US6372706B1 - Alkaline hard surface cleaner and process therewith - Google Patents
Alkaline hard surface cleaner and process therewith Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US6372706B1 US6372706B1 US08/725,782 US72578296A US6372706B1 US 6372706 B1 US6372706 B1 US 6372706B1 US 72578296 A US72578296 A US 72578296A US 6372706 B1 US6372706 B1 US 6372706B1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- composition according
- cleaning composition
- anionic surfactant
- carboxylate
- moieties
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- -1 alkyl phenol Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- FGQUIQAGZLBOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-non-1-enyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical group CCCCCCCC=CC1CC(=O)OC1=O FGQUIQAGZLBOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical group C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical group OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M D-gluconate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L Copper gluconate Chemical class [Cu+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- FVEFRICMTUKAML-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium tetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)CCC(CC(C)C)OS([O-])(=O)=O FVEFRICMTUKAML-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(=O)OC(C)=O Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSAJCGUYMQTAHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC(C)OC Chemical compound CCCC(C)OC XSAJCGUYMQTAHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBNQRBGNOOQVRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC(C)OC.CCCC(C)OCC.II Chemical compound CCCC(C)OC.CCCC(C)OCC.II MBNQRBGNOOQVRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSFUGUFWTYHIJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC(C)OCC.II Chemical compound CCCC(C)OCC.II LSFUGUFWTYHIJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014666 liquid concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/044—Hydroxides or bases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/19—Iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/20—Other heavy metals
-
- C11D2111/14—
-
- C11D2111/18—
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Strong alkaline cleaning solutions and concentrates therefor can be prepared without using any phosphorus or nitrogen containing surfactants by combining a weak carboxylate surfactant with at least one, or preferably both, of an aliphatic alcohol alkoxylate nonionic surfactant and an alkyl phenol alkoxylate nonionic surfactant. The predominant alkoxylates in the nonionic surfactants are ethoxylates, but at least the non-aromatic based surfactant preferably contains some propoxylate also.
Description
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a process for cleaning hard surfaces, particularly those of metal objects, which are contaminated with oil or similar materials that are widely used as lubricants in machining and/or as temporary protection against corrosion. Such oily materials normally must be substantially totally removed from a metal surface in order to prepare it for uniform formation on the surface of a coating that will provide long term protection against corrosion.
The term “alkaline cleaning solutions” as used herein includes all aqueous solutions that contain (i) at least one dissolved alkalinizing constituent, such as alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, carbonates, borates, phosphates, or silicates and (ii) either no off-setting acid or an amount of such acid that leaves the total composition with a pH greater than 8. The borates, phosphates, and silicates in this class include both simple and condensed types, such as metasilicate, pyrophosphate and tripolyphosphate, and borax and the like. The alkali and alkaline earth metals include particularly sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, barium, and the like. More particularly this invention relates to such cleaning solutions, and concentrates for making them, that contain hydroxide(s) as the sole or at least the most predominant alkalinizing constituent.
2. Statement of Related Art
Normally, alkaline cleaner compositions now used for metal surface preparation contain a surfactant component, which may be a single chemical type of surfactant or a mixture of such chemical types, including any or all of the classes of anionic, cationic, amphoteric ionic, and nonionic surfactants. (Cationic surfactants are less commonly used than the other types in metal cleaning formulations, because they are more likely to affect the subsequent processing and treatment of the metal surface in some manner that may be adverse.) Nonionic surfactants are generally preferred for cleaning power, but are not readily dissolved in highly concentrated aqueous solutions of hydroxide, which are desirable for economic reasons to minimize the cost of shipping water: If a highly concentrated liquid can be supplied as a strong alkaline cleaner concentrate, working cleaning solutions that contain the alkaline ingredients from the concentrate can be more economically prepared with local water supplies at the point of use.
It is known that the dissolution of nonionic surfactants into concentrated alkaline aqueous solutions can be aided by mixing with some types of anionic surfactants that contain phosphorous. However, there are often environmental objections to phosphorus containing cleaners. Surfactants containing amine groups, such as are used in some commercial product surfactant mixtures recommended for strongly alkaline cleaners, also can be environmentally undesirable.
