Kenneth H. P. Chang | Encoding and decoding a message within an image |
WO2000060524A1 (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-12 | Omron Corporation | Dot code and two-dimensional code |
SE517445C2 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2002-06-04 | Anoto Ab | Position determination on a surface provided with a position coding pattern |
US6550678B1 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2003-04-22 | Magnecomp Corporation | High capacity card and reader system |
US6869022B2 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2005-03-22 | General Electric Company | Computer-and human-readable part markings and system and method using same |
US7123742B2 (en) * | 2002-04-06 | 2006-10-17 | Chang Kenneth H P | Print user interface system and its applications |
US7161579B2 (en) * | 2002-07-18 | 2007-01-09 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Hand-held computer interactive device |
US7102615B2 (en) * | 2002-07-27 | 2006-09-05 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Man-machine interface using a deformable device |
US7646372B2 (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2010-01-12 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Methods and systems for enabling direction detection when interfacing with a computer program |
US7883415B2 (en) | 2003-09-15 | 2011-02-08 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Method and apparatus for adjusting a view of a scene being displayed according to tracked head motion |
US7623115B2 (en) | 2002-07-27 | 2009-11-24 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Method and apparatus for light input device |
US8797260B2 (en) * | 2002-07-27 | 2014-08-05 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Inertially trackable hand-held controller |
US7627139B2 (en) * | 2002-07-27 | 2009-12-01 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Computer image and audio processing of intensity and input devices for interfacing with a computer program |
US7391409B2 (en) * | 2002-07-27 | 2008-06-24 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Inc. | Method and system for applying gearing effects to multi-channel mixed input |
US9474968B2 (en) * | 2002-07-27 | 2016-10-25 | Sony Interactive Entertainment America Llc | Method and system for applying gearing effects to visual tracking |
US7760248B2 (en) | 2002-07-27 | 2010-07-20 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Selective sound source listening in conjunction with computer interactive processing |
US8313380B2 (en) | 2002-07-27 | 2012-11-20 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Llc | Scheme for translating movements of a hand-held controller into inputs for a system |
US8570378B2 (en) | 2002-07-27 | 2013-10-29 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Method and apparatus for tracking three-dimensional movements of an object using a depth sensing camera |
US8686939B2 (en) * | 2002-07-27 | 2014-04-01 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | System, method, and apparatus for three-dimensional input control |
US9393487B2 (en) | 2002-07-27 | 2016-07-19 | Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. | Method for mapping movements of a hand-held controller to game commands |
US9682319B2 (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2017-06-20 | Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. | Combiner method for altering game gearing |
US7967217B2 (en) | 2002-09-26 | 2011-06-28 | Kenji Yoshida | Information reproduction/i/o method using dot pattern, information reproduction device, mobile information i/o device, and electronic toy |
US7648678B2 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2010-01-19 | Dako Denmark A/S | Method and system for pretreatment of tissue slides |
US9177387B2 (en) * | 2003-02-11 | 2015-11-03 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Method and apparatus for real time motion capture |
US8072470B2 (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2011-12-06 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | System and method for providing a real-time three-dimensional interactive environment |
US7874917B2 (en) | 2003-09-15 | 2011-01-25 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Methods and systems for enabling depth and direction detection when interfacing with a computer program |
US10279254B2 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2019-05-07 | Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. | Controller having visually trackable object for interfacing with a gaming system |
US8287373B2 (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2012-10-16 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Control device for communicating visual information |
US8323106B2 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2012-12-04 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Llc | Determination of controller three-dimensional location using image analysis and ultrasonic communication |
US9573056B2 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2017-02-21 | Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. | Expandable control device via hardware attachment |
US7663689B2 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2010-02-16 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Method and apparatus for optimizing capture device settings through depth information |
US7686692B2 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2010-03-30 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Pattern codes used for interactive control of computer applications and video game applications |
US7751585B2 (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2010-07-06 | Microsoft Corporation | System and method for encoding high density geometric symbol set |
US8547401B2 (en) | 2004-08-19 | 2013-10-01 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Portable augmented reality device and method |
CN101167084B (en) | 2005-04-28 | 2010-05-12 | 吉田健治 | Information I/O method using dot pattern |
JP3771252B1 (en) | 2005-07-01 | 2006-04-26 | 健治 吉田 | Dot pattern |
JP3830956B1 (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2006-10-11 | 健治 吉田 | Information output device |
US8789756B2 (en) * | 2006-02-25 | 2014-07-29 | Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. | Test element coding apparatuses, systems and methods |
EP1826705A1 (en) * | 2006-02-25 | 2007-08-29 | F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Analytical consumables and arrangement for reading information |
