US7218715B1 - Method and system for setting up a telephone conference call in a switched telephone network through the internet - Google Patents

Method and system for setting up a telephone conference call in a switched telephone network through the internet Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US7218715B1
US7218715B1 US10/363,286 US36328600A US7218715B1 US 7218715 B1 US7218715 B1 US 7218715B1 US 36328600 A US36328600 A US 36328600A US 7218715 B1 US7218715 B1 US 7218715B1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
telephone
web server
control point
service control
setting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime, expires
Application number
US10/363,286
Inventor
Marco Zuurveld
Petrus Johannes Adrianus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Assigned to TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL) reassignment TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL) ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GOEIJERS, PETRUS JOHANNES ADRIANUS, ZUURVELD, MARCO
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US7218715B1 publication Critical patent/US7218715B1/en
Adjusted expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H04M3/56Arrangements for connecting several subscribers to a common circuit, i.e. affording conference facilities
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/006Networks other than PSTN/ISDN providing telephone service, e.g. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), including next generation networks with a packet-switched transport layer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/0024Services and arrangements where telephone services are combined with data services
    • H04M7/003Click to dial services

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for setting up connections between a plurality of telephone devices in a switched telephone network for establishing a conference call.
  • the invention provides a method according to claim 1 .
  • the conference application of the web server called by the browser of the web client terminal will provide a web page which need to comprise only boxes to be filled out with telephone numbers by an operator of the terminal and a “submit” button to upload the plurality of telephone numbers of the filled out boxes to the web server.
  • the plurality of telephone numbers are uploaded to a service control point of the switched telephone network, which as a result thereof initiates a dedicated conference Intelligent Network Service Script, which will instruct the service control point to set up the telephone connections relating to the plurality of telephone numbers.
  • the method for setting up a telephone conference call according to the invention is very easy and quickly to carry out by a person who wants to initiate a conference call, without the need of special telephone numbers and special skills, and thus saving time and money.
  • the invention also relates to a system according to claim 8 .
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a first combination of the internet network and a telephone network according to the invention for setting up a telephone conference call
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a second combination of the internet network and a telephone network according to the invention for setting up a telephone conference call.
  • FIG. 1 shows a combination of a switched telephone network 1 , in particular a Public Switched Telephone Network (“PSTN”), and a different type of communication network generally known as internet or web 2 .
  • PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
  • internet or web 2 a different type of communication network generally known as internet or web 2 .
  • the switched telephone network 1 comprises in general one or more Service Control Points (“SCP”) 4 , one or more Service Switching Points (“SSP”) 5 and a Service Management System (“SMS”) 6 .
  • SCP Service Control Points
  • SSP Service Switching Points
  • SMS Service Management System
  • the service control point 4 also called signal control point, is a remote database within a System Signalling 7 (“SS7”) network and it supplies the translation and routing data needed to deliver advanced network services.
  • the service control point 4 may use scripts provided by the service management system 6 to set up telephone connections between telephone devices, such as 8 and 9 , through one or more service switching points 5 .
  • Such scripts are also called Intelligent Network (“IN”) scripts.
  • One of such scripts may be a script 10 for setting up a conference call between telephone devices 8 , 9 according to the invention, which will be described hereinafter.
  • the internet 2 comprises a plurality of web servers 15 , one of which is shown.
  • the web server 15 has an Internet Provider (“IP”) port by which it connects to an Internet Gateway (“ING”) 16 .
  • IP Internet Provider
  • ING Internet Gateway
  • the internet gateway 16 is, for the purpose of the invention, connected to a service control point 4 of the switched telephone network 1 and communicates with the service control point in compliance with the Signalling System 7 .
  • the web server 19 is directly or with other web servers in between connected to a plurality of web client terminals, such as web client terminal 18 .
  • An operator 19 of the web client terminal 18 who wants to set up a telephone conference call may do so from any place with an internet connection, whether the operator wants to participate in the conference call (through a telephone device 8 , not through the web client terminal 18 ) or not.
  • the web server 15 calls a conference application 21 , with serves the web client terminal 18 with a web page by which the operator 19 may input telephone numbers of telephone devices 8 , 9 for which he wants to set up a telephone conference call.
  • Set web page needs only to comprise boxes which he can fill out with the telephone numbers of wanted participants of the conference call and a “send” or “submit” button to upload his input to the conference application 21 of the web server 15 .
  • the conference application 21 will upload the plurality of telephone numbers received from the web client terminal 18 to the service control point 4 of the telephone network 1 through a mediator 22 , which serves to interface with the Internet Gateway 16 and which may comprise an Application Programming Interface (“API”).
  • API Application Programming Interface
  • the service control point 4 Upon receipt of the plurality of telephone numbers uploaded by the web server 15 the service control point 4 invokes the intelligent network conference script 10 in the service management system 6 .
  • This script is used to connect the telephone devices 8 , 9 of the plurality of telephone numbers by instructing the service control point 4 to do so.
  • the script 10 may be more complex, dependent on requirements on charging, statistics and what to do if one of the parties is not answering or finishes.
  • Authentication and charging may also be carried out by a Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (“RADIUS”) protocol, the use of which is known per se within the internet.
  • RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial In User Service
  • the diagram of FIG. 2 differs from the diagram of FIG. 1 by that the web server 15 is replaced by the web server 24 which connects to the service control point 4 of the switched telephone network 1 by using the Network Intelligence Communication Application Protocol (“NICAP”). Therefore, the web server 24 may comprise the Customer Interaction Platform (“CIP”) 25 , which is a layered platform, comprising a communication layer, an application layer, a resource layer and a media control layer.
  • CIP Customer Interaction Platform
  • the conference application 26 in stead of conference application 21 of FIG. 1 , can than be build in the application layer of the CIP 25 and may use components of the resource and media control layers of the CIP 25 .
  • the web server 24 which incorporates the customer interaction platform 25 , at least part thereof providing the conference application 26 , it is not only possible to upload data, in particular the plurality of telephone numbers, to the intelligent network conference script 10 of the switched telephone network 1 , but also to download data, in particular information on the states of telephone connections, to the web server 24 and from the web server 24 to the web client terminal 18 .
  • the web client can be served with more capabilities than within the system according to FIG. 1
  • the customer interaction platform 25 is more complex than the conference application 21 and the mediator 22 of the system of FIG. 1
  • NICAP is company proprietary, which may hinder adoption thereof by other companies.
  • the method according to the invention as described with reference to the FIGS. 1 , 2 provides a very easy, quick and cheap way to set up a telephone conference call between telephone devices 8 , 9 of, or connected to a (public) switched telephone network through the internet.

