US6334904B1 - Water-soluble, water-softening builder - Google Patents
Water-soluble, water-softening builder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US6334904B1 US6334904B1 US09/402,786 US40278699A US6334904B1 US 6334904 B1 US6334904 B1 US 6334904B1 US 40278699 A US40278699 A US 40278699A US 6334904 B1 US6334904 B1 US 6334904B1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- water
- tablet
- acid
- softening
- builder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
- C11D3/3761—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in solid compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/02—Softening water by precipitation of the hardness
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
- C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
- C11D17/0073—Tablets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
- C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to a water-soluble, water-softening builder in the form of a tablet.
- Tablets have a variety of advantages over powder products: they are easier to dose and handle and can be added more easily to the laundry, they are more compact and permit cost-effective storage.
- Water softening tablets are sold commercially (Calgon 2-phase tabs) and such tablets are described in EP-A1-0 628 627 (Benckiser), CH-577 937 (Lonza), WO-A1-95/21908 (Henkel) and EP-A2-0 622 449 (Hüls).
- Water-softening tablets are usually prepared by compressing or compacting water-softening powders. It is, however, difficult to find a balance between the required hardness and abrasion resistance of the tablets and their property of disintegrating and/or dissolving quickly in the wash liquor. Tablets which have been prepared using only a slight compacting pressure tend to crumble and to break up during handling and packaging; tablets which have undergone greater compaction are more durable, but do not disintegrate or disperse in the wash liquor as well either.
- GB 983243 and GB 989683 disclose detergent tablets having improved dissolution properties, which have been prepared by compaction of spray-dried detergent powders and spraying with water or aqueous sodium silicate solution to reduce the proportion of fine particles.
- the whole tablet is coated with a film-forming polymer to improve the abrasion resistance.
- the use of polyacrylic acid is not disclosed.
- EP-A-0 466 484 discloses detergent tablets comprising compacted particles having a narrow size distribution and uniform and regular particle size. This results in the advantage of an attractive appearance and better disintegration in the wash liquor.
- EP-A2-0 522 766 discloses detergent tablets comprising compacted particulate detergent compositions in which at least some of the particles have been coated with a material which acts as a binder, but which also promotes disintegration in the wash liquor. Although polymers are claimed as suitable disintegrant additives, polyacrylic acid is not disclosed.
- EP-A2-0 711 828 discloses a process for the preparation of detergent tablets by compaction of particulate detergent compositions in which a binder is distributed which has a melting point in the range of 35-90° C., where compaction to give tablets takes place at a temperature above 28° C. but below the melting temperature of the binder.
- Polyacrylates are mentioned as possible binders, but polyacrylic acid is not disclosed.
- Polymers and copolymers of acrylic acid are known constituents of detergents and water softeners. It has also already been proposed to add alkali metal salts of such polymers or copolymers to tablet formulations.
- WO-A1-92/18604 discloses a process for the preparation of detergent tablets for dishwashers, where compositions comprising alkali metal polyacrylate are agglomerated and dried in a fluidized bed.
- WO-A1-93/00419 discloses a process for the preparation of detergent tablets for dishwashers, where a prehydrated mixture of alkali metal polyacrylate and sodium carbonate is prepared, which is then mixed with the other components of the tablet.
- WO-A1-95/21908 discloses tablets which comprise builders, including layer silicates and which have a reduced water content and are reportedly notable for good solubility in water. Salts of polyacrylates are mentioned here as disintegrants.
- EP-A1-628 627 discloses a water-soluble, water-softening builder in the form of a tablet consisting of
- polyacrylic acid can be regarded as a polymer with water-softening properties, the use of polyacrylic acid is not expressly described in this publication.
- the invention provides improved tablet properties (hardness, strength, abrasion resistance, solvency in the wash liquor) of water-soluble, water-softening builders in the form of a tablet. It has been found that this object can be achieved in tablets which comprise 40-98% by weight of a combination of a) an organic, multifunctional polycarboxylic acid or alkali metal salts thereof, and b) a polymer with water-softening properties, by using polyacrylic acid in acid form as the polymer with water-softening properties.
- the aim according to the invention is to use a polyacrylic acid having a molecular weight of from 1500 to 8000.
- the invention thus provides a water-soluble, water-softening builder in the form of a tablet comprising 40-98% by weight of a combination of
- An organic, multifunctional polycarboxylic acid is taken to mean a polybasic carboxylic acid having additional functional groups, for example hydroxyl groups and/or amino groups.
- Suitable multifunctional polycarboxylic acids are gluconic acid, tartaric acid and citric acid. Preference is given to citric acid which, like the other acids, can be used in acid form or as an alkali metal salt.
- polyacrylic acid to be used according to the invention is taken to mean a homopolymer of acrylic acid which still contains free carboxyl groups.
- this term should also encompass a partially neutralized polyacrylic acid.
- the polyacrylic acid to be used should have a molecular weight of from 1500 to 8000.
