US693787A - Threshing-machine. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Feb. I8, |902.

W. HfCNVER & J. W. MILES.

-THRESHING MACHINE.

(Alplcation filed May 10l 1900.)

No Model.) 43 Sheets-Sheet-l.

. TQQ-Z J .77 '6 .l vlNihil", llwlL] No. 693,787. Patented Feb. I8, |902.

W. H. CONOVER & J. W. MILES. u

THRESHING MACHINE.

(Application iled May 10, 1900.) QN o Wl o d e I 3 Sheets-Sh'aet 2.

vOGOOO IILLIAM II. OONOVER AND JOHN WV. MILES, OF BIRDS, ILLINOIS.

THRESHlNG-IVIACHINE.

SPECIFIGATEON forming part of Letters Patent No. 693,787, dated February 18, 1902,

Application filed May 10, 1900. Serial No. 16,129. (No model.)

To all whom ztmfty concern,.-

Be it known thatwe,WILLIAM H. CoNovER and JOHN WV. MILES, citizens of the United States, residing at Birds, in the county of Lawrence and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Threshing-Machines; and we do hereby de this country, and repeated efforts to thresh the suniiower-seeds with the ordinary threshing-machines have resulted in failure. Such machines can also not be successfully used with beans,stockpeas,and buckwheat,owin g, among other reasons, to the fact that the cylinder travels at too high aspeed with respect to the remainder of the machine, while if all the parts are run at a lower speed the machine chokes and clogs and requires frequent cleaning. Furthermore, the teeth in the cylinder and concave are ordinarily of such shape and location as to crack the kernels, the elevating and rethreshing is undesirable, and the ordinary type of open cylinder soon becomes choked with particles of seed and chaff.

The present invention consists in a threshing-machine which, while possessing many details common to the type now in use, is especially designed to overcome the above objections, so as to successfully operate in connection with sunflower-seed, beans, stockpeas, buckwheat, and the like.

The following specification describes the machine complete, including our features of improvement, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is an elevation of the right side of the machine, with the chute removed and the feeders platform and rear carrier raised as for transportation. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section,with all parts in place ready for use. Fig. 2 is a perspective detail of the rake. Fig. 3 is a left side elevation. Fig. 4 is a plan view with the cover removed. Fig. 5 is an end view of the cylinder with one of its bars slightly removed. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the main concave. Fig. 7` is a plan View of the supplemental'concave to be used when the seed or grain is damp or'wet. Fig. S is a plan view of a blank to be substituted for the supplemental concave when the seed or grain is dry. Fig. 9 is a plan view of the grate. Fig. 10 is a plan view of the grainpan. Fig. 11 is a detail of the shoe-frame and sieves. Fig. 12 is a perspective detail of one of the blocks forming a bearing for the cylinder-shaft.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the main framework, to the front end of which are hinged a pair of arms 2, carrying a feeders platform 3, supported in operative position by hooks -iL engaging eyes 5 and adapted to be raised and engaged with the eyes 6 when the machine is to be transported. On a suitable bracket 7 is mounted a feeders table 8, having one stationary leaf and one hinged leaf 9, which may be folded into smaller space for transportation.

10 is the usual chute, removably connected at its inner end with the feed end of the machine and supported at its outer end by hooks and eyes 11. The framework is suitably constructed and supported and is preferably provided with hinged covers and other details not necessary to describe. The rear carrierframe 12 is pivoted at 13 and is supported by links 14, having notches 15 engaging pins 1G on the framework, whereby the carrier may be adjusted to the proper angles or may be raised for transportation.

The various parts hereinafter described are preferably driven by pulleys and belting connected in any suitable manner with the power- 'shaft 17, which here constitutes the axis of the cylinder and is driven with a speed. of about fifteen hundred revolutions per minute-a much lower speed than that usually imparted to the cylinders of threshing-machines. The reason for this comparatively low speed is that when the machineis used for the hulling of the seeds mentioned the revolution of the cylinder at a high speed would crack the seed. The connections from this shaft are shown clearly and are well understood by wet.

those familiar with this art, and they will not be described in detail herein.

