WO1980000449A1 - Fuels and methods for their production - Google Patents

Fuels and methods for their production Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1980000449A1
WO1980000449A1 PCT/US1978/000066 US7800066W WO8000449A1 WO 1980000449 A1 WO1980000449 A1 WO 1980000449A1 US 7800066 W US7800066 W US 7800066W WO 8000449 A1 WO8000449 A1 WO 8000449A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
fuel
water
distillate
emulsion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1978/000066
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
E Cottell
Original Assignee
E Cottell
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by E Cottell filed Critical E Cottell
Priority to PCT/US1978/000066 priority Critical patent/WO1980000449A1/en
Priority to CA338,807A priority patent/CA1104345A/en
Publication of WO1980000449A1 publication Critical patent/WO1980000449A1/en
Priority to EP19790900986 priority patent/EP0016184A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/324—Dispersions containing coal, oil and water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase

Definitions

  • This invention is concerend with fuels which comprise emulsions of coal and water with distillate fuel oil or water with a distillate fuel oil.
  • a fuel of the first kind is described in my United States patent 3,941,552 as is a technique for rendering the emulsion stable.
  • a fuel of the second kind is described in my United States patent No. 3,749,318 issued July 31, 1973.
  • the usual technique to achieve this end is to add to the components of the emulsion one or more surfactants such as described, for example, in United States patent No. 3,210,168 issued October 5, 1965 to Arnold J. Morway.
  • the problem is that these surfactants are relatively expensive and detract from rather than add to the calorific value of the fuels.
  • the present invention seeks to provide fuels in emulsion form which are stable and which do not include costly surfactants.
  • emulsions of coal and water with distillate oil or water with distillate oil which are emulsified and which are stabilized by blending a residual oil with the fuel.
  • an emulsion using No. 2 fuel oil blended with a residual oil such as No. 4 or No. 6.
  • the 4 or 6 oil (or mixtures of those and other residual oils) are generally in the proportion of less than 10% by weight of the distillate oil.
  • a fuel of this invention comprises a mixture of about 50% by weight coal particles of about 200 mesh size; 20% water; 25% No. 2 distillate oil; and 5% of No. 4 residual oil.
  • a slurry is formed of the water and coal and the oils are blended. Thereafter the blended oil is united with the slurry of coal and water and the resultant mixture is subjected to agitation to cause the formation of an emulsion.
  • the agitation may be sonic agitation or an homogenizer or other mixing means as, for example, described in my aforementioned patent No. 3,941,552.
  • Another fuel according to this invention is produced by blending 5% of No. 6 residual oil with 80% of No. 2 fuel oil then admixing the resultant blend with water, the water comprising 15% by weight of the mixture. The mixture is then agitated to form an emulsion.
  • the emulsion is stable having a so-called shelf-life of at least 1 week before any appreciable deterioration of the emulsion can be discerned.

Abstract

A fuel comprises an emulsion of coal and water with a distillate fuel oil or water with a distillate fuel oil which is rendered stable by blending a residual oil with the distillate fuel oil component of the emulsion. The use of surfactants is in this way avoided.

Description

FUELS AND METHODS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION Background of the Invention
This invention is concerend with fuels which comprise emulsions of coal and water with distillate fuel oil or water with a distillate fuel oil. A fuel of the first kind is described in my United States patent 3,941,552 as is a technique for rendering the emulsion stable. A fuel of the second kind is described in my United States patent No. 3,749,318 issued July 31, 1973. In each of those patents and as is generally recognized, there is a need for the fuel to be rendered stable i.e. to stabilize the emulsion so that it may be transported, stored and burned effectively. The usual technique to achieve this end is to add to the components of the emulsion one or more surfactants such as described, for example, in United States patent No. 3,210,168 issued October 5, 1965 to Arnold J. Morway. The problem is that these surfactants are relatively expensive and detract from rather than add to the calorific value of the fuels. The present invention seeks to provide fuels in emulsion form which are stable and which do not include costly surfactants.
Brief Summary of the Invention
According to this invention, there are provided emulsions of coal and water with distillate oil or water with distillate oil which are emulsified and which are stabilized by blending a residual oil with the fuel.
In particular one can obtain an emulsion using No. 2 fuel oil blended with a residual oil such as No. 4 or No. 6. The 4 or 6 oil (or mixtures of those and other residual oils) are generally in the proportion of less than 10% by weight of the distillate oil.
Description of a Preferred Embodiment
A fuel of this invention comprises a mixture of about 50% by weight coal particles of about 200 mesh size; 20% water; 25% No. 2 distillate oil; and 5% of No. 4 residual oil.
In producing the fuel a slurry is formed of the water and coal and the oils are blended. Thereafter the blended oil is united with the slurry of coal and water and the resultant mixture is subjected to agitation to cause the formation of an emulsion. The agitation may be sonic agitation or an homogenizer or other mixing means as, for example, described in my aforementioned patent No. 3,941,552.
Another fuel according to this invention is produced by blending 5% of No. 6 residual oil with 80% of No. 2 fuel oil then admixing the resultant blend with water, the water comprising 15% by weight of the mixture. The mixture is then agitated to form an emulsion.
In each of the fuels described hereabove, the emulsion is stable having a so-called shelf-life of at least 1 week before any appreciable deterioration of the emulsion can be discerned.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS
1. A fuel comprises an emulsion of coal and water with a distillate oil or of water with a distillate oil which emulsion is rendered stable by admixing a residual oil with said distillate oil component of the emulsion.
2. A fuel as claimed in claim 1 wherein said residual oil comprises between 1% and 30% by weight of said distillate oil.
3. A fuel as claimed in claim 1 wherein said distillate oil is No. 2 fuel oil.
4. A fuel as claimed in claim 1 wherein said residual oil is No. 4 oil.
5. A fuel as claimed in claim 2 wherein said residual oil is No. 4 oil.
6. A fuel as claimed in claim 3 wherein said residual oil is No. 4 oil.
7. A fuel as claimed in claim 1 wherein said residual oil is No. 6 oil.
8. A fuel as claimed in claim 2 wherein said residual oil is No. 6 oil.
9. A fuel as claimed in claim 3 wherein said residual oil is No. 6 oil.
10. A method of making a fuel which comprises making a mixture of coal and water with a distillate oil or water with a distillate oil, adding a residual oil and thereafter subjecting the mixture to agitation to form a stable emulsion.
11. A method as claimed in claim 9 wherein said residual oil is mixed with said distillate oil prior to making said mixture with coal and water or with water alone.
PCT/US1978/000066 1978-08-14 1978-08-14 Fuels and methods for their production WO1980000449A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1978/000066 WO1980000449A1 (en) 1978-08-14 1978-08-14 Fuels and methods for their production
CA338,807A CA1104345A (en) 1978-08-14 1979-10-31 Residual oil in emulsion of water with distillate oil
EP19790900986 EP0016184A1 (en) 1978-08-14 1980-03-25 Fuels and methods for their production

