US3913290A - Fire insulation edge reinforcements for structural members - Google Patents
Fire insulation edge reinforcements for structural members Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3913290A US3913290A US47884474A US3913290A US 3913290 A US3913290 A US 3913290A US 47884474 A US47884474 A US 47884474A US 3913290 A US3913290 A US 3913290A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- edge
- flange
- insulation
- mesh
- structural member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
- E04B1/943—Building elements specially adapted therefor elongated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
- Y10S428/921—Fire or flameproofing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
- Y10T428/24999—Inorganic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
- Y10T442/102—Woven scrim
- Y10T442/109—Metal or metal-coated fiber-containing scrim
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2631—Coating or impregnation provides heat or fire protection
- Y10T442/2648—Coating or impregnation is specified as an intumescent material
Definitions
- This invention provides an insulated reinforcement for use on structural members.
- the reinforcement is supported on the structural member and the fireproofing material placed thereabout so as to protect and insulate the surface and respective edges of the members from damage due to heat during unplanned fires.
- the reinforcement secures an insulation strip against the end of the structural flange. Fireproofing material is applied over the mesh and insulation strip in a thickness sufficient to protect the flanges and webs of the structural member.
- the edge reinforcement 20 is constructed of a meshlike member such as wire mesh 18.
- the wire mesh 18 is formed in a press brake or similar machine to the shape required for the member to be protected. Welded wire mesh is preferred and may either be with or without galvanizing.
- the mesh size may be any suitable opening from one-fourth inch to 1 inch or greater.
- the wire diameter should be small enough to reduce cost and permit easy forming, but large enough to hold the formed shape firmly.
- One edge reinforcement having excellent fireproofing capabilities was constructed of one-half inch mesh and 19 gauge wire.
- the formed wire 18A with the insulation22A in place is placed edge first into a mold (not shown) containing the casting material.
- the edge reinforcement A is left in the mold until hardening of the edge material 24 occurs.
- the reinforcement with the precast edge 24 is then stripped from the mold and is ready for shipping and installation.
- a metal edge 24 may be stapled or welded on the reinforcement 20A in place of the precast edge.
- the crimping tool 26 is seen to comprise a pair of forcing members or handles 28 and 30 pivotally connected together at 32.
- the handle 28 includes an outer peripheral shoulder 34 and a vertically projecting shoulder 36.
- the peripheral shoulder 34 acts against one leg of the wire mesh 18 and holds the mesh 18 against the flange 12.
- the shoulder 36 abuts against the precast edge 24 along the exterior side of the insulation strips 22.
- One end or shoulder 38 of the handle 30 engages the opposite leg of the wire mesh 18.
- any suitable fireproofing material (not shown) is applied over the reinforcement 20 in a thickness which is sufficient to protect the flanges and webs of the structural member 10. These thicknesses are in practice determined by actual fire tests (i.e., ASTM E-119). However, the edges 14-16 of the reinforced flange do not now have to be built up in thickness; they merely have to be covered with enough material to produce a neat continuous coating.
- the insulated reinforcement 20 works in the following manner. First of all, the presence of the insulation 22 inside the wire mesh 18 retards the perpendicular flow of heat into the edge of the flange 12, thus keeping it cooler for a longer period of time.
- the wire mesh 18 itself holds the fireproofing material together all around the edges 14-16 and flange 12 as the material decomposes, intumesces, etc. This is especially important since the steel primers and paints which the coatings are applied over usually lose their bonding strength at temperature levels far below that which the steel itself may be safely allowed to reach, approximately 1000F. In the presence of bonding strength failure, the fireproofing mate rial has nothing holding it onto the steel except its own structural integrity. The wire reinforcement 18 provides this integrity if needed.
- the edge reinforcement member of this invention may be formed in varying shapes depending on the desired end use. Different wire meshes may be employed, as well as different types of insulation. The insulation can be placed on the edge of the flange by any suitable means such as contact cement and the wire slipped over the insulation later. If a precast or metal edge is used, the type of material can be varies as long as it bonds well to the fireproofing material which is applied over it. The actual shape of the wire mesh will depend on the end use.
- FIG. 9 is very similar to the FIG. 2 embodiment.
- the difference in this instance is that the wire mesh 18D is formed with surface standoff dimples 42.
- the dimples 42 will engage the flange with the majority of the wire mesh 18 being supported away from the surface of the flange. This permits better anchoring of the fireproofing material under the mesh.
- the fire insulation reinforcement of this invention is also applicable for use on large flat surfaces such as walls, large cylindrical containers and the like.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 a fragmentary view of a wall 44 is seen to be fire protected by a fire insulation reinforcement designated generally as 46.
- the fire insulation reinforcement 46 is formed in the same manner as previously described.
- the wire mesh 48 is mechanically attached to the wall by any suitable means. As an example, if the wall 44 is of steel plate, the wire mesh 48 may be secured thereto by spot welds 50. If the member will not support a weld, suitable means, such as support pins or the like, may be utilized to support the wire mesh in place.
- the fireproof coating 52 is then applied over the wire mesh 48 such that the wire mesh is in effect encased in the fireproof material 52.
- the material 52 will intumesce.
- the fireproofing material very often will lose the bonding capabilities it has with the structural member.
- fissures may occur in the material. If the wire mesh 48 was not used, sections of the fire protective material might fall off thereby exposing the structural member. However, the wire mesh 48 holds the fireproofing material 52 in place even though the material has lost its bonding effect. Similarly, if a fissure should develop, the fissure would be stopped in the wire mesh level and would not extend to the structural member.
- the fireproof reinforcements of this invention overcome the disadvantages of prior methods of fireproofing structural members.
- the fireproof reinforcement of this invention is simple in structure, easily applied to the flange portions and provides effective fireproofing when used with the fireproofing material, such as intumescent coatings and the like. Accordingly, it is seen that the objectives hereinbefore set forth have been accomplished.
- a fire insulation structure comprising:
- a mesh means around the periphery of said insulation means, said mesh means having leg portions extending beyond the insulation means, said leg portions being engageable with the flange portions of the structural member to secure said insulation means in an abutting relationship with the edge of the flange wherein a fireproof coating is applied over the entire structural member and mesh means thereby substantially reducing the amount of heat flow directed to the end and edges of the flange during fire conditions.
