US7199488B1 - Telemetry power system - Google Patents
Telemetry power system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7199488B1 US7199488B1 US10/965,423 US96542304A US7199488B1 US 7199488 B1 US7199488 B1 US 7199488B1 US 96542304 A US96542304 A US 96542304A US 7199488 B1 US7199488 B1 US 7199488B1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- power
- power bus
- voltage
- current
- wireless communications
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
- H02J13/00024—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission by means of mobile telephony
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/123—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving renewable energy sources
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a portable, self-contained, low-voltage power system for a transportable telemetry unit, and more particularly to an improved telemetry power system that provides flexibility to optimize power requirements while providing a long-lived power storage system.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide a long-life power storage system, which removes the high current draw of wireless communications transmissions from the usage profile of a battery, to thereby increase the battery life and permit a reduction in battery size.
- Yet another object is to provide a long-life power storage and delivery system which is flexible for configurations to optimize power requirements of a variety of low voltage telemetry applications.
- the long-life telemetry power storage and delivery system of the present invention includes a power bus electrically connected through a voltage regulator to a wireless communications unit operable for periodic high-current transmissions.
- the power bus is connected to a direct power source and at least three power storage sources.
- the direct power source includes at least one solar panel.
- the power storage sources include: (1) a primary, low-voltage, non-rechargeable battery; (2) a secondary, low-voltage, rechargeable battery; and (3) a set of high capacity capacitors.
- current limiting resistors are interposed between the power bus and the primary and secondary batteries, such that high current requirements of a transmission are supplied by the set of capacitors rather than the batteries.
- FIG. 1 is a pictorial schematic view of a portable self-contained tracking unit using the power system of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the power storage and delivery system of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is an electrical schematic of the preferred embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 is an end elevational view of a tracking unit using the power delivery and storage system of the present invention, with portions cut away to reveal the interior of the unit.
- a tracking and monitoring unit using the power system of the present invention is designated generally at 10 , and is shown mounted on a vertical sidewall 12 of a railroad freight car 14 .
- a tracking and monitoring unit 10 may be attached to a wide variety of objects that are desired to by tracked, such as tractor-trailer units, cargo containers, and other objects and shipments.
- Tracking information is received from a plurality of GPS satellites 16 and processed by tracking unit 10 .
- a data packet is then transmitted via cellular telephone to a cell tower 18 , thence by a cellular service provider 20 to an Internet-connected server computer 22 .
- a satellite telemetry communication system may be used as an alternative to the cellular telephone system.
- tracking information in the data packet is routed from the cellular service provider 20 to a data service bureau 24 , which then sends the data over the Internet to server computer 22 , where it is decoded and loaded into a computer database utilizing an automated software interface.
- This computer database in server computer 22 is accessible to customers 26 through a web page interface.
- the power storage and delivery system of the present invention is designated generally at 30 .
- the wireless communications module 32 is shown from the tracking and monitoring unit 10 of FIG. 1 . This is because the daily high-current draws of the unit 10 , typically in the range of about 2 amperes, occur in the communications module 32 .
- the communications module 32 of the telemetry system is a low-voltage system (less than about 12 Volts)
- a voltage regulator 34 is installed between the power bus 36 and communications module 32 .
- voltage regulator 34 maintains an output voltage of 3.3 Volts.
- Power from the power bus 36 may come from either a direct source or a storage source, or both.
- Two examples of direct sources are shown in FIG. 2 .
- the tracking unit 10 of FIG. 1 is provided with solar panels 38 oriented orthogonal to each other, to provide the best arrangement for continuous power supply. Solar panels 38 are diode-isolated from power bus 36 by diodes 40 , and preferably supply power in the range of 12–18 Volts.
- Another possible direct source of power is an external power source 42 .
- Certain types of applications of the tracking unit 10 would permit access to standard external power sources, such as a 110-volt AC electrical outlet, for intermittent periods of time. Other possible sources range from 12 Volt DC current to 230 Volt AC current. Because of the large number of potential types of external power sources, external power source 42 supplies power through a power-conditioning unit 44 , which will rectify the power (if AC current) and limit the current before the power proceeds to power bus 36 .
- the storage source of power for power bus 36 includes three different sources.
- a primary battery 46 is provided to provide power to bus 36 and thence to module 32 .
- the use of a primary battery 46 is typical in the prior art, but the drawback of prior art systems is the high-current draw from module 32 on a daily basis. This frequent and periodic high-current load drains primary battery 46 very quickly, thereby requiring replacement at frequent intervals.
- the industry would typically provide an oversize primary battery in order to extend the replacement intervals for the battery. This in turn, is detrimental to the size and weight characteristics of the tracking unit 10 .
- primary battery 46 is connected to power bus 36 through a current limiting resistor 48 and an isolating diode 50 .
- Diode 50 prevents charging of primary battery 46 , while resistor 48 limits the discharge current experienced by the battery, and hence increases its lifetime.
- a secondary battery 52 is provided to supply power to bus 36 .
