US3888256A - Layered absorbant pad material - Google Patents

Layered absorbant pad material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3888256A
US3888256A US332229A US33222973A US3888256A US 3888256 A US3888256 A US 3888256A US 332229 A US332229 A US 332229A US 33222973 A US33222973 A US 33222973A US 3888256 A US3888256 A US 3888256A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
layer
swelling
absorbent
liquid
particles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US332229A
Inventor
Hans Studinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3888256A publication Critical patent/US3888256A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/534Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/534Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • A61F13/537Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
    • A61F13/53743Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the position of the layer relative to the other layers
    • A61F13/53747Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the position of the layer relative to the other layers the layer is facing the topsheet
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/42Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L15/60Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/84Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
    • A61F13/8405Additives, e.g. for odour, disinfectant or pH control
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F2013/530481Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F2013/530481Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
    • A61F2013/53051Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/534Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • A61F2013/53445Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad from several sheets
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/534Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • A61F13/537Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
    • A61F13/53708Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction
    • A61F2013/53721Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction with capillary means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23921With particles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31725Of polyamide
    • Y10T428/31779Next to cellulosic
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/3188Next to cellulosic
    • Y10T428/31884Regenerated or modified cellulose
    • Y10T428/31891Where addition polymer is an ester or halide

Definitions

  • Kendell [30] Foreign Application Priority Data Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Ross, Ross & Flavin F b. 22, 1972 G 2208126 6 many 57 ABSTRACT [52] US. Cl. 128/296; 128/284; 128/287; A layered bsorbent pad material comprising an ab- 128/290 R; 428/87; 428/475; 428/510 sorbent layer disposed between upper and lower sur- [51] Int. Cl.
  • This invention relates to layered absorbent pad material for hygienic purposes such as absorbent, sanitary or invalid's underlays, diapers, sanitary towels and the like, and comprises an absorbent layer disposed between an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer and incorporating a swelling substance.
  • swelling substance means a substance which swells upon absorbing a liquid, such as water, the water being retained by adsorption.
  • Absorbent pads of this kind are already known.
  • absorbent pads which are to be used, for example, for the production of sanitary towels and for other sanitary and surgical purposes, in order to increase their absorptive capacity, adsorptive substances which are capable of combining chemically with water contained in the liquid expected to be absorbed by the pads.
  • Organic natural products such as potato flour, cereal starch, gelatine and the like, have been proposed as agents on this score.
  • Hydrophilic colloids of this kind are not, however, generally acceptable as swelling substances in hygienic or sanitary articles of the kinds mentioned. Only in recent times has it been possible to find substances having better absorptive capacities and having in addition, the property of being substantially immune to the growth of bacteria.
  • swelling substance carboxymethyl cellulose of which the degree of etherification is adjusted to values from 0.05 to 0.3.
  • polyacryl amides, as well as sulphonated polystyrenes, having a specific chemical structure are recommended.
  • cross-linked polymers of the polyethylene oxide type or of the polyethylene imine type are also suitable for the same purpose.
  • the swelling substances should be in the form of powder or granulate, and that they should be accommodated either in a special bag or envelope of a material which is pcrvious to liquid, or to introduce the swelling substances into the absorbent pad in a mixture with cellulose wadding.
  • German Offenlegungschrift No. 1,642,072 it has also been proposed initially to coat a suitable liquid-pervious foil with a layer of adhesive and then to sprinkle the layer of adhesive with swelling-substance in powder form. The individual particles of the powder then stick fast by their undersides on the layer of adhesive and are thus retained in position. The flat product obtained in this way is then introduced into the absorbent layer at the side which lies downwards in use or is incorporated into the centre of the absorbent layer.
  • absorbent pads containing a swelling substance have a considerably higher liquid absorption capacity.
  • cellulose can, as a rule, absorb only about 20 grammes of water per gramme of cellulose
  • the liquid absorption capacity of the said swelling substances can amount to up to I50 grammes of water per gramme of swelling substances depending on the chemical nature of the substance.
  • the water is chemically completely adsorbed by the swelling substances and is retained by chemical combination e.g. by principal valencies. This means that the swelling substance, once it has taken up the water does not release it again, even under pressure loading or upon squeezing, which improves the utility of such substances.
  • the water in paper or cellulose is largely retained by secondary valency forces or by capillary forces, which means there is much weaker retention so that such substances will readily give up the absorbed liquid under the effect of pressure, like a sponge.
  • the pad material incorporates a particulate swelling substance is arranged exclusively or additionally in one of the layers, lying at the top in use, of the absorbent body or of the envelope and in that the distribution of the particles throughout the layer of swelling substance is such that the spacing between adjacent particles is no greater than half of the particle diameter increase which occurs upon swelling of said particles.
  • absorbent pads constructed in this way, upon wetting of the pad the wetting liquid initially enters in the conventional manner into the absorbent pad and flows through the layer of swelling sub stance arranged at the top or largely at the top, resulting in the particles of swelling substance being moistened and slowly beginning to swell. Surplus liquid flows past the particles of swelling substance and into the absorbent layer lying therebelow, which absorbent layer consists, for example of cellulose wadding, crepe paper plies or the like.
  • the swelling procedure itself may last. for example, from one to five minutes depending on the fineness of grain of the swelling substance. A considerable increase in diameter of the individual particles occurs, so that these, because of their density of distribution, coalesce into a poreless liquid-impervious gel-like barrier layer. lf subsequently to the swelling a fairly severe pressure loading is imposed on the pad or the pad is squeezed locally, the liquid stored like a sponge by the absorbent layer (cellulose wadding layer or crepe paper layer) is no longer able to penetrate the barrier layer and to rewet the exterior of the absorbent pad outwardly. What is advantageous in this connection is the fact that once the chemical reaction of liquid adsorption is once initiated, the swelling proceeds initially slowly and then comparatively rapidly.
  • the swelling substance is arranged directly below the filter layer or one of the upper surface layers of the pad material, and that it should be in one or more layers itself.
  • the swelling substance should preferably have a granulate form and be held fast, by way of example adhered, on a liquid-pervious carrier or support sheet. This carrier sheet or several of these sheets arranged one above the other in layers can then be introduced in the manufacture of the absorbent pad.
  • the cellucotton acts as a support and filter layer which prevents the swelling substance from escaping from the absorbent pad.
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged diagrammatic sectional view of a preferred form of the absorbent pad material of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1, but showing the material subjected to pressure after wetting and before completion of swelling;
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing the material after swelling has taken place;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3, but showing the material subjected to pressure loading.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic plan illustrating the particle distribution in the swelling substance layer in the material of FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • the layered absorbent pad material illustrated in the drawings comprises a plurality of superimposed layers consisting of flat areal structures or sheets, and absorbent substances.
  • Upper surface layer 1 is in the form of a plasticsbound fibre fleece or web which imparts to the entire absorbent pad material a textilelike texture which is kind to the skin.
  • this fleece substance layer 1 there is disposed one, or several, layers 2 of cellucotton acting as a filter layer and serving to prevent swelling substances (yet to be described). in the unswollen state, from escaping from the material, eg. as a result of rough treatment of the absorbent pad material.
  • the powdery or granular swelling substance (which may consist for example of polyacrylamide, sulphonated polystyrene or other suitable substance) is fixed, for example adhered, to a carrier sheet of cellucotton.
  • a relatively thick layer 4 which consists of one or morelaps of cellulose wadding.
  • Crepe paper can, if desired, be incorporated into this layer; furthermore, intermediate layers of cellucotton can be present therein, those serving for example as carriers for disinfecting or deodorising substances.
  • lower layer 5 there are once more one or more surface layers which may also consist of cellucotton, plastics-bound fibre fleece or which may be of liquid-impervious foil, for example thin polyethylene foil.
  • the layer 3' remains liquid-impervious so that no liquid can be expressed upwards out of the absorbent layer 4, and the diaper, invalid underlay, sanitary towel or the like remains dry even if subjected to violent treatment resulting in considerable surface deformation of the pad.
  • the layer 3 of swelling substance not as shown above the absorbent pad layer 4, but to accommodate it within this layer, but near to its upper surface.
  • the layer 3 of swelling substance were, for example, accommodated in the centre of the absorbent layer or in the latter near to its lower surface, naturally the drying and barrier effect above-discussed would not be achieved.
  • this does not preclude the possibility of providing additional swelling substance layers in the centre and/or near the bottom surface of absorbent layer, over and above the layer 3 at or near the top surface of the absorbent layer 3, if this is desired and is acceptable for economic reasons.
  • FIG. 5 several particles 12 of the swelling sub stance are shown, very diagrammatically, as lying sideby-side.
  • the particles of swelling substance naturally will not be regularly-disposed as illustrated nor will they be in the form of spheres, but will be more or less non-uniformly shaped structures; the fundamental requirement for the distribution of the particles remains however,, the same.
  • the particles 12 of swelling substance (which are shown in their non-swollen conditions in full lines) absorb water in the swelling procedure, and combine chemically therewith; as a result they increase in volume and consequently in diameter as indicated in dotted lines at 12'.
  • An essential feature of the absorbent pad material of this invention is that the distribution of the unswollen particles ll of swelling substance is such that at no point throughout the layer is the spacing 13 of the particles 12 of swelling substance from one another greater than half the increase in diameter which occurs upon swelling thereof. Only with observance of this condition is it ensured that the particles of swelling substance coalesce tightly and thus form the liquid-impervious barrier layer 3'. Theoretically there could remain, between the coalesced particles 12, a free space which considered twodimensionally is an enveloping rectangle. but considered three-dimensionally is an enveloping octahedron. Microscopic observations show, however, that this free space in fact does not remain, but becomes filled as a result of deformation of the swollen particles, and the entire layer thus coalesces into a uniform mass.
  • the pad or the pad ma terial may be enveloped or faced, except at its upper surface layer, by an additional water-impervious envelope or foil.
  • a layered absorbent hygienic pad of joinedtogether layers comprising:
  • plastics-bound fiber fleece an uppermost surface layer of plastics-bound fiber fleece, a next-adjacent carrier filter sheet of cellucotton, a next-adjacent layer of granulated particulate swelling substance formed from the group consisting of polyacrylamide or sulphonated polystyrene with spacings between adjacent particles,
  • an absorbent layer consisting of one or more laps of cellulose wadding and being free of any swelling substance, and a lowermost surface layer of a material formed from the group consisting of a plasticsbound fiber fleece or a liquidimpervious foil with the distribution of the particles of the layer of the swelling substance being such that the spacing between adjacent particles is no greater than half of the particle diameter increase realized upon parti cle swelling.

