US4819649A - Noninvasive vibration measurement system and method for measuring amplitude of vibration of tissue in an object being investigated - Google Patents
Noninvasive vibration measurement system and method for measuring amplitude of vibration of tissue in an object being investigated Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4819649A US4819649A US06/926,452 US92645286A US4819649A US 4819649 A US4819649 A US 4819649A US 92645286 A US92645286 A US 92645286A US 4819649 A US4819649 A US 4819649A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- investigated
- vibration
- amplitude
- ultrasonic energy
- continuous wave
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/12—Audiometering
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
- G01S15/50—Systems of measurement, based on relative movement of the target
Definitions
- the invention herein disclosed and claimed is directed to the use of continuous wave (cw) frequency energy of high spectral purity in the fluid-coupled accurate measurement of the amplitude of low frequency vibration of an object or entity under investigation.
- cw continuous wave
- the invention will be described in conjunction with the accurate measurement of the amplitude of acoustically induced vibration of organs in a living fish, in which the living organism and the ultrasonic investigating mechanism are all coupled underwater, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other and different applications may be made of the invention without departing from the principles disclosed herein.
- Invasive techniques or methods include the use of the Mossbauer effect, lasere vibrometry and holography and the use of accelerometers or microphones.
- the invasive techniques involve surgery to expose the tissue to be investigated and, in the case of those employing the Mossbauer effect or of the use of accelerometers, the probe is required to be placed in contact with the tissue being investigated, which will invariably alter its vibrational characteristics.
- a method which alters the vibrational characteristics of the organism and its tissue will be termed an “intrusive” technique, whereas a technique which does not alter the vibrational characteristics will be termed as “non-intrusive”.
- the invention involves transmitting a beam of ultrasonic continuous wave energy along one axis, receiving a beam of reflected ultrasonic energy along a second axis, intersecting the axes of the transmitted and received beams where the intersecting beams define a small concentrated spot, relatively positioning a vibrating object under investigation and the concentrated spot so that the receiving beam is modulated by the vibration of the object, and determining the amplitude of vibration of the object from the modulation of the received beam.
- the amplitude of vibration may be determined by ratioing the amplitudes of sidebands resulting from modulation to the amplitude of the phase carrier in the received beam.
- the objectives of the invention are achieved by focusing or concentrating continuous wave ultrasonic energy on an object which is vibrating at a low frequency, detecting the energy scattered or reflected by the object and determining the amplitude of low frequency vibration of the object from the modulation caused by the low frequency vibrational movement of the object. Since the ultrasonic energy is of continuous wave form, the modulation is of double sideband form and the determination of the amplitude of vibration involves measurement of the ratio of sideband amplitude to the amplitude of the ultrasonic frequency.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a preferred system according to this invention
- FIGS. 2 through 4 are graphs indicating the responses of auditory organs of goldfish when exposed to different frequencies within their audible range.
- the schematic representation therein illustrates the physical arrangement utilized to measure, in vivo, vibratory amplitudes of auditory organs of goldfish in accord with this invention.
- the specimen properly anesthetized, is indicated by the reference character 10 and is held in position by a clamping device 12 carried by the arm 14 of a translator 16.
- the details of the translator form no part of this invention but the mechanism should be capable of both linear translation of the specimen along any one or all of the orthogonal axes X, Y and Z and the rotation of the specimen about one of these axes.
- the Z axis is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and rotation about this axis may be effected.
- the specimen is ensonified by an underwater sound projector 18 (Naval Research Lab's J9) at a frequency within the auditory range of the specimen (approximately 100-1000 Hz), the low frequency wave generator 20 being connected through the amplifier 22 to the projector 18.
- a convergent beam of continuous wave ultrasonic energy is produced by the low power (0.1 watt) transducer or transmitter 24, the beam being focused at a spot within the specimen, and a second, receiving transducer 26 is also focused on this same spot to receive the divergent beam of energy reflected (or scattered) by the organ or tissue upon which the beams are focused.
- the specimen, transducers and sound wave projector are most conveniently located underwater to provide the most beneficial fluid coupling.
- the transmitter is connected to a high frequency wave generator 28 whereas the receiver 26 outputs to the spectrum analyzer 30 (HP 3585A) having sufficient dynamic range (e.g., in excess of 80 dB).
- An on-line data plotter and storage device 32 is connected to the spectrum analyzer 30 and the analyzer, translator and low frequency wave generator are all connected to the personal computer 34 for effecting the necessary arithmetic operations on the outputs from the analyzer and for effecting the desired frequency outputs from the wave generator 20 and the desired movements of the specimen as achieved by the translator.