USRE48417E1 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2021-02-02 | Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc. | Object direction using video input combined with tilt angle information |
US8781151B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2014-07-15 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Object detection using video input combined with tilt angle information |
US8310656B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2012-11-13 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Llc | Mapping movements of a hand-held controller to the two-dimensional image plane of a display screen |
US7572990B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2009-08-11 | Intermec Ip Corp. | Keypad overlay membrane |
US20090004231A1 (en) | 2007-06-30 | 2009-01-01 | Popp Shane M | Pharmaceutical dosage forms fabricated with nanomaterials for quality monitoring |
US7878414B2 (en) * | 2007-07-29 | 2011-02-01 | Yonatan Yulevich | Code and a method for coding and encoding information |
US8542907B2 (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2013-09-24 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Llc | Dynamic three-dimensional object mapping for user-defined control device |
US8011596B2 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2011-09-06 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Machine readable 2D symbology printable on demand |
JP5684577B2 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2015-03-11 | ソニー コンピュータ エンタテインメント アメリカ リミテッド ライアビリテイ カンパニー | How to capture scene depth data and apply computer actions |
US8368753B2 (en) | 2008-03-17 | 2013-02-05 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Llc | Controller with an integrated depth camera |
US8961313B2 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2015-02-24 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Llc | Multi-positional three-dimensional controller |
US8527657B2 (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2013-09-03 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Llc | Methods and systems for dynamically adjusting update rates in multi-player network gaming |
US8342963B2 (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2013-01-01 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Inc. | Methods and systems for enabling control of artificial intelligence game characters |
US8142288B2 (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2012-03-27 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Llc | Base station movement detection and compensation |
US8393964B2 (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2013-03-12 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Llc | Base station for position location |
JP5277403B2 (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2013-08-28 | 健治 吉田 | Curved body for information input, map for information input, drawing for information input |
US8438245B2 (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2013-05-07 | Mskynet Inc. | Remote application invocation system and method |
US9651412B2 (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2017-05-16 | Sage Vision Inc. | Bottle dispenser having a digital volume display |
US20140002642A1 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2014-01-02 | Elmar SWIEGOT | Absolute position detection |
US8727221B1 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-20 | Honeywell International Inc. | Color micro bar code marker and system |
US8937010B2 (en) | 2013-02-27 | 2015-01-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Information encoding using wirebonds |
US9229548B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-01-05 | Goldilocks Consulting, Llc | Reconfigurable objects for touch panel interaction |
CN103707665B (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2016-11-09 | 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 | It is applied to word print control program and the device of paper recorder |
US20190306385A1 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2019-10-03 | Digimarc Corporation | Concerning digital marking and reading of plastic items, useful in recycling |
US11962876B2 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2024-04-16 | Digimarc Corporation | Recycling methods and systems, and related plastic containers |
CN108268922B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2021-05-25 | 梁代平 | Mold identification three-dimensional coding system compatible with human-computer recognition |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3206592A (en) * | 1961-11-02 | 1965-09-14 | Nadler Morton | Photographic storage system |
US3514616A (en) * | 1969-02-26 | 1970-05-26 | Harris Intertype Corp | Rapid access character memory |
US3588452A (en) * | 1968-12-18 | 1971-06-28 | Us Navy | Photoelectric reading system |
US3660641A (en) * | 1969-10-30 | 1972-05-02 | Simcom Corp | Coded data storage medium |
US3776454A (en) * | 1969-09-12 | 1973-12-04 | L Jones | Data supports for numerical data |
US3845279A (en) * | 1972-03-01 | 1974-10-29 | L Rosdorff | Notation system |
-
1979
- 1979-08-01 US US06/062,650 patent/US4263504A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1980
- 1980-07-18 JP JP50190780A patent/JPS56500983A/ja active Pending
- 1980-07-18 WO PCT/US1980/000939 patent/WO1981000476A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1980-07-18 DE DE8080901605T patent/DE3068191D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-07-28 CA CA000357164A patent/CA1145847A/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-02-24 EP EP80901605A patent/EP0033336B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3206592A (en) * | 1961-11-02 | 1965-09-14 | Nadler Morton | Photographic storage system |
US3588452A (en) * | 1968-12-18 | 1971-06-28 | Us Navy | Photoelectric reading system |
US3514616A (en) * | 1969-02-26 | 1970-05-26 | Harris Intertype Corp | Rapid access character memory |
US3776454A (en) * | 1969-09-12 | 1973-12-04 | L Jones | Data supports for numerical data |
US3660641A (en) * | 1969-10-30 | 1972-05-02 | Simcom Corp | Coded data storage medium |
US3845279A (en) * | 1972-03-01 | 1974-10-29 | L Rosdorff | Notation system |
Cited By (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0085749A3 (en) * | 1982-02-09 | 1986-03-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Machine readable record |
EP0085749A2 (en) * | 1982-02-09 | 1983-08-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Machine readable record |
EP0114666A2 (en) * | 1983-01-21 | 1984-08-01 | Gebhardt Fördertechnik GmbH | Device for reading printings on a moving article |