Abstract

Method and system for setting up connections between a plurality of telephone devices (8, 9) of a switched telephone network (1), for establishing a conference call, comprising connecting a web client terminal (18) to a web server (15, 24) of the internet (2), on request by the terminal (18) running a conference application (26) on the web server (15, 24) to serve the client terminal (18) with a web page to return a plurality of telephone numbers corresponding to respective ones of the plurality of telephone devices (8, 9), in response to receipt of the plurality of telephone numbers by the web server (15, 24) uploading the plurality of telephone numbers by the web server (15, 24) to a service control point (4) of the switched telephone network (1) thereby initiating a conference call script (10) of a service management system (6) supporting the service control point (4) for setting up said telephone connections.

Description

The invention relates to a method for setting up connections between a plurality of telephone devices in a switched telephone network for establishing a conference call.
With a known method of the above type a complicated procedure is used within the switched telephone network involving special telephone numbers and dedicated access code or operator assistance. Accordingly, with the known method setting up a conference call is time consuming and expensive in addition.
It is an object of the invention to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages.
For solving said object the invention provides a method according to claim 1.
The conference application of the web server called by the browser of the web client terminal will provide a web page which need to comprise only boxes to be filled out with telephone numbers by an operator of the terminal and a “submit” button to upload the plurality of telephone numbers of the filled out boxes to the web server. From the web server the plurality of telephone numbers are uploaded to a service control point of the switched telephone network, which as a result thereof initiates a dedicated conference Intelligent Network Service Script, which will instruct the service control point to set up the telephone connections relating to the plurality of telephone numbers.
Therefore, the method for setting up a telephone conference call according to the invention is very easy and quickly to carry out by a person who wants to initiate a conference call, without the need of special telephone numbers and special skills, and thus saving time and money.
The invention also relates to a system according to claim 8.
Other characteristics of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a first combination of the internet network and a telephone network according to the invention for setting up a telephone conference call; and
FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a second combination of the internet network and a telephone network according to the invention for setting up a telephone conference call.
Firstly it is observed that the abbreviations and their meanings used hereinafter are known in the art.
The diagram of FIG. 1 shows a combination of a switched telephone network 1, in particular a Public Switched Telephone Network (“PSTN”), and a different type of communication network generally known as internet or web 2.
The switched telephone network 1 comprises in general one or more Service Control Points (“SCP”) 4, one or more Service Switching Points (“SSP”) 5 and a Service Management System (“SMS”) 6.
The service control point 4, also called signal control point, is a remote database within a System Signalling 7 (“SS7”) network and it supplies the translation and routing data needed to deliver advanced network services. The service control point 4 may use scripts provided by the service management system 6 to set up telephone connections between telephone devices, such as 8 and 9, through one or more service switching points 5. Such scripts are also called Intelligent Network (“IN”) scripts. One of such scripts may be a script 10 for setting up a conference call between telephone devices 8, 9 according to the invention, which will be described hereinafter.
The internet 2 comprises a plurality of web servers 15, one of which is shown. The web server 15 has an Internet Provider (“IP”) port by which it connects to an Internet Gateway (“ING”) 16. The internet gateway 16 is, for the purpose of the invention, connected to a service control point 4 of the switched telephone network 1 and communicates with the service control point in compliance with the Signalling System 7.
In addition the web server 19 is directly or with other web servers in between connected to a plurality of web client terminals, such as web client terminal 18. An operator 19 of the web client terminal 18 who wants to set up a telephone conference call may do so from any place with an internet connection, whether the operator wants to participate in the conference call (through a telephone device 8, not through the web client terminal 18) or not.
