US3922872A - Iron titanium manganase alloy hydrogen storage - Google Patents

Iron titanium manganase alloy hydrogen storage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3922872A
US3922872A US547073A US54707375A US3922872A US 3922872 A US3922872 A US 3922872A US 547073 A US547073 A US 547073A US 54707375 A US54707375 A US 54707375A US 3922872 A US3922872 A US 3922872A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
alloy
hydrogen
pressure
manganase
hydrogen storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US547073A
Inventor
James J Reilly
Jr Richard H Wiswall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Department of Energy
Energy Research and Development Administration ERDA
Original Assignee
US Department of Energy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Department of Energy filed Critical US Department of Energy
Priority to US547073A priority Critical patent/US3922872A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3922872A publication Critical patent/US3922872A/en
Priority to US05/849,569 priority patent/USRE30083E/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
    • F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/383—Hydrogen absorbing alloys
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
    • Y10S148/153—Solar cells-implantations-laser beam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S420/00—Alloys or metallic compositions
    • Y10S420/90—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A three component alloy capable of reversible sorption of hydrogen having the chemical formula TiFe, Mn, where x is in the range of about 0.02 to 0.5 and the method of storing hydrogen using said alloy.
  • Hydrogen is a potential fuel for various types of power sources, such as fuel cells, internal combustion 1O engines, gas turbines, etc. It has two great advantages over fossil fuels, it is essentially nonpolluting and it can be produced using several all but inexhaustible energy sources, i.e., solar, nuclear and geothermal. However, a major problem is the difficulty encountered in its storage and bulk transport. Conventional storage methods, i.e., compression and liquefaction, do not appear to be practical in this context.
  • a three component alloy capable of reversible sorption of hydrogen having the chemical formula TiFe Mn where x is in the range of about 0.02 to 0.5.
  • a method of storing hydrogen comprising contacting gaseous hydrogen with a solid alloy of TiFe Mn, where x is in the range of about 0.02 to 0.5.
  • Another purpose is to provide an improved method for the storage of hydrogen.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show curves illustrating the H storage characteristics of alloys incorporating the principles of this invention and comparing them with similar alloys not incorporating this invention.
  • An alloy in accordance with this invention may be prepared by melting granules or small ingots of Fe, Ti, and Mn in an are or induction furnace within an inert atmosphere followed by cooling.
  • the cooled alloy in order to be utilized for the storage of hydrogen is comminuted or granulated and then activated by outgassing at high temperature (300 C) and exposing to H for a short time followed by outgassing again and cooling under hydrogen with about 1 atmosphere pressure.
  • the activated alloy is exposed to H at a pressure usually 10 atmospheres above dissociation pressure at that temperature, due to hysteresis type effects.
  • the hydriding pressure should for best results be at least twice the dissociation pressure because of the already mentioned hysteresis effect.
  • Curves C in FIG. 2 shows isotherms for a FeTi alloy at 55 and C'while curve D shows the isotherm at 61 C for the composition TiFe Mn Not only does alloy D have a lower dissociation pressure but in addition H storage capacity was increased by about 10 percent by weight. This is shown by the upper limits of the curve.
  • a three component alloy capable of reversible sorption of hydrogen having the chemical formula TiFe Mn, where x is in the range of about 0.02 to 0.5.
  • the method of storing hydrogen comprising contacting a solid alloy of TiFe Mn, where x is in the range of about 0.02 to 0.5 with gaseous H at a pressure above the dissociation pressure of the hydride.

Abstract

A three component alloy capable of reversible sorption of hydrogen having the chemical formula TiFe1 x Mnx where x is in the range of about 0.02 to 0.5 and the method of storing hydrogen using said alloy.