One major objective of the invention is to provide an alkaline, if desired very strongly alkaline, aqueous cleaning composition and/or a surfactant combination therefor, with cleaning power at least as good as that achieved by conventional prior art compositions that utilize substantial amounts of phosphorus and/or nitrogen containing surfactants but with minimization of the amounts of phosphorus and/or nitrogen used in the compositions. Another concurrent or alternative objective is to provide alkaline aqueous cleaning compositions with better cleaning power than those of the prior art. Other objectives will appear from the description below.
Except in the claims and the operating examples, or where otherwise expressly indicated to the contrary, all numerical quantities in this description indicating amounts of material or conditions of reaction and/or use are to be understood as modified by the word “about” in describing the broadest scope of the invention. Practice within the numerical limits stated is generally preferred, however. Also, throughout the description and claims, unless expressly stated to the contrary: percent, “parts of”, and ratio values are by weight; the term “polymer” includes “oligomer”, “copolymer”, “terpolymer”, and the like; the description of a group or class of materials as suitable or preferred for a given purpose in connection with the invention implies that mixtures of any two or more of the members of the group or class are equally suitable or preferred; description of constituents in chemical terms refers to the constituents at the time of addition to any combination specified in the description, and does not necessarily preclude chemical interactions among the constituents of a mixture once mixed; specification of materials in ionic form implies the presence of sufficient counterions to produce electrical neutrality for the composition as a whole, and any counterions thus implicitly specified preferably are selected from among other constituents explicitly specified in ionic form, to the extent possible; otherwise such counterions may be freely selected, except for avoiding counterions that act adversely to the objects of the invention; and the term “mole” and its variations may be applied to ionic, chemically unstable neutral, or any other chemical species, whether actual or hypothetical, that is specified by the type(s) of atoms present and the number of each type of atom included in the unit defined, as well as to substances with well defined neutral molecules.
It has been found that a mixture of particular types of nonionic surfactants with a particular type of anionic organic material, both substantially free from any chemical elements other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, can achieve good cleaning power with acceptably low foaming in moderately to strongly alkaline aqueous cleaning compositions and has sufficient solubility to permit formulation of stable one package liquid concentrates with more than 25% of total alkali metal hydroxide content.
One preferred embodiment of the invention is an aqueous liquid composition that is suitable, as such, after dilution with water, or both as such and after dilution with water, for cleaning hard surfaces, particularly steel and galvanized steel surfaces. This composition comprises, preferably consists essentially of, or more preferably consists of, water and:
(A) an amount of a dissolved alkalinizing component;
(B) an amount of a dissolved component of organic material selected from the group consisting of molecules that contain, in each molecule, (i) at least one carboxyl or carboxylate moiety and (ii) a total of at least 10 carbon atoms; and
(C) an amount of a dissolved component of nonionic surfactants, exclusive of those that are part of any of the previously recited components, selected from molecules that each contain at least four —(CH2CH2O)— moieties, preferably joined to one another in a block;
and, optionally, one of more of the following components:
(D) an amount of a component of sequestering agent and/or chelating agent that is not part of any of the previously recited components; and
(E) an amount of a component of antifoam agent that is not part of any of the previously recited components.
Preferred alkalinizing agents for component (A) include ammonium, sodium, and potassium hydroxides, with the latter two more preferred. Both of these appear substantially equal in promoting cleaning. Sodium hydroxide is usually less expensive but also forms less soluble salts with almost any acidic material that might be added to the composition and/or is less tolerant of non-electrolytes in mutual aqueous solution with it, so that at least some potassium hydroxide is normally preferred for very strong concentrates according to the invention. In one specific preferred embodiment, only potassium and/or sodium hydroxide(s) are used for component (A).
Independently of other preferences, in a concentrate composition according to the invention, the amount of dissolved hydroxide in component (A) is such as to provide at least, with increasing preference in the order given, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.5, 3.8, 4.1, 4.4, 4.7, or 5.0 moles of OH− per kilogram of total concentrate composition. The total stoichiometric equivalent as hydroxide ions of all soluble alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides dissolved in the composition is to be considered as dissolved OH− for determining whether these preferential values are achieved, except when acids or other reagents known to be rapidly reactive with aqueous hydroxide ions are also added to the compositions; in such an instance, only the net remaining hydroxide ions after theoretically complete neutralization or other rapid reaction of such added reagents are considered to be dissolved OH−. In a working composition according to the invention, the concentration of dissolved hydroxide ions preferably is from 0.5 to 3.0% of the concentrations stated earlier in this paragraph to be preferred for concentrate compositions.