- said mesh means is a wire mesh wherein said wire mesh holds the fireproofing coating together all around the edge and flange as the coating decomposes.
Abstract
Fire insulation reinforcements protect structural members from exceedingly high temperatures during fires. The reinforcements are supported on the flange sections of structural members as well as flat surfaces to effectively hold the fireproofing coating in place during fires so as to better insulate the flat surfaces and outer edges from damage during fires.
Description
United States Patent [191 Billing et a1.
[ Oct. 21, 1975 1 1 FIRE INSULATION EDGE REINFORCEMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL MEMBERS [75] Inventors: Rudolph W. Billing, Littleton;
George K. Castle, Chelmsford, both of Mass.
[73] Assignee: Avco Corporation, Cincinnati, Ohio [22] Filed: June 13, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 478,844
Related US. Application Data [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 454,077, March 25,
1974, abandoned.
[52] US. Cl. 52/347; 52/454; 52/515;
52/647; 52/729 [51] Int. Cl. E04F 13/06; E04C 3/293 [58] Field of Search 52/232, 729, 515, 516,
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 670,938 4 1901 Rapp 52/344 1,860,205 5/1932 Schenker 52/647 X 1,983,994 12/1934 Raynor 52/454 1,988,081 1/1935 Kemper 52/647 2,166,798 7/1939 Cote 52/729 X 2,213,603 9/1940 Young et a1. 52/725 X 2,702,932 3/1955 Woodson 52/725 X 3,516,213 6/1970 Sauer 52/725 3,570,208 3/1971 Sei Niker et al.... 161/403 3,798,867 3/1974 Starling 52/724 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 130,856 3/1929 Switzerland 52/647 551,262 3/1923 France 52/725 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Architectural Engineering pp. 161 163 Tomasetti, New Approach to the Fire Protection of Steel, Sept, 1972.
Primary ExaminerErnest R. Purser Assistant ExaminerLeslie A. Braun Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Charles M. Hogan, Esq.; Abraham Ogman, Esq.
[57] ABSTRACT Fire insulation reinforcements protect structural members from exceedingly high temperatures during fires. The reinforcements are supported on the flange sections of structural members as well as flat surfaces to effectively hold the fireproofing coating in place during fires so as to better insulate the flat surfaces and outer edges from damage during fires.
6 Claims, 11 Drawing Figures a Patent Oct.21, 1975 Sheet10f3 3,913,290
RECORDED TEMPERATURE IN F US. Patent Oct. 21, 1975 Sheet2of3 FIG.5
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT PLAN: I I I I TING I INSULATED REINFORCED EDGE 8 (ALL FOUR) TIME- IN MINUTES g/24B RIG. 7 I
22 FIG-.8 |8C IBDW 9 i i 1" US. Patent Oct. 21, 1975 Sheet 3 of3 3,913,290
FIRE INSULATION EDGE REINFORCEMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL MEMBERS This application is a continuation-in-part of our copending US. patent application Ser. No. 454,077, filed Mar. 25, 1974, now abandoned.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates generally to fire protective coatings and more particularly to a wire mesh and fireproof coating to provide a fire insulation reinforcement for structural members.
Structural members, such as steel beams, walls, containers and the like, are often fireproofed with coatings to protect against the heat produced in an unplanned fire. Without this protection, the member would soon reach temperature levels where the accompanying loss in strength will result in the structural member failing under load. Most construction structural members have flange edges such as I beams, H beams, channels and angles. These edges are the most difficult parts of the member to protect against heating because the flow of heat from the fire comes in three directions (top, bottom, and perpendicular to the edge) instead of the two directions possible on flat planar surfaces. The flow of heat is represented in FIG. 1 by the arrows.
Some thin coatings presently used for fire protection are intumescent in nature. These coatings swell into a carbonaceous foam when heated which insulates against the fire. However, during fires these materials may lose their bonding properties and sections of the material may fall from the member thereby exposing the bare member to the fire. This type of coating poses even greater problems in providing protection to the edge member because the intumescence takes place in only one direction, i.e., perpendicular to the coated surface and thus large cracks or fissures are likely to occur in the foamed material at the edges of the steel flanges. No lateral intumescence really occurs and when the foam intumesces outward, the surface area does not change, forcing fissures to occur at the surface.
The primary method used for steel member edge protection has traditionally been to cover the edges with sufficient coating material to overcome the problem. Often during fire tests (ASTM E-l19) of such protection systems, the temperature level recorded in the edges of the test specimen was the highest, and hence controlled the length of the test.
It is very difficult to apply extra fireproofing material to the edges of structural members whether the material is cast into place (concrete) or sprayed in place (cementitious mixtures, fibers, or intumescent mastics). The reason is because of the inconvenience of the shapes involved (casting) and the difficulty of building up a localized thin strip (spraying) along the edge. Rather, the practice has been to uniformly apply more material to the entire perimeter of the structural shape to insure that the edges are protected. A disadvantage of this method is that it causes more material to be used than necessary, increases weight, and increases costs (both material and spray time).
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to pro-- vide fire insulation reinforcements which will provide reliable thermal protection to structural members, be easy to apply, and thoroughly reinforce the entire fireproofing coating both inthe virgin state and during a fire when the intumesced char layer forms.
A further object of this invention is to provide an insulated edge reinforcement which gives better thermal performance of fireproofed structural members in a fire.
A still further object of this invention is to provide insulated reinforcements which permit reduced overall coating thickness and waste through eliminating overspray from trying to build up fireproofing coating thicknesses on the edges of the flanges.
And yet another object of this invention is to provide an insulated reinforcement which increases reliability and safety through the reinforcement of the fireproofing coating thereby preventing early bonding failures of the fireproofing material in a fire.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention provides an insulated reinforcement for use on structural members. The reinforcement is supported on the structural member and the fireproofing material placed thereabout so as to protect and insulate the surface and respective edges of the members from damage due to heat during unplanned fires. The reinforcement secures an insulation strip against the end of the structural flange. Fireproofing material is applied over the mesh and insulation strip in a thickness sufficient to protect the flanges and webs of the structural member.