Abstract

A layered absorbent pad material comprising an absorbent layer disposed between upper and lower surface layers, is provided, between the upper surface layer and the absorbent layer, with a layer of particulate swelling substance which swells subsequent to the material absorbing liquid, and thereafter prevents liquid being displaced back into the upper surface layer upon squeezing of the material.

Description

United States Patent Studinger 1 June 10, 1975 15 1 LAYERED ABSORBANT PAD MATERIAL 3.645.836 2 1972 Torr 161/151 3.664.343 5/1972 Assarsson .7 128/284 [76] Inventor. Hans Studlnger, 6 Johanmsstrasse, 3669103 6/1972 Harp:r e a] [28,284 X 8500 Numberg- Germany 3,670,731 6/1972 Harmon 128/284 Feb. 3, 3,686,024 Nankee Ct 3| 128/284 1 1 PP 332,229 Primary Examiner-George F. Lesmes Assistant ExaminerL. T. Kendell [30] Foreign Application Priority Data Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Ross, Ross & Flavin F b. 22, 1972 G 2208126 6 many 57 ABSTRACT [52] US. Cl. 128/296; 128/284; 128/287; A layered bsorbent pad material comprising an ab- 128/290 R; 428/87; 428/475; 428/510 sorbent layer disposed between upper and lower sur- [51] Int. Cl. 1332b 5/16; A61f 13/16 face layers, is provi between h pper rface [58] Field of Search 161/162, 168, 169, 170, layer and the absorbent layer, with a layer of particu- 161/152, 156; 128/284, 287, 290 R late swelling substance which swells subsequent to the material absorbing liquid. and thereafter prevents liq- [56] References Cited uid being displaced back into the upper surface layer UNITED STATES PATENTS upon squeezing of the material.
3,344 789 10/1967 Arnold et a1 128/287 1 Claim, 5 Drawing Figures LAYERED ABSORBANT PAD MATERIAL This invention relates to layered absorbent pad material for hygienic purposes such as absorbent, sanitary or invalid's underlays, diapers, sanitary towels and the like, and comprises an absorbent layer disposed between an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer and incorporating a swelling substance. As used herein, the term swelling substance" means a substance which swells upon absorbing a liquid, such as water, the water being retained by adsorption.
Absorbent pads of this kind are already known. For example in German Patent Specification No. 489308 it has been proposed to incorporate into absorbent pads, which are to be used, for example, for the production of sanitary towels and for other sanitary and surgical purposes, in order to increase their absorptive capacity, adsorptive substances which are capable of combining chemically with water contained in the liquid expected to be absorbed by the pads. Organic natural products, such as potato flour, cereal starch, gelatine and the like, have been proposed as agents on this score.
Hydrophilic colloids of this kind are not, however, generally acceptable as swelling substances in hygienic or sanitary articles of the kinds mentioned. Only in recent times has it been possible to find substances having better absorptive capacities and having in addition, the property of being substantially immune to the growth of bacteria. Thus, for example in German Patent Specification No. l,079,796 it is proposed to use, as swelling substance, carboxymethyl cellulose of which the degree of etherification is adjusted to values from 0.05 to 0.3. For the same purposes, in German Offenlegungsschrift No. 1,642,072, polyacryl amides, as well as sulphonated polystyrenes, having a specific chemical structure are recommended. Finally, it can be understood from German Offenlegungschrift No. 2,048,721 that cross-linked polymers of the polyethylene oxide type or of the polyethylene imine type are also suitable for the same purpose.
In most of these prior documents, it is proposed that the swelling substances should be in the form of powder or granulate, and that they should be accommodated either in a special bag or envelope of a material which is pcrvious to liquid, or to introduce the swelling substances into the absorbent pad in a mixture with cellulose wadding. In the aforesaid German Offenlegungschrift No. 1,642,072, it has also been proposed initially to coat a suitable liquid-pervious foil with a layer of adhesive and then to sprinkle the layer of adhesive with swelling-substance in powder form. The individual particles of the powder then stick fast by their undersides on the layer of adhesive and are thus retained in position. The flat product obtained in this way is then introduced into the absorbent layer at the side which lies downwards in use or is incorporated into the centre of the absorbent layer.
In comparison with the conventional absorbent hygienic pads containing cellulose wadding, absorbent pads containing a swelling substance have a considerably higher liquid absorption capacity. Whereas cellulose can, as a rule, absorb only about 20 grammes of water per gramme of cellulose, the liquid absorption capacity of the said swelling substances can amount to up to I50 grammes of water per gramme of swelling substances depending on the chemical nature of the substance. Added to this is the fact that the water is chemically completely adsorbed by the swelling substances and is retained by chemical combination e.g. by principal valencies. This means that the swelling substance, once it has taken up the water does not release it again, even under pressure loading or upon squeezing, which improves the utility of such substances. In contrast thereto, the water in paper or cellulose is largely retained by secondary valency forces or by capillary forces, which means there is much weaker retention so that such substances will readily give up the absorbed liquid under the effect of pressure, like a sponge.
Despite the considerable advantages which absorbent pads, laden with swelling substances, have in the hygienic or sanitary field, naturally the liquid absorptioin capacity of such pads is likewise limited. When the swelling substance has swollen to its maximum, it is saturated and can no longer absorb any further liquid which may be present. This excess liquid is stored in the pad in the conventional manner, like a sponge, by the cellulose wadding or crepe paper layers which are also present, and is yielded up again when the absorbent pad is subjected to pressure or squeezed. Such squeezing action cannot be avoided in the practical use of the absorbent pads and it therefore necessarily leads to ex' pression of liquid from the pads and to the formation of pools of liquid on the surfaces of the pads.
Having regard to this state of the prior art the problem still exists of providing a faced or enveloped absorbent pad containing a swelling substance, for hygienic purposes, the liquid retention capacity of which is improved in comparison with the known pads.
In accordance with the invention, this problem is solved in that the pad material incorporates a particulate swelling substance is arranged exclusively or additionally in one of the layers, lying at the top in use, of the absorbent body or of the envelope and in that the distribution of the particles throughout the layer of swelling substance is such that the spacing between adjacent particles is no greater than half of the particle diameter increase which occurs upon swelling of said particles. With such arrangement, upon swelling the particles coalesce, after the fashion of a jelly, and form a barrier layer which is impervious to liquid.
ln the practical use of absorbent pads constructed in this way, upon wetting of the pad the wetting liquid initially enters in the conventional manner into the absorbent pad and flows through the layer of swelling sub stance arranged at the top or largely at the top, resulting in the particles of swelling substance being moistened and slowly beginning to swell. Surplus liquid flows past the particles of swelling substance and into the absorbent layer lying therebelow, which absorbent layer consists, for example of cellulose wadding, crepe paper plies or the like.
The swelling procedure itself may last. for example, from one to five minutes depending on the fineness of grain of the swelling substance. A considerable increase in diameter of the individual particles occurs, so that these, because of their density of distribution, coalesce into a poreless liquid-impervious gel-like barrier layer. lf subsequently to the swelling a fairly severe pressure loading is imposed on the pad or the pad is squeezed locally, the liquid stored like a sponge by the absorbent layer (cellulose wadding layer or crepe paper layer) is no longer able to penetrate the barrier layer and to rewet the exterior of the absorbent pad outwardly. What is advantageous in this connection is the fact that once the chemical reaction of liquid adsorption is once initiated, the swelling proceeds initially slowly and then comparatively rapidly. Towards the end of the reaction, the speed of swelling dies away, which leads to the fact that the gel layer, even though it may have coalesced to such an extent that it will not let liquid pass through outwardly from the interior of the absorbent layer, can still take up relatively small quantities ofliquid still present on the outside of the absorbent pad or which may subsequently arise. An invalid or sanitary underlay, diaper, sanitary towel or the like, conforming to the invention therefore displays the advantageous property that it can initially absorb a relatively large quantity of liquid during which the swelling material layer correspondingly swells and coalesces despite considerable pressure loading, to form an effective sealing layer or skin with the result that the top surface of the pad becomes dry again.
