US8231968B2 - Natural tourmaline anion fiber and filter and producing method - Google Patents
Natural tourmaline anion fiber and filter and producing method Download PDFInfo
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- US8231968B2 US8231968B2 US11/416,155 US41615506A US8231968B2 US 8231968 B2 US8231968 B2 US 8231968B2 US 41615506 A US41615506 A US 41615506A US 8231968 B2 US8231968 B2 US 8231968B2
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- tourmaline
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- polypropylene
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- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
- D01F6/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins from polypropylene
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/02—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials
- B01D2239/0216—Bicomponent or multicomponent fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/02—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials
- B01D2239/0258—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials comprising nanoparticles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0407—Additives and treatments of the filtering material comprising particulate additives, e.g. adsorbents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2927—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including structurally defined particulate matter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
- Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
- Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
- Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a method of producing tourmaline anion fiber and filter material, and more particularly to a method of producing composite fiber from tourmaline, Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) and polypropylene or polyethylene, and then forming into filter material, such that the fiber can generate anion, and present outstanding permeability and mechanical property.
- TPE Thermoplastic Elastomer
- polypropylene or polyethylene polypropylene or polyethylene
- Anion-based textile products now raise a high priority concern of international textile industry thanks to a wide range of benefits, such as: accelerating blood circulation of human body, improving functional efficiency and physical status, supplementing microelement for the human body, generating far-infrared ray and stimulating recovery function of human cells.
- Indoor air filter is generally made of woven filler screen and non-woven filter screen.
- Woven filter screen can be cleaned and recycled, with lower differential pressure and filtering efficiency.
- Non-woven filter materials made of multi-layer stacks, cannot be recycled with higher filtering efficiency and differential pressure.
- Differential pressure is a decisive factor to ventilation efficiency, rate of air change and horsepower of air conditioning.
- One purpose of the present invention is to improve filtering efficiency using woven filter screen with lower differential pressure.
- Anion generator and active carbon filter shall be generally required.
- Anion generator could generate ozone (O 3 ), which must be less than 0.12 ppm with poor time efficiency, and also limited within 1 m. So, this generator is not suitable for indoor applications.
- Active carbon filter also has the problem of absorption saturation.
- Anion tourmaline a natural mineral, is recognized as a “dust collector of the nature”.
- the second purpose of the present invention is to prepare a permanent deodorant fiber by adding submicrometer tourmaline into polypropylene fiber (environmental-friendly plastic).
- Tourmaline is easy to absorb powder due to its thermoelectricity and piezoelectricity.
- the third purpose of the present invention is to identify if the permanent electric property is able to improve the filtering efficiency.
- the fourth purpose of the present invention is to study the filters made of common fiber or other fibers, which neither contain extracted vegetable oil, nor yields volatile oil.
- tourmaline or anion fiber technologies are often used to prepare fiber by combining tourmaline and rayon fiber in water solution, or prepare insoluble fiber by tourmaline and polyvinyl alcohol solution, or by combining titania, zinc oxide, zirconia, tourmaline, silicon oxide and aluminum oxide.
- tourmaline is contained in these common technologies, these patented fibers are made of different materials with varied methods. However, the efficiency of above-specified technologies shall be further verified due to absence of preferred embodiment.
- the objective of the present invention is to provide a composite filter made of tourmaline, Thermoplastic Elastomer (IPE) and polypropylene or polyethylene, which enables the fiber to generate anion, and present outstanding permeability and mechanical property.
- polypropylene or polyethylene chips submicrometer tourmaline particles and TPE are mixed and prepared into submicrometer tourmaline agglomerate.
- submicrometer tourmaline agglomerate and polypropylene or polyethylene chips the content of tourmaline agglomerate accounts for 1-10% of gross weight, and melt them into a composite fiber comprising submicrometer tourmaline/polypropylene or polyethylene.