Other objects, details, uses and advantages of this invention will become apparent. as the following description of the exemplary embodiments thereof presented in the accompanying drawings proceeds.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS V securing an open leg insulated edge reinforcement to a DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS Reference is now made to FIG. 1 of the drawings which illustrates a typical structural member 10, such as a structural steel I-beam. It is seen that the I-beam 10 includes a plurality of flange sections 12 having end edges 14 and 16. As previously indicated, the direction of the flow of heat from a fire is indicated by the ar rows. It can be seen that the web 11 and flange 12 each have two-directional heating, i.e., perpendicular to the structural surfaces. The end or edge of the flange 12 is seen to have three-dimensional heating, the third direction being perpendicular to the edge of the flange.
The insulated edge reinforcement system 20 is shown in two basic forms in FIGS. 2 and 3. The FIG. 3 form has a precast edge of coating material or a steel edge and the FIG. 2 form does not. Both forms perform the same functions, however.
Referring now to FIG. 2, the edge reinforcement 20 is constructed of a meshlike member such as wire mesh 18. The wire mesh 18 is formed in a press brake or similar machine to the shape required for the member to be protected. Welded wire mesh is preferred and may either be with or without galvanizing. The mesh size may be any suitable opening from one-fourth inch to 1 inch or greater. The wire diameter should be small enough to reduce cost and permit easy forming, but large enough to hold the formed shape firmly. One edge reinforcement having excellent fireproofing capabilities was constructed of one-half inch mesh and 19 gauge wire.
In the precast form of FIG. 3, the formed wire 18A with the insulation22A in place is placed edge first into a mold (not shown) containing the casting material. The edge reinforcement A is left in the mold until hardening of the edge material 24 occurs. The reinforcement with the precast edge 24 is then stripped from the mold and is ready for shipping and installation. For some cases, a metal edge 24 may be stapled or welded on the reinforcement 20A in place of the precast edge.
The reinforcements 20 may be made with either open legs or closed legs during the forming operation. The legs are considered as that part of the wire mesh which extends inwardly from the flange edge to the web. If a closed leg form is used, the insulated reinforcement 20 is merely slipped over the flange by hand after slightly spreading the legs apart. It is held in place on the flange by the spring tension in the wire legs until the fireproofing coating is sprayed over the system. If the open leg form is used, the reinforcement 20 is slipped on the flange and a crimping tool 26 is used to tighten the wire against the flange surface as shown in FIG. 4.
The crimping tool 26 is seen to comprise a pair of forcing members or handles 28 and 30 pivotally connected together at 32. The handle 28 includes an outer peripheral shoulder 34 and a vertically projecting shoulder 36. The peripheral shoulder 34 acts against one leg of the wire mesh 18 and holds the mesh 18 against the flange 12. The shoulder 36 abuts against the precast edge 24 along the exterior side of the insulation strips 22. One end or shoulder 38 of the handle 30 engages the opposite leg of the wire mesh 18. Thus, when the handles 28 and 30 are pressed or forced together, force is applied through the shoulders 34 and 38 to bend the open legs of the wire mesh 18 into a clamping condition relative to the flange 12.
After the insulated reinforcement 20 is in place, any suitable fireproofing material (not shown) is applied over the reinforcement 20 in a thickness which is sufficient to protect the flanges and webs of the structural member 10. These thicknesses are in practice determined by actual fire tests (i.e., ASTM E-119). However, the edges 14-16 of the reinforced flange do not now have to be built up in thickness; they merely have to be covered with enough material to produce a neat continuous coating.
If an unplanned fire should occur, the insulated reinforcement 20 works in the following manner. First of all, the presence of the insulation 22 inside the wire mesh 18 retards the perpendicular flow of heat into the edge of the flange 12, thus keeping it cooler for a longer period of time. The wire mesh 18 itself holds the fireproofing material together all around the edges 14-16 and flange 12 as the material decomposes, intumesces, etc. This is especially important since the steel primers and paints which the coatings are applied over usually lose their bonding strength at temperature levels far below that which the steel itself may be safely allowed to reach, approximately 1000F. In the presence of bonding strength failure, the fireproofing mate rial has nothing holding it onto the steel except its own structural integrity. The wire reinforcement 18 provides this integrity if needed.
Finally, if an intumescent coating is used, there is a very high possibility of fissures and cracks forming at the edges of the flanges and uncovering bare steel. Should this happen, up to a 30 percent increase in heat flux into the flange may occur if only 1 percent of the steel surface is exposed. However, with the reinforcement member 20, instead of these fissures uncovering bare steel in this area, only the insulation 22 will be exposed and the heat transfer to the edge of the steel flange will be many times less than if the steel itself were exposed. Naturally, this permits much better fire performance of the overall coating system. Another advantage of the mesh 18 is that if fissures form on the flange surfaces, they will stop when the wire mesh 18 is reached. The material under the mesh swells beneath it and provides some protection to the steel directly below the fissure.
FIG. 5 represents a comparison of the edge temperature versus the flange center and web temperatures using the edge reinforcement of this invention. In this test, a 10WF49 beam was reinforced as hereinabove described and coated with an intumescent fire protective coating developed at'Avco Systems Division, in Lowell, Mass, and marketed under the name AVCO FM 59. The test was run in an environment in which the furnace temperature was 1950F., the radiant heat flux was 16.2 Btu/ft -sec. and the convective heat flux was l-2 Btulft -sec. Temperatures were measured in the web, flange web joint and at the edges of the top and bottom flanges and are respectively designated on the chart by triangle, square, circleand hexagon. The effectiveness of the edge reinforcement protection is demonstrated by the overall fire performance of the beam and by the fact that the beam remained fairly uniform in temperature distribution throughout the test.
same protection as the rest of the beam.
Referring now to FIGS. 6-9, it is seen that the edge reinforcement member of this invention may be formed in varying shapes depending on the desired end use. Different wire meshes may be employed, as well as different types of insulation. The insulation can be placed on the edge of the flange by any suitable means such as contact cement and the wire slipped over the insulation later. If a precast or metal edge is used, the type of material can be varies as long as it bonds well to the fireproofing material which is applied over it. The actual shape of the wire mesh will depend on the end use.
