US8841618B2 - Device for examining an object, in particular for inspecting persons for suspicious items - Google Patents
Device for examining an object, in particular for inspecting persons for suspicious items Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US8841618B2 US8841618B2 US13/671,105 US201213671105A US8841618B2 US 8841618 B2 US8841618 B2 US 8841618B2 US 201213671105 A US201213671105 A US 201213671105A US 8841618 B2 US8841618 B2 US 8841618B2
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- scanning
- waves
- cover
- light
- item
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 0 CCC1(C(C)(C)C(CC(*C)C(C)=C)CC1)N Chemical compound CCC1(C(C)(C)C(CC(*C)C(C)=C)CC1)N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/04—Display arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/314—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/887—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
- G01V8/005—Prospecting or detecting by optical means operating with millimetre waves, e.g. measuring the black losey radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B31/00—Predictive alarm systems characterised by extrapolation or other computation using updated historic data
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for examining objects, in particular for inspecting people for suspicious items, having a scanning system for scanning the object with waves and having an analysis system.
- WO 2006/105977 A1 which corresponds to U.S. Pat. No. 7,583,221, and which is incorporated herein by reference, describes a system in which the person to be examined stands on a platform while being scanned and illuminated successively along his circumference with millimeter waves from a vertical antenna array.
- WO 2005/086620 A2 which corresponds to U.S. Pat. No. 7,889,113 proposes taking an additional optical image of the person using an additional camera in order to protect privacy. If suspicious regions are detected in the millimeter wave image, a marking (frame, spot, etc.) is overlaid on the optical image.
- a disadvantage of this method is the resource expenditure for generating an additional image using an additional camera. Furthermore, problems can arise in superimposing the two images, since they cannot be taken from exactly the same angle. Also, problems with rights of privacy and personality may arise due to the taking of an additional image.
- an optical marking system is present that displays the position of an item categorized as suspicious by means of visible light on the object itself or in a mirror image of the object.
- the display of the position on the object itself includes, on the one hand, the variant of a display on the object itself being accomplished by, for example, projection of a marking onto a person being inspected.
- a marking next to the object at the corresponding position This can be accomplished, for example, by activating a light-emitting diode from a vertical row of light-emitting diodes at the appropriate height, wherein the person being inspected stands next to the light-emitting diodes at a close enough distance that an inspector can extrapolate the corresponding height position to the person.
- the scanning system can contain a plurality of antennas arranged in an array, and the antenna array is covered by a cover.
- the cover is permeable to the waves used, and at least partially reflects visible light to produce a mirror image of the object being inspected.
- An optical marking system shows, by means of visible light, the position of an item categorized as suspicious in the mirror image of the object produced on the cover.
- the cover that at least partially reflects visible light offers a great number of possibilities for displaying the position of an item categorized as suspicious in the mirror image of the object by means of visible light, and also for reflecting marking rays onto the object itself.
- the marking can be produced on the cover by a row of light sources that are arranged on at least two edges of the array and are individually controllable.
- the position of the suspicious item can then be indicated as the intersection point between at least two light rays that are produced by light sources that have been switched on.
- Another embodiment has arranged in the array between the antennas, a plurality of individually controllable light sources whose light passes through the partially permeable cover and in this way marks the position of a suspicious item.
- the image viewed by the inspector is independent of his location. Consequently, no corrections in this regard are needed.
- the scanning system can use electromagnetic millimeter waves for scanning an object.
- the scanning system can be a phased array radar system having transmitting and receiving antennas and also having reflection antennas that are arranged in an array.
- a scanning system with millimeter waves can also be used in which transmitting and receiving antennas are arranged in an array, wherein the received millimeter waves are analyzed according to the SAR principle, the pulsed radar principle, or the FMCW radar principle.
- the array of transmitting and receiving antennas includes a cover and a marking system according to the invention.
- a scanning system is also possible in which X-rays are used for scanning an object and, for example, X-rays scattered by the object are analyzed.
- a scanning system that scans the objects with ultrasonic waves.
- the cover of the antenna array has, for example, an extremely thin, visible-light-reflecting metallic layer that the millimeter waves can pass through, or of a material that partially reflects visible light, such as a Plexiglas plate with a dark background, which is likewise permeable to millimeter waves.
