US4693728A - Hydrocolloid blend for controlled release of calcium ions - Google Patents
Hydrocolloid blend for controlled release of calcium ions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4693728A US4693728A US06/770,114 US77011485A US4693728A US 4693728 A US4693728 A US 4693728A US 77011485 A US77011485 A US 77011485A US 4693728 A US4693728 A US 4693728A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- guar
- salt
- hydrocolloid
- blend
- alginate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B65/00—Compositions containing mordants
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/001—Special chemical aspects of printing textile materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
- A23K50/48—Moist feed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
- A23L29/206—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L9/00—Puddings; Cream substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L9/10—Puddings; Dry powder puddings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
- C08L5/04—Alginic acid; Derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/46—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing natural macromolecular substances or derivatives thereof
- D06P1/48—Derivatives of carbohydrates
Definitions
- the preferred hydrocolloid is guar.
- Guar is a commercially available gum derived from the seed of the guar plant, Cyanaposis tetragonolobus.
- other hydrocolloids usable in this invention include guar derivatives such as oxidized guar, carboxymethyl guar, de-polymerized guar, and hydroxyalkyl guar such as hydroxyethyl- and hydroxypropyl-guar, polyvinylalcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), xanthan gum, cold water soluble locust bean gum, cold water soluble starch, and starch derivatives such as hydroxyethylated and hydroxypropylated starch.
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- xanthan gum cold water soluble locust bean gum
- cold water soluble starch cold water soluble starch
- starch derivatives such as hydroxyethylated and hydroxypropylated starch.
- the alginates to be used are the soluble salts of alginic acid.
- Alginic acid derived primarily from kelp, is a commercially available product, as are the alginates.
- Especially preferred alginates are the sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts.
- the di-valent salts which can be used in this invention are preferably those of calcium, barium, and strontium.
- the salts include a range of different solubilities from the least soluble like calcium citrate, tartrate, sulphate, and phosphate to the very soluble like calcium chloride.
- the salts include the acetate, bromide, carbonate, fluoride, fumarate, d-gluconate, glycerophosphate, hydroxide, iodide, lactate, di-malate, d-malate, maleate, malonate, nitrate, nitrite, oleate, primary-, secondary-, and tertiary-orthophosphate, proprionate, salicylate, and d-tartrate salts.
- the tri-valent salts such as those of aluminium, may also be used.
- the blends of the hydrocolloids and di-valent salts are prepared by dry mixing the two ingredients and then slowly adding water under agitation to form a paste or dough. If insufficient water is used (as evidenced by a lack of pasting), the hydrocolloid is not properly hydrated and an unacceptable product is produced. If an excess of water is used (such that the hydrocolloid is mostly dissolved) an acceptable product can be produced but the drying step becomes time-consuming and expensive.
- the ratio of di-valent salt to hydrocolloid ranges from 10:1 to 1:20 (based on total dry weights). Preferably the range is 5:1 to 1:5.
- hydrocolloid/di-valent salt blends are usable wherever it is desirable to controllably gel aqueous alginate solutions. Examples of such applications include gelled foods such as pet foods, sauces, gravies, bakery fillings, and structured foods such as structured pimento strips for olives. As stated above, there is a range of usable hydrocolloid:salt ratios. Likewise, there is a variety of specific salts, with varying solubility rates. The combination of these will determine the rate of viscosity build-up, which is dependent on the needs of the individual practitioner.
- This blend is especially useful in alginate dye printing systems.
- the combination of algins and calcium salts has been disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,222,740 as a means of forming dye resist areas on textiles.
- gelled regions are formed by separately applying a gelable (alginate) composition and a gelling (calcium) agent composition to a textile and then over-dyeing the material, the gelled regions serving as dye resist areas.
- U.K. No. 8300635 (DE No. 3300705 Al) teaches that when very low levels of a gelling agent are used to pretreat a substrate followed by printing with an alginate-containing print paste, the dye usage for equal color yield is reduced, accompanied by improved print definition.
- a mixed divvalent/monovalent (such as calcium/sodium) salt of alginic acid in the print paste effects a reduction in dye usage for equivalent color yield when compared to a print paste using sodium alginate or other conventional thickener.
