US5567557A - Electrophotographic photoreceptor - Google Patents
Electrophotographic photoreceptor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5567557A US5567557A US08/393,411 US39341195A US5567557A US 5567557 A US5567557 A US 5567557A US 39341195 A US39341195 A US 39341195A US 5567557 A US5567557 A US 5567557A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- charge
- layer
- antioxidant
- photosensitive
- intermediate layer
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- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0503—Inert supplements
- G03G5/051—Organic non-macromolecular compounds
- G03G5/0517—Organic non-macromolecular compounds comprising one or more cyclic groups consisting of carbon-atoms only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic System
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/141—Esters of phosphorous acids
- C07F9/145—Esters of phosphorous acids with hydroxyaryl compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/043—Photoconductive layers characterised by having two or more layers or characterised by their composite structure
- G03G5/047—Photoconductive layers characterised by having two or more layers or characterised by their composite structure characterised by the charge-generation layers or charge transport layers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/001—Electric or magnetic imagery, e.g., xerography, electrography, magnetography, etc. Process, composition, or product
- Y10S430/103—Radiation sensitive composition or product containing specified antioxidant
Definitions
- the present invention relates to electrophotographic photoreceptors. More particularly, the present invention relates to an organic electrophotographic photoreceptor having improved durability against active gases (such as ozone), as well as enhanced photoreception and repetition characteristics.
- active gases such as ozone
- photoreceptors are generally used in such applications as copiers and printers.
- photoreceptors feature devices which consist mainly of an inorganic photoconductive material such as selenium, selenium alloy, zinc sulfide, or cadmium sulfide.
- organic photoconductive materials are function-separated laminated organic photoreceptors.
- these materials include a photosensitive layer which is divided into a charge generation layer (for receiving light to generate charge carriers) and a charge transport layer (for transporting charge carriers generated).
- Function-separated laminated organic photoreceptors additionally provide improved characteristics when the respective layers are formed of an material suitable for corresponding functions and combined. Such photoreceptors may be combined, for example in a negatively-charged function-separated laminated organic photoreceptor.
- This type of function-separated laminated organic photoreceptor generally includes a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer laminated on a conductive substrate. The layers are arranged in this particular order for generating a photosensitivity comparable to that of selenium photoreceptors.
- Electrophotographic devices are used for image formation processes, which are repeatedly performed upon their surfaces. Cycles of these image formation processes include charging, exposure, development, transfer, cleaning, and erasing. Since these image formation processes must be repeatedly done on the surface of photoreceptors, the photoreceptors must exhibit high levels of stability. This stability is required to last over time throughout repeated cycles of the image formation processes, numbering in the thousands.
- a primary factor is corona discharge.
- photoreceptors When photoreceptors are used in photocopying machines, they repeatedly contact noxious gases, such as ozone, generated by corona discharge.
- Ozone gas in particular has been implicated in adversely effecting the function of photoreceptors in photocopying machines.
- NO x is another gas which has been implicated in detrimentally impacting overall quality and life span of conventional photoreceptors used in photocopying machines.
- charge generation layers absorb light and generate pairs of charge carriers. Such generated charge carriers must then be transported quickly and injected into conductive substrates or into a charge transport layer. This process must be accomplished quickly before the charge carriers are lost to recombination or charge traps.
- the charge generation layer have adequate thinness and an even and consistent width.
- Conventional photoreceptors have a charge generation layers measuring less than one ⁇ m.
- prior art photoreceptors with thin film charge generating layers are plagued with numerous disadvantages.
- Prior art disclosures include the addition of various photodeterioration agents to prevent deleterious changes in surface potential.
- Use of various antioxidants for example, tri-akylphenol derivatives or di-lauryl thiopropionates
- Other organic phosphites have been added for reducing or preventing degradation of prior art photosensitive layers.
- Japanese Laid Open Patent Publication No. 62-234164 teaches the use of an organic phosphite compound which is incorporated into either the charge generating or charge transfer layer.
- this disclosure is innocently silent of any disclosure suggesting the use of a hindered phenol in combination with an antioxidant as used in the present invention.
- Japanese Laid Open Patent Publication No. 62-105151, Japanese Laid Open Patent Publication No. 1-118137, and Japanese Laid Open Patent Publication No. 5-257299 envision using various conventional inorganic compounds incorporated within photosensitive layers for preventing changes in surface stability of the photoreceptors.