It is advantageous if the swelling substance is arranged directly below the filter layer or one of the upper surface layers of the pad material, and that it should be in one or more layers itself. To this end, the swelling substance should preferably have a granulate form and be held fast, by way of example adhered, on a liquid-pervious carrier or support sheet. This carrier sheet or several of these sheets arranged one above the other in layers can then be introduced in the manufacture of the absorbent pad.
It is furthermore possible to confine the swelling substance between two layers of cellucotton (or artificial cotton) and to introduce it in this form into the absorbent pad during the manufacture. In this connection, the cellucotton acts as a support and filter layer which prevents the swelling substance from escaping from the absorbent pad.
The invention will be described further, by way ofexample, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is an enlarged diagrammatic sectional view of a preferred form of the absorbent pad material of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1, but showing the material subjected to pressure after wetting and before completion of swelling;
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing the material after swelling has taken place;
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3, but showing the material subjected to pressure loading; and
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic plan illustrating the particle distribution in the swelling substance layer in the material of FIGS. 1 to 4.
The layered absorbent pad material illustrated in the drawings comprises a plurality of superimposed layers consisting of flat areal structures or sheets, and absorbent substances. Upper surface layer 1 is in the form of a plasticsbound fibre fleece or web which imparts to the entire absorbent pad material a textilelike texture which is kind to the skin. Underneath this fleece substance layer 1 there is disposed one, or several, layers 2 of cellucotton acting as a filter layer and serving to prevent swelling substances (yet to be described). in the unswollen state, from escaping from the material, eg. as a result of rough treatment of the absorbent pad material.
Beneath the layer or layers 2 of cellucotton there is disposed one or several layers 3 of swelling substance,
which are preferably prepared as has already been described above. In this connection, the powdery or granular swelling substance (which may consist for example of polyacrylamide, sulphonated polystyrene or other suitable substance) is fixed, for example adhered, to a carrier sheet of cellucotton. Underneath the layer 3 of swelling substance there is disposed a relatively thick layer 4, which consists of one or morelaps of cellulose wadding. Crepe paper can, if desired, be incorporated into this layer; furthermore, intermediate layers of cellucotton can be present therein, those serving for example as carriers for disinfecting or deodorising substances.
Finally, arranged as lower layer 5 there are once more one or more surface layers which may also consist of cellucotton, plastics-bound fibre fleece or which may be of liquid-impervious foil, for example thin polyethylene foil.
Should the absorbent pad material be wetted, in other words if a liquid, for instance water, impinges in the direction of arrows 6 (FIG. I) on the upper surface layer 1 of the pad, this liquid is absorbed instantaneously by the pad and becomes distributed in the ab sorbent layer 4, as is indicated in FIG. I by arrows 7. Also the layer 3 of swelling substance is penetrated and the particles of swelling substance are moistened.
If, before the swelling substance of the layer 3 has swollen, the pad is subjected to pressure as indicated in FIG. 2 by the arrow 8, part of the liquid stored in the pad by the absorbent layer 4 is expelled after the manner of squeezing a sponge. This expelled liquid flows partially away from the location at which the pressure is applied, as is indicated in FIG. 2 by the arrows 9. Part of this expelled liquid will, however, as indicated by the arrows 10 in FIG. 2, penetrate the still comparatively pervious layer 3 of swelling substance and the layers 2 and 1 arranged thcreabove and flow back onto the upper surface of the absorbent pad. There it can form a pool 11, which, of course, is undesirable.
Contact of the liquid with the swelling substance layer 3 results in the particles of the swelling substance absorbing the liquid and beginning to swell. This swelling proceeds slowly at first. After a few minutes, however the reaction between the particles of swelling substance and the liquid will have progressed to such an extent that, as is shown in FIG. 3, the particles will have considerably increased in diameter. As a result, the swollen particles coalesce into a jellylike liquid impervious layer 3' (FIGS. 3 and 4) which creates a barrier for the liquid which is already present in the suction layer 4. The layer 3' of swelling substance can still absorb small quantities of liquid from above which leads to the fact that the upper fleece material layer 1 as well as the cellucotton layer 2 yield their residual liquid content to the layer 3' of swelling substance and are caused to dry out. Should the pad now be squeezed or subjected to pressure loading, as indicated in FIG. 4 by the arrow 8, the layer 3' remains liquid-impervious so that no liquid can be expressed upwards out of the absorbent layer 4, and the diaper, invalid underlay, sanitary towel or the like remains dry even if subjected to violent treatment resulting in considerable surface deformation of the pad.
The embodiment shown in the drawings is given only by way of example and variations may be made thereto. For example, it is possible to arrange the layer 3 of swelling substance not as shown above the absorbent pad layer 4, but to accommodate it within this layer, but near to its upper surface. This would be the equivalent, of course, to providing a further thin absorbent layer between the swelling substance layer 3 and the cellucotton layer 2. If the layer 3 of swelling substance were, for example, accommodated in the centre of the absorbent layer or in the latter near to its lower surface, naturally the drying and barrier effect above-discussed would not be achieved. However, this does not preclude the possibility of providing additional swelling substance layers in the centre and/or near the bottom surface of absorbent layer, over and above the layer 3 at or near the top surface of the absorbent layer 3, if this is desired and is acceptable for economic reasons.
In FIG. 5, several particles 12 of the swelling sub stance are shown, very diagrammatically, as lying sideby-side. In fact, the particles of swelling substance naturally will not be regularly-disposed as illustrated nor will they be in the form of spheres, but will be more or less non-uniformly shaped structures; the fundamental requirement for the distribution of the particles remains however,, the same. The particles 12 of swelling substance (which are shown in their non-swollen conditions in full lines) absorb water in the swelling procedure, and combine chemically therewith; as a result they increase in volume and consequently in diameter as indicated in dotted lines at 12'. An essential feature of the absorbent pad material of this invention is that the distribution of the unswollen particles ll of swelling substance is such that at no point throughout the layer is the spacing 13 of the particles 12 of swelling substance from one another greater than half the increase in diameter which occurs upon swelling thereof. Only with observance of this condition is it ensured that the particles of swelling substance coalesce tightly and thus form the liquid-impervious barrier layer 3'. Theoretically there could remain, between the coalesced particles 12, a free space which considered twodimensionally is an enveloping rectangle. but considered three-dimensionally is an enveloping octahedron. Microscopic observations show, however, that this free space in fact does not remain, but becomes filled as a result of deformation of the swollen particles, and the entire layer thus coalesces into a uniform mass.
To ensure that no liquid can be expressed from the pad when subjected to all-over pressure, or pressure applied over large areas thereof, the pad or the pad ma terial may be enveloped or faced, except at its upper surface layer, by an additional water-impervious envelope or foil.
1 claim:
1. A layered absorbent hygienic pad of joinedtogether layers comprising:
an uppermost surface layer of plastics-bound fiber fleece, a next-adjacent carrier filter sheet of cellucotton, a next-adjacent layer of granulated particulate swelling substance formed from the group consisting of polyacrylamide or sulphonated polystyrene with spacings between adjacent particles,
an absorbent layer consisting of one or more laps of cellulose wadding and being free of any swelling substance, and a lowermost surface layer of a material formed from the group consisting of a plasticsbound fiber fleece or a liquidimpervious foil with the distribution of the particles of the layer of the swelling substance being such that the spacing between adjacent particles is no greater than half of the particle diameter increase realized upon parti cle swelling.

