US3874377A - Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation - Google Patents

Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3874377A
US3874377A US476955A US47695574A US3874377A US 3874377 A US3874377 A US 3874377A US 476955 A US476955 A US 476955A US 47695574 A US47695574 A US 47695574A US 3874377 A US3874377 A US 3874377A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
sleeve
adapter
openings
tubular body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US476955A
Inventor
Kenneth L Davidson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US476955A priority Critical patent/US3874377A/en
Priority to US05/542,212 priority patent/US3948255A/en
Priority to GB5901/75A priority patent/GB1495648A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3874377A publication Critical patent/US3874377A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0048—Mouth-to-mouth respiration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0402—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for
    • A61M16/0409—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for with mean for closing the oesophagus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0402—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for
    • A61M16/0415—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for with access means to the stomach
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Apparatus for use in artificial respiration and the like comprising an elongated tubular body having a flexible inner end portion adapted for insertion in the esophagus or trachea of a patient and an outer end portion for connection to a source of fluid. An inflatable cuff is carried at the inner end portion.
  • the upper end portion of the tubular body includes an adaptor, a seal for the lumen of the tubular body carried by the adaptor and a plurality of closable openings spaced in the upper portion between the seal and the outer end of the tubular body.
  • the lumen of the tubular body is sealed to prevent the flow of fluids between the upper portion and lower portion of the tubular body.
  • the openings in the upper portion are open to permit the flow of fluid therethrough into the patients trachea and lungs.
  • the openings in the upper portion are closed, and the lumen of the tubular body is open to provide fluid communication through the tubular body.
  • This invention relates to apparatus for the introduction of fluids such as air, oxygen, anesthetics and the like into a patients lungs and more particularly to a tubular body adapted for both endotracheal and esophageal intubation.
  • Intubation devices ordinarily include an elongated flexible tubular body and an inflatable cuff is normally provided on a portion of the tube which is inserted in the patients trachea to provide a seal between the tracheal lining and the walls of the tube.
  • the end of the tube opposite the inserted end is adapted for connection to suitable apparatus for the introduction of air, oxygen, anesthetic or the like. Examples of such devices are disclosed in US. Pat. Nos. 3,460,541, Doherty and 3,599,642, Tindel.
  • Such endotracheal devices although successful in maintaining an open airway for the patient can be difficult to insert, particularly in case of an emergency, and normally require the services of a highly skilled person for proper insertion of the device without injuring the patient.
  • a second type of intubation device has been used, particularly in emergency situations where prompt administration of artificial respiration is critical.
  • Such devices are elongated tubular bodies which are designed to be inserted into the patients esophagus and which are provided with a plurality of openings spaced on the upper portion of the tubular body for fluid communication with the patients respiratory passage.
  • the use of such a device ordinarily results in the inflation of the patients stomach which can result in the flow of stomach contents back up through the tube.
  • Such counterflow of stomach contents is both unpleasant to a person administering artificial respiration and is also dangerous to the patient since some of the stomach fluids may enter the respiratory passages and eventually the lungs of the patient.
  • apparatus designed for esophageal intubulation can be sealed at the inner end to prevent inflation of the stomach with air, oxygen or the like and to prevent the counterflow of stomach fluids up through the tube.
  • An example of such a device is disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,683,908 Don Michael, et a1.
  • endotracheal intubation is preferred over esophageal intubation as being the most efficient method for introduction of fluids into the patients lungs.
  • esophageal intubation is utilized since it is quicker and easier to insert a tube into the patients esophagus without risk of serious injury to the patient.
  • the present invention resides in apparatus which is readily adapted for use both in endotracheal and esophageal intubation procedures.
  • the apparatus is quickly and easily modified to operate either as an esophageal intubation device or endotracheal intubation device depending on whichever procedure is indicated under the circumstances.
  • the apparatus of the present invention comprises an elongated tubular body having open ends and a throughrunning lumen.
  • the tubular body further defines a flexible, lower end portion for insertion in the patients esophagus or trachea and an upper end portion which includes an adapter for connection of the tubular body to a source of fluid.
  • An inflatable cuff is positioned about the tubular body at the lower portion thereof. As is standard practice, the cuff is inflated after insertion of the lower portion of the tubular body in the patients esophagus or trachea to provide a seal with the walls of the esophagus or trachea.
  • the adapter is partially inserted in the flexible tube and the inserted end thereof is; modified for selectively sealing the lumen of the tubular body when the apparatus is in the esophageal intubation mode and the opposite, extending end of the adapter defines the outer end of the tubular body for connection to a source of fluid.
  • At least one open discharge port is located at the outer end portion of the tubular body in spaced relation with the seal when the apparatus is in the esophageal mode.