- Japanese Laid Open Patent Publication No. 1-118137 suggests using a polycarbonate in conjunction with conventional hindered phenols in order to maintain consistent electrical characteristics. This disclosure, however, is devoid of teachings incorporating an antioxidant as used in the present invention.
- Japanese Laid Open Patent Publication No. 5-257299 proposes using additional binder resins made of specified copolymers in order to adjust the electrical resistance and to resist mechanical changes in, the photosensitive layer.
- the conventional binder component is combined with known hindered phenols or amines. Consequently, the benefits of combining an ester phosphite antioxidant and a hindered phenol antioxidant, as taught by the present invention, are not procured.
- fans have been installed for ventilating the ozone.
- the fans remove ozone to reduce the amount of ozone contacting surfaces of photoreceptors.
- antioxidants such as 2,6-di-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), pentaerythritol-tetrakis[3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate], 2,4-bis-(n-octylthio)-6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylanilino)-1,3,5-triazine have been added to outermost surfaces of photoreceptors to prevent such degradation.
- BHT 2,6-di-butyl-4-methylphenol
- 2,4-bis-(n-octylthio)-6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylanilino)-1,3,5-triazine have been added to outermost surfaces of photoreceptors to prevent such degradation.
- the present invention provides an electrophotographic photoreceptor consisting of a photosensitive bilayer on a conductive substrate wherein the outermost sublayer contains an ester phosphite antioxidant and a hindered phenol antioxidant.
- This organic photoreceptor has improved durability against active gases (such as ozone) and enhanced repetition characteristics. A method of producing same is also taught.
- an electrophotgraphic photoreceptor which comprises; a conductive substrate, an intermediate layer on the conductive substrate, a photosensitive bilayer of an organic material on the intermediate layer, the photosensitive bilayer includes a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer, the charge generation layer being deposited on the intermediate layer, the charge transport layer being deposited on the charge generation layer, the charge transport layer being an outermost layer of the photosensitive bilayer, and the charge transport layer contains an ester phosphite antioxidant and a hindered phenol antioxidant.
- an electrophotgraphic photoreceptor which comprises; a conductive substrate, an intermediate layer on the substrate, a photosensitive bilayer of an organic material on the intermediate layer, an outermost layer of said photosensitive bilayer contains an ester phosphite antioxidant and a hindered phenol antioxidant,and the ester phosphite antioxidant is a compound represented by a following general chemical formula:
- A represents a phenyl group that may have a substituent.
- an electrophotographic photoreceptor which comprises; a conductive substrate, an intermediate layer on the substrate, a photosensitive bilayer of an organic material on the intermediate layer, an outermost layer of said photosensitive bilayer contains an ester phosphite antioxidant and a hindered phenol antioxidant, and the ester phosphite antioxidant is a compound represented by a following general chemical formula:
- A represents a phenyl group that may have a substituent
- R 1 represents an alkyl group with four carbon atoms or more.
- an electrophotographic photoreceptor which comprises; a conductive substrate, an intermediate layer on the substrate, a photosensitive bilayer of an organic material on the intermediate layer, an outermost layer of said photosensitive bilayer contains an ester phosphite antioxidant and a hindered phenol antioxidant, and the ester phosphite antioxidant is at least one compound selected from the group represented by the following general chemical formulas:
- A represents a phenyl group that may have a substituent
- R 1 represents an alkyl group with four carbon atoms or more.
- R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 each represent an alkyl group with four carbon atoms or more.
- a method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising; coating an intermediate layer on a conductive substrate, coating a charge generation layer on said intermediate layer, preparing a solution containing a hindered phenol and an ester phosphite anti-oxidant, and coating said solution on said charge generation layer to form a charge transport layer.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-section of an embodiment of a photoreceptor according to the present invention.
- photoreceptors including photosensitive bilayers of an organic material on a conductive substrate, can decrease the effects of active gases and display enhanced repetition characteristics.
- Such photoreceptors can be obtained when an outermost sublayer of the photosensitive bilayer contains a combination of an ester phosphite antioxidant and a hindered phenol antioxidant.