- the object can be a plurality of people, luggage, suitcases, cargo, containers, etc.
- FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention in a perspective view
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show front and side views of the antenna array with the optical marking system
- FIG. 4 shows an oblique view of a device with a spot being marked
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show front and side views of a device in which a marking is projected onto the object being inspected
- FIGS. 7 and 8 show front and side views of a device with a marking system in which individually controllable light sources produce light rays
- FIG. 9 shows an oblique view of a device from FIGS. 7 and 8 .
- a so-called phased array radar system is used as the preferred scanning system.
- This system has transmitting and receiving antennas 1 , which are arranged in a vertical row and transmit and receive millimeter waves.
- the transmitted millimeter waves are focused in space by a plurality of reflection antennas 3 arranged in an array 2 .
- the test object, a passenger 4 standing upright in the example, is illuminated with these waves.
- the millimeter waves reflected by the test object (passenger 4 ) are received by the receiving antennas 1 and analyzed by an analysis system.
- a scanning system may also be used in which the transmitting and receiving antennas for millimeter waves are arranged in an array and the received millimeter waves are analyzed using a different system.
- scanning systems can also be used in which the objects are scanned with other waves, for example with X-ray radiation or with ultrasonic waves.
- the antenna array 2 (including reflection antennas 3 in the exemplary embodiment) is arranged to stand vertically. It is covered by a plate-like cover 5 , which is permeable to millimeter waves and at the same time at least partially reflects visible light in order to produce a mirror image of the object 4 (in the example of the passenger).
- the cover 5 preferably has an extremely thin metallic layer that reflects visible light, through which millimeter waves can penetrate. If partial reflection of visible light is desired, then the cover 5 has a plate that is permeable to visible light, in particular a Plexiglas plate, with a dark background, which likewise is permeable to millimeter waves.
- the device includes an analysis system 6 , which generates image data from the received millimeter waves; the image data are used to detect suspicious regions. Ascertainment of a suspicious region in the test object can be accomplished either by means of a stored algorithm, which decides whether artificial or natural human substances are present in passengers 4 , for example. Or a graphic representation is generated that an operator uses to detect a suspicious region in the millimeter wave image.
- the antenna array 2 is arranged to stand upright.
- the passenger 4 rotates 360° as shown by the arrow 7 so that all sides can be examined.
- image data for a video are prepared from the values received during the rotation, and these data are subsequently analyzed with regard to suspicious areas.
- FIGS. 2 through 4 show a device that contains a marking system that projects a light marking 9 onto the cover 5 by means of an optical system 8 .
- the optical system 8 contains a digital projector or a similar device that emits a visible light as a frame, spot, etc., for producing a marking on the cover 5 .
- the optical system 8 here is designed such that the marking 8 can be projected to any location on the cover 5 .
- the marking system projects a marking 9 onto the cover 5 at the corresponding location in the mirror image of the passenger 4 . Without violating the privacy of the passenger 4 , it is thus possible to indicate to an inspector whether, and where, a suspicious location must be inspected more closely on the passenger 4 . Both the passenger 4 and the inspector standing behind him see only the mirror image of the passenger 4 with the superposed marking. Further details from the millimeter wave image are not visible.
- a projected frame is shown as the marking 9
- the projected marking 9 is a spot.
- the cover 5 is made of a material that totally reflects visible light.
- the marking system includes an optical system 8 that projects the marking 9 onto the corresponding location on the test object, which is to say onto the passenger 4 in the example.
- the passenger 4 and the inspector standing behind him can see the passenger 4 with the projected marking 9 in person or as a mirror image.
- the marking 9 is projected onto the object being inspected via a reflection on the cover 5 .
- This exemplary embodiment has the advantage that the mirror image showing the passenger 4 and the marking 4 can be observed without distortion regardless of where the inspector is positioned. Corrections for adapting to the viewer's position are not necessary.
- FIGS. 7-9 show an exemplary embodiment in which the marking 9 on the cover 5 is produced by a row of light sources 10 , which are arranged on at least two edges of the array 2 and hence of the cover 5 .
- the light sources 10 can be controlled individually and when they are switched on each generate one light ray that falls across the cover 5 as a stripe.
- the position of a suspicious item is displayed as an intersection point of at least two light rays that are produced by switching on the light sources 10 at appropriate positions. LEDs are preferably used as light sources.