- the third source of storage power is a set of high capacity capacitors 56 .
- the capacitors 56 will provide the power during intervals of high-current loads, as the communications module 32 transmits data. This relieves the primary and secondary batteries from this life-shortening task, and further extends the life of the tracking unit 10 . Having all three storage systems available allows flexibility in meeting a customer's specific requirements, without redesign. Providing dual capacitor and secondary battery solutions to the primary battery provides a highly reliable unit for the many-year life of the secondary batteries, and then can gracefully degrade to the performance level of a capacitor-only system should the batteries fail to hold their charge.
- Power bus 36 is depicted as the upper horizontal line in this drawing and is preferably a 10 Volt bus.
- the power sources (both direct and storage) have a common ground/return.
- the direct power source from solar panels 38 (shown in FIG. 2 ) is connected to telemetry power system 30 via a connector 58 .
- the positive terminals of the two solar panels are connected through diodes 40 to power bus 36 .
- the second direct power source is connected to power system 30 via connector 60 .
- Resistors 48 limit the current from source 60 , and rectifier 64 transforms AC current to low-voltage DC current upstream of its connection to power bus 36 .
- the first power storage source, primary battery 46 is shown on the right side of the drawing, with its positive terminal connected to the power bus through resistor 48 and diode 50 .
- primary battery 46 is a 9-volt long-life Lithium or Alkaline battery.
- the second power storage source, secondary battery 52 is shown adjacent primary battery 46 , with its positive terminal connected to the power bus through resistor 54 .
- secondary battery 52 is an 8–9 volt rechargeable NiMH battery.
- the third power storage source is a set of four serially connected low voltage (2.5 volt) high-capacity (at least 10 F.) capacitors 56 .
- capacitors 56 require a means of maintaining a balanced voltage from cell to cell.
- Prior art efforts disclose the use of a resistor ladder to accomplish this goal.
- the inventor herein has devised a solution by the installation of a series of active shunting components 66 , each in parallel with each capacitor. This is superior to the resistor ladder because it only shunts (excess) power when the capacitors are fully charged.
- the shunts can provide significant bypass current to quickly achieve an exact balance.
- the two direct power sources and three storage power sources are all connected to power bus 36 , which is in turn connected to the input terminal of voltage regulator 34 . Power from voltage regulator 34 is then output to the wireless communications module 32 (shown in FIG. 2 ) and other desired components via conductor VCC.
- Tracking and monitoring unit 10 includes a base plate 70 designed for attachment to a wide variety of containers and other shipments which are desired to be tracked.
- An enclosure 72 is screwed to plate 70 and preferably includes a pair of generally orthogonally oriented sidewalls 72 a and 72 b , forming a hollow cavity 74 having a triangular cross-section.
- a pair of solar panels 76 and 78 are mounted to the exterior faces of sidewalls 72 a and 72 b .
- Each solar panel 76 and 78 includes a plurality of photoelectric cells, and has a pair of wires extending therefrom to provide a source of intermittent direct electrical power to the tracking unit 10 .
- the material of sidewalls 72 a and 72 b is radio frequency transparent, to permit signals from GPS as well as transmissions from the transmitter of the tracking unit to pass through the walls of enclosure 72 .
- Enclosure 72 also houses the various electrical components of the tracking unit 10 , including power storage and delivery system 30 , to thereby protect them from weather and the outdoor environment. These electrical components include wireless communications module 32 (shown in FIG. 2 ), as well as a GPS receiver, a microprocessor, and various other sensors for detecting a variety of environmental conditions of the tracking unit 10 and the shipment to which it is attached. These electrical components are designated generally at 80 in FIG. 4 .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/965,423 US7199488B1 (en) | 2004-10-14 | 2004-10-14 | Telemetry power system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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US10/965,423 US7199488B1 (en) | 2004-10-14 | 2004-10-14 | Telemetry power system |
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US7199488B1 true US7199488B1 (en) | 2007-04-03 |
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US10/965,423 Active 2025-10-07 US7199488B1 (en) | 2004-10-14 | 2004-10-14 | Telemetry power system |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060068242A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-03-30 | Yasuaki Norimatsu | Electric power source apparatus using fuel cell and method of controlling the same |
US20060068239A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-03-30 | Yasuaki Norimatsu | Electric power source apparatus using fuel cell and method of controlling the same |
US20090243385A1 (en) * | 2006-07-10 | 2009-10-01 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Power Supply System, Vehicle Using the Same and its Control Method |
US20180227849A1 (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2018-08-09 | Itron Networked Solutions, Inc. | Battery control for safeguarding lower voltage integrated circuits |
US10123170B2 (en) | 2016-05-11 | 2018-11-06 | Verizon Patent And Licensing Inc. | Energy storage management in solar-powered tracking devices |
US11611815B2 (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2023-03-21 | Freightlucid, Llc | Railcar sensor communication system |
US11912319B2 (en) | 2019-08-21 | 2024-02-27 | Freightlucid, Llc | Bulk metallic glass load cell |