- the invention provides means whereby the size, density and composition of kidney stones may be investigated without requiring surgery.
- the body being investigated need not be stimulated with a low frequency sound field as herein, but may be excited into vibration at the required frequency by supporting the body and shaking or vibrating the support.
- the transmitter and receiver may simply be provided with suitable liquid coupling to the body.
- the transducers may be submerged in water in a sealed container having a flexible diaphragm which is brought into contact with the body, with or without the use of a coupling gel or the like.
- the modulation is double sideband modulation on the carrier (ultrasonic) frequency
- the vibrational amplitude of the tissue under investigation can be determined from the ratio of the amplitude of the sidebands to the amplitude of the carrier as read from the analyzer and an absolute value of the vibration amplitude is obtained.
- FIGS. 2-4 illustrate echos from goldfish otoliths at 200, 600 and 1000 Hz excitation frequencies and probed with 10 MHz ultrasonic frequency.
- Each graph illustrates the carrier echo frequency amplitude response C as well as the amplitudes SB1 and SB2 of the two sidebands.
- the auditory organs under consideration are of about 1 mm height and width. Amplitudes of vibration of goldfish otoliths as measured and corresponding to the graphs of FIGS. 2-4 respectively were 2.7, 0.17 and 0.25 10 -7 m.
Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US06/926,452 US4819649A (en) | 1986-11-03 | 1986-11-03 | Noninvasive vibration measurement system and method for measuring amplitude of vibration of tissue in an object being investigated |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US06/926,452 US4819649A (en) | 1986-11-03 | 1986-11-03 | Noninvasive vibration measurement system and method for measuring amplitude of vibration of tissue in an object being investigated |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US4819649A true US4819649A (en) | 1989-04-11 |
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US06/926,452 Expired - Lifetime US4819649A (en) | 1986-11-03 | 1986-11-03 | Noninvasive vibration measurement system and method for measuring amplitude of vibration of tissue in an object being investigated |
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Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4928697A (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1990-05-29 | The Ohio State University | Non-contact high frequency tonometer |
US5086775A (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1992-02-11 | University Of Rochester | Method and apparatus for using Doppler modulation parameters for estimation of vibration amplitude |
US5099848A (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1992-03-31 | University Of Rochester | Method and apparatus for breast imaging and tumor detection using modal vibration analysis |
US5125514A (en) * | 1988-10-11 | 1992-06-30 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Recognizing unwanted material in textile fibers |
US5148807A (en) * | 1990-08-28 | 1992-09-22 | Ohio State University | Non-contact tonometer |
US5181778A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-01-26 | Eg&G Idaho, Inc. | Ultrasonic tomography for in-process measurements of temperature in a multi-phase medium |
US5265612A (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1993-11-30 | Medical Biophysics International | Intracavity ultrasonic device for elasticity imaging |
US5329927A (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1994-07-19 | Echo Cath, Inc. | Apparatus and method for locating an interventional medical device with a ultrasound color imaging system |
US5423332A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1995-06-13 | Uromed Corporation | Device and method for determining the mass or volume of a body part |
US5425370A (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-06-20 | Echocath, Inc. | Method and apparatus for locating vibrating devices |
US5591913A (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1997-01-07 | Southern Research Institute | Apparatus and method for ultrasonic spectroscopy testing of materials |
US5718227A (en) * | 1995-08-02 | 1998-02-17 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Sound localization using parametric ultrasound |
US5979240A (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1999-11-09 | System Planning Corporation | Method and apparatus for detecting recyclable items concealed within solid waste |
US5997477A (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 1999-12-07 | The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Apparatus for imaging an element within a tissue and method therefor |
US6319201B1 (en) | 1997-10-15 | 2001-11-20 | Peter J. Wilk | Imaging device and associated method |
US6517484B1 (en) | 2000-02-28 | 2003-02-11 | Wilk Patent Development Corporation | Ultrasonic imaging system and associated method |
US6658277B2 (en) | 2001-09-13 | 2003-12-02 | Imagyn Medical Technologies, Inc. | Signal processing method and device for signal-to-noise improvement |
US6801799B2 (en) | 2000-10-05 | 2004-10-05 | Cybro Medical, Ltd. | Pulse oximeter and method of operation |