As particularly seen in FIG. 6, the wire mesh 18B is seen to be formed in a T-shape over the end of the insulation 22. FIG. 7 shows the T-shape wire mesh 18B being utilized with a precast edge or metal edge 24B. The edge 24B conforms to the T end of the wire mesh 18B and is held thereby.
FIG. 8 represents another embodiment in which the wire mesh 18C is formed with an enlarged or bulb portion 40. The purpose of the bulb is to permit firm anchoring of a maximum amount of fireproofing material under the mesh near the flange edge.
The embodiment of FIG. 9 is very similar to the FIG. 2 embodiment. The difference in this instance is that the wire mesh 18D is formed with surface standoff dimples 42. Thus, when the mesh 18D is placed over the flange, the dimples 42 will engage the flange with the majority of the wire mesh 18 being supported away from the surface of the flange. This permits better anchoring of the fireproofing material under the mesh.
The fire insulation reinforcement of this invention is also applicable for use on large flat surfaces such as walls, large cylindrical containers and the like. Referring now to FIGS. 10 and 11, a fragmentary view of a wall 44 is seen to be fire protected by a fire insulation reinforcement designated generally as 46. The fire insulation reinforcement 46 is formed in the same manner as previously described. In the case where large walls or the like are to be protected, the wire mesh 48 is mechanically attached to the wall by any suitable means. As an example, if the wall 44 is of steel plate, the wire mesh 48 may be secured thereto by spot welds 50. If the member will not support a weld, suitable means, such as support pins or the like, may be utilized to support the wire mesh in place. The fireproof coating 52 is then applied over the wire mesh 48 such that the wire mesh is in effect encased in the fireproof material 52. Hence, if a fire should occur the material 52 will intumesce. When the material intumesces, the fireproofing material very often will lose the bonding capabilities it has with the structural member. In addition, fissures may occur in the material. If the wire mesh 48 was not used, sections of the fire protective material might fall off thereby exposing the structural member. However, the wire mesh 48 holds the fireproofing material 52 in place even though the material has lost its bonding effect. Similarly, if a fissure should develop, the fissure would be stopped in the wire mesh level and would not extend to the structural member.
It is seen that the fireproof reinforcements of this invention overcome the disadvantages of prior methods of fireproofing structural members. The fireproof reinforcement of this invention is simple in structure, easily applied to the flange portions and provides effective fireproofing when used with the fireproofing material, such as intumescent coatings and the like. Accordingly, it is seen that the objectives hereinbefore set forth have been accomplished.
While present exemplary embodiments of this invention have been illustrated and described, it will be recognized that this invention may be otherwise variously embodied and practiced by those skilled in the art.
What is claimed is:
1. In combination with a structural member having flange portions terminating in an edge susceptible of receiving heat from three directions, a fire insulation structure comprising:
insulation means secured in an abutting relationship to said edge, the insulation means having thickness equal to the thickness of said edge and a depth greater than the thickness of said edge; and
a mesh means around the periphery of said insulation means, said mesh means having leg portions extending beyond the insulation means, said leg portions being engageable with the flange portions of the structural member to secure said insulation means in an abutting relationship with the edge of the flange wherein a fireproof coating is applied over the entire structural member and mesh means thereby substantially reducing the amount of heat flow directed to the end and edges of the flange during fire conditions.
2. The structure set forth in claim 1 in which said mesh means is a wire mesh wherein said wire mesh holds the fireproofing coating together all around the edge and flange as the coating decomposes.
3. The structure as set forth in claim 2 further comprising an edge member secured to the exterior of said wire mesh and insulation means so as to provide an easily fireproofable edge surface for the structural memher.
4. The structure defined in claim 2 wherein said structural member includes a flange terminating in said end and edge to which the insulation is secured.
5. The structure as set forth in claim 4 in which the leg portions of said wire mesh frictionally engage opposite surfaces of the portions flange thereby holding said insulation means in place against the flange edge.
6. In a combination with a structural member having an end terminating in an edge susceptible of receiving heat from three directions, and having a fireproof coating over its entire surface, a fire insulation structure comprising:
insulation means interposed between the fireproof coating and said edge in an abutting relationship to said edge, the insulation means having a thickness equal to the thickness of said edge, and a depth greater than the thickness of said edge, wherein said insulation reducing the amount of heat flow directed to said edge.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION PATENT NO. I 3, 913, 2.90
DATED October 21, 1975 INVEN IOR(S) Rudolph W. Billing and George K, Castle It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and'that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
Column 3, line 4, please change "three-dimensional" to three-directional",
Column 6, line 47, please change "portions flange to "flange portions.
Signed and Sealed this ninth Day of March 1976 [SEAL] A ttes t:
Claims (6)
1. In combination with a structural member having flange portions terminating in an edge susceptible of receiving heat from three directions, a fire insulation structure comprising: insulation means secured in an abutting relationship to said edge, the insulation means having thickness equal to the thickness of said edge and a depth greater than the thickness of said edge; and a mesh means around the periphery of said insulation means, said mesh means having leg portions extending beyond the insulation means, said leg portions being engageable with the flange portions of the structural member to secure said insulation means in an abutting relationship with the edge of the flange wherein a fireproof coating is applied over the entire structural member and mesh means thereby substantially reducing the amount of heat flow directed to the end and edges of the flange during fire conditions.
2. The structure set forth in claim 1 in which said mesh means is a wire mesh wherein said wire mesh holds the fireproofing coating together all around the edge and flange as the coating decomposes.
3. The structure as set forth in claim 2 further comprising an edge member secured to the exterior of said wire mesh and insulation means so as to prOvide an easily fireproofable edge surface for the structural member.
4. The structure defined in claim 2 wherein said structural member includes a flange terminating in said end and edge to which the insulation is secured.
5. The structure as set forth in claim 4 in which the leg portions of said wire mesh frictionally engage opposite surfaces of the portions flange thereby holding said insulation means in place against the flange edge.