- the reduction in dye usage is accomplished without the necessity of pretreating the substrate.
- the use of the mixed calcium/sodium alginate advantageously eliminates one of the process steps required by U.S. Pat. No. 4,222,740 and U.K. No. 8300635 while producing a savings in dye usage.
- the calcium (i.e., divalent ion) can conveniently be provided by the hydrocolloid/salt blends of this invention.
- This invention therefore, comprises a mixture of blend of hydrocolloid and salt as hereinbefore described and a soluble alginate, said mixture being especially useful in print paste compositions.
- the specific amount and type of alginate used in any particular application will, of course, be dependent on the other materials in the print paste, e.g., oxidizing agents, buffers, etc. These can be determined by the individual practitioner depending on his particular formulation. However, usage levels of the mixture of blend and alginate in the range 10 to 90% by weight are recommended; preferably 40 to 60%.
- the viscosity of the print pastes should be 5,000 to 30,000 cP (RVT or RVF, Brookfield Viscometer at 20 rpm, spindle 6, 20° C.) immediately before printing, preferably between 12,000-18,000 cP.
- thickening agents such as guar, carboxymethyl guar, de-polymerized guar, locust bean gum, CMC, suitable synthetic polymers, cellulose derivatives such as sodium-carboxymethyl cellulose, and starch derivatives such as starch ether or combinations of said agents may be included to provide some of the viscosity and flow characteristics.
- the di-valent ion level is defined as the amount theoretically necessary to convert 16-60% of the soluble alginate, preferably 25-50%, to the desired mixed alginate salt.
- the print pastes of this invention are those prepared using pigments or dyes such as disperse dyes, reactive dyes, combinations of disperse and reactive dyes, and acid dyes, i.e., all anionic or non-ionic dyes but not cationic dyes.
- Reactive dyes are difficult to use because fixation, as with 1.5% sodium carbonate, is deleterious to the Ca ++ /Na + ratio in the alginate.
- the term "dye” is intended to also include “pigment”.
- the invention is most effective with disperse dyes.
- these print pastes comprise a variety of well known compounds such as buffers, oxidizing agents, etc. The preparation of such pastes is known in the art.
- the substrates to be treated include, for example, polyesters, cellulosics, cottons, blends of these such as polyester/cottons, nylons, and polyamides.
- the substrates can be any material which can be printed with the appropriate dyes.
- the print paste composition can be applied by any conventional printing or dye method such as flat or rotary screen printing, block or raised relief printing, jet printing, stencil printing, engraved cylinder printing, Tak dying, Kuster dying, dip squeeze application, or hand application.
- the print paste pick-up can be 25% less when compared to pastes using conventional thickeners.
- the dye actually consumed can be reduced by up to 15-25% typically but taking into account shade strength and different dye colors, the range of dye reductions falls within 5-40%.
- the substrate is treated as necessary to fix any dyes, then washed, dried and otherwise treated by conventional methods to produce the desired end product.
- Example 1 125 Kg guar and 67.3 kg of calcium citrate were mixed in a paddle-type dough mixer for five minutes. 154 Kg water were added over 5-10 minutes and mixing continued for a further 30 minutes. The mixer was stopped and a further 125 kg guar added. Mixing resumed for 3-4 minutes. Then the dough was crumbled, dried, milled, and classified as in Example 1.
- the dye was fixed on the printed material by high temperature (H.T.) steam at 175° C. followed by: a wash procedure consisting of:
- Polyester knitted fabric was printed with two print pastes constituted as follows:
- the dye was then fixed and washed.
- the prints showed equal color intensity, although 20% less dye was used in the test recipe.
- the thickener was prepared by dry mixing the following ingredients:
- the calcium content of the thickener was 5%, based on the amount of sodium alginate.
- Polyester knitted fabric was printed with two print pastes constituted as follows:
- the dye was then fixed and washed.
- the prints showed equal color intensity although 20 percent less dye was used in the test recipe.
- the thickener was the same as in Example 3.
- Polyester knitted fabric was printed with two print pastes constituted as follows:
- the dye was then fixed and washed.