- FIG. 1 is the comparison of Anion Release of Tourmaline with Different Contents under the same layer of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is the comparison of Action Release between the filters with different percentage of Content of Tourmaline and Multiple Layers of the present invention
- FIG. 3 shows the Analysis of Release Efficiency of Anion with Different Contents under the Same Layer of Submicrometer Tourmaline Polypropylene Filter Material of the present invention
- FIG. 4 shows the Analysis of Anion's Release Efficiency with Tourmaline Content less than 1% and under Multiple Layers of Submicrometer Tourmaline Polypropylene Filter Material of the present invention
- FIG. 5 shows the Analysis of Anion's Release Efficiency Depending upon Content and Layers of Submicrometer Tourmaline Polypropylene Filter Materials.
- Tourmaline anion man-made fiber primarily comprises submicrometer tourmaline particle, Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) and polypropylene or polyethylene, of which the diameter of fiber is 0.01 mm-3 mm, and particle size of submicrometer tourmaline is 1 micrometer-100 nm, and tourmaline particle accounts for 1-10% of fiber. Tourmaline's far-infrared radiation: 0.948 ⁇ m (3.48*102 w/m 2 ), particle size distribution: D50 (average particle size: 493 nm). Moreover, the present invention permits to produce at least one layer of fluid filter material through aforementioned tourmaline anion man-made fiber.
- nano-silver grain can be added into above-specified material to yield immunity to bacteria.
- added nano-silver accounts for 0.5-5% of total fiber.
- microcapsule may be added into above-specified material. The microcapsule, which contains functional materials such as extracted vegetable oil, accounts for 0.5-5% of total fiber.
- the production method of tourmaline anion man-made fiber in the present invention is to prepare a first material, which contains first polypropylene chip accounting for 70% ⁇ 95% of gross weight with a molecular weight of 3.15 ⁇ 10 5 g/mole, or first polyethylene chip with a molecular weight of 1.5-2.5 ⁇ 10 5 g/mole (of which, the preferred embodiments are described in following tests based on first polypropylene accounting for 80% of first material) and submicrometer tourmaline particle accounting for 5% ⁇ 30% of gross weight, as well as Thermoplastic Elastomer (IPE) or Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) accounting for 1-40% of gross weight.
- IPE Thermoplastic Elastomer
- EPDM Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer
- the first material is rolled into agglomerate through mixing and granulation by double screw, and the second polypropylene chip with a molecular weight of 3.15 ⁇ 10 5 g/mole, or the second polyethylene chip with a molecular weight of 1.5 ⁇ 2.5 ⁇ 10 5 g/mole is taken as the second material. Then, mix the agglomerate and the second material. Of which, the content of tourmaline agglomerate accounts for 1-10% of gross weight. Next, the agglomerate and second material are melted into fiber via spinning, cooling, thermal stretching and forming.
- the temperature of spinning ranges between 200 ⁇ 300° C. (in the preferred embodiment of present invention, the temperature of spinning ranges between 200 ⁇ 250° C.
- the abovementioned melting and spinning is to heat up and melt polypropylene or polyethylene, and then force out from spinning nozzle into air for cooling and curling at a proper speed. Meanwhile, polypropylene or polyethylene is condensed to form fiber. Next, the fiber is stretched again to improve its mechanical property.
- the melting and spinning process is to force out spinnable polymer from spinning nozzle at a temperature over melting point, and enable it to be cooled and refined into threadlike material.
- the production method of fiber filter materials in the present invention is to prepare the first material, which contains first polypropylene chip accounting for 70% ⁇ 95% of gross weight with a molecular weight of 3.15 ⁇ 10 5 g/mole, or first polyethylene chip with a molecular weight of 1.5 ⁇ 2.5 ⁇ 10 5 g/mole (of which, the preferred embodiments are described in following tests based on first polypropylene accounting for 80% of first material) and submicrometer tourmaline particle accounting for 5%-30% of gross weight, as well as Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) or Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) accounting for 1 ⁇ 40% of gross weight.
- TPE Thermoplastic Elastomer
- EPDM Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer
- the first material is rolled into agglomerate, and the second polypropylene chip with a molecular weight of 3.15 ⁇ 10 5 g/mole, or the second polyethylene chip with a molecular weight of 1.5 ⁇ 2.5 ⁇ 10 5 g/mole is taken as the second material.
- the content of tourmaline agglomerate accounts for 1 ⁇ 10% of gross weight.
- the agglomerate and second material are melted for spinning, cooling, thermal stretching and forming into fiber.