- pans by weight For the purposes of this application, the "pts. wt.” designation in the embodiments described below refers to pans by weight. “Wt. %” is also used herein to designate atomic weight percentage.
- a electrophotographic photoreceptor shown generally at 5, includes a photosensitive bilayer 3 having a charge generation layer 3a and a charge transport layer 3b.
- the charge generation layer 3a is laminated on an intermediate layer 2 formed on a conductive substrate 1.
- the conductive substrate 1 may be formed in any convenient shape. For example, it may be formed in the shape of a plate, a sheet, a belt, or a cylinder.
- the material of the conductive substrate 1 may consist of any convenient material such as, for examle aluminum, aluminum alloy, or copper. It may similarly consist of a metal or a plastic coated with aluminum, aluminum alloy, or tin oxide. Coating may be performed by any convenient method such as, for example, vacuum evaporation or sputtering.
- the conductive substrate 1 may also be made up of metals, glass or plastics coated with a plating consisting of a mixture of a conductive material and an adequate binding resin. Alternately conductive substrate 1 may consist of plastics containing conductive materials.
- Adhesion between the conductive substrate 1 and the photosensitive bilayer 3 is improved by the presence of intermediate layer 2.
- the intermediate layer 2 also improves control of the injection of charge carriers from the conductive substrate 1 into the photosensitive bilayer 3.
- the intermediate layer 2 may consist of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl. methylether, polyamide, polyurethane, melamine resin, phenol resin, or aluminum oxide.
- the film thickness of this layer preferably ranges from about 0.05 to 20 ⁇ m, and more preferably from about 0.05 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the charge generation layer 3a is formed by vapor-evaporating or sputtering phthalocyanine, perylene, bisazo, polycyclic quinone, or indigo pigment. This layer may also be formed using a dye such as squaraine or azulenium.
- the charge generation layer 3a is made by coating a plating with one of the above-described pigments or dyes dispersed in a solution of binding resin. The solution is evaporated to leave the charge generation layer 3a.
- These binding resins may include polyvinylbutyral resin, polyallylate resin, polyester resin, or epoxy resin.
- the film thickness of the charge generation layer is preferably from about 0.1 to
- the charge transport layer 3b also contains an ester phosphite antioxidant and a hindered phenol antioxidant.
- the charge transport material further includes conventionally known compounds which are derivatives of hydrazone, hydrazine, triarylamine, styrylamine, indole, induline, butadiene, or pyrazole.
- the binding resin includes resins such as polyvinylbutyral, styrene, polycarbonate, polyester, epoxy, urethane, and acrylic.
- the charge transport layer 3b preferably contains from about 30 to about 70 wt. % of charge transport material relative to the total solid quantity of this layer.
- the film thickness of the charge transport layer is preferably 10 to 50 ⁇ m, and more preferably 15 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the charge transport layer 3b preferably contains from about 0.001 to 10 wt. %, and more preferably 0.01 to 5 wt. % of ester phosphite antioxidant relative to the total solid quantity of this layer. In addition, the charge transport layer preferably contains about 0.01 to 10 wt. %, and more preferably 0.1 to 5 wt. % of hindered phenol antioxidant relative to the total solid quantity of this layer.
- additives may be added to the photoreceptive layer of this invention to improve film formation capability, light fastness, mechanical strength, and potential stability.
- a 30 mm ⁇ 30 mm ⁇ 1 mm aluminum plate was prepared as a conductive substrate.
- Eight pts. wt. of copolymerized polyamide resin (manufactured by Daicel Hules; trade name "Diamid T-17") was dissolved in a solvent including a mixture of 70 pts. wt. of methanol and 30 pts. wt. of n-butanol.
- the resulting solution was then coated on the substrate, which was dried at 90 degrees C. for 20 minutes to form an intermediate layer 0.5 ⁇ m in film thickness.
- the compound denoted by formula 1-3 (below in EXAMPLES section) that is, (2,4-di-t-butylphenol)phosphite used as an ester phosphite antioxidant and the compound 4-1, (below in EXAMPLES section) that is, 2,4-bis-(n-octylthio)-6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylaniline)-1,3,5-triazine used as a hindered phenol antioxidant were added to 10 pts. wt. of hydrazone compound used as a charge transport material represented by the following structural formula, and 10 pts. wt. of polycarbonate resin (manufactured by Teijin Kasei Co., Ltd.; trade name "Panlite TS-2050").
