US943263A - Surgical forceps. - Google Patents

Description

E. MORAWEGK.

SURGICAL' PORGEPS.

APPLICATION FILED Mns, 1909.

' 943,263. Patented Dec. 14, 1909.

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ERNEST MORAW'ECK, OF LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY.

SURGICAL FORCEPS.

To @ZZ 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNEST MoRAwnoK, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Louisville, Jeierson county, Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Surgical Forceps, of which the following is a specication.

The main objects of this invention are to provide an improved form of surgical forceps particularly suited for operations in the nose and throat; to provide improved locking means for preventing accidental disengagement of the jaws of the forceps during a surgical operation and to provide an improved form of handle for devices of this class, which handle is so disposed and shaped as to oer minimum obstruction to other instruments required for the operation and which is particularly adapted to allow the loop of a surgical snare to be passed over the forceps so as to engage the part which is held in the forceps. A specific construction for accomplishing these objects is shown in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure l is a reduced perspective view of a pair of forceps particularly designed for use in connection with surgical operations in the nose or throat, the same being shown as held in the hands of an operator when in use. Fig. 2 is side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is transverse section on the line A-A of Fig. 2. Fig. et is a detail, partly sectional, of the locking slide and the adjacent part of one of the handles.

In the form shown the forceps comprise a pair of levers l and 2 pivotally connected at 3 and provided with gripping aws 4 and 5 in the form of sharp curved prongs or claws. The prongs on opposite jaws are preferably arranged in staggered relation so as to overlap when closed. The levers l and 2 are slender and straight between the jaws and the pivot 3, but are both bent downward between the pivot and the handles so that the handles and the hand of the operator will not obstruct the operators view of the jaws while they are being inserted into a narrow passage. The upper handle t3 is broadened slightly near its end to form a thumb grip which is roughened to prevent slipping. The lower handle also has a Specification of Letters Patent. Pgwgntgd Dago 14, 1999, Application led May 6, 1909.

Serial No. 494,330.

slightly broadened and roughened grip and is extended beyond the grip and bent uponA itself to a shape similar to that of a shep herds crook. This hook provides a loop 7 for the operators second linger and a seat 8 for the first nger. Oppositely disposed hook-shaped projections 9 on the handles are adapted to interlock and prevent separation of the jaws when closed. The instrument is usually made of steel and the shanks of the handles are therefore resilient enough to allow the projections 9 to spring into engagement with each other. They may be separated by springing the handles apart in a direction transverse to the plane of the pivotal movement of the levers.

n order to prevent accidental opening of the jaws when engaged, a locking slide l0 is mounted on the shank of the handle 6. This slide has a pair of ears ll located so as to prevent separation of the projections 9 when the slide is slid toward the right of Fig. l. rihe slide is V-shaped in cross section and straddles the shank of the handle 6, a pin l2 holds the slide in place and prevents tilting in one direction while the ears ll eX- tending under the shoulders 13 of the broadened thumb grip of the handle prevent opposite tilting. A shoulder lil on the shank limits the movement of the slide. The levers are normally urged apart by means of a spring l5.

The operation of the device shown lis as follows: The spring normally urges the levers apart. The instrument is held in the handv as in Fig. 2 while the jaws are being directed into position for grasping the part or growth which is to be removed. rEhen by forcing the handles together, the jaws are closed, the shoulders 9 spring into interlocking incisions are made which interfere with the operation, and it is also possible that` an4 1 operator might inadvertently apply the forceps to other parts which are near the part which is to be removed, the chance of which latter tendency is of course greatly reduced if the forceps may be allowed to remain in eni gagement with the part throughout the entire operation. If a snare is to be used for cutting away the diseased. organ or growth, the open hook of the handle permits the loop of the snare to be readily passed around the hookshaped handle 7 ard over the other parts of the forceps into position for the operation without disturbing the forceps. This feature is of great importance as the loop in the handle gives the operator a secure grip on the instrument without however making it necessary to first pass the loop of the snare around the part to be removed before applying the forceps thereto, as is the case with forceps which have the usual closed loops on the handles. To release the jaws it is merely necessary to push forward the slide and spring the handles apart sidewise, all of which can be done readily with one hand.