- the colour intensity on the prints corresponded to a dye saving of 20% when the test recipe was used.
- the amount of alginate (Manucol DH) in the test recipe was 1.2% vs. 3.2% in the conventional recipe.
- the thickener was the same as in Example 3.
- Example 3 Following the procedure of Example 1 but using carboxymethyl cellulose instead of guar, a blend was prepared which was then used to prepare a 34/38/28 thickener as in Example 3.
- Polyester knitted fabric was printed with two print pastes constituted as follows:
- the dye was then fixed and washed.
- the print showed equal colour intensity although 13% less dye was used in the test recipe.
- Polyester knitted fabric was printed with two print pastes constituted as follows:
- the dye was then fixed and washed.
- the colour intensity on the print correspondend to a dye saving of 25%.
- the thickener was prepared by dry mixing the following ingredients:
- Knitted polyester was printed with two print pastes constituted as follows:
- the dye was then fixed and washed.
- the prints showed equal color intensity although 30% less dye was used in the test recipe.
- the thickener was the same as in Example 3.
- the following table demonstrates the improved solubility of alginates in hard water when mixed with the hydrocolloid/salt blends of this invention as compared to the solubility of alginates when merely mixed with the same salts.
- the first two samples are dry blends of sodium alginate and calcium citrate (sufficient to give 45% calcium conversion).
- the viscosity readings are actual.
- the third sample was of the same composition as the thickener in Example 3.
- the thickener was of similar composition to that of Example 3 except that the hydrocolloid/salt blend was 74% xanthan gum and 26% calcium citrate.4H 2 O.
- the viscosity readings shown for samples 3 and 4 were obtained from a plot of viscosity vs. water hardness.
- a gelled pet food was prepared using as the thickener sodium alginate and a hydrocolloid/salt blend of this invention comprising guar and calcium sulfate.
- the composition of the pet food was:
- a custard was prepared of the following compositions:
- the gel strength of the custard was 117 gm at 30 mins and 332 gm at 18 hr, measured on a Stevens LFRA Texture Analyser.
- Hydrocolloid/salt blends in the ratios 14.3:85.7 and 85.7:14.3 were prepared following the procedure of Example 1. These blends were mixed with sodium alginate to form thickeners, which were dissolved in water of varying hardness. The following solubility data were obtained:
Abstract
Description
______________________________________ Wt. (kg) ______________________________________ Hydroxyethyl-guar gum (disperse dye printing grade) 250 Tricalcium citrate.4H.sub.2 O (87% through 250 micron 90 sieve 45% through 40 micron) Tap water 308 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Wt. (kg) ______________________________________ Hydroxyethyl guar (disperse dye printing grade) 250 Tricalcium citrate.4H.sub.2 O (87% through 250 micron 67.3 sieve 45% through 40 micron) Tap water 154 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Test Conventional Recipe (%) Recipe (%) ______________________________________ Palanil Brilliant Blue 4.0 4.8 P-BGF liquid (non-ionic disperse dye) Monosodium orthophosphate 0.1 0.1 Silcolapse 5006 (anti- 0.1 0.1 foam agent based on silicon fluid emulsion) Prisulon SPE-K (thickener -- 3.75 based on guar/starch derivative) Thickener 3.5 -- Water 