Description

United States Patent Reilly et al.
Dec. 2, 1975 IRON TITANIUM MANGANASE ALLOY HYDROGEN STORAGE Inventors: James J. Reilly, Bellport; Richard H.
Wiswall, ,Ir., Brookhaven, both of N.Y.
Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Energy Research and Development Administration, Washington, DC.
Filed: Feb. 4, 1975 Appl. No.: 547,073
US. Cl. 62/48; 75/134 F; 75/l75.5;
252/471; 423/248 Int. Cl. F17C 11/00 Field of Search 62/48; 75/1755, 134 F;
Primary Examirter-Will1am F. ODea Assistant ExaminerRonald C. Capossela Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Dean E. Carlson; Leonard Belkin [57] ABSTRACT A three component alloy capable of reversible sorption of hydrogen having the chemical formula TiFe, Mn, where x is in the range of about 0.02 to 0.5 and the method of storing hydrogen using said alloy.
4 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures lllllll lllllll N I e 3 Lu 10: I D (D m uJ Q: CL
z Q 6 1.0: o I m 2 Q OJ 1 l l l ATOM RATIO, H/M
IRON TITANIUM MANGANASE ALLOY HYDROGEN STORAGE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention described herein was made in the course of, or under a contract with the US Atomic Energy Commission.
Hydrogen is a potential fuel for various types of power sources, such as fuel cells, internal combustion 1O engines, gas turbines, etc. It has two great advantages over fossil fuels, it is essentially nonpolluting and it can be produced using several all but inexhaustible energy sources, i.e., solar, nuclear and geothermal. However, a major problem is the difficulty encountered in its storage and bulk transport. Conventional storage methods, i.e., compression and liquefaction, do not appear to be practical in this context.
A possible solution to the problem lies in the use of a metal hydride as a hydrogen storage medium. Several hydrides are of interest but the material most near to practical application is iron titanium hydride, which can be synthesized through the direct union of hydrogen with the intermetallic compound, FeTi.
Our US. Pat. Nos. 3,508,414 and 3,516,263 disclose methods and apparatus for utilizing iron-titanium alloys to store hydrogen by the formation of hydrides.
One difficulty which has been discovered in the use of iron-titanium alloys for hydrogen storage is the effect of the presence of oxygen in the alloys in small amounts. For example, it has been discovered that the presence of oxygen in the amount of 7000 ppm in commercially available iron-titanium reduced substantially the maximum hydrogen that could be stored and the equilibrium dissociation pressure was increased. This had the effect of increasing the costs involved in storing hydrogen by the use of these alloys.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has been discovered that the addition of manga nese to the intermetallic alloy FeTi in certain specific amounts not only increases the amount of H which can be stored and at a lower pressure but also has the effect of compensating to a significant extent for the presence of oxygen, permitting significant increases in the amounts of hydrogen which can be stored under more convenient and economical pressures.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of this invention there is provided a three component alloy capable of reversible sorption of hydrogen having the chemical formula TiFe Mn where x is in the range of about 0.02 to 0.5.
There is also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of this invention, a method of storing hydrogen comprising contacting gaseous hydrogen with a solid alloy of TiFe Mn, where x is in the range of about 0.02 to 0.5.
It is thus a principal object of this invention to provide an improved alloy for the chemical storage of hydrogen.
Another purpose is to provide an improved method for the storage of hydrogen.
Other objects and advantages of this invention will hereinafter become obvious from the following description of preferred embodiments of this invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGS. 1 and 2 show curves illustrating the H storage characteristics of alloys incorporating the principles of this invention and comparing them with similar alloys not incorporating this invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE BACKGROUND EMBODIMENTS An alloy in accordance with this invention may be prepared by melting granules or small ingots of Fe, Ti, and Mn in an are or induction furnace within an inert atmosphere followed by cooling.
The cooled alloy, in order to be utilized for the storage of hydrogen is comminuted or granulated and then activated by outgassing at high temperature (300 C) and exposing to H for a short time followed by outgassing again and cooling under hydrogen with about 1 atmosphere pressure.
In order to form the hydride the activated alloy is exposed to H at a pressure usually 10 atmospheres above dissociation pressure at that temperature, due to hysteresis type effects. The hydriding pressure should for best results be at least twice the dissociation pressure because of the already mentioned hysteresis effect.
EXAMPLES An alloy was prepared with the composition (A) of FeTi and the dissociation pressure-composition isotherms for this alloy are shown in FIG. 1. The H dissociation pressure of this alloy can be seen from the curve at 40 C to be at least 7.2 atmospheres and reaches 25 atmospheres at the maximum H concentration. A similar alloy (B) was prepared in which some of the iron was displaced by Mn and had the formula TiFe Mn The dissociation pressures for this alloy at the same temperature, as shown in FIG. 1, range from 0.42 to 9 atmospheres for the same amount of stored H as in alloy (A). In the drawing, the atom ratio, H/M is defined as the ratio of atoms of hydrogen to total atoms of metal.
It was found that for other temperature conditions the presence of Mn displacing some of the iron additionally made it possible to increase the amount of H which could be stored as well as reducing the dissociation pressure. Curves C in FIG. 2 shows isotherms for a FeTi alloy at 55 and C'while curve D shows the isotherm at 61 C for the composition TiFe Mn Not only does alloy D have a lower dissociation pressure but in addition H storage capacity was increased by about 10 percent by weight. This is shown by the upper limits of the curve.
What is claimed is:
1. A three component alloy capable of reversible sorption of hydrogen having the chemical formula TiFe Mn, where x is in the range of about 0.02 to 0.5.
2. The method of storing hydrogen comprising contacting a solid alloy of TiFe Mn, where x is in the range of about 0.02 to 0.5 with gaseous H at a pressure above the dissociation pressure of the hydride.
3. The method of claim 2 in which the pressure of H during contacting is at least twice the dissociation pressure of the hydride for the temperature during contactmg.
4. The method of claim 3 in which the pressure of H during contacting is about ten times the dissociation pressure of the hydride for the temperature during contacting.