Although the same physical connections may be used in the telephone network 1 and the internet 2 communication with in each network is very different. Apart from setting up and breaking a connection there is no communication between the switched telephone network 1 and telephone devices 8, 9 to which it is connected. To the contrary, with the internet 2 communication takes place between computers, in particular a server program on a web server 15 and a browser on a web client terminal 18 by using the Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (“HTTP”).
Communication of speech between operators 19 of different web client terminals is known per se but takes place completely within the internet 2 and said terminals 18. Because of the very different type of communication with respect to the telephone network 1 such communication of speech through the internet 2 has a poor quality and is by far insufficient to build a conference call through the internet with.
According to the invention, upon request by the operator 19 via his web client terminal 18 the web server 15 calls a conference application 21, with serves the web client terminal 18 with a web page by which the operator 19 may input telephone numbers of telephone devices 8, 9 for which he wants to set up a telephone conference call. Set web page needs only to comprise boxes which he can fill out with the telephone numbers of wanted participants of the conference call and a “send” or “submit” button to upload his input to the conference application 21 of the web server 15. As a result thereof, the conference application 21 will upload the plurality of telephone numbers received from the web client terminal 18 to the service control point 4 of the telephone network 1 through a mediator 22, which serves to interface with the Internet Gateway 16 and which may comprise an Application Programming Interface (“API”).
Upon receipt of the plurality of telephone numbers uploaded by the web server 15 the service control point 4 invokes the intelligent network conference script 10 in the service management system 6. This script, as proposed by the invention, is used to connect the telephone devices 8, 9 of the plurality of telephone numbers by instructing the service control point 4 to do so. Apart from this basical function the script 10 may be more complex, dependent on requirements on charging, statistics and what to do if one of the parties is not answering or finishes.
Once the conference call has been set up by the operator 19 he may terminate the communication between his terminal 18 and the web server 15. On the other hand, he could maintain the communication between his terminal 18 and the web server 15 for charging purposes, for which another application at the web server 15 could be used. Authentication and charging may also be carried out by a Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (“RADIUS”) protocol, the use of which is known per se within the internet.
The diagram of FIG. 2 differs from the diagram of FIG. 1 by that the web server 15 is replaced by the web server 24 which connects to the service control point 4 of the switched telephone network 1 by using the Network Intelligence Communication Application Protocol (“NICAP”). Therefore, the web server 24 may comprise the Customer Interaction Platform (“CIP”) 25, which is a layered platform, comprising a communication layer, an application layer, a resource layer and a media control layer. The conference application 26, in stead of conference application 21 of FIG. 1, can than be build in the application layer of the CIP 25 and may use components of the resource and media control layers of the CIP 25.
By using the web server 24, which incorporates the customer interaction platform 25, at least part thereof providing the conference application 26, it is not only possible to upload data, in particular the plurality of telephone numbers, to the intelligent network conference script 10 of the switched telephone network 1, but also to download data, in particular information on the states of telephone connections, to the web server 24 and from the web server 24 to the web client terminal 18.
Although with the system according to FIG. 2 the web client can be served with more capabilities than within the system according to FIG. 1, the customer interaction platform 25 is more complex than the conference application 21 and the mediator 22 of the system of FIG. 1, and NICAP is company proprietary, which may hinder adoption thereof by other companies.
The method according to the invention as described with reference to the FIGS. 1, 2 provides a very easy, quick and cheap way to set up a telephone conference call between telephone devices 8, 9 of, or connected to a (public) switched telephone network through the internet.

