US3893462A - Bioelectrochemical regenerator and stimulator devices and methods for applying electrical energy to cells and/or tissue in a living body - Google Patents

Bioelectrochemical regenerator and stimulator devices and methods for applying electrical energy to cells and/or tissue in a living body Download PDF

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Publication number
US3893462A
US3893462A US315901A US31590172A US3893462A US 3893462 A US3893462 A US 3893462A US 315901 A US315901 A US 315901A US 31590172 A US31590172 A US 31590172A US 3893462 A US3893462 A US 3893462A
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United States
Prior art keywords
predetermined zone
living body
bone growth
repair processes
normal bone
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US315901A
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Michael R Manning
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Electro Biology Inc
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ESB Inc
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Publication date
Priority to BE794566D priority Critical patent/BE794566A/en
Application filed by ESB Inc filed Critical ESB Inc
Priority to US315901A priority patent/US3893462A/en
Priority to ES411028A priority patent/ES411028A1/en
Priority to PH14248A priority patent/PH10897A/en
Priority to NZ16960573A priority patent/NZ169605A/en
Priority to FI18973A priority patent/FI59203C/en
Priority to NL7301054A priority patent/NL182778C/en
Priority to DE19732303811 priority patent/DE2303811A1/en
Priority to FR7302815A priority patent/FR2169327B1/fr
Priority to CH114973A priority patent/CH570172A5/xx
Priority to GB415473A priority patent/GB1419660A/en
Priority to IT4792173A priority patent/IT977078B/en
Priority to CA162,201A priority patent/CA987391A/en
Priority to AR24632273A priority patent/AR197976A1/en
Priority to DK46673A priority patent/DK144359C/en
Priority to NO35173A priority patent/NO148399C/en
Priority to ES438340A priority patent/ES438340A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3893462A publication Critical patent/US3893462A/en
Assigned to INCO ELECTROENERGY CORPORATION; A CORP OF PA. reassignment INCO ELECTROENERGY CORPORATION; A CORP OF PA. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: EXIDE CORPORATION
Assigned to EXIDE CORPORATION, reassignment EXIDE CORPORATION, CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). DEC. 24,1980 EFFECTIVE JAN. 1,1981 Assignors: ESB INCORPORATED
Assigned to ELECTRO-BIOLOGY, INC. reassignment ELECTRO-BIOLOGY, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: INCO ELECTROENERGY CORPORATION
Publication of US3893462B1 publication Critical patent/US3893462B1/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/40Applying electric fields by inductive or capacitive coupling ; Applying radio-frequency signals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents

Abstract

Electrical medical devices and methods are disclosed for the therapeutic treatment of cells and/or tissue in a living body. The electrical medical devices and methods of the invention are useful in the therapeutic treatment of cells and/or tissue which require a ''''bioelectrical signal'''' to artificially stimulate healing of the cells and/or tissue. The devices and methods of the invention provide for the generation of an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time differs from its fall time which when coupled to the living body induces currents at the tissue level which currents in turn produce a voltage at the tissue level that is bipolar with the amplitude and frequency components of one polarity thereof being different from those of the opposite polarity thereof; the voltage that is bipolar effecting the bioelectrical signal at the cellular or tissue level for artificially stimulating healing of the cells and/or tissue.

Claims (30)

1. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising: a. means for generating an electrical signal undulating in both the positive and negative directions and having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. means for reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body and for effecting a voltage in said predetermined zone undulating both in the positive and negative directions with the maximum amplitude of said voltage in one direction being greater than the maximum amplitude of said voltage in the opposite direction thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
2. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising: a. means for generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. means for reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body and for producing current flow in both the positive and negative directions in said predetermined zone with the magnitude of said current in one direction being greater than in the opposite direction thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
3. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising: a. means for generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form in which the fall time with respect to the rise time differs by at least one order; and b. means for reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body and for producing current flow in said predetermined zone whose magnitude in one direction is grEater than in the opposite direction thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
4. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising: a. means for selectively generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time widely differs from its fall time and whose rise time corresponds with a high frequency content within the range of from about 10 hertz to about 1 megahertz; and b. means for reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body and for producing by a selected rise time current flow at any selected depth within said predetermined zone whose magnitude in one direction is greater than in the opposite direction thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
5. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body as set forth in claim 4 wherein said rise time corresponds with a high frequency content within the range of from about 10 hertz to about 10 kilohertz.
6. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body as set forth in claim 4 wherein said rise time corresponds with a high frequency content within the range of from about 10 kilohertz to about 50 kilohertz.
7. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body as set forth in claim 4 wherein said rise time corresponds with a high frequency content within the range of from about 50 kilohertz to about 200 kilohertz.
8. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body as set forth in claim 4 wherein said rise time corresponds with a high frequency content within the range of from about 200 kilohertz to about 1 megahertz.
9. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising: a. means for selectively generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time widely differs from its fall time and whose rise time corresponds with a high frequency content within the range of about 10 hertz to about 1 megahertz, and in which the repetition frequency of said undulating signal is no greater than the reciprocal of the sum of said rise time and of said fall time; and b. means for reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body and for producing by a selected rise time current flow at any selected depth within said predetermined zone whose magnitude in one direction differs from that in the opposite direction thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
10. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprpsing: a. means for generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. means for non-faradaically reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body and for effecting ionic current flow in said predetermined zone whose magnitude in one direction is greater than in the opposite direction thereby artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
11. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by increasing the absolute value of the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising: a. means for generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. means for reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body and for effecting current flow in said predetermined zone whose magnitude in one direction is greater than in the opposite direction and is in direction and of magnitude to establish said increased absolute value of electrical potential thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
12. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the local potentials at the membranes of cells and fluid interfaces in the predetermined zone of the living body comprising: a. means for generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. means for coupling said signal to said living body and for effecting a voltage in said predetermined zone of amplitude in one direction greater than in the opposite direction thereby modifying the local potentials at the membranes of cells and fluid interfaces in the predetermined zone thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
13. An electrical medical device for artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the local potentials at the membranes of cells and fluid interfaces of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising: a. means for generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. means for reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body and for effecting a current flow in said predetermined zone of magnitude in one direction greater than in the opposite direction which current in turn produces a voltage in the predetermined zone having an amplitude in one direction greater than in the opposite direction, said voltage modifying the local potentials at the membranes of cells and fluid interfaces of the predetermined zone thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
14. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising the steps of: a. generating an electrical signal undulating in both the positive and negative directions and having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body for effecting a voltage in said predetermined zone undulating both in the positive and negative directions with the maximum amplitude of said voltage in one direction being greater than the maximum amplitude of said voltage in the opposite direction thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
15. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising the steps of: a. generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body for effecting current flow in both the positive and negative directions in said predetermined zone with the magnitude of said current in one direction being greater than in the opposite direction thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
16. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising the steps of: a. generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form in which the fall time with respect to the rise time differs by at least one order; and b. reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body for effecting current flow in said predetermined zone whose magnitude in one direction is greater than in the opposite direction thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
17. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising the steps of: a. selectively generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time widely differs from its fall time and whose rise time corresponds with a high frequency content within the range of from about 10 hertz to about 1 megahertz; and b. reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body for effecting by a selected rise time current flow at any selected depth within said predetermined zone whose magnitude in one direction is greater than in the opposite direction thereby artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
18. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body as set forth in claim 17 wherein said rise time corresponds with a high frequency content within the range of from about 10 hertz to about 10 kilohertz.
19. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body as set forth in claim 17 wherein said rise time corresponds with a high frequency content within the range of from about 10 kilohertz to about 50 kilohertz.
20. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body as set forth in claim 17 wherein said rise time corresponds with a high frequency content within the range of from about 50 kilohertz to about 200 kilohertz.
21. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body as set forth in claim 17 wherein said rise time corresponds with a high frequency content within the range of from about 200 kilohertz to about 1 megahertz.
22. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising the steps of: a. selectively generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time widely differs from its fall time and whose rise time corresponds wIth a high frequency content within the range of about 10 hertz to about 1 megahertz, and in which the repetition frequency of said undulating signal is no greater than the reciprocal of the sum of said rise time and of said fall time; and b. reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body for effecting by a selected rise time current flow of any selected depth within said predetermined zone whose magnitude in one direction differs from that in the opposite direction thereby artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
23. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising the steps of: a. generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. non-faradaically reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body for effecting ionic current flow in said predetermined zone whose magnitude in one direction is greater than in the opposite direction thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
24. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by increasing the absolute value of the electrical potential of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising the steps of: a. generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body for effecting current flow in said predetermined zone whose magnitude in one direction is greater than in the opposite direction and is in direction and of magnitude to establish said increased absolute value of electrical potential thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
25. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the local potentials at the membranes of cells and fluid interfaces in the predetermined zone of the living body comprising: a. generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. reactively coupling said signal to said living body for effecting a voltage in said predetermined zone of amplitude in one direction greater than in the opposite direction thereby modifying the local potentials at the membranes of cells and fluid interfaces in the predetermined zone thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
26. The method of aritficially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the local potentials at the membranes of cells and fluid interfaces of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising: a. generating an undulating electrical signal having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. reactively coupling said signal to said predetermined zone of said living body for effecting a current flow in said predetermined zone of magnitude in one direction greater than in the opposite direction which current in turn produces a voltage in the predetermined zone having an amplitude in one direction greater than in the opposite direction, said voltage modifying the local potentials at the membranes of cells and fluid interfaces of the predetermined zone thereby to artificially stimulate control bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
27. The method of artificially stimulating normal bone growth and repair processes in a predetermined zone of a living body by modifying the naturally occurring electrical potentiAl of the predetermined zone of the living body comprising the steps of: a. generating an electrical field which rises and collapses in accordance with a preselected frequency with the time period of the rise of the electrical field being different from the time period of the collapse of the electrical field; and b. reactively coupling said electrical field to said predetermined zone for inducing a voltage in said predetermined zone undulating in both the positive and negative directions with the maximum amplitude of said voltage in one direction being greater than the maximum amplitude of said voltage in the opposite direction thereby to artificially stimulate normal bone growth and repair processes in said predetermined zone.
28. A method for artificially stimulating bone growth in a predetermined zone of a patient, comprising the steps of: a. generating, by an electric circuit, an electrical signal undulating in both the positive and negative directions and having a wave-form whose rise time is difficult from its fall time; and b. reactively coupling said signal to the patient by applying a pair of spaced electrodes, which electrodes are connected to the electric circuit, adjacent to the predetermined zone with one of the electrodes being located closer to the predetermined zone than the other of the electrodes whereby to produce current flow in the predetermined zone both in the positive and negative directions with the magnitude of said current in one direction being greater than in the opposite direction.
29. A method as defined in claim 28 wherein the electrode being located closer to said predetermined zone is smaller than the other of said electrodes.
30. A method for artificially stimulating bone growth in a predetermined zone of a patient, comprising the steps of: a. generating, by an electrical circuit, an electrical signal undulating in both the positive and negative directions and having a wave-form whose rise time is different from its fall time; and b. reactively coupling said signal to the patient by applying at least one coil, which coil is connected to the electric circuit, adjacent to the predetermined zone whereby to induce in the predetermined zone a current undulating in both the positive and negative directions with the maximum magnitude of said current in one direction being greater than the maximum magnitude of said current in the opposite direction.
US315901A 1972-01-28 1972-12-22 Bioelectrochemical regenerator and stimulator devices and methods for applying electrical energy to cells and/or tissue in a living body Expired - Lifetime US3893462A (en)