Claims (4)

1. A three component alloy capable of reversible sorption of hydrogen having the chemical formula TiFe1 xMnx where x is in the range of about 0.02 to 0.5.
2. THE METHOD OF STORING HYDROGEN COMPRISING CONTACTING A SOLID ALLOY OF TIFE1-XMNX WHERE X IS IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 0.02 TO 0.5 WITH GASEOUS H2 AT A PRESSURE ABOVE THE DISSOCIATION PRESSURE OF THE HYDRIDE.
3. The method of claim 2 in which the pressure of H2 during contacting is at least twice the dissociation pressure of the hydride for the temperature during contacting.
4. The method of claim 3 in which the pressure of H2 during contacting is about ten times the dissociation pressure of the hydride for the temperature during contacting.
US547073A 1975-02-04 1975-02-04 Iron titanium manganase alloy hydrogen storage Expired - Lifetime US3922872A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US547073A US3922872A (en) 1975-02-04 1975-02-04 Iron titanium manganase alloy hydrogen storage
US05/849,569 USRE30083E (en) 1975-02-04 1977-11-08 Iron titanium manganase alloy hydrogen storage

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US547073A US3922872A (en) 1975-02-04 1975-02-04 Iron titanium manganase alloy hydrogen storage

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/849,569 Reissue USRE30083E (en) 1975-02-04 1977-11-08 Iron titanium manganase alloy hydrogen storage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3922872A true US3922872A (en) 1975-12-02

Family

ID=24183245

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US547073A Expired - Lifetime US3922872A (en) 1975-02-04 1975-02-04 Iron titanium manganase alloy hydrogen storage

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3922872A (en)