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1978/000066 WO1980000449A1 (en) 1978-08-14 1978-08-14 Fuels and methods for their production
WOUS78/00066 1978-08-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1980000449A1 true WO1980000449A1 (en) 1980-03-20

Family

ID=22141267

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1978/000066 WO1980000449A1 (en) 1978-08-14 1978-08-14 Fuels and methods for their production

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0016184A1 (en)
CA (1) CA1104345A (en)
WO (1) WO1980000449A1 (en)

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3210168A (en) * 1962-05-22 1965-10-05 Exxon Research Engineering Co Stabilized oiled coal slurry in water
US3846087A (en) * 1971-09-22 1974-11-05 Texaco Inc Method of reducing the viscosity of carbon-containing oils
US3876391A (en) * 1969-02-28 1975-04-08 Texaco Inc Process of preparing novel micro emulsions
US3907134A (en) * 1974-02-27 1975-09-23 Carbonoyl Company Water-free liquid fuel slurry and method of producing same
US4030894A (en) * 1975-06-30 1977-06-21 Interlake, Inc. Stabilized fuel slurry
US4089657A (en) * 1977-05-16 1978-05-16 The Keller Corporation Stabilized suspension of carbon in hydrocarbon fuel and method of preparation
US4101293A (en) * 1977-03-30 1978-07-18 Reichhold Chemicals, Inc. Stabilizing emulsifiers
US4116610A (en) * 1975-09-10 1978-09-26 Columbia Chase Corporation Combustion process
US4149855A (en) * 1978-06-08 1979-04-17 Suntech, Inc. Stabilized coal-oil slurry and process
US4153421A (en) * 1976-05-17 1979-05-08 Interlake, Inc. Stabilized fuel slurry
US4158551A (en) * 1975-01-27 1979-06-19 Feuerman Arnold I Gasoline-water emulsion
US4162143A (en) * 1978-03-13 1979-07-24 Ici Americas Inc. Emulsifier blend and aqueous fuel oil emulsions

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3210168A (en) * 1962-05-22 1965-10-05 Exxon Research Engineering Co Stabilized oiled coal slurry in water
US3876391A (en) * 1969-02-28 1975-04-08 Texaco Inc Process of preparing novel micro emulsions
US3846087A (en) * 1971-09-22 1974-11-05 Texaco Inc Method of reducing the viscosity of carbon-containing oils
US3907134A (en) * 1974-02-27 1975-09-23 Carbonoyl Company Water-free liquid fuel slurry and method of producing same
US4158551A (en) * 1975-01-27 1979-06-19 Feuerman Arnold I Gasoline-water emulsion
US4030894A (en) * 1975-06-30 1977-06-21 Interlake, Inc. Stabilized fuel slurry
US4116610A (en) * 1975-09-10 1978-09-26 Columbia Chase Corporation Combustion process
US4153421A (en) * 1976-05-17 1979-05-08 Interlake, Inc. Stabilized fuel slurry
US4101293A (en) * 1977-03-30 1978-07-18 Reichhold Chemicals, Inc. Stabilizing emulsifiers
US4089657A (en) * 1977-05-16 1978-05-16 The Keller Corporation Stabilized suspension of carbon in hydrocarbon fuel and method of preparation
US4162143A (en) * 1978-03-13 1979-07-24 Ici Americas Inc. Emulsifier blend and aqueous fuel oil emulsions
US4149855A (en) * 1978-06-08 1979-04-17 Suntech, Inc. Stabilized coal-oil slurry and process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1104345A (en) 1981-07-07
EP0016184A1 (en) 1980-10-01

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