Component (B) is preferably selected from molecules that contain, in each molecule, at least two moieties selected from the group consisting of (i) carboxyl and carboxylate moieties and (ii) carbonyl and hydroxyl moieties that are not part of carboxyl or carboxylate moieties, said two moieties independently preferably being separated from each other within said molecules by at least two atoms in said molecules that are not part of said moieties. More preferably, at least two moieties selected from the group consisting only of carboxyl and carboxylate moieties are present in each molecule of component (B), and independently, the carbon atoms in each of said moieties are separated by exactly two or exactly three other atoms in a molecule of component (B). For purposes of this description, a single moiety of the general formula:
is considered to be equivalent to two carboxyl or carboxylate moieties, because it is expected to hydrolyze very rapidly to the corresponding dicarboxylic acid or salt thereof when added to a composition according to the invention. Independently of all other preferences, the molecules of component (B) preferably have numbers of total carbon atoms and of moieties selected from the group consisting of (i) carboxyl and carboxylate moieties and (ii) carbonyl and hydroxyl moieties that are not part of carboxyl or carboxylate moieties such that, in the average over all of component (B), the number of total carbon atoms has a ratio to the total number of moieties selected from the group consisting of (i) carboxyl and carboxylate moieties and (ii) carbonyl and hydroxyl moieties that are not part of carboxyl or carboxylate moieties that is at least, with increasing preference in the order given, 3.0:1.0, 3.5:1.0, 4.0:1.0, 4.5:1.0, 5.0:1.0, 5.5:1.0, or 5.9:1.0 and independently preferably is not more than, with increasing preference in the order given, 20:1.0, 18: 1.0, 16:1.0, 14:1.0, 12:1.0, 11.0:1.0, 10.0:1.0, 9.0:1.0, 8.0:1.0, 7.5:1.0, 7.0:1.0, or 6.5:1.0. Most preferably, component (B) is selected from octenyl- and nonenyl-succinic acids and their salts, which may be added to compositions either as such or as anhydrides as noted above.
Component (C) preferably includes molecules that conform to at least one of general formulas I and II:
wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and may be the same or different from one molecule to another within the component and from one location to another within a single molecule of the component; R2 represents a linear, cyclic, and/or branched, saturated or unsaturated, monovalent aliphatic moiety that (1) either (1.1) is a hydrocarbon moiety or (1.2) may be formally derived from a hydrocarbon moiety by (1.2.1) substitution of at least one halogen atom for at least one hydrogen atom and/or (1.2.2) substitution of at least one ether oxygen atom for at least one methylene group that is separated by at least three carbon atoms from the oxygen atom shown in formula (I) that is bonded directly to R2 and (2) has a total number of carbon atoms and ether oxygen atoms such that the average value for the total number of carbon atoms and ether oxygen atoms in each of the R2 moieties in the total of all of the molecules in the aqueous liquid composition that conform to general formula I is at least, with increasing preference in the order given, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 11.0, or 11.8 and independently preferably is not more than, with increasing preference in the order given, 50, 40, 30, 25, 20, 18,16, 15.0, 14.0; 13.5, 13.0, or 12.5; R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic moiety with not more than three total carbon atoms; and s represents a positive integer, but need not represent the same positive integer for each molecule; and:
wherein R1 and R3 have the same meaning as for general formula I; R4 represents a linear, cyclic, and/or branched, saturated or unsaturated, monovalent aliphatic moiety that (1) either (1.1) is a hydrocarbon moiety or (1.2) may be formally derived from a hydrocarbon moiety by (1.2.1) substitution of at least one halogen atom for at least one hydrogen atom, (1.2.2) substitution of at least one ether oxygen atom for at least one methylene group, or (1.2.3) both substitution of at least one halogen atom for at least one hydrogen atom and substitution of at least one ether oxygen atom for at least one methylene group and (2) has a total number of carbon atoms and ether oxygen atoms such that the average value, over all of the molecules in the composition that conform to general formula II, for the total number of carbon atoms and ether oxygen atoms in each of the R4 moieties in the composition is at least, with increasing preference in the order given, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 7.5, or 8.0 and independently preferably is not more than, with increasing preference in the order given, 20, 18, 16, 15.0, 14.0, 13.0, 12.0, 11.0, 10.0, or 9.0; (C6H4) represents an ortho-, meta-, or para-phenylene nucleus; and t represents a positive integer, but need not represent the same positive integer for each molecule.