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2331623A1 (en) * 1975-11-11 1977-06-10 Philips Nv MATERIAL CONTAINING TITANIUM AND IRON USED FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE, METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTATION
US4079523A (en) * 1976-11-08 1978-03-21 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Iron-titanium-mischmetal alloys for hydrogen storage
US4111689A (en) * 1976-02-09 1978-09-05 Franklin Baumgartner Method of storing hydrogen
US4133426A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-01-09 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Hydride container
US4134490A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-01-16 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Gas storage containment
US4134491A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-01-16 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Hydride storage containment
US4135621A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-01-23 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Hydrogen storage module
US4153484A (en) * 1976-01-20 1979-05-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Hydrogen storage material
US4154364A (en) * 1975-12-30 1979-05-15 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Thermally insulating containers for liquefied gases
US4160014A (en) * 1977-05-10 1979-07-03 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Hydrogen storage material
US4163666A (en) * 1978-01-31 1979-08-07 Dan Davidov Hydrogen charged alloys of Zr(A1-x Bx)2 and method of hydrogen storage
US4178987A (en) * 1978-07-12 1979-12-18 Standard Oil Company, A Corporation Of Indiana Moving bed hydride/dehydride systems
US4183369A (en) * 1977-11-04 1980-01-15 Thomas Robert E Method of transmitting hydrogen
US4195989A (en) * 1977-10-28 1980-04-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Hydrogen storage material
US4196525A (en) * 1976-08-13 1980-04-08 Johnson, Matthey & Co., Limited Storage of gas
EP0009646A1 (en) * 1978-09-15 1980-04-16 Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh Granulate from a FeTiMn alloy for the storage of hydrogen and/or deuterium in pressure vessels and apparatus for the storage thereof
US4200624A (en) * 1977-10-27 1980-04-29 Compagnie Francaise De Raffinage Combined hydrogen storage and production process
US4200623A (en) * 1977-10-27 1980-04-29 Compagnie Francaise De Raffinage Process for the preparation of a hydrogen reserve
EP0011602A1 (en) * 1978-11-14 1980-05-28 Battelle Memorial Institute Alloy based on titanium and iron for the storage of hydrogen
US4214699A (en) * 1977-04-09 1980-07-29 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Parking heater and method using hydrides in motor vehicles powered by hydrogen
US4215008A (en) * 1975-05-26 1980-07-29 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co. Ltd. Rare earth-containing alloys and method for purification of hydrogen gas therewith
US4262739A (en) * 1977-03-01 1981-04-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy System for thermal energy storage, space heating and cooling and power conversion
US4305725A (en) * 1980-10-20 1981-12-15 Rca Corporation Method of and apparatus for outgassing raw material used to grow crystals
WO1982002214A1 (en) * 1980-12-29 1982-07-08 Patents Inc University Alloys for hydrogen storage
US4350673A (en) * 1976-06-10 1982-09-21 Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Limited Method of storing hydrogen
US4360445A (en) * 1981-06-16 1982-11-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Oxygen stabilized zirconium-vanadium-iron alloy
US4370163A (en) * 1979-09-07 1983-01-25 Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Limited Hydrogen storage alloy and process for making same
US4440736A (en) * 1982-09-20 1984-04-03 Allied Corporation Titanium-based body-centered cubic phase alloy compositions and room temperature hydride-forming reactions of same
US4444727A (en) * 1979-12-18 1984-04-24 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd. Hydrogen gas purification apparatus
US4546093A (en) * 1984-07-05 1985-10-08 China Petrochemical Development Corp. Preparation of catalyst system for the synthesis of 2-6-xylenol
US6068683A (en) * 1993-05-20 2000-05-30 The Regents Of The University Of California Apparatus for separating and collecting hydrogen gas
US6274532B1 (en) * 1996-07-26 2001-08-14 Krupp Vdm Gmbh Method of making a completely-metallic oxidation catalyst
US6378601B1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2002-04-30 Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. Hydrogen cooled hydrogen storage unit having a high packing density of storage alloy and encapsulation
US6591616B2 (en) * 1999-11-06 2003-07-15 Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. Hydrogen infrastructure, a combined bulk hydrogen storage/single stage metal hydride hydrogen compressor therefor and alloys for use therein