- the temperature of spinning ranges between 200° C. ⁇ 300° C. (in the preferred embodiment of present invention, the temperature of spinning ranges between 200 ⁇ 250° C. for polypropylene, and between 250° C. ⁇ 300° C.
- submicrometer tourmaline/polypropylene or polyethylene fiber is reeled, and woven into submicrometer tourmaline/polypropylene or polyethylene fiber filter through a weaving machine (a steel shuttle in the present invention), of which the longitudinal density is 35 ⁇ 50 thread/inch, latitudinal density 30 ⁇ 40 thread/inch, and weaving width ⁇ 65.
- the fiber is mixed with nano-silver grain up to 1% of gross weight of fiber.
- the following test results show that this invention also presents excellent resistance to bacteria.
- the fiber of the preferred embodiment is added with microcapsule accounting for 1% of gross weight.
- the microcapsule contains functional materials such as extracted vegetable oil, so this invention could yield long-lasting fragrance as demonstrated in the following test.
- the filter materials made of fiber (mainly based on polypropylene) have a stronger mechanical property, with the test results described below:
- Tension Strength Table 1 shows the Test Results of Longitudinal Tension Strength of Submicrometer Tourmaline/Polypropylene Filter Materials (kgrcm 2 ).
- Table 2 shows the Influence of Submicrometer Tourmaline Content upon Tensile Strength of Polypropylene Filter Materials (kgfcm 2 ).
- Table 3 shows the Influence of Submicrometer Tourmaline Content upon Washing Fastness of Polypropylene Filter Materials (Ion/cc). As shown in Table 3, a good fastness is still maintained prior to or after test, so the amount of anion will not reduce due to washing.
- Table 4 shows the filter Efficiency of Polypropylene Filter Materials Depending upon Content and Layers of Submicrometer Tourmaline ( ⁇ ) %.
- Table 5 shows the Analysis of Anion's Release Efficiency Depending upon Content and Layers of Submicrometer Tourmaline Polypropylene Filter Materials (Ion/cc).
- maximum release content is 1115 Ion/cc, showing a moderate release of anion under a static mode; and the release content is rising slowly. Under a static mode, the curve becomes gentle in the case of tourmaline content 3-5%; addition of anion is not an important release factor in the excess of 3%.
- the humidity is 64%, and temperature 29° C.
- FIG. 3 shows the Analysis of Release Efficiency of Anion with Different Contents under the Same Layer of Submicrometer Tourmaline Polypropylene Filter Material. As shown in FIG. 3 , under the same layer but different contents, anion of submicrometer tourmaline polypropylene filter material will release up to 1025-1983 Ion/cc; with addition of 3%, anion release will rise towards a fixed value.
- FIG. 4 shows the Analysis of Anion's Release Efficiency with Tourmaline Content less than 1% and under Multiple Layers of Submicrometer Tourmaline Polypropylene Filter Material. As shown in FIG. 4 , in the case of content 1%, anion of different submicrometer tourmaline polypropylene filter materials will release up to 1025-2956 Ion/cc, and grows with the layers, showing a difference of 973 Ion/cc.
- FIG. 5 shows the Analysis of Anion's Release Efficiency Depending upon Content and Layers of Submicrometer Tourmaline Polypropylene Filter Materials. As shown in the curve of FIG. 5 , the curve becomes gentle in the addition of tourmaline 3%-5%. In the excess of 3%, addition of tourmaline is not an important variance factor, as in the case of static mode. As shown in the curve of FIG. 5 , the maximum release content is 4220 Ion/cc, showing that anion release in a dynamic mode caters for the needs of human health (1000 ⁇ 2000 Ion/CC).
- the filter materials made of fibers of the present invention have deodorant performance, with the test results described below:
- the filter materials of the present invention are employed to measure the concentration of NH 3 and CH 3 CHO, and then the removing rate for the concentration of CH 3 COOH. As listed in Table 7, the filter materials of the present invention present outstanding deodorization performance.
- Table 7 shows the Deodorization Effect of Filter Materials of the Present Invention as per TEM 1467 Test Method.
