US5697493A - Tactile feedback switch actuator - Google Patents
Tactile feedback switch actuator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5697493A US5697493A US08/491,054 US49105495A US5697493A US 5697493 A US5697493 A US 5697493A US 49105495 A US49105495 A US 49105495A US 5697493 A US5697493 A US 5697493A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- light
- key cap
- transmittable
- convex member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
- H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
- H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
- H01H13/703—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches characterised by spacers between contact carrying layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2211/00—Spacers
- H01H2211/026—Spacers without separate element
- H01H2211/028—Contacts in depressions of layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2215/00—Tactile feedback
- H01H2215/004—Collapsible dome or bubble
- H01H2215/006—Only mechanical function
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2215/00—Tactile feedback
- H01H2215/004—Collapsible dome or bubble
- H01H2215/022—Asymmetric; Elliptic; Square
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2217/00—Facilitation of operation; Human engineering
- H01H2217/018—Indication of switch sites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2219/00—Legends
- H01H2219/002—Legends replaceable; adaptable
- H01H2219/018—Electroluminescent panel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2221/00—Actuators
- H01H2221/07—Actuators transparent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2223/00—Casings
- H01H2223/034—Bezel
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a switch. More particularly, the present invention relates to a switch actuator. The present invention particularly, though not exclusively, relates to a tactile feedback switch actuator for a force-actuated switch.
- Switch consoles for operator control of complex systems are well known in the art. Such consoles typically house large switch matrices. Mechanical push button switches having full-travel lighted actuators are commonly used in these matrices because they can provide tactile and visual feedback to the operator of the instantaneous switching state for each switch. Mechanical push button switches are, however, relatively bulky which is a disadvantage when size is a major design constraint, particularly when a large number of control switches are required for a complex system. The capital and operating expense of mechanical push button switches can also be relatively high.
- the present invention in its first embodiment is a tactile feedback switch actuator.
- the present invention in its second embodiment, is a force-actuated switch including the tactile feedback switch actuator.
- the present invention in its third embodiment, is a method of operating the force-actuated switch.
- the tactile feedback switch actuator of the present invention comprises a displaceable key cap linked to a reversibly collapsible member by an optical fiber linkage.
- the collapsible member, optical fiber linkage, and key cap are characterized as light-transmittable, thereby providing a light pathway through the actuator for visual feedback to a switch operator.
- the actuator is framed by an overlaying bezel on a console which enables the switch operator manual access to the key cap.
- the operator applies a manual actuating force to the key cap which exceeds the modulus of collapse of the collapsible member.
- This actuating force displaces the key cap and associated optical fiber linkage, thereby transmitting the actuating force to the collapsible member.
- the collapsible member elastically deforms.
- the member ultimately reaches its modulus of collapse and snaps, thereby collapsing against the underlying switch panel.
- the actuating force is consequently transmitted across the collapsed member to the switch panel, thereby changing the operative state of the switch to an "on" state or an "off" state.
- the collapsible member is reversible in the sense that when the operator withdraws the actuating force from the key cap, the collapsible member elastically returns to its uncollapsed condition, while the switch remains in its newly actuated operative state. If the operator desires to return the switch to its original operative state, the above-recited procedure is simply repeated.
- the displacement of the key cap and the resultant snap action of the actuator provide tactile feedback to the operator of a change in operative states when actuating a switch in the manner of the present invention.
- the above-described switch actuator is structurally integrated with a force-actuated switch. Accordingly, the collapsible member is disposed upon a switch panel which combines a light-emitting electroluminescent (E/L) panel and a light-transmittable touch panel.
- the E/L panel has a pixel embedded therein and the touch panel has a pair of pressure-sensitive switch contacts embedded therein. The pixel and contact pair are in direct alignment with the overlying actuator.
- the present embodiment is operated by displacing the key cap and linkage to collapse the collapsible member of the actuator in the manner set forth above.
- the collapsed member displaces the first pressure-sensitive switch contact of the pair in the switch panel against the second pressure-sensitive contact sending a switching signal to remote switch circuitry.
- the actuating force transmitted to the contacts across the collapsed member causes a change in the operative state of the switch.
- the contact also activates the pixel associated with the switch actuator causing it to emit a light beam.
- the light beam is transmitted to the operator through the touch panel, collapsible member, optical fiber linkage, and key cap, thereby providing the operator with visual feedback that the switch is in its "on” operative state.