US20050020918A1 (en) * | 2000-02-28 | 2005-01-27 | Wilk Ultrasound Of Canada, Inc. | Ultrasonic medical device and associated method |
US20050288588A1 (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2005-12-29 | Peter Weber | Real-time 3D ultrasonic imaging apparatus and method |
US7285094B2 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2007-10-23 | Nohara Timothy J | 3D ultrasonic imaging apparatus and method |
US7500956B1 (en) * | 1999-06-29 | 2009-03-10 | Wilk Peter J | Apparatus and method for resonant destruction of tumors |
FR2932887A1 (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2009-12-25 | Univ Francois Rabelais De Tour | ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENT DEVICE FOR LOCALIZED AND NON-CONTACT MEASUREMENT OF ELASTIC AND DISSIPATIVE NON-LINEARITIES AND VISCOELASTICITY |
EA022138B1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2015-11-30 | Учреждение Образования "Белорусский Государственный Университет Информатики И Радиоэлектроники" | Method for measuring amplitude of object vibration |
US20170168020A1 (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2017-06-15 | Highfrequency Viscoelasticity Corporation | Viscoelastic characteristic measurement apparatus and viscoelastic characteristic measurement method |
US10945706B2 (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2021-03-16 | Biim Ultrasound As | Hand held ultrasound probe |
US11442165B2 (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2022-09-13 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Methods and apparatus to measure and analyze vibration signatures |
Citations (4)
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US4414850A (en) * | 1980-06-03 | 1983-11-15 | Fujitsu Limited | Measurement method and system utilizing ultrasonic wave |
US4543827A (en) * | 1982-07-12 | 1985-10-01 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries | Method for measuring physical properties of material |
US4610255A (en) * | 1983-12-02 | 1986-09-09 | Fujitsu Limited | Ultrasonic non-linear parameter measuring system |
US4653505A (en) * | 1984-05-25 | 1987-03-31 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | System and method for measuring sound velocity of tissue in an object being investigated |
-
1986
- 1986-11-03 US US06/926,452 patent/US4819649A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
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US4414850A (en) * | 1980-06-03 | 1983-11-15 | Fujitsu Limited | Measurement method and system utilizing ultrasonic wave |
US4543827A (en) * | 1982-07-12 | 1985-10-01 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries | Method for measuring physical properties of material |
US4610255A (en) * | 1983-12-02 | 1986-09-09 | Fujitsu Limited | Ultrasonic non-linear parameter measuring system |
US4653505A (en) * | 1984-05-25 | 1987-03-31 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | System and method for measuring sound velocity of tissue in an object being investigated |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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Signals and Systems, by Poularikas et al., pp. 219 221, PWS Publisher, 1985. * |
Signals and Systems, by Poularikas et al., pp. 219-221, PWS Publisher, 1985. |
Cited By (43)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4928697A (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1990-05-29 | The Ohio State University | Non-contact high frequency tonometer |
US5125514A (en) * | 1988-10-11 | 1992-06-30 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Recognizing unwanted material in textile fibers |
US5148807A (en) * | 1990-08-28 | 1992-09-22 | Ohio State University | Non-contact tonometer |
US5086775A (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1992-02-11 | University Of Rochester | Method and apparatus for using Doppler modulation parameters for estimation of vibration amplitude |
US5099848A (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1992-03-31 | University Of Rochester | Method and apparatus for breast imaging and tumor detection using modal vibration analysis |
WO1992007514A1 (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1992-05-14 | University Of Rochester | Using doppler modulation parameters for amplitude estimation |
US5181778A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-01-26 | Eg&G Idaho, Inc. | Ultrasonic tomography for in-process measurements of temperature in a multi-phase medium |
US20080228077A1 (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 2008-09-18 | Wilk Ultrasound Of Canada, Inc. | Ultrasonic medical device and associated method |
US7497828B1 (en) | 1992-01-10 | 2009-03-03 | Wilk Ultrasound Of Canada, Inc. | Ultrasonic medical device and associated method |
US8235907B2 (en) | 1992-01-10 | 2012-08-07 | Wilk Ultrasound of Canada, Inc | Ultrasonic medical device and associated method |
US5265612A (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1993-11-30 | Medical Biophysics International | Intracavity ultrasonic device for elasticity imaging |
US5329927A (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1994-07-19 | Echo Cath, Inc. | Apparatus and method for locating an interventional medical device with a ultrasound color imaging system |