6. In a combination with a structural member having an end terminating in an edge susceptible of receiving heat from three directions, and having a fireproof coating over its entire surface, a fire insulation structure comprising: insulation means interposed between the fireproof coating and said edge in an abutting relationship to said edge, the insulation means having a thickness equal to the thickness of said edge, and a depth greater than the thickness of said edge, wherein said insulation reducing the amount of heat flow directed to said edge.
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US05478844 US3913290A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1974-06-13 | Fire insulation edge reinforcements for structural members |
US05/544,168 US4069075A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-01-27 | Structural support for char derived from intumescent coatings |
GB1034175A GB1504735A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-03-12 | Fire protection of structural members |
NL7503292A NL7503292A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-03-19 | METHOD FOR PROTECTING CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS AGAINST FIRE AND ELEMENTS PROTECTED BY THIS. |
NO751024A NO150769C (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-03-24 | CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, AND PROCEDURE FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
CA222,863A CA1035595A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-03-24 | Fire protection of structural members |
DE19752513563 DE2513563A1 (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-03-24 | IMPROVED FIRE PROTECTION OF BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS |
JP3668375A JPS5631423B2 (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-03-25 | |
FR7509328A FR2265932B3 (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-03-25 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US45407774A | 1974-03-25 | 1974-03-25 | |
US05478844 US3913290A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1974-06-13 | Fire insulation edge reinforcements for structural members |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05/544,168 Continuation-In-Part US4069075A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-01-27 | Structural support for char derived from intumescent coatings |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3913290A true US3913290A (en) | 1975-10-21 |
Family
ID=27037333
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05478844 Expired - Lifetime US3913290A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1974-06-13 | Fire insulation edge reinforcements for structural members |
US05/544,168 Expired - Lifetime US4069075A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-01-27 | Structural support for char derived from intumescent coatings |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05/544,168 Expired - Lifetime US4069075A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-01-27 | Structural support for char derived from intumescent coatings |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US3913290A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5631423B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1035595A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2513563A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2265932B3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1504735A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7503292A (en) |
NO (1) | NO150769C (en) |
Cited By (43)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4406103A (en) * | 1978-02-28 | 1983-09-27 | Amin Ghali | Shear reinforcement for concrete flat slabs |
EP0102570A2 (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1984-03-14 | Thermal Science Inc. | Thermal protective system |
US4529467A (en) * | 1983-10-25 | 1985-07-16 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Fire protective intumescent mastic composition and method employing same |
US4669243A (en) * | 1985-11-06 | 1987-06-02 | Truswal Systems Corporation | Fire protective system and method for a support structure |
US4699822A (en) * | 1985-08-30 | 1987-10-13 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Fireproofed metal structural members and method of fabricating same |
US4729916A (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1988-03-08 | Thermal Science, Inc. | Thermal protective system |
WO1989012577A1 (en) * | 1988-06-14 | 1989-12-28 | Ab Tetra Pak | Plant for treatment, for instance heat treatment, of a liquid while it flows through a flexible tube moving in the flow direction of the liquid |
WO1992007149A1 (en) * | 1990-10-11 | 1992-04-30 | Morarp Pty. Limited | Fire rated load-bearing building construction |
US5372846A (en) * | 1993-05-05 | 1994-12-13 | Nu-Chem, Inc. | Heat blocking materials and methods |
US5402615A (en) * | 1992-11-13 | 1995-04-04 | International Copper Association, Ltd. | Fire retardant barrier system and method |
US5433991A (en) * | 1992-12-01 | 1995-07-18 | Avco Corporation | Reinforcement system for mastic intumescent fire protection coatings comprising a hybrid mesh fabric |
US5511355A (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1996-04-30 | Dingler; Gerhard | Construction element |
US5580648A (en) * | 1992-12-01 | 1996-12-03 | Avco Corporation | Reinforcement system for mastic intumescent fire protection coatings |
US5622774A (en) * | 1993-02-08 | 1997-04-22 | Thermal Science, Inc. | Reinforced thermal protective system |
US5900281A (en) * | 1996-07-08 | 1999-05-04 | Nu-Chem, Inc. | Platinum-containing thermal protective compositions |
US6082072A (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 2000-07-04 | The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Structural elements |
US6332301B1 (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2001-12-25 | Jacob Goldzak | Metal beam structure and building construction including same |
EP1207242A2 (en) | 2000-11-17 | 2002-05-22 | VSL International AG | Multi-layer, thermal protection and corrosion protection coating system for metallic tendons, especially for external post-tensioning systems |
US6561736B1 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2003-05-13 | Doleshal Donald L | Frictional coupler and stiffener for strengthening a section of piling |
US20060048997A1 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2006-03-09 | Matthew Foster | Acoustical and firewall barrier assembly |
US20060213138A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | Royal Group Technologies Limited | Fire barrier component |
US7213379B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2007-05-08 | Tac Technologies, Llc | Engineered structural members and methods for constructing same |
US20080282633A1 (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2008-11-20 | Buckholt Ricky G | Structural Insulated Header |
US20090044486A1 (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2009-02-19 | Kazuyoshi Kimura | Wooden building member |
US20090075031A1 (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2009-03-19 | Carlson Barry L | Structural member |
US7721496B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2010-05-25 | Tac Technologies, Llc | Composite decking material and methods associated with the same |
US20100148005A1 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2010-06-17 | Saab Ab | Curved beam of fiber composite material |
US7930866B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2011-04-26 | Tac Technologies, Llc | Engineered structural members and methods for constructing same |
US20110171866A1 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2011-07-14 | Paul Craig Scott | Fire Resistant Coating and Method |