Claims (1)

1. A LAYERED ABSORBENT HYGIENIC PAD OF JOINED-TOGETHER LAYERS COMPRISING: AN UPPER MOST SURFACE LAYER OF PLASTICS-BOUND FIBER FLEECE, A NEXT-ADJACENT CARRIER FILTER SHEET OF CELLUCOTTON A NEXTADJACENT LAYER OF GRANULATED PARTICULATE SWELLING SUBSTANCE FORMED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING POLYACRYLAMIDE OR SUPPHONATED POLYSTYRENE WITH SPACINGS BETWEEN ADJACENT PARTICLES, AN ABSORBENT LAYER CONSISTING OF ONE OR MORE LAPS OF CELLULOSE WADDING AND BEING FREE OF ANY SWELLING SUBSTANCE, AND A LOWERMOST SURFACE LAYER OF A MATERIAL FORMED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF A PLASTIC-BOUND FIBER FLEECE OR A LIQUIDIMPERVIOUS FOIL WITH THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE PARTICLES OF THE LAYER OF THE SWELLING SUBSTANCE BEING SUCH THAT THE SPACING BETWEEN ADJACENT PARTICLES IS NO GREATER THAN HALF OF THE PARTICLE DIAMETER INCREASE REALIZED UPON PARTICLE SWELLING.
US332229A 1972-02-22 1973-02-13 Layered absorbant pad material Expired - Lifetime US3888256A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2208126 1972-02-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3888256A true US3888256A (en) 1975-06-10

Family

ID=5836625

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US332229A Expired - Lifetime US3888256A (en) 1972-02-22 1973-02-13 Layered absorbant pad material

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3888256A (en)
DE (1) DE2208126B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2173047B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1400124A (en)

Cited By (64)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921232A (en) * 1974-03-29 1975-11-25 Procter & Gamble Self-inflating structure
US4054141A (en) * 1976-04-06 1977-10-18 Julius Schwaiger Absorptive material for hygienic purposes
US4055184A (en) * 1976-05-10 1977-10-25 Colgate-Palmolive Company Absorbent pad
US4055180A (en) * 1976-04-23 1977-10-25 Colgate-Palmolive Company Absorbent article with retained hydrocolloid material
US4105033A (en) * 1974-12-09 1978-08-08 Personal Products Company Powdered grafted cellulose
US4144886A (en) * 1975-10-24 1979-03-20 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Absorbent laminate
US4235237A (en) * 1978-05-08 1980-11-25 Johnson & Johnson Absorbent open network structure
US4293609A (en) * 1979-07-09 1981-10-06 The Dow Chemical Company Flexible absorbent laminates
US4297410A (en) * 1978-10-12 1981-10-27 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Absorbent material
WO1982003324A1 (en) * 1981-03-31 1982-10-14 Mitchell James G Absorbent pads,incontinence care products and methods of production
US4381784A (en) * 1981-02-17 1983-05-03 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Sanitary appliance containing blood gelling agent
US4500315A (en) * 1982-11-08 1985-02-19 Personal Products Company Superthin absorbent product
JPS6045017U (en) * 1983-09-05 1985-03-29 和商株式会社 disposable diapers
US4537590A (en) * 1982-11-08 1985-08-27 Personal Products Company Superthin absorbent product
US4540454A (en) * 1982-11-08 1985-09-10 Personal Products Company Method of forming a superthin absorbent product
US4568341A (en) * 1982-03-10 1986-02-04 James G. Mitchell Absorbent pads, incontinence care products and methods of production
US4578068A (en) * 1983-12-20 1986-03-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent laminate structure
US4600458A (en) * 1983-12-20 1986-07-15 The Procter & Gamble Co. Method of making an absorbent laminate structure
DE3719069A1 (en) * 1987-06-06 1988-12-15 Ver Papierwerke Ag Nappy pants
US4846813A (en) * 1985-09-25 1989-07-11 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Self-sealing fluid absorbent article
US4985023A (en) * 1988-05-09 1991-01-15 Dow Corning Corporation Antimicrobial superabsorbent articles
US5013309A (en) * 1989-04-24 1991-05-07 Kem-Wove Incorporated Incontinent pad with high absorbent packet
US5300104A (en) * 1992-10-20 1994-04-05 Yvon Gaudreault Thermotherapeutic pad
US5300192A (en) * 1992-08-17 1994-04-05 Weyerhaeuser Company Wet laid fiber sheet manufacturing with reactivatable binders for binding particles to fibers
US5308896A (en) * 1992-08-17 1994-05-03 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binders for high bulk fibers
US5330817A (en) * 1989-05-15 1994-07-19 Milliken Research Corporation Incontinence pad
US5352480A (en) * 1992-08-17 1994-10-04 Weyerhaeuser Company Method for binding particles to fibers using reactivatable binders
US5395359A (en) * 1991-01-25 1995-03-07 Kao Corporation Absorbent article
US5447788A (en) * 1994-05-16 1995-09-05 Kimberly Clark Corporation Porous, nonwoven liquid-activated barrier
US5538783A (en) * 1992-08-17 1996-07-23 Hansen; Michael R. Non-polymeric organic binders for binding particles to fibers
US5543215A (en) * 1992-08-17 1996-08-06 Weyerhaeuser Company Polymeric binders for binding particles to fibers
US5547541A (en) * 1992-08-17 1996-08-20 Weyerhaeuser Company Method for densifying fibers using a densifying agent
US5547745A (en) * 1992-08-17 1996-08-20 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binders
US5558655A (en) * 1994-05-03 1996-09-24 Confab, Inc. Absorbent article with dry surface composite construction
US5589256A (en) * 1992-08-17 1996-12-31 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binders that enhance fiber densification
US5641561A (en) * 1992-08-17 1997-06-24 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binding to fibers
US5677028A (en) * 1996-04-09 1997-10-14 Wearever Health Care Products, Llc Absorbent material
US5778457A (en) * 1995-12-20 1998-07-14 Intellitecs International Ltd. Hygienic panty and quick-attach pad
US5789076A (en) * 1994-02-07 1998-08-04 Showa Denko K.K. Liquid-absorbent sheet and method for storing food using the same
US5807364A (en) * 1992-08-17 1998-09-15 Weyerhaeuser Company Binder treated fibrous webs and products
US5810798A (en) * 1995-06-30 1998-09-22 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having a thin, efficient absorbent core
US5819317A (en) * 1995-12-20 1998-10-13 Intellitecs International Ltd. Infant t-shirt
US5906876A (en) * 1996-07-17 1999-05-25 Intellitecs International, Inc. Absorbent fabric and undergarments incorporating the fabric
US5998032A (en) * 1992-08-17 1999-12-07 Weyerhaeuser Company Method and compositions for enhancing blood absorbence by superabsorbent materials
US6270893B1 (en) 1989-03-20 2001-08-07 Weyerhaeuser Company Coated fiber product with adhered super absorbent particles
US6340411B1 (en) 1992-08-17 2002-01-22 Weyerhaeuser Company Fibrous product containing densifying agent
US6383960B1 (en) 1997-10-08 2002-05-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered absorbent structure
US6391453B1 (en) * 1992-08-17 2002-05-21 Weyernaeuser Company Binder treated particles
US6416697B1 (en) 1999-12-03 2002-07-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for obtaining a dual strata distribution of superabsorbent in a fibrous matrix
US6437214B1 (en) 2000-01-06 2002-08-20 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered absorbent structure with a zoned basis weight and a heterogeneous layer region
US20040033750A1 (en) * 1998-06-12 2004-02-19 Everett Rob D Layered absorbent structure with a heterogeneous layer region
US6710225B1 (en) 1998-06-15 2004-03-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered absorbent structure with a zoned basis weight
US20040058605A1 (en) * 2002-09-19 2004-03-25 Hansen Michael R. Polysaccharide treated cellulose fibers
US20050000669A1 (en) * 2003-03-14 2005-01-06 Hugh West Saccharide treated cellulose pulp sheets
US20050010183A1 (en) * 2003-06-24 2005-01-13 Weyerhaeuser Company Absorbent structure for absorbing blood
US20050031841A1 (en) * 2003-08-05 2005-02-10 Weyerhaeuser Company Attachment of superabsorbent materials to fibers using oil
US20050112979A1 (en) * 2003-11-24 2005-05-26 Sawyer Lawrence H. Integrally formed absorbent materials, products incorporating same, and methods of making same
US20050133180A1 (en) * 2003-12-19 2005-06-23 Hugh West Densification agent and oil treated cellulose fibers
US20050178518A1 (en) * 2004-02-13 2005-08-18 Hugh West Sodium sulfate treated pulp
US20060010663A1 (en) * 2004-07-17 2006-01-19 Andrew Szypka Absorbent sleeve to enclose a limb and absorb seepage from a cadaver
US20060199079A1 (en) * 2001-03-13 2006-09-07 Sony Corporation Aqueous electrolyte solution absorber and method for producing it
US7144474B1 (en) 1992-08-17 2006-12-05 Weyerhaeuser Co. Method of binding particles to binder treated fibers
US20130122242A1 (en) * 2010-11-03 2013-05-16 Dongguan Titlis Polymer Science Co., Ltd. Cellucotton Having Vertical Structure That Enables Bi-Directional Elasticity, Production Device and Method Thereof
US20160222685A1 (en) * 2015-01-31 2016-08-04 Ramshorn Corporation Concrete curing blanket