92.3 91.25 100 100 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Amt. (Wt. %) ______________________________________ Sodium alginate 34 (Manucol ®DH, Kelco/AIL International Ltd.) Starch ether 38 (Solvitose C5, Tunnel Avebe Starches Ltd.) Hydrocolloid/salt blend of Example 1 28 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Test Conventional Recipe (%) Recipe (%) ______________________________________ Dispersol Rubine C-B liquid 4.0 4.8 (anionic disperse dye) Monosodium orthophosphate 0.1 0.1 Matexil PA-L (sodium 1.0 1.0 m-nitrobenzene sulphonate) Manutex RS (high viscosity -- 2.25 sodium alginate with 0.6 percent Ca.sup.++ on alginate) Thickener 3.6 -- Calgon (sodium-hexa-m-phosphate) -- 0.55 Water 91.3 91.3 100 100 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Test Conventional Recipe (%) Recipe (%) ______________________________________ Dispersol Rubine C-B liquid 4.0 4.8 (anionic disperse dye) Monosodium orthophosphate 0.1 0.1 Matexil PA-L (sodium 1.0 1.0 m-nitrobenzene sulphonate) Manucol ®DH (medium viscosity -- 3.2 sodium alginate with 0.2% CA.sup.++ on alginate) Thickener 3.6 -- Calgon (sodium hexa-m-phosphate) -- 0.8 Water 91.3 90.1 100 100 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Test Conventional Recipe (%) Recipe (%) ______________________________________ Palanil Brilliant Blue 4.0 4.6 BGF liquid (anionic disperse dye) Monosodium orthophosphate 0.1 0.1 Silcolapse 5006 (anti- 0.1 0.1 foam agent based on silicon fluid emulsion Prisulon SPE-K (thickener -- 3.75 based on guar/starch derivatives) Thickener 4.7 -- Water 91.1 91.45 100 100 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Test Conventional Recipe (%) Recipe (%) ______________________________________ Palanil Brilliant Blue 3.6 4.8 BGF liquid Luprintan HDF, 1.5 1.5 fixation accelerator (BASF) Monosodium orthophosphate 0.2 0.2 Silcolapse 5006 0.1 0.1 Prisulon SPE-K -- 3.75 Thickener 2.7 -- Water 91.9 89.65 100 100 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Amt. (Wt. %) ______________________________________ Sodium alginate 51 (Manucol ®DH) Citric acid anhyd. 8 Hydrocolloid/salt blend 41 of Example 1 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Test Conventional Recipe (%) Recipe (%) ______________________________________ Palanil Dark Blue 4.2 6.0 3 RT liquid (anionic disperse dye) Luprintan HDF (non-ionic fixation 1.5 1.5 accelerator based on fatty acid derivative) Monosodium or orthophosphate 0.2 0.2 Silcolapse 5006 0.1 0.1 Prisulon SPE-K -- 3.75 Thickener 3.6 -- Water 90.4 88.45 100 100 ______________________________________
TABLE 9-1 ______________________________________ Viscosity vs. Water Hardness RVT Brookfield Visc., cP, 20° C., 18 hr Algin 50 ppm 350 ppm Sample Conc.sup.N (%) CaCO.sub.3 Hardness CaCO.sub.3 Hardness ______________________________________ 1 1.71 42,800 24,400 2 1.81 42,600 27,400 3 1.75 38,500 70,300 4 2.0 87,000 76,000 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Wt. % ______________________________________ Sodium alginate (Manugel ®GMB) 5.0 Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 0.5 Water (DI) 249 Guar/CaSo.sub.4 Blend 12.5 Chopped meat 250 ______________________________________
______________________________________ Setting time (min.) Gel Strength (gms)* ______________________________________ 5 111 10 214 20 398 30 538 40 697 60 932 ______________________________________ *Stevens LFRA Texture Analyser, 1" (2.54 cm) plunger, 4 mm penetration.