  • the seal In the endotracheal mode the seal is removed from the lumen and the discharge port closed for direct fluid communication between the ends of the tubular body.
  • the apparatus is in the endotracheal mode with the lumen unsealed to provide an unrestricted airway in order to avoid the risk of unintentionally blocking the patients airway.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the apparatus of the present invention partially in solid line and partially in broken line inserted in the esophagus of a patient as employed in esophageal intubation;
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view, partially in section and partially broken away for compactness of illustration, of the apparatus of the present invention in the esophageal intubation mode;
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation, partially broken away and partially in section, showing another embodiment of an adapter for use in the apparatus of the present invention for adapting the apparatus for esophageal intubation;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken through line 4-4 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of another adapter used in the apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a top sectional view taken through line 6-6 of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a top sectional view taken through line 77 of FIG. 5.
  • the invention is embodied in apparatus, indicated generally as 11, for endotracheal and esophageal intubation comprising a tube 12 having a throughrunning lumen and defining a flexible inner portion 13 adapted for insertion in the trachea or esophagus of a patient and an outer portion 14 adapted for connection to a source of air, oxygen, anesthetic and the like.
  • the outer portion 14 includes an adapter 16 which is inserted part way in the tube 12 and which extends beyond the end of the tube to define an open outer end 17 for connection to a source of fluid.
  • the adapter 16 is modified for sealing the tube in the esophageal mode.
  • At least one discharge opening 18 is located in the outer portion 14 of the tube 12 for fluid communication between the source of fluid and the respiratory tract of the patient when the apparatus is in the esophageal mode.
  • the wall of the upper portion 14 is made continuous, such as by means carried on the upper portion of the tube for closing the opening 18 to provide fluid communication through 'the entire length of the lumen of the tube when the apparatus is in the endotracheal mode.
  • the apparatus of the present invention is shown in the esophageal mode with the inner portion 13 of the tube 12 inserted in the esophagus and with the outer end portion 14 extending through the mouth and lips of the patient to a source of air, in this case an operator 19 applying artificial respiration.
  • the tube 12 is open-ended and flexible with the lumen 15 unrestricted along the length of the tube.
  • the adapter 16 is inserted part way in one end of the tube 12 so that a portion of the adapter is contained in the lumen 15.
  • the part of the tube containing the adapter and the adapter itself comprise the outer portion 14 and the remaining part of the tube comprises the flexible inner portion 13 adapted to be inserted in the esophagus or the trachea of the patient.
  • the end of the lower portion is biased, as at 19, as an aid in inserting the tube.
  • a resilient cuff 21 surrounds the tube 12 adjacent the end of the inner portion 13.
  • the cuff is bonded to the tube 12 at its edges 22 to provide a chamber 23 between the inner surface of the cuff and the underlying outer surface of the tube.
  • a duct 12' extends along a side wall of the tube 12 between the outer portion 14 and the inner portion 13 of the tube and communicates at one end with the chamber 23 and at its opposite end with a small air tube 24 and a bulb 26 provided with a removable plug 27 for holding the necessary pressure to maintain the cuff in an inflated condition and removable for inflating and deflating the cuff.
  • the adapter 16 is removably inserted in the tube 12 and includes a cylindrical extending portion 28, the open outer end of which defines the outer end 17 of the apparatus 11 for connection to a source of fluid.
  • a gripping ring 29 is provided on the exterior surface of the cylindrical portion 28 as an aid for inserting and removing the adapter.
  • a face mask 31 may be integrally formed on the cylindrical portion 28 of the adapter or may be removably clamped thereon, such as by a clamp 32 and screws 33.
  • the opposite end of the adapter carried within the tube is closed and defines an enlarged bulbous plug 34 which is sized so as to provide a fluid tight seal with the walls of the tube 12.
  • Elongated slots 36 are provided in the wall of the portion of the adapter 16 extending within the tube 12 for communication between the interior of the adapter 16 and the lumen 15 of the tube.
  • the portion of the adapter 16 carried within the tube 12 is preferably curved so, in combination with the tube, the outer portion 14 conforms to the anatomy of the patient.
  • the wall of the tube 12 at the outer portion 14 is provided with a plurality of apertures defining the discharge openings 18.
  • the discharge openings 18 are in spaced relation with the outer end 17 of the apparatus 11 so as to be located between the outer end and the plug 34 when the apparatus is in the esophageal mode.
  • a sliding sleeve 37 surrounds the tube 12 in the area of the discharge openings 18 and upper and lower containing rings 38 and 39 define the limits of travel for the sleeve so that in one position, the openings are closed by the sleeve and in another position the openings are unrestricted by the sleeve.