EP0114666A3 (en) * | 1983-01-21 | 1988-03-02 | Gebhardt Fördertechnik GmbH | Device for reading printings on a moving article |
EP0421491A2 (en) * | 1983-07-18 | 1991-04-10 | Pitney Bowes, Inc. | System for the printing and reading of encrypted messages |
EP0421491A3 (en) * | 1983-07-18 | 1991-06-12 | Pitney Bowes, Inc. | System for the printing and reading of encrypted messages |
WO1985005714A1 (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1985-12-19 | Imaje S.A. | Method for the marking of products in connection with a centre instructed to control said marking |
FR2565384A1 (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1985-12-06 | Imaje Sa | PROCESS FOR MARKING PRODUCTS IN CONNECTION WITH AN ORGANISM CHARGED FOR CONTROLLING THIS MARKING |
US4757187A (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1988-07-12 | Imaje, S.A. | Method for marking products in relation with an organization which is commissioned to check this marking |
AU587980B2 (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1989-09-07 | Imaje S.A. | Identifying a product to revent fraud |
FR2565383A1 (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1985-12-06 | Imaje Sa | METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING A PRODUCT INTENDED TO PREVENT ANY FRAUD AND DEVICE IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD |
WO1985005713A1 (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1985-12-19 | Imaje S.A. | Method for identifying a product intended to prevent fraud and device for implementing such method |
FR2586122A1 (en) * | 1985-08-06 | 1987-02-13 | Pitney Bowes Inc | POSTING MACHINE WITH INFORMATION CODE IN THE INDEX |
FR2603721A1 (en) * | 1986-09-05 | 1988-03-11 | Pitney Bowes Inc | SECURITY PRINTER FOR POSTAL SIGN PRINTING AND METHOD OF USING SAME |
US5241166A (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1993-08-31 | Chandler Donald G | Low resolution target acquisition |
WO1992000576A1 (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1992-01-09 | United Parcel Service Of America, Inc. | Low resolution target acquisition |
DE4107020A1 (en) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-09-10 | Franzis Verlag Gmbh | Two=dimensional data storage on printable or photographic medium - is for hand held scanners, involves blocking binary input data according to scanner capacity, arranging in matrix form, adding synchronising characteristics and test bits |
FR2705480A1 (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-11-25 | Cherloc | Document carrying an image or text and provided with an indexing frame, and associated document analysis system. |
EP0627720A1 (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-12-07 | Cherloc | Document with an image or a text thereon provided with an indexing rasterand associated document analysing system |
EP0665510A1 (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1995-08-02 | TOMIOKA, Makoto | Two dimensional code sheet for processing data |
WO1997026619A1 (en) * | 1996-01-15 | 1997-07-24 | Philip Richardson | Data encoding and decoding systems |
EP0887765A2 (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 1998-12-30 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Dot code and code reading apparatus |
EP0887765A3 (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 2000-05-10 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Dot code and code reading apparatus |
US6186405B1 (en) | 1997-03-24 | 2001-02-13 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Dot code and code reading apparatus |
DE10307775B4 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2008-04-17 | Tropf, Hermann, Dipl.-Ing. | Patterned code with robust decoding, in particular signal code, decoding method, decoding device, reading device, and data carrier with program |
GB2428502A (en) * | 2005-07-18 | 2007-01-31 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Data encoding pattern |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4263504A (en) | 1981-04-21 |
DE3068191D1 (en) | 1984-07-19 |
CA1145847A (en) | 1983-05-03 |
EP0033336A4 (en) | 1982-01-08 |
JPS56500983A (en) | 1981-07-16 |
EP0033336B1 (en) | 1984-06-13 |
EP0033336A1 (en) | 1981-08-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0033336B1 (en) | Machine readable code | |
US4794239A (en) | Multitrack bar code and associated decoding method | |
US7175088B2 (en) | Two-dimensional code having superior decoding property which is possible to control the level of error correcting codes, and method for encoding and decoding the same | |
US5541396A (en) | Method of representing binary data | |
US6070805A (en) | Distortion resistant double-data correcting color transition barcode and method of generating and using same | |
EP0299383B1 (en) | Method of reading identification code sheets | |
US5343031A (en) | Method of decoding a two-dimensional code symbol mark | |
US7172131B2 (en) | Coding pattern and apparatus and method for determining data values in the coding pattern | |
US4053737A (en) | Magnetic reader for bar encoded characters | |
US4074114A (en) | Bar code and method and apparatus for interpreting the same | |
US6612497B1 (en) | Two-dimensional-code related method, apparatus, and recording medium | |
US3870865A (en) | Method and apparatus for optical reading of recorded data | |
EP0085749B1 (en) | Machine readable record | |
CA1078520A (en) | Electronic data processing of chinese characters | |
WO1995030206A1 (en) | Machine readable binary codes | |
KR20040014336A (en) | Methods and systems for encoding and decoding data in 2d symbology | |
JPS6043555B2 (en) | Printed character cutting device | |
US6032863A (en) | Method and apparatus for producing machine readable bar code | |
EP0422926B1 (en) | Reciprocating-element position encoder | |
US4247907A (en) | Method and apparatus for typing characters and optically readable binary representations thereof on same page | |
US3257545A (en) | Method of recording marks and method and device for scanning these marks | |
CN100356399C (en) | Two-dimensional barcode card and its decoding method | |
US4130243A (en) | Machine readable optical printed symbol format | |
JPH10261058A (en) | Two-dimensional data code | |
KR100591300B1 (en) | Method for inputting and outputting information using dot pattern |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Designated state(s): JP |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1980901605 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1980901605 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1980901605 Country of ref document: EP |