______________________________________ Wt. (%) ______________________________________ Lacticol ®F 336 (dairy grade 2.5 sodium alginate blend) Guar/CaSO.sub.4 blend 1.0 Paselli BC, pre-gelatinized 20 potato starch Full cream milk powder 30 Caster sugar 50 Deionized water 250 ______________________________________
TABLE 12-1 ______________________________________ Viscosity vs. Water Hardness Algin Hydro./ Thickener Conc Salt Viscosity* (cP) (1 hr/18 hr) Conc (%) (%) Blend 50 ppm CaCO.sub.3 350 ppm CaCO.sub.3 ______________________________________ 5.78 2.0 14.3:85.7 37,400/75,700 30,300/67,600 5.78 2.0 85.7:14.3 63,400/66,800 115,800/105,400 ______________________________________ *RVT Brookfield viscometer, 20° C.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB08421957A GB2163766B (en) | 1984-08-30 | 1984-08-30 | Printing paste thickener compositions |
GB8421957 | 1984-08-30 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07042067 Continuation | 1987-04-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US4693728A true US4693728A (en) | 1987-09-15 |
Family
ID=10566044
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/770,114 Expired - Lifetime US4693728A (en) | 1984-08-30 | 1985-08-27 | Hydrocolloid blend for controlled release of calcium ions |
US07/205,415 Expired - Lifetime US4859208A (en) | 1984-08-30 | 1988-06-10 | Calcium control system: hydrocolloid and alginate for dye printing |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/205,415 Expired - Lifetime US4859208A (en) | 1984-08-30 | 1988-06-10 | Calcium control system: hydrocolloid and alginate for dye printing |
Country Status (21)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US4693728A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0173555B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JPH0660265B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR930008213B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE73472T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU579661B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1239491A (en) |
CS (1) | CS276715B6 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3585577D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK167243B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES8700292A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2163766B (en) |
GR (1) | GR852067B (en) |
HU (1) | HU201781B (en) |
IE (1) | IE58656B1 (en) |
IN (1) | IN165879B (en) |
NO (1) | NO173020C (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ213150A (en) |
PT (1) | PT81038B (en) |
YU (1) | YU45267B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA856538B (en) |
Cited By (16)
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US4786288A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1988-11-22 | Toray Industries Incorporated | Fabric treating method to give sharp colored patterns |
US4826504A (en) * | 1983-10-17 | 1989-05-02 | Kelco/Ail International Limited | Calcium/sodium aliginate dye printing paste |
US4859208A (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1989-08-22 | Kelco International Limited | Calcium control system: hydrocolloid and alginate for dye printing |
US5079348A (en) * | 1989-05-24 | 1992-01-07 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Film-forming size composition |
US5153317A (en) * | 1989-05-24 | 1992-10-06 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Composition and method for rheology controlled printing of fabric and carpet |
US5389393A (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 1995-02-14 | Kraft General Foods, Inc. | Quick-setting dessert gel mix |
GB2312824A (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 1997-11-12 | Kraft Foods Inc | Quick-setting gel mix |
US5830240A (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 1998-11-03 | Solutia Inc. | Fibers and textile materials having enhanced dyeability and finish compositions used thereon |
US5944852A (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 1999-08-31 | Solutia Inc. | Dyeing process |
US5997937A (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 1999-12-07 | Kraft Foods, Inc. | Quick-setting gel mix |
US6280782B1 (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2001-08-28 | The Pillsbury Company | Non-emulsion based, moisture containing fillings for dough products |
US20040234598A1 (en) * | 1993-09-09 | 2004-11-25 | Penwest Pharmaceuticals Co. | Sustained release heterodisperse hydrogel systems for insoluble drugs |
US7070722B1 (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2006-07-04 | Giltech Limited | Foamable formulation and foam |
US20070275862A1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-29 | Mohand Melbouci | Oxidized guar for oilfield servicing fluids |
US20110151097A1 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-23 | Fmc Corporation | Water-Dispersible Compositions for Food Applications |
CN112969373A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2021-06-15 | 尼科创业贸易有限公司 | Aerosol-generating substrate |
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US4842919A (en) * | 1987-02-03 | 1989-06-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Pad forming method |
US4868000A (en) * | 1988-08-31 | 1989-09-19 | Nestec S.A. | Mousse product |
US5112445A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1992-05-12 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Gellan gum sizing |
US5098635A (en) * | 1989-11-09 | 1992-03-24 | Copolymer Rubber & Chemical Corporation | Process for manufacturing friable rubber bales |
GB8926904D0 (en) * | 1989-11-28 | 1990-01-17 | Unilever Plc | Thickening system |
US5102446A (en) * | 1990-02-01 | 1992-04-07 | Aqualon Company | No-till liquid herbicide and fertilizer suspension |