The body-2O of the cylinder may be solid, or it may have spokes, as shown in Fig. 5, so long as its rim is solid. The working surface of the cylinder is composed of a number of bars 2l, removably secured upon the body, as by bolts, and in such manner that their edges will lie contiguous to or in contact with each other. Fixed in and projecting from each bar is one row of teeth 22, each of which is a round straight rod about half an inch in diameter and projecting about two inches. These teeth are preferably spaced two inches from centerl to center both longitudinally and circumferentially of the cylinder. The latter is fast on the main shaft 17, which is journaled in blocks or plates 25 just inside the sides Vof the framework, and the cylinder is about three feet long. y

The concave is composed of a slightlycnrved body 30, preferably having two rows ot' holes 3l: and three rows of teeth 32 of the same size and length as those on the cylinder, all teeth being spaced about two inches from center to center longitudinally, the two front rows about the same distance apart transversely, and the single rear row about three inches transversely from the intermediate row. The concave is rigidly supported (preferably by said blocks 25) beneath and in such relative position to the cylinder that the teeth of these two members shall lap for about half their lengths. We have found that this arrangement works to the best advantage when the machine is used to thresh seed of the character described.

The supplemental concave (about eight inches in width, whereas the main concave is about ten inches in width) comprises a body 40, with a longitudinal slot 4l, forward of which is a single row of teeth 42 of about the same size and spacing as those above described. 48 designates the body of a blank supplemental concave of about the saine size and provided with the same slot 4l, but omitting the teeth. Either supplemental concave is removably supported at its extremities in grooves 45 near the rear edges of said blocks 25, and the front edge of the supplemental concave abuts against the rear edge of the main concave. The toothed member is to be employed when the grain or seed is damp or The blank or plain member is to be substituted when it is dry, and either coperates with the main concave in a manner which will be clear. The reason for the use of these supplemental concaves, as described, is because there is no necessity for the teeth 42 when the hulls are dry, and it is also desired to use as few teeth as possible in order to avoid cracking the seed. We have also found that a slot 4l can be usedy in the supplemental concave instead of'holes such as are formed in the main concave. Here again the object is to permit the seed to pass through as large an opening as possible wherever 'it can be done, and thus avoid all possibility of cracking said seed.

Back' of the supplemental concave is 1ocated the grate, which consists of a flat body 50 about twelve inches wide and containing a row of holes 5l about -two inches in diameter. These holes are preferably concave, being quite large at their upper ends and taperin g downward throughout the thickness of the grate 50 to their lower ends, and the reason for this specific shape of the holes is because the grate stands beneath and coperates with -the teeth of the rake next to be described, and if said teeth moved over fine holes or even over a slot they would be apt to crack the seed or too finely break the hulls., When the points of these teeth move over the upper ends of comparatively large holes, it is obvious that this objection will not arise. Furthermore, it would be impossible when using such large rholes to make more than a single row of them without causing the grate to be excessively wide, and that would avoid the possibility of operation with' a rake-head which was driven by rotary movement. Back of the grate is located a carrier consisting of two rollers 60, connected by live parallel belts 6l, having transverse bars 62, and. driven by belting above mentioned and not herein spe cifically described.

Above the carrier is located a rake whose body is a bar extending longitudinally of the machine and pivotally mounted upon two crank-shafts 7l and 72, having cranks of different lengths. The rear crank oscillates through the lower arc of a circle while the forward one rotates, as it is connected by belting with the power-shaft, as above described. Beneath the front end of this bar 70 is a block 73, to which is secured a transverse arm 74, forming a T-head and having a number of teeth '75 in its lower edge. The direction of movement is indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2, and. the purpose of the rake is to carry the chaff away from the cylinder off the grate and onto the carrier.