The molecules of component (C) that conform to general formula I as given above may be designated collectively hereinafter as component (C.1), and analogously the molecules of component (C) that conform to general formula II as given above may be designated collectively hereinafter as component (C.2). Either or both of components (C.1) and (C.2) may, but need not necessarily, constitute all of component (C).
More preferably, independently for each preference given, independently in each of components (C.1) and (C.2) for which the specified moiety occurs in the corresponding general formula: each of R2 and R4 is linear or has only one methyl side chain on an otherwise linear structure; R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, formyl, and acetyl moieties; average values, over all of said component, for s and for the fraction of R1 for which R1 represents a hydrogen atom are such that the hydrophile-lipophile balance (hereinafter usually abbreviated as “HLB”) value1 for component (C.1) is at least, with increasing preference in the order given, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 7.9, or 8.2 and independently preferably is not more than, with increasing preference in the order given, 20.0, 19.0, 18.0, 17.0, 16.0, 15.0, 14.7, 14.4, 14.1, 13.9, or 13.7; and average values, over all of component (C.2), for t and for the fraction of R1 for which R1 represents a hydrogen atom, are such that the HLB value for component (C.2) is at least, with increasing preference in the order given, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 11.0, 11.5, 12.0, 12.3, 12.6, 12.9, 13.2, or 13.5 and independently preferably is not more than, with increasing
1If the HLB value for a particular commercial nonionic surfactant or mixture of surfactants is given as a range by its supplier and the chemical formula of the surfactant is not known, the arithmetic mean of the ends of the range is considered to be the single HLB value for the material for the purposes of the definition of this invention. If the chemical formula of a nonionic surfactant is known, the HLB value for the purposes of the definition of this invention is to be calculated by the methods described in D. Meyer, Surfactant Science and Technology {VCH Publishers, New York and Weinheim, 1988}, formulas 6-10 and 6-11 and Table 6.2 on pages 236-237. preference in the order given, 20, 18.0, 17.0, 16.5, 16.0, 15.5, 15.0, 14.5, 14.1, 13.9, or 13.8.
Still more preferably, primarily for reasons of economy and independently for each of R2 and R4: the average number, over all of component (C.2) for R4 or of component (C.1) for R2, of ether oxygen atoms per R2 or R4 moiety is not more than, with increasing preference in the order given, 2.0, 1.5, 1.0, 0.5, 0.3, 0.1, 0.02, or 0.002; and, independently, the average number, over all of component (C.2) for R4 or of component (C.1) for R2, of halogen atoms per R2 or R4 moiety is not more than, with increasing preference in the order given, 10, 8, 6, 4, 2.0, 1.5, 1.0, 0.5, 0.3, 0.1, 0.02, or 0.002.
Independently of all other stated preferences, for component (C.1), on an average over the total component, each molecule contains at least one R1 moiety that is methyl rather than hydrogen.