- the contact deactivates the pixel associated with the switch actuator causing it to terminate emission of the light beam, thereby providing the operator with visual feedback that the switch is in its "off” operative state.
- the switch actuator of the present invention advantageously provides the same tactile and visual feedback functions of full-travel lighted actuators for push button switches known in the art.
- Force-actuated switches employing the switch actuators of the present invention have a considerably lower profile than known push button switches, which enables greater design flexibility in the placement of such switches on a control console.
- use of the present switch actuator significantly reduces the capital and operating cost of the resulting force-actuated switch in comparison to known push button switches.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a console containing the switch actuators of the present invention
- FIG. 2a is a cross-sectional side view of a bezel configuration
- FIG. 2b is a cross-sectional side view of a second bezel configuration
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view of the switch actuator of the present invention.
- FIG. 4a is a partial cross-sectional side view of the switch actuator of the present invention in an intermediate state
- FIG. 4b is a partial cross-sectional side view of the switch actuator of the present invention in a collapsed state
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the force-actuated switch of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a continuous switch panel.
- FIG. 1 shows a console 10 having a plurality of force-actuated switches housed therein. Each switch is externally identifiable by a switch actuator 12. Actuators 12 are disposed in horizontal rows 14, 16, to form a representative 2 ⁇ 4 switch matrix on console face 20. In practice the switch matrix of console 10 may be of any size, such as a 4 ⁇ 6 matrix, or even considerably larger. A display panel 21 associated with the switch matrix is also shown on console face 20.
- Each actuator 12 has a key cap 22 which is manually accessible to an operator for fingertip engagement thereof.
- Key cap 22 is linearly displaceable according to an "in-out” action when the operator applies an actuating force to key cap 22.
- Each key cap 22 is framed by a bezel overlaying switch actuator 12. As shown, key caps 22 of row 14 are framed by bezels 24 and key caps 22 of row 16 are framed by bezels 26. Bezels 24, 26 can be uniquely configured, if desired, to render them tactually distinguishable. For example, FIG. 2a shows a cross-section of bezel 24 which has a surface 30 tactually distinguishable by fingertip from surface 32 of bezel 26 which is shown cross-sectionally in FIG. 2b.
- a particular bezel surface configuration, such as surface 30 of bezel 24, can be associated with a given type of switch function so that all switches performing that given type of switch function are framed by bezel 24. In this manner, the bezel configuration enables the operator to make a rapid tactile identification of switch function type without visual contact of console face 20.
- FIG. 3 shows tactile feedback switch actuator 12 of the present invention in greater detail.
- Switch actuator 12 comprises key cap 22, collapsible member 34, and linkage 36.
- Switch actuator 12 is framed by bezel 24.
- Key cap 22 is a two-sided planar member having shoulder extensions 37a, 37b.
- Key cap 22 is positioned atop linkage 36 and biased toward bezel 24 by collapsible member 34 such that shoulders 37a, 37b abut bezel 24 when switch actuator 12 is inactive.
- Key cap 22 is reciprocatingly displaceable away from and back to bezel 24.
- the exposed top side 38 of key cap 22 is fingertip engageable by the operator while the bottom side 40 of key cap 22 engages the top end 42 of rod-shaped linkage 36.
- Key cap 22 may engage linkage 36 by being attached thereto or being integral therewith.
- the bottom end 44 of linkage 36 engages dome-shaped collapsible member 34 substantially at the apex 46 of member 34.
- the circumferential edge 48 of collapsible member 34 which is shown in its uncollapsed state, rests against the top surface 50 of a switch panel.
- the switch panel is described in greater detail hereafter.
- Collapsible member 34, linkage 36, and key cap 22 are characterized as light-transmittable.
- elements 34, 36, 22 permit an operator to observe a visible light beam emitted from a source beneath actuator 12.
- Light transmission is provided by fabricating elements 34, 36, 22 from translucent or transparent materials or by forming holes in opaque materials from which elements 34, 36, 22 are fabricated.
- Key cap 22 is preferably fabricated from a transparent material.
- Linkage 36 is preferably a highly-efficient light-transmitting optical fiber having sufficient rigidity to remain substantially inflexible throughout operation of actuator 12.