WO1994018887A1 (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1994-09-01 | Echo Cath, Inc. | Locating an interventional medical device by ultrasound |
US5423332A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1995-06-13 | Uromed Corporation | Device and method for determining the mass or volume of a body part |
US5425370A (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-06-20 | Echocath, Inc. | Method and apparatus for locating vibrating devices |
US5591913A (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1997-01-07 | Southern Research Institute | Apparatus and method for ultrasonic spectroscopy testing of materials |
US5718227A (en) * | 1995-08-02 | 1998-02-17 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Sound localization using parametric ultrasound |
US5979240A (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1999-11-09 | System Planning Corporation | Method and apparatus for detecting recyclable items concealed within solid waste |
US5997477A (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 1999-12-07 | The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Apparatus for imaging an element within a tissue and method therefor |
WO2000040154A1 (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 2000-07-13 | The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Apparatus for imaging an element within a tissue and method therefor |
US6319201B1 (en) | 1997-10-15 | 2001-11-20 | Peter J. Wilk | Imaging device and associated method |
US7500956B1 (en) * | 1999-06-29 | 2009-03-10 | Wilk Peter J | Apparatus and method for resonant destruction of tumors |
US7597665B2 (en) | 2000-02-28 | 2009-10-06 | Wilk Peter J | Ultrasonic medical device and associated method |
US6517484B1 (en) | 2000-02-28 | 2003-02-11 | Wilk Patent Development Corporation | Ultrasonic imaging system and associated method |
US20050020918A1 (en) * | 2000-02-28 | 2005-01-27 | Wilk Ultrasound Of Canada, Inc. | Ultrasonic medical device and associated method |
US6801799B2 (en) | 2000-10-05 | 2004-10-05 | Cybro Medical, Ltd. | Pulse oximeter and method of operation |
US7027850B2 (en) | 2001-09-13 | 2006-04-11 | Conmed Corporation | Signal processing method and device for signal-to-noise improvement |
US7060035B2 (en) | 2001-09-13 | 2006-06-13 | Conmed Corporation | Signal processing method and device for signal-to-noise improvement |
US20040010188A1 (en) * | 2001-09-13 | 2004-01-15 | Yoram Wasserman | Signal processing method and device for signal-to-noise improvement |
US6658277B2 (en) | 2001-09-13 | 2003-12-02 | Imagyn Medical Technologies, Inc. | Signal processing method and device for signal-to-noise improvement |
US7285094B2 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2007-10-23 | Nohara Timothy J | 3D ultrasonic imaging apparatus and method |
US7914454B2 (en) | 2004-06-25 | 2011-03-29 | Wilk Ultrasound Of Canada, Inc. | Real-time 3D ultrasonic imaging apparatus and method |
US20050288588A1 (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2005-12-29 | Peter Weber | Real-time 3D ultrasonic imaging apparatus and method |
WO2010007234A1 (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2010-01-21 | Universite Francois Rabelais De Tours | Acoustic device for localized contactless measurement of elastic and dissipative non-linearities and viscoelasticity |
US20110154901A1 (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-06-30 | Universite Francois Rabelais De Tours | Acoustic device for localized contactless measurement of elastic and dissipative non-linearities and viscoelasticity |
CN102124328A (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-07-13 | 图尔弗朗索瓦·拉伯雷大学 | Acoustic device for localized contactless measurement of elastic and dissipative non-linearities and viscoelasticity |
FR2932887A1 (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2009-12-25 | Univ Francois Rabelais De Tour | ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENT DEVICE FOR LOCALIZED AND NON-CONTACT MEASUREMENT OF ELASTIC AND DISSIPATIVE NON-LINEARITIES AND VISCOELASTICITY |
US8616060B2 (en) | 2008-06-24 | 2013-12-31 | Universite Francois Rabelais De Tours | Acoustic device for localized contactless measurement of elastic and dissipative non-linearities and viscoelasticity |
EA022138B1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2015-11-30 | Учреждение Образования "Белорусский Государственный Университет Информатики И Радиоэлектроники" | Method for measuring amplitude of object vibration |
US20170168020A1 (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2017-06-15 | Highfrequency Viscoelasticity Corporation | Viscoelastic characteristic measurement apparatus and viscoelastic characteristic measurement method |
US11442165B2 (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2022-09-13 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Methods and apparatus to measure and analyze vibration signatures |
US10945706B2 (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2021-03-16 | Biim Ultrasound As | Hand held ultrasound probe |
US11744551B2 (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2023-09-05 | Biim Ultrasound As | Hand held ultrasound probe |
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