Although but one specific embodiment of this invention is herein shown and described.l it will be understood that numerous details may be altered or omitted without departing from the spirit of this invention.

I claim:

1. Surgical forceps, comprising a pair of pivotally connected levers, coacting gripping jaws at one end of said levers and handles at the other end, said handles being of relatively diflerent lengths, constructed to lie close together' and substantially parallel with each other throughout the entire length of the shorter handle, the longer handle being bent upon itself to form an open hook-shaped linger loop, and means for securing said jaws in their gripping position.

2. Surgical forceps comprising a pair of pivotally connected levers, coacting gripping jaws at one end of said levers, and handles at the other end, shoulders on said handles adapted to be sprung into interlocking engagement with each other for securing the jaws in gripping position, and a lock on one of said levers adapted to prevent accidental disengagement of said shoulders.

3. Surgical forceps comprising a pair of pivotally connected levers, coacting gripping jaws at one end of said levers, and handles at the other end, one of said handles being bent upon itself to form a hook-shaped finger loop and the other being shaped to lie close to and substantially parallel with the adjacent part of said hook-shaped handle, shoulders on said handles adapted to be sprung into interlocking engagement with each other for securing the jaws in gripping position, and a lock on one of said levers adapted to prevent accidental disengagement of said shoulders.

4. Surgical forceps comprising a pair of pivotally connected levers, coacting gripping jaws at one end of said levers, and handles at the other end, one of said handles being bent upon itself to form a hook-shaped linger loop and the other being shaped to lie close to and substantially parallel with the adjacent part of said hook-shaped handle, shoulders on said handles adapted to be sprung into interlocking engagement with each other for securing the jaws inl gripping position, and a locking device slidably mounted on one of said handles and adapted to engage the other to prevent accidental disengagement of said shoulders.

5. 1n a surgical instrument the combination of a pair of levers pivoted together, coacting jaws on one end of said levers, handles on the other end, oppositely disposed hook-shaped shoulders on said levers adapted to spring into interlocking engagement with each other when said jaws are closed and adapted to be released by springing said levers apart in a direction transverse to the plane of the pivotal movement thereof, a U-shaped slide straddling one of said handles and having thereon an ear extending along said landle into position for engaging said hook-shaped shoulder on the other handle to prevent accidental disengagement of said shoulders, a pin extending between the sides of said tl-shaped slide for securing the same in position upon said one handle, a stop on said one handle for limiting the movement of said slide, and a shoulder on said one handle extending along the path of the movement of said ear and adapted to cooperate with said pin for securing said slide against tilting onl said handle.

6. Surgical forceps, comprising a pair of pivotally connected levers, coacting gripping jaws at one end of said levers, and handles at the other end, constructed to lie close together and substantially parallel with each other throughout their length, one of said handles being bent upon itself to form an open hook-shaped finger loop and being then bent outwardly again close t-o the shank of said handle to form a finger seat in front of said loop leaving only a narrow space between said iinger seat and the shank of said handle.

7. Surgical forceps comprising a pair of handles of relatively different lengths constructed to lie close together and substantially parallel with each other throughout the entire length of the shorter handle, the

longer handle being bent upon itself to form an open hook-shaped finger-loop and the other handle terminating at the rearward ter of the combined shank parte of the two handles when closed. io Signed at Chicago this 3rd clay of May,

part of said loop, without substantially di- 1909. verging therefrom, and adapted to permit ERNEST MORAWECK. the passage from end to end of the two hanlVtnesses:

clles and their Shanks of a closed loop or EUGENE A. RUMMLER, snare having its opening of about the diame- MARY M. DILLMAN.

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