Priority Applications (17)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE794566D BE794566A (en) 1972-01-28 BIOELECTROCHEMICAL REGENERATOR AND STIMULATOR AND IN VIVO APPLICATION METHODS OF ELECTRIC ENERGY TO CELLS AND TISSUES.
US315901A US3893462A (en) 1972-01-28 1972-12-22 Bioelectrochemical regenerator and stimulator devices and methods for applying electrical energy to cells and/or tissue in a living body
ES411028A ES411028A1 (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-07 Electrical medical devices
PH14248A PH10897A (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-11 Bioelectrochemical regenerator and stimulator devices and methods for applying electrical energy to cells and/or tissue in a living body
NZ16960573A NZ169605A (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-23 Electromedical device: modifies electric potentials in non-human living bodies
FI18973A FI59203C (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-24 ELECTROMEDICAL APPARATUS FOR THERAPEUTIC BEHANDLING AV CELLER OCH / ELLER LEVANDE
NL7301054A NL182778C (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-25 Apparatus for carrying out a surgical treatment of living tissues.
IT4792173A IT977078B (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-26 PIOELECTROCHEMICAL REGENERATOR AND STIMULATOR DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR APPLYING AC ELECTRIC ENERGY TO CELLS AND TISSUES OF LIVING BODIES
CH114973A CH570172A5 (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-26
GB415473A GB1419660A (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-26 Electrical medical devices
DE19732303811 DE2303811A1 (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-26 BIOELECTROCHEMICAL REGENERATOR AND STIMULATOR DEVICE, AND METHOD FOR APPLYING ELECTRICAL ENERGY TO CELLS AND / OR TISSUE OF A LIVING BODY
CA162,201A CA987391A (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-26 Therapeutic bioelectric growth stimulator
AR24632273A AR197976A1 (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-26 DEVICE TO MODIFY THE ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL OF NATURAL OCCURRENCE OF A PRE-DETERMINED AREA OF A LIVING BODY
DK46673A DK144359C (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-26 ELECTROMEDIC MEDICAL DEVICE FOR THERAPEUTIC TREATMENT OF LIVE CELLS AND / OR TISSUE IN A PRESENTED TREATMENT ZONE
FR7302815A FR2169327B1 (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-26
NO35173A NO148399C (en) 1972-01-28 1973-01-29 ELECTROMEDICAL DEVICE FOR THERAPEUTIC TREATMENT OF LIVE CELLS AND / OR TISSUE IN A PREDICTED TREATMENT ZONE
ES438340A ES438340A1 (en) 1972-01-28 1975-06-09 Electrical medical devices

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22165372A 1972-01-28 1972-01-28
US315901A US3893462A (en) 1972-01-28 1972-12-22 Bioelectrochemical regenerator and stimulator devices and methods for applying electrical energy to cells and/or tissue in a living body

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US3893462A true US3893462A (en) 1975-07-08
US3893462B1 US3893462B1 (en) 1987-03-24

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US315901A Expired - Lifetime US3893462A (en) 1972-01-28 1972-12-22 Bioelectrochemical regenerator and stimulator devices and methods for applying electrical energy to cells and/or tissue in a living body

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Owner name: INCO ELECTROENERGY CORPORATION; A CORP OF PA., ST

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:EXIDE CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004073/0608

Effective date: 19821202

AS Assignment

Owner name: EXIDE CORPORATION,

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:ESB INCORPORATED;REEL/FRAME:004192/0945

Effective date: 19801218

AS Assignment

Owner name: ELECTRO-BIOLOGY, INC., 300 FAIRFIELD RD., FAIRFIEL

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. EFFECTIVE NOV. 11, 1983;ASSIGNOR:INCO ELECTROENERGY CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004221/0483

Effective date: 19840117

PS Patent suit(s) filed
RR Request for reexamination filed

Effective date: 19850311

B1 Reexamination certificate first reexamination