- a plurality of individually controllable light sources are arranged between the antennas 3 in the array 2 .
- the light sources are distributed over the entire array 2 , with LEDs preferably being used.
- the cover 5 is partially permeable to visible light, so the light from the light sources shines through the cover 5 . In this way, the position of a suspicious item can be marked in the mirror image on the cover 5 by the visible light emitted by the light sources and passing through the cover 5 . To this end, the light sources located at the corresponding positions are switched on.
- At least one row of individually controllable light sources is present that preferably are arranged vertically above one another.
- the row of light sources preferably LEDs, is arranged such that a passenger can stand next to them.
- they can be arranged in one of the vertical members of the archway shown on the right-hand side in FIG. 1 .
- the height position of an item categorized as suspicious on the passenger is then indicated to the inspector by the lighting of the light source located at the corresponding height while the passenger stands next to the row of light sources.
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010019880A DE102010019880A1 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2010-05-07 | Device for checking an object, in particular for checking persons for suspicious objects |
DEDE102010019880.3 | 2010-05-07 | ||
DE102010019880 | 2010-05-07 | ||
PCT/EP2011/001227 WO2011137945A1 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2011-03-12 | Device for examining an object, in particular for inspecting persons for suspicious items |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2011/001227 Continuation WO2011137945A1 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2011-03-12 | Device for examining an object, in particular for inspecting persons for suspicious items |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20130126738A1 US20130126738A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
US8841618B2 true US8841618B2 (en) | 2014-09-23 |
Family
ID=44146319
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/671,105 Active US8841618B2 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2012-11-07 | Device for examining an object, in particular for inspecting persons for suspicious items |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8841618B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2567255B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010019880A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011137945A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150177374A1 (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-25 | Elwha Llc | Systems and methods for concealed radar imaging |
US20150285901A1 (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-10-08 | Evolv Technologies, Inc. | Feature Extraction For Radar |
US10416094B2 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2019-09-17 | Northeastern University | Characterization of dielectric slabs attached to the body using focused millimeter waves |
US11226429B2 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2022-01-18 | Nuctech Company Limited | Extensible millimeter wave security inspection system, scanning unit and security inspection method for human body |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA167870S (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-11-30 | Univ Tsinghua | Human body safety inspection instrument |
CN109786977A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-05-21 | 河北华讯方舟太赫兹技术有限公司 | A kind of antenna plane, safety check apparatus and safety inspection method |
CN110515133A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-29 | 博微太赫兹信息科技有限公司 | A kind of quick millimeter wave human body imaging detector gate |
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WO2009073009A1 (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-11 | Craig Schwartz | Method and apparatus for projecting viewable data onto an imaged object |
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2010
- 2010-05-07 DE DE102010019880A patent/DE102010019880A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-03-12 EP EP11708205.7A patent/EP2567255B1/en active Active
- 2011-03-12 WO PCT/EP2011/001227 patent/WO2011137945A1/en active Application Filing
-
2012
- 2012-11-07 US US13/671,105 patent/US8841618B2/en active Active
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US5455590A (en) | 1991-08-30 | 1995-10-03 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Real-time holographic surveillance system |
US6317616B1 (en) * | 1999-09-15 | 2001-11-13 | Neil David Glossop | Method and system to facilitate image guided surgery |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150177374A1 (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-25 | Elwha Llc | Systems and methods for concealed radar imaging |
US9322908B2 (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2016-04-26 | Elwha Llc | Systems and methods for concealed radar imaging |
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US9733354B2 (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2017-08-15 | Elwha Llc | Systems and methods for concealed radar imaging |
US20150285901A1 (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-10-08 | Evolv Technologies, Inc. | Feature Extraction For Radar |
US9823338B2 (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2017-11-21 | Evolv Technologies, Inc. | Feature extraction for radar |
US10416094B2 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2019-09-17 | Northeastern University | Characterization of dielectric slabs attached to the body using focused millimeter waves |
US11226429B2 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2022-01-18 | Nuctech Company Limited | Extensible millimeter wave security inspection system, scanning unit and security inspection method for human body |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130126738A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
DE102010019880A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
EP2567255A1 (en) | 2013-03-13 |
EP2567255B1 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
WO2011137945A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
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