Preferably, a working cleaning composition according to the invention contains components (B), (C), (C.1), and (C.2) as described above in concentrations such that, independently for each preference stated: the concentration of component (C.1) is at least, with increasing preference in the order given, 0.001, 0.002, 0.004, 0.006, 0.008, or 0.010% but, primarily for reasons of economy, is not greater than, with increasing preference in the order given, 10, 5, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 0.80, 0.70, 0.60, 0.50, 0.40, 0.30, 0.20, 0.10, 0.080, 0.060, 0.040, or 0.020%; the concentration of component (C.2) is at least, with increasing preference in the order given, 0.002, 0.004, 0.008, 0.012, 0.016, or 0.020% but independently, primarily for reasons of economy, is not greater than, with increasing preference in the order given, 10, 5, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 0.80, 0.70, 0.60, 0.50, 0.40, 0.30, 0.20, 0.10, 0.080, 0.060, 0.040, or 0.030%; the ratio of the concentration of component (C.2) to the concentration, if this concentration is not zero, of component (C.1) is at least, with increasing preference in the order given, 0.10:1.0, 0.20:1.0, 0.30:1.0, 0.35:1.0, 0.40:1.0, 0.45:1.0, or 0.50:1.0 but independently is not more than, with increasing preference in the order given, 50:1.0, 40:1.0, 30:1.0, 20:1.0, 10:1.0, 9.0:1.0, 8.0:1.0, 7.0:1.0, 6.0:1.0, 5.0:1.0, 4.0:1.0, 3.0:1.0, 2.5:1.0, or 2.0:1.0; the concentration of component (B) is at least, with increasing preference in the order given, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80, 0.90, or 0.98 times the larger of (i) 4.0 times the concentration of component (C.1) and (ii) 0.50 times the concentration of component (C.2) but independently, primarily for reasons of economy, is not more than, with increasing preference in the order given, 20, 15, 12, 10, 8, 7.0, 6.5, 6.0, 5.5, 5.0, or 4.5 times greater than the concentration of total component (C).
The major reason observed for a preference for the presence of both components (C.1) and (C.2) is that the latter is more effective in cleaning and more soluble in strongly alkaline aqueous solutions but has a strong tendency to foam, whereas the former contributes some cleaning power on its own and also unexpectedly acts as an exceptionally effective defoamer for an aqueous composition otherwise including only components (A), (B), and (C.2).
Resistance to foaming is usually practically important in use of any cleaning composition, because the generation of excessive amounts of foam can make most cleaning process lines ineffective. A laboratory test that has been found generally well correlated with practical foaming resistance is performed as follows:
A volume of 100 milliliters of composition to be tested is placed in a glass stoppered graduated cylinder with at least 250 ml capacity. The cylinder and its contents are brought to temperature equilibrium by any convenient method, usually a controlled temperature bath, and then are vigorously shaken up and down by hand, while upright with the stopper in place, twenty times in quick succession. Immediately after this shaking is completed, the cylinder is placed upright on a horizontal table and the stopper is removed. A timer is started immediately after the stopper has been removed. The foam volume is determined from the graduations on the cylinder by noting the difference between the graduations at the top of the foam and at the top of the underlying liquid composition in the cylinder at a time 30±1 and/or 60±1 seconds after the timer was started.
A working composition according to the invention, or a solution in water containing 2.0% of a concentrate composition according to the invention, preferably has a foam volume when measured by the above test that is not greater than, with increasing preference in the order given, 150, 100, 75, 60, 50, 40, 30, 25, 20, 15, 12, 10, 8, 7.0, 6.0, 5.0, 4.0, 3.0, or 2.0 milliliters.
Component (B) has relatively little cleaning power but appears to act as an unexpectedly effective hydrotrope for solubilizing component (C) into strongly alkaline aqueous solutions.
Suitable sequestering agents for optional component (D) include sorbitol, mannitol, gluconates, citrates, heptogluconates, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (“EDTA”), nitrilotriacetic acid (“NTA”), and other water soluble organic compounds containing at least two carboxyl, carboxylate, and/or hydroxyl moieties, the last being exclusive of hydroxyl moieties that are part of carboxyl moieties, that are separated from one another within the molecule by at least two, more preferably by exactly two or three, other atoms that are not part of the carboxyl, carboxylate, or hydroxyl moieties, along with the salts, particularly the potassium and sodium salts, of all of the compounds previously recited in this paragraph that are acids. Gluconates, heptogluconates, EDTA, NTA, sorbitol, and/or mannitol are preferred. The concentration of sequestering agents in a concentrate composition according to the invention preferably is at least, with increasing preference in the order given, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 2.9, 3.1, or 3.3% and independently, primarily for reasons of economy, is not more than, with increasing preference in the order given, 20, 15, 10, 8.0, 7.0, 6.0, 5.0, 4.5, 4.1, 3.9, or 3.7%.