- a suitable polyacrylic acid which is commercially available, is the product Norasol LMW45D from Norsohaas. This is a partially neutralized polyacrylic acid having a molecular weight of 4500.
- the builder tablet according to the invention can also comprise further customary additives, in particular it preferably comprises polyethylene glycol, preferably in an amount of 0.5-6% by weight.
- Suitable polyethylene glycols are those with a relatively high degree of ethoxylation, for example polyethylene glycols having a molecular weight of from 1000 to 6000.
- the tablets according to the invention can further comprise customary tableting auxiliaries, such as, for example, microcrystalline cellulose and also sodium bicarbonate.
- Hardness, solubility and abrasion resistance of the tablets are determined by the following methods of measurement:
- the hardness of the tablets was determined using an Erichsen 486 hardness tester. The device measures the force which is necessary to break one tablet.
- the solubility of a tablet is measured by immersing it inside a cage with 6 mm wide windows into a beaker containing 1 l of water at room temperature. The tablet is considered to be dissolved when all of the particles have passed through the windows of the cage.
- the abrasion resistance of a tablet is measured by placing 10 tablets in a rectangular plastic container (170 mm ⁇ 110 mm ⁇ 110 mm) and rotating the container at a rate of 40 revolutions per minute for 1 minute. The amount of powder which is produced in the container is weighed and recorded as a percentage of the original weight of the tablet.
- the tablets according to the invention produced in this way were compared with tablets produced in the same way which contained the sodium salt of an acrylic acid/maleic acid copolymer (Sokalan CP5 from BASF) or the sodium salt of a partially neutralized acrylic acid/maleic acid copolymer (Sokalan CP45 from BASF) instead of polyacrylic acid.
- Sokalan CP5 acrylic acid/maleic acid copolymer
- Sokalan CP45 from BASF
Abstract
Description
TABLE | |||
Comparative Examples | Invention |
Constituent | A(%) | B(%) | (%) |
Citric acid | 15 | 15 | — |
Na citrate dihydrate | 27 | 27 | 50 |
Potassium bicarbonate | 27 | 27 | — |
Sodium bicarbonate | — | — | 19 |
Sokalan CP5 gran. ® (1) | 11 | — | — |
Sokalan CP45 gran. ® (2) | 11 | 22 | — |
Norasol LMW45D ® (3) | — | — | 22 |
PEG6000 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
Avicel ® (4) | 6 | 6 | 6 |
Properties | Measurement results |
Hardness (N) | 110 | 115 | 217 |
Solubility (s) | 60-70 | 60-70 | 60-70 |
Abrasion resistance (%) | 16 | 16 | 7 |
(1) gran. acrylic acid/maleic acid copolymer from BASF | |||
(2) gran. Na salt of a partially neutralized acrylic acid/maleic acid copolymer from BASF | |||
(3) polyacrylic acid in acid form, MW 4500, from Norsohaas | |||
(4) microcrystalline cellulose |
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19714657A DE19714657C1 (en) | 1997-04-09 | 1997-04-09 | Water soluble, water softening builder |
DE19714657 | 1997-04-09 | ||
PCT/EP1998/001971 WO1998045400A1 (en) | 1997-04-09 | 1998-04-03 | Water-soluble, water-softening builder |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US6334904B1 true US6334904B1 (en) | 2002-01-01 |
Family
ID=7825916
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/402,786 Expired - Lifetime US6334904B1 (en) | 1997-04-09 | 1998-04-03 | Water-soluble, water-softening builder |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6334904B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0973861B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE205526T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2286158C (en) |
DE (2) | DE19714657C1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2162452T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998045400A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003083204A1 (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2003-10-09 | Unilever Plc | Fabric care composition |
US20100249008A1 (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2010-09-30 | Thomas Holderbaum | Cleaning Agent |
US20100263688A1 (en) * | 2009-04-21 | 2010-10-21 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Catalytic water treatment method and apparatus |
JP2012214655A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-11-08 | Lion Corp | Detergent for dishwasher |
US9193610B2 (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2015-11-24 | Ecolab USA, Inc. | Synergistic interaction of weak cation exchange resin and magnesium oxide |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ZA993473B (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 2000-01-10 | Rohm & Haas | Pellet formulations. |
DE19901064A1 (en) * | 1999-01-14 | 2000-07-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Aid granules for washing and cleaning active moldings |
AU771479B2 (en) * | 1999-01-23 | 2004-03-25 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Detergent tablet |
US6974789B1 (en) | 1999-01-23 | 2005-12-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent tablet |
DE60000022T2 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2002-03-14 | Rohm & Haas | Improved particulate compositions |
DE19937428A1 (en) * | 1999-08-07 | 2001-02-08 | Henkel Kgaa | Detergent tablets |
CN102575197B (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2013-10-30 | 荷兰联合利华有限公司 | Composition and method for treatment of fabric |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0504091A1 (en) * | 1991-03-15 | 1992-09-16 | Cleantabs A/S | A phosphate-free automatic dishwashing composition |
US5328633A (en) * | 1990-05-04 | 1994-07-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Extended-release plaque preventing and dissolving compositions |