US8266856B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2012-09-18 | Tac Technologies, Llc | Reinforced structural member and frame structures |
US20130160398A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-06-27 | Weihong Yang | Composite i-beam member |
US20130239512A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-09-19 | Weihong Yang | Steel and wood composite structure with metal jacket wood studs and rods |
ES2498522A1 (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2014-09-24 | José CALLEJÓN FERNÁNDEZ | System of subjection and separation of metallic mesh for the protection against the fire in metallic structures (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
US20140352243A1 (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2014-12-04 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member and method of using same |
US9540813B2 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2017-01-10 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning, double wire corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member and method of using same |
US10036192B2 (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2018-07-31 | Plastpro 2000, Inc. | Reinforced mull post assembly |
US10066392B2 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-09-04 | United States Gypsum Company | One hour fire rated wooden frame members using lightweight gypsum wallboard |
US10415237B1 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2019-09-17 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member and method of using same |
US10533318B1 (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2020-01-14 | Alfred Miller Contracting Company | Prefabricated form for fireproofing structural steel and method of use |
US10815659B1 (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2020-10-27 | Alfred Miller Contracting Company | Prefabricated form for fireproofing structural steel and method of use |
US11352780B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2022-06-07 | Thermacrete Llc | Autoclave aerated concrete structures with embedded hangers and connectors |
US11486136B2 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2022-11-01 | Intumescents Associates Group (IAG), LLC | Fire resistant coating system and method |
US11499306B2 (en) | 2019-10-03 | 2022-11-15 | Thermacrete Llc | Differential settlement anchors |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NO793292L (en) * | 1978-11-02 | 1980-05-05 | Expanded Metal Company Ltd The | HETE PROTECTION BARRIER. |
US4276332A (en) * | 1979-11-06 | 1981-06-30 | Castle George K | Fire proof cable tray enclosure |
US4433732A (en) | 1982-04-06 | 1984-02-28 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Cable tray protection system |
US4524966A (en) * | 1983-08-24 | 1985-06-25 | Game Time, Inc. | Seat for recreational swing set |
US4696864A (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1987-09-29 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of providing structural support for compositions |
GB8802090D0 (en) * | 1988-01-30 | 1988-02-24 | Tinsley Building Prod Ltd | Fire-resisting cladding |
US5285920A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1994-02-15 | Lrs, Inc. | Fire resistant tank assembly and liquid hydrocarbon dispensing |
NO174693C (en) * | 1990-05-22 | 1994-06-22 | Jacobsen Clas T | Method of applying fire protection coatings, such as mats, to structures |
WO1992009433A1 (en) * | 1990-11-23 | 1992-06-11 | Akro-Fireguard Products, Inc. | Fire resistant repair patch and method |
US5487946A (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1996-01-30 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Thermally-protective intumescent coating |
US5681640A (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-10-28 | Flame Seal Products, Inc. | Passive fire protection systems for conduit, cable trays, support rods, and structural steel |
US6105334A (en) * | 1997-09-16 | 2000-08-22 | Logic Construction Systems, L.L.C. | Fire resistant lighting enclosure |
DE19832415A1 (en) * | 1998-07-18 | 2000-01-27 | Franz Zentis Gmbh & Co Kg | Sterilization procedures |
US5989706A (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 1999-11-23 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Thermally-protective intumescent coating system and method |
US7114294B2 (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2006-10-03 | Hubbell Incorporated | Fire assembly for recessed electrical fixtures |
GB0428009D0 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2005-01-26 | W & J Leigh & Co | Intumescent coating compositions |
US20080010907A1 (en) * | 2006-05-03 | 2008-01-17 | Moench John P | Recessed ceiling fixture enclosure |
AT503031B1 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2007-07-15 | Agrana Beteiligungs Ag | Method for reducing microbial count in chocolate mass, involves lowering pressure in sterilizable container upon reaching target container heating temperature, so that overpressure remains in container |
WO2009108924A2 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-03 | Solar Roofing Systems, Inc. | Photovoltaic roofing tile with fire suppression |
WO2014160406A2 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-10-02 | Composite Cooling Solutions, L.P. | Firewall structure for use in a tower/frame structure and cooling tower |
CN105764691B (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2018-08-10 | 汉高知识产权控股有限责任公司 | Wear-resisting compound |
EP3347544B1 (en) | 2015-09-01 | 2022-06-08 | Dryvit Systems, Inc | Exterior polymer-based brick building material |
USD829933S1 (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2018-10-02 | Dryvit Systems, Inc. | Brick |
US10208485B2 (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2019-02-19 | Dryvit Systems, Inc. | Building material cladding components and methods |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US670938A (en) * | 1899-11-06 | 1901-04-02 | John W Rapp | Support for partitions. |
US1860205A (en) * | 1929-01-04 | 1932-05-24 | Electric Welding Company | Beam protector |
US1983994A (en) * | 1931-07-09 | 1934-12-11 | John S Raynor | Plaster bed |
US1988081A (en) * | 1932-11-19 | 1935-01-15 | Calvin A Kemper | Beam wrapping |
US2166798A (en) * | 1937-07-17 | 1939-07-18 | Cote Marcellin | Method of applying guards or bumpers |
US2213603A (en) * | 1938-10-14 | 1940-09-03 | Robertson Co H H | Fireproof building structure |
US2702932A (en) * | 1951-05-28 | 1955-03-01 | Gunite Concrete And Constructi | Thickness gauge assembly for cementitious coatings when applied to structural elements |
US3516213A (en) * | 1968-02-28 | 1970-06-23 | Nat Gypsum Co | Fireproofing of steel columns |
US3570208A (en) * | 1966-03-23 | 1971-03-16 | Nihon Valqua Kogyo Kk | Method of forming fireproof layers outside steel skeletons and beams |
US3798867A (en) * | 1972-03-02 | 1974-03-26 | B Starling | Structural method and apparatus |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2836529A (en) * | 1954-05-03 | 1958-05-27 | Hugh Adam Kirk | Reinforced plastic |
US2933917A (en) * | 1955-01-07 | 1960-04-26 | Bigelow Liptak Corp | Tank fireproofing |
US3320087A (en) * | 1962-11-06 | 1967-05-16 | Evans Prod Co | Method of protecting surface from fire |
GB1084503A (en) * | 1964-06-11 | 1967-09-27 | British Aircraft Corp Ltd | Improvements in fire-resistant panels and fireproof containers made therefrom |
US3364097A (en) * | 1964-07-03 | 1968-01-16 | Weyerhaeuser Co | Fire-resistant panel systems |
DE1658806B1 (en) * | 1968-02-22 | 1971-10-14 | Basf Ag | Fire-resistant composite panel for the building industry and component with several such panels |