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54105894A (en) * 1978-02-07 1979-08-20 Uni Charm Corp Physiologic article
JPS5913213B2 (en) * 1979-04-28 1984-03-28 ゼンミ株式会社 sanitary napkin
CA1127059A (en) * 1979-07-09 1982-07-06 Robert E. Erickson Flexible absorbent laminates
CA1137364A (en) * 1979-07-20 1982-12-14 Yoshiji Hiraoka Water-impermeable sheet material
FR2462153A1 (en) * 1979-08-03 1981-02-13 Oreal ABSORBENT ARTICLE, IN PARTICULAR HYGIENIC TOWEL
IT1223942B (en) * 1988-11-25 1990-09-29 Faricerca Spa IMPROVED ABSORBENT ELEMENT AND ABSORBENT ITEM INCLUDING SUCH ELEMENT
FR2656794A1 (en) * 1990-01-05 1991-07-12 Peaudouce Sa Diaper with an improved absorbent pad
DE10053895C2 (en) * 2000-10-31 2003-04-10 Corovin Gmbh Disposable liquid absorbent product with additional layer
GB0224986D0 (en) 2002-10-28 2002-12-04 Smith & Nephew Apparatus
GB0325129D0 (en) 2003-10-28 2003-12-03 Smith & Nephew Apparatus in situ
US8062272B2 (en) 2004-05-21 2011-11-22 Bluesky Medical Group Incorporated Flexible reduced pressure treatment appliance
US10058642B2 (en) 2004-04-05 2018-08-28 Bluesky Medical Group Incorporated Reduced pressure treatment system
US7909805B2 (en) 2004-04-05 2011-03-22 Bluesky Medical Group Incorporated Flexible reduced pressure treatment appliance
GB0722820D0 (en) 2007-11-21 2008-01-02 Smith & Nephew Vacuum assisted wound dressing
CA2705898C (en) 2007-11-21 2020-08-25 Smith & Nephew Plc Wound dressing
JP5613566B2 (en) 2007-11-21 2014-10-22 スミス アンド ネフュー ピーエルシーSmith & Nephew Public Limited Company Wound dressing
US11253399B2 (en) 2007-12-06 2022-02-22 Smith & Nephew Plc Wound filling apparatuses and methods
US20130096518A1 (en) 2007-12-06 2013-04-18 Smith & Nephew Plc Wound filling apparatuses and methods
US9061095B2 (en) 2010-04-27 2015-06-23 Smith & Nephew Plc Wound dressing and method of use

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3344789A (en) * 1964-12-29 1967-10-03 Azur Associates Diaper with film enclosed absorbent
US3645836A (en) * 1968-09-05 1972-02-29 David Torr Water-absorption fibrous materials and method of making the same
US3664343A (en) * 1969-10-06 1972-05-23 Union Carbide Corp Disposable articles
US3669103A (en) * 1966-05-31 1972-06-13 Dow Chemical Co Absorbent product containing a hydrocelloidal composition
US3670731A (en) * 1966-05-20 1972-06-20 Johnson & Johnson Absorbent product containing a hydrocolloidal composition
US3686024A (en) * 1970-02-24 1972-08-22 Dow Chemical Co Process of making a water-absorbent coated article and resultant product