Cleaning according to the invention may be performed by any method which brings soiled hard surfaces to be cleaned into contact with a liquid working cleaning composition according to the invention for a sufficient time to transfer at least part of the soil on the hard surface into the liquid working cleaning composition, then removing the surface to be cleaned from contact with the liquid working cleaning composition, and, optionally but usually, rinsing the cleaned surface with water to remove any adherent cleaning composition. Preferably, during contact between a surface to be cleaned and a composition according to the invention, the temperature of the composition according to the invention is at least, with increasing preference in the order given, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, or 60° C. and independently, primarily for reasons of economy, preferably is not more than, with increasing preference in the order given, 90, 85, 80, 75, 70, or 65° C. Spraying the surfaces to be cleaned with a working cleaning composition is generally preferred to other methods of contacting these surfaces, because the mechanical action of spray impingement aids in rapid transfer of soils into the liquid cleaner.
Preferably, to avoid environmental pollution and for other varied reasons, compositions according to the invention preferably contain, independently for each preferably minimized component stated below, not more than, with increasing preference in the order given, 5.0, 3.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.2, 0.10, 0.05, 0.02, 0.01, 0.005, 0.002, 0.001, 0.0005, 0.0002, 0.0001, 0.00005, 0.00002, or 0.00001 percent of any of: phosphorus, nitrogen, and any material that (i) is not part of one of the necessary or optional components stated above and (ii) is regulated under U.S. law as a “Volatile Organic Compound”.
Further appreciation of the present invention may be had from the following examples and comparison examples which are intended to illustrate, but not limit, the invention.
The liquid compositions shown in Tables 1 and 2 below, most but not all of which are according to the invention, were prepared, and working compositions from some of them were prepared and used, as described in the notes to the tables. All of these compositions, except #10, were optically clear and showed no visual evidence of phase separation.
TABLE 1 | ||
Percent of Ingredient in Composition | ||
Number: |
Ingredient | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
50% Sodium Hydroxide | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 |
in Water | ||||||
45% Potassium Hydroxide | 24.0 | 24.0 | 24.0 | 24.0 | 24.0 | 24.0 |
in Water | ||||||
Sodium Gluconate (powder) | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 |
Nonenyl Succinic Anhydride | 1.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
TRITON ™ X-405 | 1.0 | 1.0 | — | — | — | 1.0 |
TRITON ™ X-100 | — | — | — | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
TERGITOL ™ 15-S-3 | — | — | 3.0 | 2.5 | 1.5 | — |
Notes for Table 1 | ||||||
The balance not explicitly shown for each composition in the Table was water. | ||||||
TRITON ™ X-405 was supplied commercially by Van Waters and Rogers and was reported by its supplier to be a modified polyethoxy adduct of an alcohol, resulting in a nonionic surfactant with an HLB value of 13.6; TRITON ™ X-100 was supplied commercially by Van Waters and Rogers and was reported by its supplier to be a polyethoxy adduct of nonyl phenol, resulting in a nonionic surfactant with an HLB value of 13.5; and TERGITOL ™ 15-S-3 was supplied commercially | ||||||
# by Van Waters and Rogers and was reported by its supplier to be a modified polyethoxy adduct of C11-15 secondary alcohols, resulting in a nonionic surfactant with an HLB value of 8.3. |
TABLE 2 | ||
Percent of Ingredient in Composition Number: |
Ingredient | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
50% Sodium Hydroxide in Water | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.0 | — |
45% Potassium Hydroxide in Water | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 50.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 65.0 | 70.0 |
Nonenyl Succinic Anhydride | 20.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
TRITON ™ X-100 | — | — | 1.0 | 1.0 | 12.0 | 4.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
ANTAROX ™ LF-224 | — | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | — | — | 0.50 | 0.50 |
Foam Volume, Milliliters, After: | ||||||||
30 Seconds | 5 | 2 | 7 | n.m. | 230 | 130 | 30 | 2 |
60 Seconds | 1 | 2 | 6 | n.m. | 230 | 130 | 30 | 2 |
% Water-Break Free | 0 | 70 | 100 | n.m. | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Notes for Table 2 | ||||||||
The balance not explicitly shown for each composition in the Table was water. | ||||||||
Foam volume values were measured on 2.0% solutions of the concentrates in water at 49° C. by the test method described in the main text. | ||||||||
“n.m.” means “not measured” (because the composition was not a single phase). | ||||||||
% Water-Break values were measured by visual estimation by an experienced rater, as the area percent of the surfaces of standardized soiled metal test panels that were not covered with water breaks, i.e., separation of an adherent water layer into visually obvious thick and thin areas, after thorough water rinsing following immersion, without additional mechanical agitation, for 10 minutes in a working composition that was made by dissolving the corresponding concentrate in water to | ||||||||
# provide a 2.0% solution of the concentrate in the working composition and was maintained at 60° C. during the immersion. |
Claims (16)
1. A stable, aqueous, alkaline cleaning concentrate composition containing less than 0.002% of nitrogen and:
(a) an alkali metal hydroxide alkalinizing agent in an amount of at least 1 moles of hydroxide per kilogram of total concentrate composition;
(b) an anionic surfactant containing: at least 10 carbon atoms; and at least one carboxylate or carboxyl moiety per molecule wherein the ratio of total carbon atoms in said anionic surfactant to carboxyl and carboxylate moieties is at least 4;
(c) a nonionic surfactant containing at least four—(CH2CH2O)—moieties;
(d) a sequestering agent or a chelating agent; and
(e) an antifoam agent.