Claims (8)

1. Method for setting up connections between a plurality of telephone devices (8, 9) of a switched telephone network (1), for establishing a conference call, comprising:
a) setting up an internet (2) communication from a web client terminal (18) to a web server (15, 24);
b) on request by the web client terminal (18) to the web server (15, 24) serving the client terminal (18) with a conference application (21, 26);
c) by using the conference application (21, 26) providing a plurality of telephone numbers corresponding to respective ones of the plurality of telephone devices (8, 9) from the web client terminal (18) to the web server (15, 24);
d) setting up a communication from the web server (15, 24) to a service control point (4) of the switched telephone network (1);
e) providing the plurality of telephone numbers from the web server (15, 24) to the service control point (4);
f) at the service control point (4), on receiving the plurality of telephone numbers from the web server (15, 24), initiating an Intelligent Network (IN) script (10);
g) by executing the script (10) by the service control point (4) setting up telephone connections between the plurality of telephone devices (8, 9).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the communication the Internet Gateway (“ING”) (16) is used.
3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the conference application (21) communicates with the service control point (4) through an ING mediator (22).
4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the communication the Network Intelligence Communication Application Protocol (“NICAP”) is used.
5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the conference application (26) communicates with the service control point (4) through a NICAP mediator (26).
6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the NICAP mediator (26) is provided by a Customer Interaction Platform (CIP) (25).
7. Method according to any of the claims 46, characterized in that the conference application (26) and the script (10) allow to change the plurality of telephone numbers from the web client terminal (18) to set up additional or to break existing telephone connections.
8. System for setting up connections between a plurality of telephone devices (8, 9) of a switched telephone network (1) having a service control point (4), which is suitable for setting up a telephone connection between telephone devices, comprising a web client terminal (18) and a web server (15, 24), which is connected to the client terminal (18) and the telephone network (1), in which the web client terminal (18) may carry out a conference call set up application supported by the web server (15, 24) for submitting telephone numbers of respective telephone devices (8, 9) to the web server (15, 24), the web server (15, 24) forwards the telephone numbers to the service control point (4) of the telephone network (1), and the service control point (4) carries out a dedicated Intelligent Network (IN) script (10) for setting up telephone connections between telephone devices having the telephone numbers submitted to the web server (18).
US10/363,286 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Method and system for setting up a telephone conference call in a switched telephone network through the internet Expired - Lifetime US7218715B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2000/008409 WO2002019677A1 (en) 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Method and system for setting up a telephone conference call in a switched telephone network through the internet

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US7218715B1 true US7218715B1 (en) 2007-05-15

Family

ID=8164078

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/363,286 Expired - Lifetime US7218715B1 (en) 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Method and system for setting up a telephone conference call in a switched telephone network through the internet

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7218715B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2000270005A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2381157B (en)
WO (1) WO2002019677A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101707593B (en) * 2009-11-17 2012-12-19 红杉树(杭州)信息技术有限公司 Conference system based on tree-shaped servers, PC client sides and telephone terminals

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2000270005A1 (en) 2000-08-28 2002-03-13 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Method and system for setting up a telephone conference call in a switched telephone network through the internet
GB0219947D0 (en) * 2002-08-28 2002-10-02 Nokia Corp Conferencing system
GB2428347A (en) * 2005-07-09 2007-01-24 Ring2 Comm Ltd Recording telephone conversations in a conference call environment