- Each of these photoreceptors was evaluated for its photoreceptor characteristics and the respective amount that each resisted attack by ozone.
- the characteristics were evaluated using the static electricity charging test device EPA8100 manufactured by Kawaguchi Denki Seisakujo.
- the surface of the photoreceptor was charged and initial charge potential E O was measured.
- the photoreceptor was subsequently exposed to white light at 5 lux in illuminance to determine half-decay exposure E 1/2 (sensitivity) required to decrease the initial charged potential to half.
- E 1/2 sensitivity
- the photoreceptor characteristics were subsequently measured as described above to determine a decrease in charged potential (%) due to
- Table 1 clearly shows that the addition of both the ester phosphite antioxidant and the hindered phenol antioxidant to a charge transport layer 3b provides a much higher degree of ozone proofness than when no such antioxidant is added or when only one of the antioxidants is added.
- the table also shows that the addition of both antioxidants improves charging characteristics without reducing sensitivity compared with the addition of only one of them.
- Photoreceptors 2-1 to 2-9 were prepared in the same manner as in Embodiment 1, except that the ester phosphite antioxidant and the hindered phenol antioxidant to be added to a charge transport layer were replaced with the component 2-1, (below in EXAMPLES section) that is, diphenylmono (2-ethylhexyl) phosphite and the component 4-2, (below in EXAMPLES section) that is, 2,5 bis (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)hydroquinone, respectively, and that the amount of each antioxidant added was changed as shown in Table 2.
- the characteristics and the ozone proof nature of these photoreceptors were evaluated as in Embodiment 1. Table 2 shows the results.
- Table 2 shows that the addition of both the ester phosphite antioxidant and the hindered phenol antioxidant to a charge transport layer produces the same effects as in Embodiment 1.
- Photoreceptors 3-1 to 3-9 were prepared in the same manner as in Embodiment 1, except that the ester phosphite antioxidant and the hindered phenol antioxidant to be added to a charge transport layer were replaced with component 3-1, (below in EXAMPLES section) that is, tris (2-ethylhexyl) phosphite and the above component -3-, that is, pentaerythritol tetrakis [3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydrophenyl)propionate], respectively, and that the amount of each antioxidant added was changed as shown in Table 3.
- the characteristics and the ozone proof nature of these photoreceptors were evaluated as in Embodiment 1. Table 3 shows the results.
- Table 3 shows that the addition of both the ester phosphite antioxidant and the hindered phenol antioxidant to a charge transport layer produces the same effects as in Embodiment 1.
- the following antioxidants should be added to the charge transport layer 3b.
- 0.001 to 10 wt. %, preferably 0.01 to 5 wt. % of an ester phosphite antioxidant and 0.01 to 10 wt. %, preferably 0.1 to 5 wt. % of a hindered phenol antioxidant relative to the total solid quantity of the charge transport layer should be added to this layer.
- ester phosphite antioxidant is a compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- A represents a phenyl group that may have a substituent.
- ester phosphite antioxidant is a compound represented by the following general formula (2).
- A represents a phenyl group that may have a substituent
- R 1 represents an alkyl group with four carbon atoms or more.
- ester phosphite antioxidant is a compound represented by the following general formula (3). ##STR6## Wherein: A represents a phenyl group that may have a substituent.
- R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 each represent an alkyl group with four carbon atoms or more.
- hindered phenol antioxidant examples include compounds represented by the following structural formulas (4)-1 to (4)-10. ##STR8##
- a photosensitive bilayer comprises at least a charge generation layer 3a and a charge transport layer 3b formed in this order and said charge transport layer is the outermost layer
- the charge transport layer should contain an ester phosphite antioxidant and a hindered phenol antioxidant.
- the charge transport layer preferably contains 0.001 to 10 wt. % of an ester phosphite antioxidant and 0.01 to 10 wt. % of a hindered phenol antioxidant, relative to the total solid quantity of the charge transport layer.