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2798806A (en) * 1952-08-19 1957-07-09 Rem Cru Titanium Inc Titanium alloy
US3508414A (en) * 1968-03-05 1970-04-28 Atomic Energy Commission Method of storing hydrogen
US3516263A (en) * 1969-03-25 1970-06-23 Atomic Energy Commission Method of storing hydrogen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2798806A (en) * 1952-08-19 1957-07-09 Rem Cru Titanium Inc Titanium alloy
US3508414A (en) * 1968-03-05 1970-04-28 Atomic Energy Commission Method of storing hydrogen
US3516263A (en) * 1969-03-25 1970-06-23 Atomic Energy Commission Method of storing hydrogen

Cited By (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4215008A (en) * 1975-05-26 1980-07-29 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co. Ltd. Rare earth-containing alloys and method for purification of hydrogen gas therewith
US4283226A (en) * 1975-11-11 1981-08-11 U.S. Philips Corporation Method of preparing titanium iron-containing material for hydrogen storage
FR2331623A1 (en) * 1975-11-11 1977-06-10 Philips Nv MATERIAL CONTAINING TITANIUM AND IRON USED FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE, METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTATION
US4154364A (en) * 1975-12-30 1979-05-15 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Thermally insulating containers for liquefied gases
US4153484A (en) * 1976-01-20 1979-05-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Hydrogen storage material
US4111689A (en) * 1976-02-09 1978-09-05 Franklin Baumgartner Method of storing hydrogen
US4350673A (en) * 1976-06-10 1982-09-21 Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Limited Method of storing hydrogen
US4196525A (en) * 1976-08-13 1980-04-08 Johnson, Matthey & Co., Limited Storage of gas
FR2370101A1 (en) * 1976-11-08 1978-06-02 Inco Europ Ltd IRON-TITANIUM-MISCHMETAL ALLOYS FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE
US4079523A (en) * 1976-11-08 1978-03-21 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Iron-titanium-mischmetal alloys for hydrogen storage
US4262739A (en) * 1977-03-01 1981-04-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy System for thermal energy storage, space heating and cooling and power conversion
US4214699A (en) * 1977-04-09 1980-07-29 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Parking heater and method using hydrides in motor vehicles powered by hydrogen
US4160014A (en) * 1977-05-10 1979-07-03 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Hydrogen storage material
US4200623A (en) * 1977-10-27 1980-04-29 Compagnie Francaise De Raffinage Process for the preparation of a hydrogen reserve
US4200624A (en) * 1977-10-27 1980-04-29 Compagnie Francaise De Raffinage Combined hydrogen storage and production process
US4195989A (en) * 1977-10-28 1980-04-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Hydrogen storage material
US4183369A (en) * 1977-11-04 1980-01-15 Thomas Robert E Method of transmitting hydrogen
US4163666A (en) * 1978-01-31 1979-08-07 Dan Davidov Hydrogen charged alloys of Zr(A1-x Bx)2 and method of hydrogen storage
US4134490A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-01-16 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Gas storage containment
US4133426A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-01-09 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Hydride container
US4135621A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-01-23 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Hydrogen storage module
US4134491A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-01-16 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Hydride storage containment
US4178987A (en) * 1978-07-12 1979-12-18 Standard Oil Company, A Corporation Of Indiana Moving bed hydride/dehydride systems
US4311232A (en) * 1978-09-15 1982-01-19 Kernforschungsanlage Julich Gmbh FeTiMn Alloy granulate in a pressure container for storage of hydrogen and deuterium
EP0009646A1 (en) * 1978-09-15 1980-04-16 Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh Granulate from a FeTiMn alloy for the storage of hydrogen and/or deuterium in pressure vessels and apparatus for the storage thereof
EP0011602A1 (en) * 1978-11-14 1980-05-28 Battelle Memorial Institute Alloy based on titanium and iron for the storage of hydrogen
US4278466A (en) * 1978-11-14 1981-07-14 Battelle Memorial Institute Titanium alloy composition and method for the storage of hydrogen
US4370163A (en) * 1979-09-07 1983-01-25 Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Limited Hydrogen storage alloy and process for making same
US4444727A (en) * 1979-12-18 1984-04-24 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd. Hydrogen gas purification apparatus
US4305725A (en) * 1980-10-20 1981-12-15 Rca Corporation Method of and apparatus for outgassing raw material used to grow crystals
WO1982002214A1 (en) * 1980-12-29 1982-07-08 Patents Inc University Alloys for hydrogen storage
US4358316A (en) * 1980-12-29 1982-11-09 University Patents, Inc. Alloys for hydrogen storage
US4360445A (en) * 1981-06-16 1982-11-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Oxygen stabilized zirconium-vanadium-iron alloy
US4440736A (en) * 1982-09-20 1984-04-03 Allied Corporation Titanium-based body-centered cubic phase alloy compositions and room temperature hydride-forming reactions of same
US4546093A (en) * 1984-07-05 1985-10-08 China Petrochemical Development Corp. Preparation of catalyst system for the synthesis of 2-6-xylenol
US6068683A (en) * 1993-05-20 2000-05-30 The Regents Of The University Of California Apparatus for separating and collecting hydrogen gas
US6274532B1 (en) * 1996-07-26 2001-08-14 Krupp Vdm Gmbh Method of making a completely-metallic oxidation catalyst
US6591616B2 (en) * 1999-11-06 2003-07-15 Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. Hydrogen infrastructure, a combined bulk hydrogen storage/single stage metal hydride hydrogen compressor therefor and alloys for use therein
US6378601B1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2002-04-30 Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. Hydrogen cooled hydrogen storage unit having a high packing density of storage alloy and encapsulation