- the filter materials of the present invention present outstanding antibacterial performance In ASTM E 2149-01 test. As listed in Table 9, the filter materials of the present invention present outstanding antibacterial performance In AATCC 147 test.
- the filter materials of the present invention exhibit a 3-month fragrance retention.
- the test method is 6-Level Odor Strength Grading method.
- the values of test result indicate the Perception of the Odor Strength are:
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Abstract
Description
TABLE 1 | |||||||||||
Number | Tourmaline | Tourmaline | Tourmaline | Tourmaline | Tourmaline | ||||||
of Test | | Content | 1 | Content | 2 | Content | 3 | Content | 4 | Content | 5% |
1 | 38.704 | 36.075 | 36.005 | 37.085 | 36.251 | 36.215 |
2 | 39.483 | 36.108 | 38.068 | 38.251 | 37.511 | 38.014 |
3 | 44.581 | 40.652 | 37.065 | 39.125 | 38.253 | 37.588 |
4 | 42.015 | 40.206 | 40.126 | 36.001 | 35.921 | 37.263 |
5 | 41.076 | 38.254 | 36.008 | 35.759 | 38.205 | 36.952 |
Average | 41.1718 | 38.259 | 37.4544 | 37.2442 | 37.2282 | 37.2064 |
Value | ||||||
As shown in Table 1 for composite filter materials containing tourmaline/polypropylene, the tension strength will decline gradually with the increase of longitudinal strength of tourmaline (from 41.17 kgf/cm2 to 37.21 kgfcm2). This is possibly because that rigid tourmaline powder is embedded into polypropylene fiber structure via melting and spinning, such that the rigidity of anion/polypropylene fiber is improved, but some anion generate particle in the fiber, which may impair the fiber strength. So, tension strength is lowered with growing amount of particle.
TABLE 2 | |||||||||||
Number | Tourmaline | Tourmaline | Tourmaline | Tourmaline | Tourmaline | ||||||
of Test | | Content | 1 | Content | 2 | Content | 3 | Content | 4 | Content | 5% |
1 | 21.886 | 23.728 | 22.765 | 21.345 | 22.706 | 22.086 |
2 | 23.725 | 19.174 | 21.129 | 22.349 | 20.609 | 20.308 |
3 | 26.816 | 24.627 | 21.764 | 22.047 | 21.086 | 21.117 |
4 | 21.314 | 18.032 | 21.796 | 19.449 | 21.625 | 20.598 |
5 | 22.108 | 24.499 | 22.229 | 23.603 | 21.855 | 21.717 |
Average | 23.1698 | 22.012 | 21.9366 | 21.7586 | 21.5762 | 21.1652 |
Value | ||||||
TABLE 3 | ||||||
Addition | Prior | Average Value | Maintenance | |||
of | to | after | of | |||
Tourmaline | Test | | Anion | |||
1% | 265 | 263 | 99% | |||
2% | 350 | 343 | 98% | |||
3% | 383 | 365 | 95% | |||
4% | 435 | 416 | 96% | |||
5% | 489 | 461 | 94% | |||
TABLE 4 | |||||||||||
Layer of | Tourmaline | Tourmaline | Tourmaline | Tourmaline | Tourmaline | ||||||
Filter | | Content | 1 | Content | 2 | Content | 3 | Content | 4 | Content | 5% |
1st layer | 30.120 | 35.875 | 39.012 | 41.543 | 42.687 | 42.987 | |||||
2nd layer | 61.000 | 68.174 | 70.705 | 71.849 | 72.149 | 73.123 | |||||
3rd layer | 76.000 | 82.569 | 83.713 | 84.013 | 84.987 | 85.125 | |||||
4th layer | 86.000 | 90.125 | 90.425 | 91.399 | 91.537 | 91.234 | |||||
5th layer | 95.000 | 97.562 | 98.536 | 98.674 | 98.371 | 98.574 | |||||
TABLE 5 | ||||||
Addition | 1st Layer | 2nd Layer | 3rd Layer | 4th Layer | 5th Layer | |
of | Filter | Filter | Filter | Filter | Filter | |
tourmaline | Screen | Screen | | Screen | Screen | |
1% | 265 | 412 | 532 | 620 | 712 |
2% | 350 | 523 | 652 | 734 | 825 |
3% | 412 | 589 | 756 | 834 | 985 |
4% | 465 | 652 | 852 | 935 | 1080 |
5% | 489 | 712 | 867 | 973 | 1115 |