2. A cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein said alkalinizing agent comprises ammonium, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
3. A cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein said anionic surfactant contains at least one carboxylate or carboxylate moiety per molecule.
4. A cleaning composition according to claim 2 wherein said anionic surfactant also contains carbonyl or hydroxyl moieties that are not part of said carboxylate or carboxyl moiety.
5. A cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein said anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of octenyl-succinic acids, nonenyl-succinic acids, and salts thereof.
6. A cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein said nonionic surfactant has the structure of general formula I or II:
wherein:
R1 is independently represents hydrogen or methyl;
R2 is a saturated or unsaturated, monovalent aliphatic moiety;
R3 is hydrogen or a monovalent moiety of no more than three carbon atoms and containing only atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen;
R4 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon, a halogen substituted hydrocarbon, an ether substituted hydrocarbon;
s is an integer of at least 4 and whose value is chosen to produce an HLB value within the range of 5-20; and
t is an integer of at least 4 and whose value is chosen to produce an HLB value within the range of 8-20.
7. A cleaning composition according to claim 6 wherein:
R2 and R4 are independently selected from linear aliphatic hydrocarbons or aliphatic hydrocarbons with only one methyl side chain on an otherwise linear structure; and
R3 is selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propel, formyl, and acetyl moieties.
8. A cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein said composition contains 0.002-10% of said nonionic surfactant.
9. A cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein said composition contains nonionic surfactants of both formula I and formula II.
10. A cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein said anionic surfactant is in an amount sufficient to act as a hydrotope for solubilizing said nonionic surfactant.
11. A cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein said sequestering agent is sorbitol, mannitol, a gluconate, a citrate, a heptogluconate, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, or nitrilotriacetic acid.
12. A cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein said alkalinizing agent is an alkali metal hydroxide, said sequestering agent is sodium gluconate, said anionic surfactant is nonenyl-succinic anhydride, and said nonionic surfactant is a polyether adduct of nonyl phenol.
13. A cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein said alkali metal hydroxide is in an amount of at least 5 moles of hydroxide per kilogram of total concentrate.
14. A cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein said alkali metal hydroxide is in an amount within the range of 18-31.5 wt % of said concentrate composition.
15. A cleaning composition consisting essentially of the ingredients of claim 1 .
16. A cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein said anionic surfactant and said nonionic surfactant are each substantially free of any chemical element other than carbon, hydrogen, or oxygen.