Citations (14)
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US4122396A (en) | 1974-08-01 | 1978-10-24 | Grazier James A | Stable solar power source for portable electrical devices |
US4980574A (en) | 1990-01-23 | 1990-12-25 | Photocomm, Inc. | Solar irrigation D.C. to A.C. power system supplying A.C. voltage at a precise power frequency |
US5063340A (en) * | 1990-10-25 | 1991-11-05 | Motorola, Inc. | Capacitive power supply having charge equalization circuit |
US5235232A (en) | 1989-03-03 | 1993-08-10 | E. F. Johnson Company | Adjustable-output electrical energy source using light-emitting polymer |
US5572108A (en) | 1992-01-07 | 1996-11-05 | Windes; John A. | Power system using battery-charged capacitors |
US5592074A (en) | 1992-06-26 | 1997-01-07 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Battery power supply system |
US5821733A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1998-10-13 | Packard Bell Nec | Multiple cell and serially connected rechargeable batteries and charging system |
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US6166515A (en) | 1998-10-21 | 2000-12-26 | Astrium Sas | Electrical power supply circuit having a solar generator and a battery |
US6194793B1 (en) | 1998-08-07 | 2001-02-27 | Okc Products, Inc. | Apparatus and method for charging an energy storage source |
US6362597B2 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2002-03-26 | Telxon Corporation | Power distribution in a portable device |
US20020158584A1 (en) | 2001-04-27 | 2002-10-31 | Cordaro James F. | Electric power system with painted-capacitor energy storage, and its fabrication |
US20040053082A1 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2004-03-18 | Mccluskey Donald | Method and system for balanced control of backup power |
US20040183673A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-09-23 | Nageli Hans Peter | Portable detachable self-contained tracking unit for two-way satellite communication with a central server |
-
2004
- 2004-10-14 US US10/965,423 patent/US7199488B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (14)
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US4122396A (en) | 1974-08-01 | 1978-10-24 | Grazier James A | Stable solar power source for portable electrical devices |
US5235232A (en) | 1989-03-03 | 1993-08-10 | E. F. Johnson Company | Adjustable-output electrical energy source using light-emitting polymer |
US4980574A (en) | 1990-01-23 | 1990-12-25 | Photocomm, Inc. | Solar irrigation D.C. to A.C. power system supplying A.C. voltage at a precise power frequency |
US5063340A (en) * | 1990-10-25 | 1991-11-05 | Motorola, Inc. | Capacitive power supply having charge equalization circuit |
US5572108A (en) | 1992-01-07 | 1996-11-05 | Windes; John A. | Power system using battery-charged capacitors |
US5592074A (en) | 1992-06-26 | 1997-01-07 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Battery power supply system |
US5821733A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1998-10-13 | Packard Bell Nec | Multiple cell and serially connected rechargeable batteries and charging system |
US6194793B1 (en) | 1998-08-07 | 2001-02-27 | Okc Products, Inc. | Apparatus and method for charging an energy storage source |
US6166515A (en) | 1998-10-21 | 2000-12-26 | Astrium Sas | Electrical power supply circuit having a solar generator and a battery |
US6100665A (en) | 1999-05-25 | 2000-08-08 | Alderman; Robert J. | Electrical power system with relatively-low voltage input and method |
US6362597B2 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2002-03-26 | Telxon Corporation | Power distribution in a portable device |
US20020158584A1 (en) | 2001-04-27 | 2002-10-31 | Cordaro James F. | Electric power system with painted-capacitor energy storage, and its fabrication |
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US20040183673A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-09-23 | Nageli Hans Peter | Portable detachable self-contained tracking unit for two-way satellite communication with a central server |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060068242A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-03-30 | Yasuaki Norimatsu | Electric power source apparatus using fuel cell and method of controlling the same |
US20060068239A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-03-30 | Yasuaki Norimatsu | Electric power source apparatus using fuel cell and method of controlling the same |
US7667350B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2010-02-23 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Electric power source apparatus using fuel cell and method of controlling the same |
US20090243385A1 (en) * | 2006-07-10 | 2009-10-01 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Power Supply System, Vehicle Using the Same and its Control Method |
US7928603B2 (en) * | 2006-07-10 | 2011-04-19 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Power supply system, vehicle using the same and its control method |
US10123170B2 (en) | 2016-05-11 | 2018-11-06 | Verizon Patent And Licensing Inc. | Energy storage management in solar-powered tracking devices |
US20180227849A1 (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2018-08-09 | Itron Networked Solutions, Inc. | Battery control for safeguarding lower voltage integrated circuits |
US11153819B2 (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2021-10-19 | Itron Networked Solutions, Inc. | Battery control for safeguarding lower voltage integrated circuits |
US11912319B2 (en) | 2019-08-21 | 2024-02-27 | Freightlucid, Llc | Bulk metallic glass load cell |
US11611815B2 (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2023-03-21 | Freightlucid, Llc | Railcar sensor communication system |
US11849266B2 (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2023-12-19 | Freightlucid, Llc | Railcar sensor communication system |
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