TABLE 6 | |||||
Addition of | |||||
Tourmaline | 1st layer | 2nd layer | 3rd layer | 4th layer | |
1% | 1025 | 1695 | 2213 | 2732 | 2956 |
2% | 1523 | 2573 | 3012 | 3325 | 3456 |
3% | 1856 | 3212 | 3512 | 3759 | 3956 |
4% | 1956 | 3512 | 3725 | 3856 | 4120 |
5% | 1983 | 3603 | 3901 | 3921 | 4220 |
TABLE 7 | |||
Item | NH3 | CH3CHO | CH3COOH |
Initial | 24.00 PPM | 8.00 PPM | 0.20 PPM |
concentration | |||
Concentration after | 10.00 PPM | 2.00 PPM | 0.08 PPM |
30 minutes | |||
Removing rate of | 51.25% | 71.25% | 50.00% |
multi pollution | |||
Total removing rate | 60.9% | ||
c. Test Results of Antibacterial Performance of Fiber Filter Materials of the Present Invention:
TABLE 8 | |||
0 Initial | |||
Inoculation | Contact Time | Reduction(%) | |
TEST ITEM | (CFU/ml) | (1 hr later) | (1 hr later) |
Staphylococcus | 1.0 × 105 | 3.0 × 104 | 94.8(%) |
aureus | |||
Escherichia | 2.1 × 105 | 1.6 × 103 | 99.2(%) |
coli | |||
Klebsiella | 7.3 × 105 | 3.0 × 104 | 95.8(%) |
pneumoniae | |||
TABLE 9 | |||
GROWTH-FREE | CONTACT | ||
TEST ITEM | ZONE | INHIBITION | |
Staphylococcus aureus | 10 mm | 100(%) | |
Escherichia coli | 4.5 mm | 100(%) | |
Klebsiella pneumoniae | 3.5 mm | 100(%) | |
Staphylococcus aureus | 12 mm | 100(%) | |
|
2 mm | 100(%) | |
-
- 0: Odor less; 1: Odor which can be perceived eventually with effort; 2: Weak Odor which can be identified; 3: Odor which can be perceived easily; 4: Strong Odor; 5: Severe Odor.
TABLE 10 | ||
Test Results | Test Result | |
Test items | (Initial test) | (after 3 months test again) |
Odor Faculty Evaluation | 3.4 | 4.0 |
2. In terms of washing fastness; addition of tourmaline is an important factor to washing fastness, but only has a moderate influence level: 94%˜99% anion function is still maintained. The life span of polypropylene filter screen is about 3-5 years. The biggest difference with non-woven filter materials lies in: recycling, environmental-friendliness/energy conservation and higher economy in avoiding second pollution.
3. In terms of filter efficiency; tourmaline with negative charge will improve efficiently filter efficiency and absorb particle of 0.01 μm-5 μm via the help of “electrostatic adherence principle”. As compared to previous inertia collection of 0.5 μm particle, this efficiency is improved significantly. The filter efficiency and dust collection capacity are improved greatly due to “deep filtration”. Filtration layer is the most important influential factor of filter efficiency, which may reach 98.5%.
4. Under a static mode: if tourmaline is added to 3%, anion release is slowed, but not exceeds 1000 ion/cc. It can be seen that, tourmaline cannot bring its function into full play in the case of absence of vapor and temperature difference, wind rate fluctuation and frictional effect in a static mode.
6. Under a dynamic mode: both addition of tourmaline and filtration layers are important factors to release, but layers are primary influential factors. When tourmaline is added to 3%, anion release is slowed down. Given the fact of internal vapor and temperature difference of cooler, wind rate fluctuation and frictional effect, as well as thermoelectricity and piezoelectricity of anion for H3O2 −, anion release in a dynamic mode caters for the needs of human health (1000-2000 ion/cc). A release of 1000-4220 ion/cc is maintained.
Claims (20)
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