Below the carrier is located the grain-pan, whose body is of tin or other sheet metal, mounted within a suitable frameSl. Projecting from the latter are pins 82,which pass through slots in the framework and are hung on links 83, while the entire grain-pan receives its motion through a pitman-rod 84., connected with a crank on a shaft standing below the cylinder. For about a third of its length the front end of this grain-pan is provided with ribs 86, facing to the rear. The central third of the length of the body is plain, and the rearmost third thereof is pierced with anumber of holes 87, each about three-fourths of an inch in diameter. The ribs 86 evidently pass the seed and chaff to the rear as the pan vibrates, on the plain portion of the pan the vibration causing the seed to settle so that the chaff will be on top, and when the perforated portion of the pan is reached the seed will obviously drop through the holes IOO IIO

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while the chaff (or at least most of the chaff) will pass off the rear end of the pan and be blown out of the machine. The grain-pan eX- tends the entire length of the machine and may have teeth 88 projecting from its rear end to support and toss rearwardly any extra long chaff or straw Whichmay have fallen onto the pan.

The shoe (see Fig. 11) comprises a shakingframe 90,whose sides are connected by fabric 91 with the interior of the framework 1 and whose bottom 92 inclines toward the feed end of the machine and delivers into a laterallyinclined spout 93. A pitman-rod 94, driven by a crank on a suitable pulley, operates a lever,95 and reciprocates a second pitman-rod 96,which through a bell-crank lever 97 gives the necessary lateral shake to the entire shoe. The shoe-frame contains cleats or guides 98, into which are inserted from the rear sieves of the proper-sized mesh, each sieve being surrounded by a frame 99, which slides upon the cleats and holds the sieve-body distended. In the present machine the upper screen or sieve 100 is of tin or metal, with holes 101 about half an inch in diameter. The second sieve 102 is similarly constructed with holes 103 about one-quarter of an inch in diameter, and the bottom 92 of the shoe is pierced with holes 104 about one-eighth of an inch in diameter. "While said bottom is not removable unless the entire shoe is withdrawn, each of the sieves can be withdrawn with its surrounding frame and repaired or replaced at will.

110 is the fan, located within a suitable casing 111 and delivering its blast to the rear throughout the length of the shoe.

In operation, the parts being in position, as best seen in Fig. 2, the material is fed in over the chute 10 and threshed by the cylinder over the concave and supplemental concave. The rake draws the chaff over the grate and delivers it onto the carrier, and the seed and grain with the finer chaff falls through the concave and grate onto the ribs of the grainpan, whence it is carried along to the rear and drops through the holes 87, while the longer straw and chaff passes off the carrier onto the rear carrier and is delivered onto the pile. The seed and grain with the finer chaff then passes through the various sieves of the shoe,

, during which the chaff is blown out and the seeds separated therefrom, and the lateral shaking of the shoe causes them to slide forward and be delivered out of the spout 93.

All parts are of the desired relative proportions and materials; but the preferable sizes are stated herein, for the reason that we have found them to be serviceable in successfully performing the work which is demanded of this machine.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a threshing-machine, the combination with' the casing, blocks secured within the sides thereof and having grooves, and a cyl inder whose Vshaft is journaled through the blocks; ofthe main concave rigidly secured to the blocks, and a supplemental concave mounted in the grooves .of lthe blocks with its front edge in contact with the rear edge of the main concave and its body provided with a slot, substantially as described.

2. In a threshing-machine, the combination with the casing, blocks secured within the sides thereof and having grooves, and a cylL inder whose shaft is journaled through the blocks; of the main concave rigidly secured to the blocks, and a supplemental concave in two members interchangeably mounted one at a time in said grooves and both longitudi# nally slotted, one member only being pro videdwith a series of teeth, substantially as described. i

3. The combination of the threshing de-V '4. In a machine for the purpose described,

tures in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM H. CONOVER. JOHN W. MILES.

Witnesses:

W. O. HUGHEs, M. 1I. BOWMAN.

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