- Collapsible member 34 is formed from a resilient material which is capable of reversible collapse with a snap action. Accordingly, when a downward force is applied to member 34 via linkage 36, apex 46 is elastically depressed to an intermediate state as shown in FIG. 4a. When the downward force on apex 46 exceeds the modulus of collapse of member 34, member 34 collapses with a tactually detectable snapping action. In the collapsed state shown in FIG. 4b, member 34 contacts panel surface 50 at apex 46 as well as at circumferential edge 48. As soon as the force from linkage 36 is released, the collapse of member 34 is reversed and it elastically returns to the uncollapsed state shown in FIG. 3.
- Preferred materials for collapsible member satisfying these performance criteria are transparent or translucent plastics or opaque plastics or metals having a hole formed through apex 46.
- FIGS. 4a, 4b and 5 show the force-actuated switch of the present invention, designated generally as 52, wherein the above-described switch actuator 12 is structurally integrated with an underlying switch panel 54. Accordingly, the collapsible member 34 is disposed upon switch panel 54 which is shown herein as a combination of two stacked panels 56, 58. Switch panel 54 incorporates an E/L panel 56 and a touch panel 58. E/L panel 56 contains a pixel 60 positioned in line with linkage 36 such that when pixel 60 is in an active light-emitting state, its light beam is directed through member 34 and linkage 36 to key cap 22.
- Touch panel 58 is a thin planar structure which is substantially light transmittable. Touch panel 58 comprises semi-transparent electrical contacts 62a, 62b embedded within a sheet 61 of an elastic transparent material such as a clear plastic. Sheet 61 is a single unitary element having contacts 62a, 62b embedded therein. Although not distinguishable from sheet 61 in the exploded perspective views of FIGS. 5 and 6, it is apparent that contact 62a is continuous therewith.
- contact 62a is continuous with sheet 61 throughout the switch matrix while contact 62b is a smaller discrete plane, such as a square, disposed within sheet 61 in specific alignment with an associated switch actuator 12.
- a void space 63 is present between contact 62a and contact 62b as elastically shown in FIG. 4a.
- contact 62a resides in void space 63 in abutment with contact 62b.
- Contacts 62a, 62b are provided with electrical leads 64a, 64b as shown in FIG. 5 which provide electrical communication between contacts 62a, 62b and remote switch circuitry not shown.
- touch panel 58 overlays E/L panel 56, touch panel 58 provides a continuous light pathway from pixel 60 to collapsible member 34.
- panels 56, 58 have been described as two discrete elements which are stacked to form switch panel 54, it is apparent that panels 56, 58 can be integrated into a single unitary switch panel within the scope of the present invention. Further, panels 56, 58 have been described and shown in FIGS. 5 with reference to a single pixel 60 and a single pair of contacts 62a, 62b. However, it is understood that a continuous switch panel 68, as shown in FIG. 6, can be provided for a switch matrix housed in a console such as shown in FIG. 1.
- the continuous switch panel 68 of FIG. 6 contains E/L panel 70 having a predetermined pattern of pixels 72 and touch panel 74 having a continuous switch contact 76a and a predetermined grid of switch contacts 76b embedded within transparent sheet 78. The number of pixels 72 and contacts 76b correlate to the number of switches in the matrix.
- switch 52 shown in FIG. 5 is activated by applying a manual actuating force to key cap 22 which exceeds the modulus of collapse of collapsible member 34.
- the force displaces key cap 22 and associated linkage 36, thereby transmitting the actuating force to collapsible member 34.
- collapsible member 34 elastically deforms as shown in FIG. 4a.
- Member 34 ultimately reaches its modulus of collapse and snaps, thereby collapsing apex 46 against underlying switch surface 50 as shown in FIG. 4b.
- the actuating force is consequently transmitted across apex 46 to pressure-sensitive switch contact 62a which is downwardly displaced in void space 63 to engage contact 62b.
- contacts 62a, 62b sends a switching signal across leads 64a, 64b to remote switch circuitry to change operative states. If the newly-actuated operative state is "on”, contacts 62a, 62b also activate pixel 60 causing it to emit a light beam. The light beam is transmitted to the operator across collapsible member 34, linkage 36, and key cap 22, thereby providing the operator with visual feedback of the "on" operative state. If the newly-actuated operative state is "off”, contacts 62a, 62b deactivate pixel 60 causing it to terminate emission of the light beam, thereby providing the operator with visual feedback of the "off” operative state.
Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/491,054 US5697493A (en) | 1991-06-04 | 1995-06-16 | Tactile feedback switch actuator |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US71026591A | 1991-06-04 | 1991-06-04 | |
US08/491,054 US5697493A (en) | 1991-06-04 | 1995-06-16 | Tactile feedback switch actuator |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US71026591A Continuation | 1991-06-04 | 1991-06-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5697493A true US5697493A (en) | 1997-12-16 |
Family
ID=24853289
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/491,054 Expired - Lifetime US5697493A (en) | 1991-06-04 | 1995-06-16 | Tactile feedback switch actuator |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5697493A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2066930C (en) |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0697793A2 (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1996-02-21 | AT&T Corp. | Multimedia service access apparatus and method |
EP0720368A1 (en) | 1994-12-27 | 1996-07-03 | AT&T IPM Corp. | Method and apparatus for channel spinning off a channel |
US5900599A (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 1999-05-04 | Nihon Kaiheiki Industrial Company, Ltd. | Switch for display |
US5901834A (en) * | 1996-05-12 | 1999-05-11 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Lighted switch illuminator and its fabrication method |
US6040534A (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-03-21 | Prince Corporation | Integrally molded switch lighting and electronics |
US6263070B1 (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 2001-07-17 | Fujitsu Limited | Telephone having an internally lit display |
US6330461B1 (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 2001-12-11 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Mobile telephone apparatus |
US6365855B1 (en) | 2000-03-28 | 2002-04-02 | Thomson Licensing S.A. | Illuminated button |
US20030000817A1 (en) * | 2001-06-27 | 2003-01-02 | Farage Paul G. | Illuminable computer keyboard |
US20030039114A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-02-27 | Shigetaka Douzono | Lighting apparatus |
US20040026222A1 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-02-12 | Yazaki Corporation | Slim switch |
US20040129544A1 (en) * | 2003-01-08 | 2004-07-08 | Jeckson Electric Co., Ltd | Pushbutton switch with led indicator |
WO2005015373A2 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-02-17 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | A touch sensitive display |
US7276671B1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-02 | Inventec Corporation | Electronic device having a modularized press key |
US20080283377A1 (en) * | 2007-05-19 | 2008-11-20 | Harris Daren L | Haptics cone |
US9746168B1 (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2017-08-29 | American Opto Plus Led Corporation | Light-emitting touch buttons |
US20170343102A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-11-30 | Audi Ag | Operating element of a motor vehicle |
WO2018048896A1 (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2018-03-15 | Edwards Paul Clark | Intelligent lighting control system line voltage detection apparatuses, systems, and methods |
US11216071B2 (en) | 2019-01-02 | 2022-01-04 | The Johns Hopkins University | Low-profile tactile output apparatus and method |
US20230052471A1 (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-02-16 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Protective button assembly for exterior surfaces of vehicles |
Citations (11)
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---|---|---|---|---|
DE2512228A1 (en) * | 1974-04-01 | 1975-10-02 | Litton Industries Inc | SWITCH ARRANGEMENT |
US4288672A (en) * | 1979-12-26 | 1981-09-08 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Illuminated keyboard apparatus |
GB2164496A (en) * | 1984-09-15 | 1986-03-19 | Motorola Israel Ltd | Back-illuminated membrane key |
US4598181A (en) * | 1984-11-13 | 1986-07-01 | Gte Communication Systems Corp. | Laminate switch assembly having improved tactile feel and improved reliability of operation |
DE3511496A1 (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1986-10-09 | Telefunken electronic GmbH, 7100 Heilbronn | Key-switching device having a transparent covering film |
US4771139A (en) * | 1986-06-27 | 1988-09-13 | Desmet Gregory L | Keyboard with metal cover and improved switches |
JPH02106827A (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1990-04-18 | Fujikura Ltd | Back light membrane switch |
US4937408A (en) * | 1988-05-30 | 1990-06-26 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Self-illuminating panel switch |
US4954668A (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1990-09-04 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for resetting appliance |
US5280145A (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1994-01-18 | Jay-El Products, Inc. | Switch actuating mechanism |
US5403984A (en) * | 1992-06-23 | 1995-04-04 | Yazaki Corporation | Rubber contact switch |
-
1992
- 1992-04-23 CA CA002066930A patent/CA2066930C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-06-16 US US08/491,054 patent/US5697493A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2512228A1 (en) * | 1974-04-01 | 1975-10-02 | Litton Industries Inc | SWITCH ARRANGEMENT |