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3344789A (en) * 1964-12-29 1967-10-03 Azur Associates Diaper with film enclosed absorbent
US3670731A (en) * 1966-05-20 1972-06-20 Johnson & Johnson Absorbent product containing a hydrocolloidal composition
US3669103A (en) * 1966-05-31 1972-06-13 Dow Chemical Co Absorbent product containing a hydrocelloidal composition
US3645836A (en) * 1968-09-05 1972-02-29 David Torr Water-absorption fibrous materials and method of making the same
US3664343A (en) * 1969-10-06 1972-05-23 Union Carbide Corp Disposable articles
US3686024A (en) * 1970-02-24 1972-08-22 Dow Chemical Co Process of making a water-absorbent coated article and resultant product

Cited By (88)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921232A (en) * 1974-03-29 1975-11-25 Procter & Gamble Self-inflating structure
US4105033A (en) * 1974-12-09 1978-08-08 Personal Products Company Powdered grafted cellulose
US4144886A (en) * 1975-10-24 1979-03-20 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Absorbent laminate
US4054141A (en) * 1976-04-06 1977-10-18 Julius Schwaiger Absorptive material for hygienic purposes
US4055180A (en) * 1976-04-23 1977-10-25 Colgate-Palmolive Company Absorbent article with retained hydrocolloid material
FR2350800A1 (en) * 1976-05-10 1977-12-09 Colgate Palmolive Co ABSORBENT PAD
US4055184A (en) * 1976-05-10 1977-10-25 Colgate-Palmolive Company Absorbent pad
US4235237A (en) * 1978-05-08 1980-11-25 Johnson & Johnson Absorbent open network structure
US4297410A (en) * 1978-10-12 1981-10-27 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Absorbent material
US4293609A (en) * 1979-07-09 1981-10-06 The Dow Chemical Company Flexible absorbent laminates
US4381784A (en) * 1981-02-17 1983-05-03 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Sanitary appliance containing blood gelling agent
WO1982003324A1 (en) * 1981-03-31 1982-10-14 Mitchell James G Absorbent pads,incontinence care products and methods of production
US4568341A (en) * 1982-03-10 1986-02-04 James G. Mitchell Absorbent pads, incontinence care products and methods of production
US4500315A (en) * 1982-11-08 1985-02-19 Personal Products Company Superthin absorbent product
US4540454A (en) * 1982-11-08 1985-09-10 Personal Products Company Method of forming a superthin absorbent product
US4537590A (en) * 1982-11-08 1985-08-27 Personal Products Company Superthin absorbent product
JPS6045017U (en) * 1983-09-05 1985-03-29 和商株式会社 disposable diapers
JPS6136262Y2 (en) * 1983-09-05 1986-10-21
US4578068A (en) * 1983-12-20 1986-03-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent laminate structure
US4600458A (en) * 1983-12-20 1986-07-15 The Procter & Gamble Co. Method of making an absorbent laminate structure
US4846813A (en) * 1985-09-25 1989-07-11 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Self-sealing fluid absorbent article
DE3719069A1 (en) * 1987-06-06 1988-12-15 Ver Papierwerke Ag Nappy pants
US4985023A (en) * 1988-05-09 1991-01-15 Dow Corning Corporation Antimicrobial superabsorbent articles
US6270893B1 (en) 1989-03-20 2001-08-07 Weyerhaeuser Company Coated fiber product with adhered super absorbent particles
US5013309A (en) * 1989-04-24 1991-05-07 Kem-Wove Incorporated Incontinent pad with high absorbent packet
US5330817A (en) * 1989-05-15 1994-07-19 Milliken Research Corporation Incontinence pad
US5395359A (en) * 1991-01-25 1995-03-07 Kao Corporation Absorbent article
US5672418A (en) * 1992-08-17 1997-09-30 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binders
US5614570A (en) * 1992-08-17 1997-03-25 Weyerhaeuser Company Absorbent articles containing binder carrying high bulk fibers
US5308896A (en) * 1992-08-17 1994-05-03 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binders for high bulk fibers
US7144474B1 (en) 1992-08-17 2006-12-05 Weyerhaeuser Co. Method of binding particles to binder treated fibers
US5447977A (en) * 1992-08-17 1995-09-05 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binders for high bulk fibers
US5538783A (en) * 1992-08-17 1996-07-23 Hansen; Michael R. Non-polymeric organic binders for binding particles to fibers
US5543215A (en) * 1992-08-17 1996-08-06 Weyerhaeuser Company Polymeric binders for binding particles to fibers
US5547541A (en) * 1992-08-17 1996-08-20 Weyerhaeuser Company Method for densifying fibers using a densifying agent
US5547745A (en) * 1992-08-17 1996-08-20 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binders
US20030201051A1 (en) * 1992-08-17 2003-10-30 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binding to fibers field of the invention
US5571618A (en) * 1992-08-17 1996-11-05 Weyerhaeuser Company Reactivatable binders for binding particles to fibers
US5589256A (en) * 1992-08-17 1996-12-31 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binders that enhance fiber densification
US5607759A (en) * 1992-08-17 1997-03-04 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binding to fibers
US5609727A (en) * 1992-08-17 1997-03-11 Weyerhaeuser Company Fibrous product for binding particles
US5611885A (en) * 1992-08-17 1997-03-18 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binders
US6391453B1 (en) * 1992-08-17 2002-05-21 Weyernaeuser Company Binder treated particles
