US821200A - Process for the production of photographs in natural colors. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED MAY 22, 1906.

fallow Blue mmnummmnnmm $40 J. SZCZBPANIK. PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS IN NATURAL COLORS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 16, 1902.

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Be it known that I, JAN SZCZEPANIK, a subject of the Emperor of AustriaHungary, residing, at Vienna, in the Province of Lower Austria, in the Empire of Austria-Hungary,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes for the Production of Photographs in Natural Colors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, IO clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

It is already known that a colored positive can be obtained by allowing a celloidin or aristo paper to darken by exposure to light, 1 washing it in a mixture of sulfate of copper and potassium bichromate, and, after dry- 7 g, exposing it for days under a colored dia:

positive.

In the drawings, Figures 1 to 11 illustrate diagrammatically the steps that take place, and Fig. 12 illustrates a paper used in the process. Fig. 13 is a section showing three superposed gelatin films ressed together, and Fig. 14 is a like view s owing a varnish or cement between the layers. The process that'takes place may be explained in the following manner. The darkened celloidin paper contains all possible colors, of which some fade under the action of certain of the colored rays proceeding from the diapositive. The same result can be obtained when only three non-fast primary colors (as red, yellow, and blue) are present in the film or coating of the paper, for, as is known, any paper which is coated with these three colors 1s capable of reproducing all the colors of an artificially-made col- -ored diapositive, rovided that the coloring materials be nonast'i. e., ca able of fadingg Throu h the red parts 0 the diaposi tive there wil ass only red rays, which are then absorbed y the particles of yellow and blue coloring material, so that the yellow and blue colors fade, while the red particles of i color reflect the red rays, and therefore car:-

not fade. A red tint, therefore, appears on the paper under the red parts of the diapositive. The action under the differently-colored parts is similar. According to this well known process it is therefore possible to produce colored prints from a colored artificially- .-made diapositive, and in order still more to enhance the property of fading the papers are, while being prepared immersed in sev v-o '-r hi A I PATENT oFFIoE. JAN SZCZEPANIK, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIJMHDNGARY. PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS IN NATURAL COLORS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 16, 1902. Serial No. 119,927-

Patented May 22, 1906.

'eral suitable bathsas, for instance,.hydrogen peroxid or chlorophyl. The colors or coloring-matters remaining on the pa er after rintin may, like any non-fast co or, be

ma e fast y immersin them in a solution of common salt and su fate of copper or in copper-ammonium sulfate. Direct photographs cannot be taken with a camera on papers coated with non-fast colors, because 5 owin to the low degree of sensitiveness of the fi m the exposure would have to last for days; but these papers may be used for prir'it- I stitutes made by a combination of'colored strips. Such an artificiallyrepared dia-f positive is, however, only suita le for experi'-' ments. Furthermore, three coloring sub-. 7 stances when mixed to ether will not com-,1;

bine in one medium, (ge atin,) as they change color, diminish in sensitiveness, and re ro the camera through color filters, asthe three-color-printing rocess, .but without ruled screen. The t ee negatives can I I 'duce defectively the colors uestiom ow 1 made on three separate glass plates; butit is preferable to prepare them in arowonasin-i gle late. By immersing the two endparts .9'9

of t e plate in the correspondingTsensitizmg media these end parts are rendered suitablysensitive for taking the correspon ding color negatives, while the middle part of the plate-- is ready for the third negative without ther preparation.

When printing on paper with three nonfast color1ngsubstancesthat is, colors that fade a negative is obtained from a negative.

As, however, a positive icture is desired, loo

three diapositives must e produced from these three negatives. The dia ositives obtained are then printed "on the-t ee-colored paper in such a way that each of them is exposed to rays of a color forming the color.

complementary to that for which the diapositive is intended. The diapositive for; 5. red, for instance, must cause only the red coloring-matter to fade on the three-colored.

paper at all its transparent parts. At these parts the paper must be exposed to the action of the rays of the comp ementary color v. namely, green which cause the red color.

print of Fig. 1, containing red, yellow, and

parts to fade,'but are reflected by the other colors, which therefore remain unchanged. .Thereupon the diapositive for yellow is rinted under the action of violet rays, and,

t Jlue fields marked sep and the sensitive film Z, Fig. 2, on which it is to be printed, containing the three colors mixed 1 5 and capable of being fixed when suitably printed and also having the property of fadlng under differently-colored light. From the object, Fig. 1, three negatives 71, i 1', Figs. 3, 6, and-9, made by the aid of color-filters,

from each of which a diapositive d e f is s5 a ta;

formed, Figs. 4, 7, and 10. This diapositive d for red is then placed upon the sensitive aper, and over the diapositive is placeda term, giving the complementary colored light, green. The portion-of the paper a,

Fig. 5, is thus covered or shielded from these rays, while the remaining portions are ex' posed to it, so that the red color in or red reflecting particles in the parts I) and 0 are 0 caused tolfade, the yellow and blue color particles not beingi'aifected by the green light. Then-theldiapositivec for yellow is placed on l thepaperand registered and provided in like ter '12, to give the comple- .'cbior,iin this case violet, Fig. 7.