DE4318902A1 (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1994-12-08 | Benckiser Gmbh Joh A | Water-soluble, water-softening builder |
US5618465A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1997-04-08 | Colgate Palmolive Co. | Nonaqueous liquid automatic dishwashing composition containing enzymes |
EP0812808A1 (en) * | 1996-06-12 | 1997-12-17 | Cleantabs A/S | Water softening tablets |
US5801137A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1998-09-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent compositions containing (poly)carboxylates, organo diphosphonic and acrylic acid derived components, and silicate |
US5853430A (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1998-12-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for predissolving detergent compositions |
US5858299A (en) * | 1993-05-05 | 1999-01-12 | Ecolab, Inc. | Process for consolidating particulate solids |
US5861366A (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 1999-01-19 | Ecolab Inc. | Proteolytic enzyme cleaner |
US5900399A (en) * | 1994-02-10 | 1999-05-04 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Tablet containing builders |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4121307A1 (en) * | 1991-06-27 | 1993-01-07 | Henkel Kgaa | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STABLE, BIFUNCTIONAL, PHOSPHATE AND METASILICATE-FREE LOW-ALKALINE DETERGENT TABLETS FOR THE MACHINE DISHWASHER |
-
1997
- 1997-04-09 DE DE19714657A patent/DE19714657C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-04-03 US US09/402,786 patent/US6334904B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-03 EP EP98925465A patent/EP0973861B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-03 WO PCT/EP1998/001971 patent/WO1998045400A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-04-03 DE DE59801451T patent/DE59801451D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-03 ES ES98925465T patent/ES2162452T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-03 CA CA002286158A patent/CA2286158C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-03 AT AT98925465T patent/ATE205526T1/en active
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5328633A (en) * | 1990-05-04 | 1994-07-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Extended-release plaque preventing and dissolving compositions |
EP0504091A1 (en) * | 1991-03-15 | 1992-09-16 | Cleantabs A/S | A phosphate-free automatic dishwashing composition |
US5618465A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1997-04-08 | Colgate Palmolive Co. | Nonaqueous liquid automatic dishwashing composition containing enzymes |
US5858299A (en) * | 1993-05-05 | 1999-01-12 | Ecolab, Inc. | Process for consolidating particulate solids |
DE4318902A1 (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1994-12-08 | Benckiser Gmbh Joh A | Water-soluble, water-softening builder |
US5801137A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1998-09-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent compositions containing (poly)carboxylates, organo diphosphonic and acrylic acid derived components, and silicate |
US5900399A (en) * | 1994-02-10 | 1999-05-04 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Tablet containing builders |
US5861366A (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 1999-01-19 | Ecolab Inc. | Proteolytic enzyme cleaner |
EP0812808A1 (en) * | 1996-06-12 | 1997-12-17 | Cleantabs A/S | Water softening tablets |
US5853430A (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1998-12-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for predissolving detergent compositions |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003083204A1 (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2003-10-09 | Unilever Plc | Fabric care composition |
US20030191044A1 (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2003-10-09 | Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Fabric care composition |
US7008916B2 (en) | 2002-04-03 | 2006-03-07 | Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa | Fabric care composition |
US20100249008A1 (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2010-09-30 | Thomas Holderbaum | Cleaning Agent |
US20100263688A1 (en) * | 2009-04-21 | 2010-10-21 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Catalytic water treatment method and apparatus |
US20100263689A1 (en) * | 2009-04-21 | 2010-10-21 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Methods and apparatus for controlling water hardness |
JP2012214655A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-11-08 | Lion Corp | Detergent for dishwasher |
US9193610B2 (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2015-11-24 | Ecolab USA, Inc. | Synergistic interaction of weak cation exchange resin and magnesium oxide |
US9896364B2 (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2018-02-20 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Synergistic interaction of weak cation exchange resin and magnesium oxide |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0973861A1 (en) | 2000-01-26 |
ATE205526T1 (en) | 2001-09-15 |
WO1998045400A1 (en) | 1998-10-15 |
EP0973861B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
CA2286158A1 (en) | 1998-10-15 |
ES2162452T3 (en) | 2001-12-16 |
CA2286158C (en) | 2007-01-30 |
DE59801451D1 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
DE19714657C1 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BENCKISER N.V., NETHERLANDS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:AHNSORGE, HAROLD;ROBINSON, PAUL;REEL/FRAME:010458/0675;SIGNING DATES FROM 19991206 TO 19991213 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: RECKITT BENCKISER CALGON B.V., NETHERLANDS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:RECKITT BENCKISER N.V.;REEL/FRAME:037048/0807 Effective date: 20151001 |