US5641561A (en) * 1992-08-17 1997-06-24 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binding to fibers
US5300192A (en) * 1992-08-17 1994-04-05 Weyerhaeuser Company Wet laid fiber sheet manufacturing with reactivatable binders for binding particles to fibers
US6627249B2 (en) 1992-08-17 2003-09-30 Weyerhaeuser Company Method of enhancing blood absorbence by superabsorbent material
US5693411A (en) * 1992-08-17 1997-12-02 Weyerhaeuser Company Binders for binding water soluble particles to fibers
US6596103B1 (en) 1992-08-17 2003-07-22 Weyerhaeuser Company Method of binding binder treated particles to fibers
US5789326A (en) * 1992-08-17 1998-08-04 Weyerhaeuser Company Particle binders
US6521339B1 (en) 1992-08-17 2003-02-18 Weyerhaeuser Company Diol treated particles combined with fibers
US5807364A (en) * 1992-08-17 1998-09-15 Weyerhaeuser Company Binder treated fibrous webs and products
US6521087B2 (en) 1992-08-17 2003-02-18 Weyerhaeuser Company Method for forming a diaper
US6461553B1 (en) 1992-08-17 2002-10-08 Weyerhaeuser Method of binding binder treated particles to fibers
US6425979B1 (en) 1992-08-17 2002-07-30 Weyerhaeuser Company Method for making superabsorbent containing diapers
US6395395B1 (en) 1992-08-17 2002-05-28 Weyerhaeuser Company Method and compositions for enhancing blood absorbence by superabsorbent materials
US5998032A (en) * 1992-08-17 1999-12-07 Weyerhaeuser Company Method and compositions for enhancing blood absorbence by superabsorbent materials
US6071549A (en) * 1992-08-17 2000-06-06 Weyerhaeuser Company Binder treated fibrous webs and products
US5352480A (en) * 1992-08-17 1994-10-04 Weyerhaeuser Company Method for binding particles to fibers using reactivatable binders
US6340411B1 (en) 1992-08-17 2002-01-22 Weyerhaeuser Company Fibrous product containing densifying agent
US5300104A (en) * 1992-10-20 1994-04-05 Yvon Gaudreault Thermotherapeutic pad
US5789076A (en) * 1994-02-07 1998-08-04 Showa Denko K.K. Liquid-absorbent sheet and method for storing food using the same
US5558655A (en) * 1994-05-03 1996-09-24 Confab, Inc. Absorbent article with dry surface composite construction
US5447788A (en) * 1994-05-16 1995-09-05 Kimberly Clark Corporation Porous, nonwoven liquid-activated barrier
US5810798A (en) * 1995-06-30 1998-09-22 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having a thin, efficient absorbent core
US5778457A (en) * 1995-12-20 1998-07-14 Intellitecs International Ltd. Hygienic panty and quick-attach pad
US5819317A (en) * 1995-12-20 1998-10-13 Intellitecs International Ltd. Infant t-shirt
US5879487A (en) * 1996-04-09 1999-03-09 Wearco Llc Absorbent material and method for making same
US5677028A (en) * 1996-04-09 1997-10-14 Wearever Health Care Products, Llc Absorbent material
US5906876A (en) * 1996-07-17 1999-05-25 Intellitecs International, Inc. Absorbent fabric and undergarments incorporating the fabric
US6383960B1 (en) 1997-10-08 2002-05-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered absorbent structure
US20040033750A1 (en) * 1998-06-12 2004-02-19 Everett Rob D Layered absorbent structure with a heterogeneous layer region
US6710225B1 (en) 1998-06-15 2004-03-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered absorbent structure with a zoned basis weight
US6416697B1 (en) 1999-12-03 2002-07-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for obtaining a dual strata distribution of superabsorbent in a fibrous matrix
US6437214B1 (en) 2000-01-06 2002-08-20 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered absorbent structure with a zoned basis weight and a heterogeneous layer region
US20060199079A1 (en) * 2001-03-13 2006-09-07 Sony Corporation Aqueous electrolyte solution absorber and method for producing it
US7838155B2 (en) * 2001-03-13 2010-11-23 Sony Corporation Aqueous electrolyte solution absorber and method for producing it
US20040058605A1 (en) * 2002-09-19 2004-03-25 Hansen Michael R. Polysaccharide treated cellulose fibers
US20050000669A1 (en) * 2003-03-14 2005-01-06 Hugh West Saccharide treated cellulose pulp sheets
US20050010183A1 (en) * 2003-06-24 2005-01-13 Weyerhaeuser Company Absorbent structure for absorbing blood
US20050031841A1 (en) * 2003-08-05 2005-02-10 Weyerhaeuser Company Attachment of superabsorbent materials to fibers using oil
US20050112979A1 (en) * 2003-11-24 2005-05-26 Sawyer Lawrence H. Integrally formed absorbent materials, products incorporating same, and methods of making same
US20050133180A1 (en) * 2003-12-19 2005-06-23 Hugh West Densification agent and oil treated cellulose fibers
US20050178518A1 (en) * 2004-02-13 2005-08-18 Hugh West Sodium sulfate treated pulp
US20070107862A1 (en) * 2004-02-13 2007-05-17 Weyerhaeuser Co. Sodium sulfate treated pulp
US20060010663A1 (en) * 2004-07-17 2006-01-19 Andrew Szypka Absorbent sleeve to enclose a limb and absorb seepage from a cadaver
US20130122242A1 (en) * 2010-11-03 2013-05-16 Dongguan Titlis Polymer Science Co., Ltd. Cellucotton Having Vertical Structure That Enables Bi-Directional Elasticity, Production Device and Method Thereof
US20160222685A1 (en) * 2015-01-31 2016-08-04 Ramshorn Corporation Concrete curing blanket
US9739068B2 (en) * 2015-01-31 2017-08-22 Ramshorn Corporation Concrete curing blanket