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US08/725,782 US6372706B1 (en) | 1996-10-04 | 1996-10-04 | Alkaline hard surface cleaner and process therewith |
KR1019970047343A KR19980032383A (en) | 1996-10-04 | 1997-09-13 | Alkaline cleaning liquid for hard surface cleaning and cleaning method using the same |
JP9256529A JPH10168493A (en) | 1996-10-04 | 1997-09-22 | Alkaline cleaner for hard surface |
CA002268130A CA2268130C (en) | 1996-10-04 | 1997-09-29 | Alkaline hard surface cleaner and process therewith |
AU45921/97A AU4592197A (en) | 1996-10-04 | 1997-09-29 | Alkaline hard surface cleaner and process therewith |
PCT/US1997/017120 WO1998014545A1 (en) | 1996-10-04 | 1997-09-29 | Alkaline hard surface cleaner and process therewith |
TW086114597A TW399097B (en) | 1996-10-04 | 1997-10-04 | Alkaline hard surface cleaner and process therewith |
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US08/725,782 US6372706B1 (en) | 1996-10-04 | 1996-10-04 | Alkaline hard surface cleaner and process therewith |
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US08/725,782 Expired - Fee Related US6372706B1 (en) | 1996-10-04 | 1996-10-04 | Alkaline hard surface cleaner and process therewith |
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JP (1) | JPH10168493A (en) |
KR (1) | KR19980032383A (en) |
AU (1) | AU4592197A (en) |
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US20090283110A1 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2009-11-19 | Satoshi Yoneda | Method for Cleaning Hot Dip Galvanized Steel Sheet and Cleaning Apparatus Therefor |
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---|---|---|---|---|
TW200426212A (en) | 2003-03-03 | 2004-12-01 | Kao Corp | Emulsion composition |
JP5033380B2 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2012-09-26 | ディバーシー株式会社 | Disinfectant composition and disinfectant cleaning composition for tableware, cooking utensils, food processing plant or kitchen, and sterilization method or disinfecting cleaning method for tableware, cooking utensils, food processing plant or kitchen facilities using the same |
US7838484B2 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2010-11-23 | Ecolab Inc. | Cleaner concentrate comprising ethanoldiglycine and a tertiary surfactant mixture |
JP5538027B2 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2014-07-02 | シーシーアイ株式会社 | Window washer composition |
EP2963100B1 (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2018-09-19 | Kolb Distribution Ltd. | Liquid rinse aid compositions |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5043022A (en) | 1988-07-28 | 1991-08-27 | Voest-Alpine Stahl Linz Gesellschaft Mibitt | Method of treating a one-side electrogalvanized steel sheet |
US5464553A (en) * | 1991-07-17 | 1995-11-07 | Church & Dwight Co., Inc. | Low foaming effective hydrotrope |
US5534181A (en) | 1995-08-30 | 1996-07-09 | Castrol North America Automotive Inc. | Aqueous hard surface cleaning compositions having improved cleaning properties |
US5635465A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1997-06-03 | Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. | Alkaline degreasing solution |
US5663132A (en) | 1995-03-01 | 1997-09-02 | Charvid Limited Liability Company | Non-caustic composition comprising peroxygen compound and metasilicate and cleaning methods for using same |
-
1996
- 1996-10-04 US US08/725,782 patent/US6372706B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-09-13 KR KR1019970047343A patent/KR19980032383A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-09-22 JP JP9256529A patent/JPH10168493A/en active Pending
- 1997-09-29 WO PCT/US1997/017120 patent/WO1998014545A1/en active Application Filing
- 1997-09-29 CA CA002268130A patent/CA2268130C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-09-29 AU AU45921/97A patent/AU4592197A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-10-04 TW TW086114597A patent/TW399097B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5043022A (en) | 1988-07-28 | 1991-08-27 | Voest-Alpine Stahl Linz Gesellschaft Mibitt | Method of treating a one-side electrogalvanized steel sheet |
US5464553A (en) * | 1991-07-17 | 1995-11-07 | Church & Dwight Co., Inc. | Low foaming effective hydrotrope |
US5635465A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1997-06-03 | Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. | Alkaline degreasing solution |
US5663132A (en) | 1995-03-01 | 1997-09-02 | Charvid Limited Liability Company | Non-caustic composition comprising peroxygen compound and metasilicate and cleaning methods for using same |
US5534181A (en) | 1995-08-30 | 1996-07-09 | Castrol North America Automotive Inc. | Aqueous hard surface cleaning compositions having improved cleaning properties |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090283110A1 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2009-11-19 | Satoshi Yoneda | Method for Cleaning Hot Dip Galvanized Steel Sheet and Cleaning Apparatus Therefor |
US8940100B2 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2015-01-27 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Method for cleaning hot dip galvanized steel sheet and cleaning apparatus therefor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU4592197A (en) | 1998-04-24 |
CA2268130A1 (en) | 1998-04-09 |
CA2268130C (en) | 2007-04-03 |
TW399097B (en) | 2000-07-21 |
JPH10168493A (en) | 1998-06-23 |
KR19980032383A (en) | 1998-07-25 |
WO1998014545A1 (en) | 1998-04-09 |
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