Abstract
Description
[A--O.brket close-st..sub.3 P (1)
[A--O.brket close-st..sub.2 P--O--R.sub.1 ( 2)
[A--O.brket close-st..sub.2 P--O--R.sub.1 ( 2)
TABLE 1 ______________________________________ wherein "Ester" denotes Ester phosphite, "phenol" denotes Hindered phenol & the decrease in charge potential is styled E.sub.0 %. Photoreceptor characteristics Photo- Content of Initial Stage After O.sub.3 expos. receptor Antioxidant (%) V.sub.0 V.sub.0 E.sub.0 No. Ester Phenol (V) E.sub.1/2 (V) E.sub.1/2 % ______________________________________ 1-3 0 0.5 592 4.0 -527 3.8 11.0 1-2 0.5 0.5 -598 4.2 -564 4.1 5.7 1-3 1.2 0.5 -609 4.5 -587 4.2 3.6 1-4 2.4 0.5 615 4.1 595 4.1 3.3 1-5 4.7 1.5 626 4.3 617 4.4 1.4 1-6 2.4 0 -597 4.0 -552 3.9 7.5 1-7 2.4 0.2 602 4.0 582 4.0 3.3 1-8 2.4 1.0 623 4.7 606 4.7 2.7 1-9 0 0 581 3.8 414 3.5 28.7 ______________________________________
TABLE 2 ______________________________________ wherein "Ester" denotes Ester phosphite, "phenol" denotes Hindered phenol & the decrease in charge potential is styled E.sub.0 %. Photoreceptor characteristics Photo- Antioxident Initial Stage After O.sub.3 expos. receptor Cont. V.sub.0 V.sub.0 E.sub.0 No Ester phenol (V) E.sub.1/2 (V) E.sub.1/2 % ______________________________________ 2-1 0 0.5 -599 4.0 -531 3.8 11.4 2-2 0.05 0.5 -603 4.0 -569 3.9 5.6 2-3 0.1 0.5 -617 4.1 -602 4.1 2.4 2-4 0.2 0.5 -625 4.2 614 4.3 1.7 2-5 0.3 0.5 -632 4.3 621 4.9 1.7 2-6 0.1 0 -602 4.0 -560 3.8 7.0 2-7 0.1 0.1 -610 4.0 539 4.2 2.8 2-8 0.1 1.0 -622 4.2 609 4.2 2.1 2-9 0 0 -581 3.8 414 3.5 28.7 ______________________________________
TABLE 3 ______________________________________ wherein "Ester" denotes Ester phosphite, "phenol" denotes Hindered phenol & the decrease in charge potential is styled E.sub.0 %. Photoreceptor characteristics Photo- Content of Initial Stage After O.sub.3 expos. receptor Antioxidant (%) V.sub.0 V.sub.0 E.sub.0 No. Ester Phenol (V) E.sub.1/2 (V) E.sub.1/2 % ______________________________________ 3-1 0 4.8 604 4.0 535 3.8 11.4 3-2 0.01 4.8 -618 4.1 586 3.9 5.2 3-3 0.02 4.8 -623 4.1 607 4.1 2.6 3-4 0.03 4.8 -635 4.2 -621 4.3 2.2 3-5 0.04 4.8 -641 4.8 -634 4.9 1.1 3-6 0.02 0 -608 3.9 553 3.8 9.0 3-7 0.02 2.4 -612 4.1 -594 4.2 2.9 3-8 0.02 9.1 -627 4.2 -612 4.2 2.4 3-9 0 0 -581 3.8 -414 3.5 28.7 ______________________________________
[A--O.brket close-st..sub.3 P (1)
[A--O.brket close-st..sub.2 P--O--R.sub.1 (2)
Claims (9)
[A--O.brket close-st..sub.3 P
[A--O.brket close-st..sub.2 P--O--R.sub.1
[A--O.brket close-st..sub.3 P
[A--O.brket close-st..sub.2 P--R.sub.1
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2463494 | 1994-02-23 | ||
JP6-024634 | 1994-02-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5567557A true US5567557A (en) | 1996-10-22 |
Family
ID=12143567
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/393,411 Expired - Lifetime US5567557A (en) | 1994-02-23 | 1995-02-23 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5567557A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2143073A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE19505908A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2286892B (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5945243A (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 1999-08-31 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd | Photoconductor for electrophotography and method of manufacturing the same |
US5972549A (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-10-26 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Dual layer photoconductors with charge generation layer containing hindered hydroxylated aromatic compound |
US6225017B1 (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 2001-05-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophotographic photosensitive member, and process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus having the electrophotographic photosensitive member |
WO2002071156A1 (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2002-09-12 | Lexmark International, Inc. | A charge transfer layer with hydrazone, acetosol yellow and antioxidant of butylated p-cresol reacted with dicyclopentadiene |
US20050175910A1 (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2005-08-11 | Xerox Corporation | Imaging member |
US20070026328A1 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-02-01 | Xerox Corporation | Photoreceptor layer having phosphorus-containing lubricant |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3299934B2 (en) * | 1998-12-15 | 2002-07-08 | 富士電機画像デバイス株式会社 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor and method of manufacturing the same |
Citations (9)