US5055111A (en) * | 1990-03-19 | 1991-10-08 | Aqualon Company | Oxidized polygalactomannan for improved textile washing of pad-dyed carpet |
US5294455A (en) * | 1991-04-08 | 1994-03-15 | Petrella Limited | Food product |
JP4857421B2 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2012-01-18 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Biodegradable resin composition |
EP1947959B1 (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2017-09-20 | Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. | Process for preparing a food composition |
WO2013055360A1 (en) | 2011-10-14 | 2013-04-18 | Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. | Process for preparing a food composition |
CN103924456B (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2016-04-06 | 苏州润弘贸易有限公司 | A kind of production technology of reactive printing thickener |
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- 1984-08-30 GB GB08421957A patent/GB2163766B/en not_active Expired
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1985
- 1985-08-15 YU YU1302/85A patent/YU45267B/en unknown
- 1985-08-20 NZ NZ213150A patent/NZ213150A/en unknown
- 1985-08-22 CA CA000489231A patent/CA1239491A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-08-26 CS CS856105A patent/CS276715B6/en unknown
- 1985-08-27 EP EP85306076A patent/EP0173555B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-08-27 DE DE8585306076T patent/DE3585577D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-08-27 GR GR852067A patent/GR852067B/el unknown
- 1985-08-27 AT AT85306076T patent/ATE73472T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-08-27 US US06/770,114 patent/US4693728A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-08-27 IE IE210585A patent/IE58656B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-08-28 ES ES546491A patent/ES8700292A1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-08-28 IN IN668/MAS/85A patent/IN165879B/en unknown
- 1985-08-28 PT PT81038A patent/PT81038B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-08-28 ZA ZA856538A patent/ZA856538B/en unknown
- 1985-08-29 HU HU853285A patent/HU201781B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-08-29 NO NO853402A patent/NO173020C/en unknown
- 1985-08-29 KR KR1019850006263A patent/KR930008213B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-08-29 AU AU46877/85A patent/AU579661B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-08-29 DK DK392185A patent/DK167243B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-08-30 JP JP60191805A patent/JPH0660265B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4786288A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1988-11-22 | Toray Industries Incorporated | Fabric treating method to give sharp colored patterns |
US4826504A (en) * | 1983-10-17 | 1989-05-02 | Kelco/Ail International Limited | Calcium/sodium aliginate dye printing paste |
US4859208A (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1989-08-22 | Kelco International Limited | Calcium control system: hydrocolloid and alginate for dye printing |
US5079348A (en) * | 1989-05-24 | 1992-01-07 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Film-forming size composition |
US5153317A (en) * | 1989-05-24 | 1992-10-06 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Composition and method for rheology controlled printing of fabric and carpet |
US5389393A (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 1995-02-14 | Kraft General Foods, Inc. | Quick-setting dessert gel mix |
US20060105035A1 (en) * | 1993-09-09 | 2006-05-18 | Penwest Pharmaceuticals Co. | Sustained release heterodisperse hydrogel systems for insoluble drugs |
US20040234598A1 (en) * | 1993-09-09 | 2004-11-25 | Penwest Pharmaceuticals Co. | Sustained release heterodisperse hydrogel systems for insoluble drugs |
GB2312824B (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 2000-05-17 | Kraft Foods Inc | Quick-setting gel mix |
US5997937A (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 1999-12-07 | Kraft Foods, Inc. | Quick-setting gel mix |
US6565901B1 (en) | 1996-05-06 | 2003-05-20 | Kraft Foods, Inc. | Quick-setting gel mix |
GB2312824A (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 1997-11-12 | Kraft Foods Inc | Quick-setting gel mix |
US5944852A (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 1999-08-31 | Solutia Inc. | Dyeing process |
US5830240A (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 1998-11-03 | Solutia Inc. | Fibers and textile materials having enhanced dyeability and finish compositions used thereon |
US7070722B1 (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2006-07-04 | Giltech Limited | Foamable formulation and foam |
US6280782B1 (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2001-08-28 | The Pillsbury Company | Non-emulsion based, moisture containing fillings for dough products |
US20070275862A1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-29 | Mohand Melbouci | Oxidized guar for oilfield servicing fluids |
US7851416B2 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2010-12-14 | Hercules Incorporated | Oxidized guar for oilfield servicing fluids |
US20110151097A1 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-23 | Fmc Corporation | Water-Dispersible Compositions for Food Applications |
US10694765B2 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2020-06-30 | DuPont Nutrition USA, Inc. | Water-dispersible compositions for food applications |
CN112969373A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2021-06-15 | 尼科创业贸易有限公司 | Aerosol-generating substrate |
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