'liregyge low'oryellow-reflecting particles on v {the sensitive surface will then be caused to fade,-excepting in the part I), covered by the diapositive, and produce the effect, Fig. 8.

4o Finall the sensitive medium, Fig. 8, has registere on it the diapositive f for blue and similarly covered. with a filter o, capable of giving com lementary-coloredorange light, so that all the blue in the transparent portion of. the diapositive will fade, thereby giving a reproduction in color, Fig. 11, like the origina but a mirror-picture. When the three coloring-matters are mixed together on the pa cr for instance, in a film of gelatinit mi be found, as hereinbefore described, that the mixed coloring substances change somewhatjanfd are less sensitive than if they were used separately. Now this disadvantage is obviated accordin to this invention by applying the colors sidc y side upon the color-carr1eras, for instance, gelatinized paper.

Thus, for example, the paper can be ruled with non-fast pigments in such a way that a red, then a yo low, and then a blue line always lie side by side in the same. order, as

shown in Fig. 12, where r re resents the red line, 9 the yellow line, and ?;t e blue line on a surface is, or these colors can be applied side by side in the same order inany other de- 5 sired orconvenientmanner. Finally, colored photographs can also be produced on paper,

wood, leather, andnthe lik by coating these materials with three differently colored layers of gelatin placed one above the other. This can, for instance, be effected by stripping three gelatin films, colored with different anilin dyes and made sensitive to light by means of chlorophyl or hydrogen peroxid, as shown in Fig. 13, from three glass plates and laying these films one above another on paper and pressing them together in sucha way that they remain in contact. The same result can be obtained b applying tothe paer first a red-tinted ge atln coating, then a ayer of waterlass or varnish as an insulating medium, t en a yellow gelatin coating and another la er of water-glass or varnish g, and, finally, a blue gelatin coating, as shown in Fig. 14. The water-glass or varnish,

layers serve to prevent the elatin coatings from intermingling. Instead of gelatin any other suitable .materialas collodion, albumen, or sizecan be used as a color-carrier. The three-colored films thus produced are used as follows: A diapositive for red must be printed on the lowest or red film under a green filter. The two upper films-namely, the yellow and the blueact as a substitute for the reen filter. Nevertheless a separate green ter is-laid over them, so that the white light, which of course contains red rays, cannot cause the colors of the upper films to fade. The green rays of the filter do not act, however, on thetwo up er films,

(yellow and blue films but cause 0 y the lowunder a-violet filter, and, nally, t e blue film is printed under an orange filter, dia ositives for the corresponding colors of the lms being used. In order that the three diapositives may be accurately superimposed,"suitable printing-frames must be used.

The process is or may be the same or similar in the case of fabrics made as described.

When diapositives are used in a row on one single plate as hereinbefore described, the different diapositives can by simply pushing the plate in onedirection be more easily caused to register than when three separate diapositives are used. The diapositives produced by printing from negatives (provided that they are made without reversing prisms) are normal; but-the colored ositive which is obtained from the diapositwe is reversed-that is, it forms a mirror-picture. If, however, this positive roduced on a suitable trans arent material? as glass, so as to form a co ored diapositive, it follows from what has hereinbefore been stated that a normal picture can be produced by printing it on paper provided with three colors, as aforesaid. In doing this no filter will be required, since the glass or diapositive will IIO " lights of color complementary to the color of the reflective screens used to produce the be made Without difiiculty' withoutany filter from diapositives made in this Way.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The rocess of making colored photographs, w 'ch consists in producing photographic plates of the object having difierent color values, printing such plates on a paper containing colored particles and thereby causing those colors to fade not corresponding to the color value of the plates, substantially as described.

. 2. The process of making colored photographs, which consists in producing a plural ity of photographic plates of the object having different color values, printing such plates in registered succession on actinic papercontaining non-permanent colors,thereby causing those colors to fade not corresponding to the color value of the plate, substantially as described.

3. The process of making colored photographs, which consists in providing three registrable negatives produced with the aid of color-screens, obtaining diapositives from said negatives of diflerent monochrome values and printing each monochrome diapositive, on an actinic paper containing fadable primary colors, under the influence of diapositives, substantially as described.

4. The process of making colored photographs, which consists in producing three registrable negatives with the aid of screens for primary colors, producing. diapositives from said negatives, printing the diapositives on actinic paper containing fadable primary colors, each positive during printing being subjected to light complementary to that represented by said diapositive, substantially as described.

5. The process of making photographs,

on said sheets registrable monochrome diapositives having primary color values, subjecting each diapositive while covering the actinic sheets to light complementary to that which said diapositive represents, fixing the colors in the actinic sheets after exposure, then printing from the mirror -.picture so formed on actinic paper containing fadable primary colors and fixing the print so formed, substantially as described.

7. The process of making photographs,

which consists in producing registrable negatives of an object values, producing diapositives from said negatives, forming a superposed transparent three-ply film in fadable actinic primary havlng primary color colors, printing such diapositives on the film under the influence of light complementary in color to that represented by the respective diapositives, fixing the transparent mirr0rprint so made and then printing from said transparent print on actinic paper ruled with fadable primary colors, and fixing the latter print, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAN SZCZEPANIK.

Witnesses:

Yosr RUBASCHE, ALvEsTo S. Hoeun.

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