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3922872A (en) Iron titanium manganase alloy hydrogen storage
Wiswall Hydrogen storage in metals
Liu et al. Review of hydrogen storage in AB3 alloys targeting stationary fuel cell applications
US4161402A (en) Nickel-mischmetal-calcium alloys for hydrogen storage
Sinha et al. Hydrogenation characteristics of Zr1− xTixMnFe alloys
Osumi et al. Development of mischmetal-nickel and titanium-cobalt hydrides for hydrogen storage
USRE30083E (en) Iron titanium manganase alloy hydrogen storage
CA1088913A (en) Method for storing hydrogen in nickel-calcium
US4358316A (en) Alloys for hydrogen storage
Dabaki et al. Structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of AB5 hydrogen storage alloy by mechanical alloying
Sandrock State-of-the-art review of hydrogen storage in reversible metal hydrides for military fuel cell applications
Osumi et al. Hydrogen absorption-desorption characteristics of misch metal-nickel-silicon alloys
JP4716304B2 (en) Hydrogen storage alloy storage and release method, hydrogen storage alloy and fuel cell using the method
Ivey et al. Metal hydrides for energy storage
Sinha et al. Hydrogen absorption by zirconium-manganese-iron (ZrMn2Fex)
Mungole et al. Hysteresis in MmNi5 systems with aluminium, manganese and tin substitutions
CA1077457A (en) Alloy for hydrogen storage
US4446121A (en) Material for hydrogen absorption and desorption
CA2373553A1 (en) Ca, mg and ni containing alloys, method for preparing the same and use thereof for gas phase hydrogen storage
JPS626739B2 (en)
US4349527A (en) Iron-titanium-niobium alloy
JPS5946881B2 (en) Novel hydrogen absorbent
Hsu et al. Hydrogenation of multicomponent Zr-base C15 type alloys
CA1177624A (en) Hydrogen storage
Sinha et al. Hydrogen storage in some ternary and quaternary zirconium-based alloys with the C14 structure