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2173047B1 (en) 1978-10-20
FR2173047A1 (en) 1973-10-05
DE2208126B1 (en) 1973-07-05
GB1400124A (en) 1975-07-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3888256A (en) Layered absorbant pad material
KR100376944B1 (en) Stratified absorbent structure, absorbent article comprising the structure and method of manufacturing the same
US4360021A (en) Absorbent article
US3888257A (en) Disposable absorbent articles
EP0309187B1 (en) Immobilizing particulate absorbents by conversion to hydrates
JP3020989B2 (en) Absorbable element
DE3145399C2 (en)
DE3145400C2 (en)
US3903889A (en) Disposable liquid absorbent products
EP0222585B2 (en) An absorbent article having liquid impervious shelves
US3528421A (en) Disposable absorbent underpad or the like
RU96102018A (en) ABSORBING FILLER AND CONTAINING ITS ABSORBING PRODUCT
US5262223A (en) Absorbent element and an absorbent article including the element
JPH0744939B2 (en) Absorbent product having a moisture-insensitive elastic shaping member
HU215810B (en) Absorbent articles containing superabsorbent material which has a delayed activation time
PT100369B (en) ABSORBENT STRUCTURES CONTAINING SPECIFIED DISTRIBUTIONS OF SIZE OF PARTICLES OF SUPERABSORVENT MATERIALS HYDROGEL FORMERS
JPH0811122B2 (en) Absorbent product with expandable variation
US4087506A (en) Method of producing a fluid absorbent web
HU221692B1 (en) Absorbent structure and absorbent napkin
JPH09507135A (en) Absorber in absorbent products
JPH07506030A (en) Absorbent material for absorbent articles
CZ288816B6 (en) Absorption body intended to form absorption element of an absorption article
NO162214B (en) EVEN urination CUSHION.
CA2041119C (en) An improved absorbent element incorporating a hydrogelling absorbent material and an absorbent article including the element
GB2055297A (en) Absorbent article, in particular sanitary towel