US3591437A (en) * | 1968-07-01 | 1971-07-06 | Robertson Co H H | Method of making a plastic building wall fin unit |
-
1974
- 1974-06-13 US US05478844 patent/US3913290A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1975
- 1975-01-27 US US05/544,168 patent/US4069075A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1975-03-12 GB GB1034175A patent/GB1504735A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-03-19 NL NL7503292A patent/NL7503292A/en active Search and Examination
- 1975-03-24 NO NO751024A patent/NO150769C/en unknown
- 1975-03-24 DE DE19752513563 patent/DE2513563A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1975-03-24 CA CA222,863A patent/CA1035595A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-03-25 JP JP3668375A patent/JPS5631423B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1975-03-25 FR FR7509328A patent/FR2265932B3/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US670938A (en) * | 1899-11-06 | 1901-04-02 | John W Rapp | Support for partitions. |
US1860205A (en) * | 1929-01-04 | 1932-05-24 | Electric Welding Company | Beam protector |
US1983994A (en) * | 1931-07-09 | 1934-12-11 | John S Raynor | Plaster bed |
US1988081A (en) * | 1932-11-19 | 1935-01-15 | Calvin A Kemper | Beam wrapping |
US2166798A (en) * | 1937-07-17 | 1939-07-18 | Cote Marcellin | Method of applying guards or bumpers |
US2213603A (en) * | 1938-10-14 | 1940-09-03 | Robertson Co H H | Fireproof building structure |
US2702932A (en) * | 1951-05-28 | 1955-03-01 | Gunite Concrete And Constructi | Thickness gauge assembly for cementitious coatings when applied to structural elements |
US3570208A (en) * | 1966-03-23 | 1971-03-16 | Nihon Valqua Kogyo Kk | Method of forming fireproof layers outside steel skeletons and beams |
US3516213A (en) * | 1968-02-28 | 1970-06-23 | Nat Gypsum Co | Fireproofing of steel columns |
US3798867A (en) * | 1972-03-02 | 1974-03-26 | B Starling | Structural method and apparatus |
Cited By (72)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4406103A (en) * | 1978-02-28 | 1983-09-27 | Amin Ghali | Shear reinforcement for concrete flat slabs |
EP0102570A2 (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1984-03-14 | Thermal Science Inc. | Thermal protective system |
US4493945A (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1985-01-15 | Thermal Science, Inc. | Thermal protective system |
EP0102570A3 (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1985-01-16 | T.S.I., Inc. | Thermal protective system |
US4729916A (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1988-03-08 | Thermal Science, Inc. | Thermal protective system |
US4529467A (en) * | 1983-10-25 | 1985-07-16 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Fire protective intumescent mastic composition and method employing same |
US4699822A (en) * | 1985-08-30 | 1987-10-13 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Fireproofed metal structural members and method of fabricating same |
US4669243A (en) * | 1985-11-06 | 1987-06-02 | Truswal Systems Corporation | Fire protective system and method for a support structure |
WO1989012577A1 (en) * | 1988-06-14 | 1989-12-28 | Ab Tetra Pak | Plant for treatment, for instance heat treatment, of a liquid while it flows through a flexible tube moving in the flow direction of the liquid |
WO1992007149A1 (en) * | 1990-10-11 | 1992-04-30 | Morarp Pty. Limited | Fire rated load-bearing building construction |
US5511355A (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1996-04-30 | Dingler; Gerhard | Construction element |
US5402615A (en) * | 1992-11-13 | 1995-04-04 | International Copper Association, Ltd. | Fire retardant barrier system and method |
US5433991A (en) * | 1992-12-01 | 1995-07-18 | Avco Corporation | Reinforcement system for mastic intumescent fire protection coatings comprising a hybrid mesh fabric |
US5580648A (en) * | 1992-12-01 | 1996-12-03 | Avco Corporation | Reinforcement system for mastic intumescent fire protection coatings |
US5622774A (en) * | 1993-02-08 | 1997-04-22 | Thermal Science, Inc. | Reinforced thermal protective system |
US5372846A (en) * | 1993-05-05 | 1994-12-13 | Nu-Chem, Inc. | Heat blocking materials and methods |
US5900281A (en) * | 1996-07-08 | 1999-05-04 | Nu-Chem, Inc. | Platinum-containing thermal protective compositions |
US20040118078A1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 2004-06-24 | Rastegar Jahangir S | Structural elements |
US6370833B1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 2002-04-16 | The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Structural elements |
US6474039B2 (en) | 1997-09-19 | 2002-11-05 | The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Structural elements |
US20030009981A1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 2003-01-16 | Rastegar Jahangir S. | Structural elements |
US6684596B2 (en) | 1997-09-19 | 2004-02-03 | Jahangir S. Rastegar | Structural elements |
US6082072A (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 2000-07-04 | The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Structural elements |
US6332301B1 (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2001-12-25 | Jacob Goldzak | Metal beam structure and building construction including same |
EP1207242A2 (en) | 2000-11-17 | 2002-05-22 | VSL International AG | Multi-layer, thermal protection and corrosion protection coating system for metallic tendons, especially for external post-tensioning systems |
US6561736B1 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2003-05-13 | Doleshal Donald L | Frictional coupler and stiffener for strengthening a section of piling |
US6610399B1 (en) | 2000-11-17 | 2003-08-26 | Structural Technologies, Llc | Multi-layer, thermal protection and corrosion protection coating system for metallic tendons, especially for external post-tensioning systems |
US20030194931A1 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2003-10-16 | Crigler John R. | Multi-layer, thermal protection and corrosion protection coating system for metallic tendons, especially for external post-tensioning systems |
US8438808B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2013-05-14 | Tac Technologies, Llc | Reinforced structural member and frame structures |
US8938882B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2015-01-27 | Tac Technologies, Llc | Reinforced structural member and frame structures |
US7213379B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2007-05-08 | Tac Technologies, Llc | Engineered structural members and methods for constructing same |
US8266856B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2012-09-18 | Tac Technologies, Llc | Reinforced structural member and frame structures |
US7721496B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2010-05-25 | Tac Technologies, Llc | Composite decking material and methods associated with the same |
US7930866B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2011-04-26 | Tac Technologies, Llc | Engineered structural members and methods for constructing same |
US7882679B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2011-02-08 | Tac Technologies, Llc | Engineered structural members and methods for constructing same |
US7398856B2 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2008-07-15 | Matthew Foster | Acoustical and firewall barrier assembly |
US20080184643A1 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2008-08-07 | Matthew Foster | Acoustical and firewall barrier assembly |
US20060048997A1 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2006-03-09 | Matthew Foster | Acoustical and firewall barrier assembly |
US7946384B2 (en) | 2004-08-24 | 2011-05-24 | Thermacrete L.L.C. | Acoustical and firewall barrier assembly |