US4288672A (en) * | 1979-12-26 | 1981-09-08 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Illuminated keyboard apparatus |
GB2164496A (en) * | 1984-09-15 | 1986-03-19 | Motorola Israel Ltd | Back-illuminated membrane key |
US4598181A (en) * | 1984-11-13 | 1986-07-01 | Gte Communication Systems Corp. | Laminate switch assembly having improved tactile feel and improved reliability of operation |
DE3511496A1 (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1986-10-09 | Telefunken electronic GmbH, 7100 Heilbronn | Key-switching device having a transparent covering film |
US4954668A (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1990-09-04 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for resetting appliance |
US4771139A (en) * | 1986-06-27 | 1988-09-13 | Desmet Gregory L | Keyboard with metal cover and improved switches |
US4937408A (en) * | 1988-05-30 | 1990-06-26 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Self-illuminating panel switch |
JPH02106827A (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1990-04-18 | Fujikura Ltd | Back light membrane switch |
US5403984A (en) * | 1992-06-23 | 1995-04-04 | Yazaki Corporation | Rubber contact switch |
US5280145A (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1994-01-18 | Jay-El Products, Inc. | Switch actuating mechanism |
Cited By (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0697793A2 (en) | 1994-08-15 | 1996-02-21 | AT&T Corp. | Multimedia service access apparatus and method |
EP0720368A1 (en) | 1994-12-27 | 1996-07-03 | AT&T IPM Corp. | Method and apparatus for channel spinning off a channel |
US6263070B1 (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 2001-07-17 | Fujitsu Limited | Telephone having an internally lit display |
US5901834A (en) * | 1996-05-12 | 1999-05-11 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Lighted switch illuminator and its fabrication method |
US6330461B1 (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 2001-12-11 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Mobile telephone apparatus |
US5900599A (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 1999-05-04 | Nihon Kaiheiki Industrial Company, Ltd. | Switch for display |
US6040534A (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-03-21 | Prince Corporation | Integrally molded switch lighting and electronics |
US6365855B1 (en) | 2000-03-28 | 2002-04-02 | Thomson Licensing S.A. | Illuminated button |
US6797902B2 (en) * | 2001-06-27 | 2004-09-28 | Sotai Ltd. | Illuminable computer keyboard |
US20030000817A1 (en) * | 2001-06-27 | 2003-01-02 | Farage Paul G. | Illuminable computer keyboard |
US6837604B2 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2005-01-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Lighting apparatus |
US20030039114A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-02-27 | Shigetaka Douzono | Lighting apparatus |
US6743994B2 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-06-01 | Yazaki Corporation | Slim switch |
US20040026222A1 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-02-12 | Yazaki Corporation | Slim switch |
US20040129544A1 (en) * | 2003-01-08 | 2004-07-08 | Jeckson Electric Co., Ltd | Pushbutton switch with led indicator |
US6900402B2 (en) * | 2003-01-08 | 2005-05-31 | Jeckson Electric Co., Ltd. | Pushbutton switch with LED indicator |
WO2005015373A2 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-02-17 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | A touch sensitive display |
WO2005015373A3 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2006-03-23 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | A touch sensitive display |
US20070235311A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-11 | Inventec Corporation | Electronic device having a modularized press key |
US7276671B1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-02 | Inventec Corporation | Electronic device having a modularized press key |
US20080283377A1 (en) * | 2007-05-19 | 2008-11-20 | Harris Daren L | Haptics cone |
US7723626B2 (en) | 2007-05-19 | 2010-05-25 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Haptics cone |
US20170343102A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-11-30 | Audi Ag | Operating element of a motor vehicle |
US10422423B2 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2019-09-24 | Audi Ag | Operating element of a motor vehicle |
US9746168B1 (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2017-08-29 | American Opto Plus Led Corporation | Light-emitting touch buttons |
WO2018048896A1 (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2018-03-15 | Edwards Paul Clark | Intelligent lighting control system line voltage detection apparatuses, systems, and methods |
US11032894B2 (en) | 2016-09-06 | 2021-06-08 | Racepoint Energy, LLC | Intelligent lighting control system line voltage detection apparatuses, systems, and methods |
US11216071B2 (en) | 2019-01-02 | 2022-01-04 | The Johns Hopkins University | Low-profile tactile output apparatus and method |
US20230052471A1 (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-02-16 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Protective button assembly for exterior surfaces of vehicles |
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CA2066930C (en) | 1996-08-06 |
CA2066930A1 (en) | 1992-12-05 |
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