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0836295A2 (en) 1996-09-23 1998-04-15 International Business Machines Corporation Control of a telephone switching system over a digital information network
US5995608A (en) 1997-03-28 1999-11-30 Confertech Systems Inc. Method and apparatus for on-demand teleconferencing
US6055232A (en) * 1997-08-15 2000-04-25 Alcatel Usa Sourcing, L.P. Telecommunications network architecture deploying intelligent network services in a legacy network
WO2002019677A1 (en) 2000-08-28 2002-03-07 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Method and system for setting up a telephone conference call in a switched telephone network through the internet
US6754709B1 (en) * 2000-03-29 2004-06-22 Microsoft Corporation Application programming interface and generalized network address translator for intelligent transparent application gateway processes
US6874024B2 (en) * 1999-11-30 2005-03-29 International Business Machines Corporation Visualizing access to a computer resource

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0836295A2 (en) 1996-09-23 1998-04-15 International Business Machines Corporation Control of a telephone switching system over a digital information network
US5995608A (en) 1997-03-28 1999-11-30 Confertech Systems Inc. Method and apparatus for on-demand teleconferencing
US6055232A (en) * 1997-08-15 2000-04-25 Alcatel Usa Sourcing, L.P. Telecommunications network architecture deploying intelligent network services in a legacy network
US6874024B2 (en) * 1999-11-30 2005-03-29 International Business Machines Corporation Visualizing access to a computer resource
US6754709B1 (en) * 2000-03-29 2004-06-22 Microsoft Corporation Application programming interface and generalized network address translator for intelligent transparent application gateway processes
WO2002019677A1 (en) 2000-08-28 2002-03-07 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Method and system for setting up a telephone conference call in a switched telephone network through the internet

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Gibson, D. L., Pauley, D. and Willis, L., "Unattended Audioconferencing," BT Technology Journal, G. B., vol. 15, No. 4, Oct. 1997, pp. 26-32, XP000722031.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101707593B (en) * 2009-11-17 2012-12-19 红杉树(杭州)信息技术有限公司 Conference system based on tree-shaped servers, PC client sides and telephone terminals

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2381157B (en) 2004-01-07
GB2381157A (en) 2003-04-23
WO2002019677A1 (en) 2002-03-07
GB0301676D0 (en) 2003-02-26
AU2000270005A1 (en) 2002-03-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6144667A (en) Network-based method and apparatus for initiating and completing a telephone call via the internet
US6747970B1 (en) Methods and apparatus for providing communications services between connectionless and connection-oriented networks
US6650901B1 (en) System and method for providing user-configured telephone service in a data network telephony system
US6628666B1 (en) Managing bandwidth on demand for internet protocol messaging with capability for transforming telephony calls from one media type to another media type
US6744759B1 (en) System and method for providing user-configured telephone service in a data network telephony system
US6856616B1 (en) System and method for providing service provider configurations for telephones using a central server in a data network telephony system
US6937699B1 (en) System and method for advertising using data network telephone connections
US20070036127A1 (en) Ip-based call establishment
US6226286B1 (en) Apparatus and method for communication between data network and telecommunication network
KR20010041478A (en) Establishing a voice call from a client computer via a bridgeport
CA2339921A1 (en) Point-of-presence call center management system
EP1363444B1 (en) Presence-aware private branch exchange (PBX)
CN103404120A (en) A network abstraction gateway and corresponding method to abstract an endpoint
US20070058613A1 (en) Integrating telephonic service subscribers
CN101147364B (en) Integrated system and method routing optimized communication path of multimedia data under user's configuration of communication
US9185232B2 (en) Method and apparatus for creating and distributing cost telephony-switching functionality within an IP network
AU728548C (en) Device and method for communication between a data network and a telecommunications network
EP2476243B1 (en) Route select service
US7218715B1 (en) Method and system for setting up a telephone conference call in a switched telephone network through the internet
US8072970B2 (en) Post answer call redirection via voice over IP
Lu et al. Toward the PSTN/Internet Inter-Networking--Pre-PINT Implementations
US20030055887A1 (en) Method for extending a data network connection
US20050169450A1 (en) Method of automatically accessing a telephone conference, and a system for implementing the method
EP1514403A2 (en) Method for managing communications
US20040205160A1 (en) Method for managing communications

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL), SWEDEN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ZUURVELD, MARCO;GOEIJERS, PETRUS JOHANNES ADRIANUS;REEL/FRAME:016106/0339;SIGNING DATES FROM 20050518 TO 20050519

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 8

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 12TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1553); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 12