US20100148005A1 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2010-06-17 | Saab Ab | Curved beam of fiber composite material |
US8151529B2 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2012-04-10 | Saab Ab | Curved beam of fiber composite material |
US20060213138A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | Royal Group Technologies Limited | Fire barrier component |
US20090044486A1 (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2009-02-19 | Kazuyoshi Kimura | Wooden building member |
US20080282633A1 (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2008-11-20 | Buckholt Ricky G | Structural Insulated Header |
US8065848B2 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2011-11-29 | Tac Technologies, Llc | Structural member |
US20090075031A1 (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2009-03-19 | Carlson Barry L | Structural member |
US20110171866A1 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2011-07-14 | Paul Craig Scott | Fire Resistant Coating and Method |
US20130160398A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-06-27 | Weihong Yang | Composite i-beam member |
US20130239512A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-09-19 | Weihong Yang | Steel and wood composite structure with metal jacket wood studs and rods |
US8820033B2 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2014-09-02 | Weihong Yang | Steel and wood composite structure with metal jacket wood studs and rods |
US8910455B2 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2014-12-16 | Weihong Yang | Composite I-beam member |
ES2498522A1 (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2014-09-24 | José CALLEJÓN FERNÁNDEZ | System of subjection and separation of metallic mesh for the protection against the fire in metallic structures (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
US10060123B2 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2018-08-28 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning, double wire corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member |
US10683662B1 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2020-06-16 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member and method of using same |
US9540813B2 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2017-01-10 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning, double wire corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member and method of using same |
US20140352243A1 (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2014-12-04 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member and method of using same |
US9140005B2 (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2015-09-22 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member and method of using same |
US10087622B2 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2018-10-02 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member and method of using same |
US10202760B1 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2019-02-12 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning, double wire corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member and method of using same |
US10415238B1 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2019-09-17 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member and method of using same |
US10415237B1 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2019-09-17 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member and method of using same |
US10036192B2 (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2018-07-31 | Plastpro 2000, Inc. | Reinforced mull post assembly |
US10066392B2 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-09-04 | United States Gypsum Company | One hour fire rated wooden frame members using lightweight gypsum wallboard |
US10533318B1 (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2020-01-14 | Alfred Miller Contracting Company | Prefabricated form for fireproofing structural steel and method of use |
US10815659B1 (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2020-10-27 | Alfred Miller Contracting Company | Prefabricated form for fireproofing structural steel and method of use |
US11486136B2 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2022-11-01 | Intumescents Associates Group (IAG), LLC | Fire resistant coating system and method |
US11668088B2 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2023-06-06 | Intumescents Associates Group (IAG), LLC | Fire resistant coating system and method |
US11732469B2 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2023-08-22 | Intumescents Associates Group (IAG), LLC | Fire resistant coating system and method |
US11802405B2 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2023-10-31 | Intumescents Associates Group (IAG), LLC | Fire resistant coating system and method |
US11851873B2 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2023-12-26 | Intumescents Associates Group (IAG), LLC | Fire resistant coating system and method |
US11352780B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2022-06-07 | Thermacrete Llc | Autoclave aerated concrete structures with embedded hangers and connectors |
US11499306B2 (en) | 2019-10-03 | 2022-11-15 | Thermacrete Llc | Differential settlement anchors |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL7503292A (en) | 1975-09-29 |
JPS5631423B2 (en) | 1981-07-21 |
GB1504735A (en) | 1978-03-22 |
FR2265932B3 (en) | 1977-12-02 |
NO150769B (en) | 1984-09-03 |
NO751024L (en) | 1975-09-26 |
NO150769C (en) | 1984-12-12 |
JPS50159196A (en) | 1975-12-23 |
DE2513563A1 (en) | 1975-10-02 |
US4069075A (en) | 1978-01-17 |
FR2265932A1 (en) | 1975-10-24 |
CA1035595A (en) | 1978-08-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3913290A (en) | Fire insulation edge reinforcements for structural members | |
US4363199A (en) | Fire resistant sealing system for holes in fire resistant building partitions | |
US5404687A (en) | Intumescent fireproofing panel system | |
US3892396A (en) | Lining for high temperature furnaces | |
US4245445A (en) | Method for making a fire-proof passage and passage obtained thereby | |
US6074714A (en) | Fire and heat protection wrap for structural steel columns, beams and open web joists | |
GB1587284A (en) | Insulating panels or the like | |
KR101875077B1 (en) | Seismic retrofit system using fire-resistant panel and construction method thereof | |
CA1190376A (en) | Heat-insulating covering applied against walls of buildings and a method of application of said covering | |
US5509241A (en) | Fireproofing panel attachment system | |
US2267929A (en) | Fire-resisting structure | |
JPS5816771Y2 (en) | Fire protection device for long body floor penetration parts | |
JPH01138921A (en) | Through part fire-protection construction for building refractory slab | |
JPH09296537A (en) | Sealing method of refractory panel end part | |
JPH06136853A (en) | Steel frame fire-resisting coating method | |
CZ3798A3 (en) | Glass hollow block | |
JP2614642B2 (en) | Slab penetrating steel pipe joint structure | |
JP3765383B2 (en) | Box-type frame for fire prevention treatment of flammable long objects | |
AU663561B2 (en) | Fireproofing panel attachment system | |
JPH0755066A (en) | Fireproofing constructing method for piping penetrating part and fireproofing device | |
JPS6350501B2 (en) | ||
JPS62156459A (en) | Refractory coating construction method of steel bar | |
JP7446855B2 (en) | Fireproof coating structure and its construction method | |
GB1581266A (en) | Fireproofing of partition members | |
JPS63180787A (en) | Method of airtight sealing construction |