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US4207229A (en) * | 1976-07-30 | 1980-06-10 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Hindered phenyl phosphites |
DE3625766A1 (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1987-02-12 | Ricoh Kk | LIGHT SENSITIVE MATERIAL FOR ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY |
JPS62105151A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-05-15 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
JPS62234164A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1987-10-14 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
GB2201255A (en) * | 1986-07-10 | 1988-08-24 | Konishiroku Photo Ind | Image forming process |
JPH01118137A (en) * | 1987-10-30 | 1989-05-10 | Konica Corp | Photosensitive body |
US5008168A (en) * | 1988-04-18 | 1991-04-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Photosensitive member for electrophotography |
US5192633A (en) * | 1989-05-09 | 1993-03-09 | Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. | Laminate type photosensitive material for electrophotography |
JPH05257299A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-10-08 | Konica Corp | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
-
1995
- 1995-02-17 GB GB9503087A patent/GB2286892B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-02-21 DE DE19505908A patent/DE19505908A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-02-21 CA CA002143073A patent/CA2143073A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-02-23 US US08/393,411 patent/US5567557A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4207229A (en) * | 1976-07-30 | 1980-06-10 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Hindered phenyl phosphites |
DE3625766A1 (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1987-02-12 | Ricoh Kk | LIGHT SENSITIVE MATERIAL FOR ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY |
GB2180659A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1987-04-01 | Ricoh Kk | Photosensitive material for electrophotography |
JPS62234164A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1987-10-14 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
JPS62105151A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-05-15 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
GB2201255A (en) * | 1986-07-10 | 1988-08-24 | Konishiroku Photo Ind | Image forming process |
JPH01118137A (en) * | 1987-10-30 | 1989-05-10 | Konica Corp | Photosensitive body |
US5008168A (en) * | 1988-04-18 | 1991-04-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Photosensitive member for electrophotography |
US5192633A (en) * | 1989-05-09 | 1993-03-09 | Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. | Laminate type photosensitive material for electrophotography |
JPH05257299A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-10-08 | Konica Corp | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5945243A (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 1999-08-31 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd | Photoconductor for electrophotography and method of manufacturing the same |
US6225017B1 (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 2001-05-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophotographic photosensitive member, and process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus having the electrophotographic photosensitive member |
US5972549A (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-10-26 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Dual layer photoconductors with charge generation layer containing hindered hydroxylated aromatic compound |
WO2002071156A1 (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2002-09-12 | Lexmark International, Inc. | A charge transfer layer with hydrazone, acetosol yellow and antioxidant of butylated p-cresol reacted with dicyclopentadiene |
US20050175910A1 (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2005-08-11 | Xerox Corporation | Imaging member |
EP1564596A1 (en) | 2004-02-10 | 2005-08-17 | Xerox Corporation | Imaging member |
US7410738B2 (en) | 2004-02-10 | 2008-08-12 | Xerox Corporation | Imaging member having first and second charge transport layers |
US20070026328A1 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-02-01 | Xerox Corporation | Photoreceptor layer having phosphorus-containing lubricant |
US7651827B2 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2010-01-26 | Xerox Corporation | Photoreceptor layer having phosphorus-containing lubricant |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2286892A (en) | 1995-08-30 |
GB2286892B (en) | 1997-06-18 |
GB9503087D0 (en) | 1995-04-05 |
DE19505908A1 (en) | 1995-08-24 |
CA2143073A1 (en) | 1995-08-24 |
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