  • the inner portion 13 of the tube 12 is inserted orally or nasally into the patients esophagus or trachea.
  • the inflatable cuff 21 is deflated and the lumen 15 of the tube 12 is open so that at no time during the insertion procedure is the patients airway blocked.
  • the sleeve 37 is moved downwardly against the lower retaining ring 39 to seal the discharge openings 18 in the wall of the tube so that the flow of fluid is through the lumen 15.
  • a conventional, open ended, cylindrical adapter, not shown, is inserted in the end of the tube for connection to a source of fluid.
  • the inflatable cuff 21 is inflated to provide a seal with the walls of the trachea to prevent the passage of fluids between the external walls of the tube and the walls of the trachea and to aid in retaining the tube in place.
  • the insertion of the tube 12 is as described above except that it is inserted in the esophagus rather than the trachea of the patient.
  • the cuff 21 is inflated and the sleeve 37 is moved up against the upper retaining ring 38 so as to open the discharge openings 18.
  • the adapter 16 is inserted in the upper end of the tube 12 so that the plug 34 is disposed beyond the openings 18 and fluids are introduced to the patients lungs through the outer end 17, the outlet openings 18 and the trachea.
  • the face mask 31 is preferably fitted snugly around the nose and mouth area of the patients face, to prevent the escape of fluid through the nostrils or mouth during the inhalation step.
  • the apparatus 11 be utilized in conjunction with the face mask 31 when utilizing the apparatus in the esophageal mode.
  • the discharge openings 18 be disposed within the patients mouth and throat region and excellent results are achieved when the discharge openings are located exteriorly of the tube 12 rather than in the walls of the tube.
  • the adapter 16 comprises a cylindrical portion 42 and a tapered portion 43 adapted to be inserted part way in the end of the tube 12.
  • a plurality of slots 44 are provided around the periphery of the adapter wall and normally open exteriorly of the tube 12 to the interior of the face mask, not shown.
  • a bottom wall 46 seals the bore of the adapter 41 and cooperates with the walls of the tube 12 surrounding the tapered portion 43 of the adapter to seal the lumen of the tube. Excellent fluid communication between the discharge slots 44 and the respiratory passage of the patient is achieved and the danger that all or a portion of the discharge slots will be blocked, as might be the case when the discharge openings are located in the patients mouth and throat region, is avoided.
  • the adapter 16 is necessary to insert the adapter 16 after insertion of the inner portion 13 into the esophagus so as to avoid sealing the lumen 15 prior to initiation of the esophageal intubation procedure. Also, when utilizing the apparatus 11 of the present invention for endotracheal intubation, it is preferred practice to insert a conventional adapter in the tube, although the tube may be used alone without an adapter. In another embodiment of the present invention the adapter 16 is modified for use both as an adapter for endotracheal intubation and for esophageal intubation eliminating the necessity of exchanging adapters.
  • the adapter 16" comprises an outer sleeve 47 having a cylindrical portion 48 and a tapered portion 49 adapted for part way insertion into the tube, not shown.
  • a flange 51 is disposed adjacent the end of the outer sleeve 47 carried within the tube and extends normally inwardly to block a portion of the bore of the sleeve 47 to define an eccentrically disposed opening 52.
  • a plurality of discharge slots 53 are disposed about the periphery of the outer sleeve 47.
  • the outer sleeve 47 may be formed integrally with the tube as it is not necessary that the adapter 16 be removable in this embodiment of the invention.
  • An inner sleeve 54 conforming substantially to the dimensions of the bore of the outer sleeve, is rotatably positioned within the outer sleeve and the bore of the inner sleeve defines the bore of the adapter 16'.
  • An 0- ring or other suitable sealing means may be disposed between the inner sleeve 54 and the bore of the outer sleeve 47 to provide a fluid tight seal therebetween.
  • One end of the inner sleeve 54 terminates adjacent the flange 51 of the outer sleeve 47 and a portion 57 of the wall of the inner sleeve is inwardly biased to form a member blocking a portion of the bore of the inner sleeve and to define a restricted, eccentrically disposed opening 58 at the end of the inner sleeve adjacent the flange 51 of the outer sleeve 47.
  • a bottom surface 60 is defined by the inwardly biased wall portion 57 and the bottom surface is contiguous with the upper surface of the flange 51 in one position and is disposed across the opening 52 when the inner sleeve 54 is rotated.
  • the opposite end 58 of the inner sleeve 54 extends beyond the outer sleeve 47 to provide a gripping surface for rotating the inner sleeve and a point of connection of the adapter to a source of fluid.
  • a plurality of openings 59 are provided in the periphery of the inner sleeve 54.
  • the openings 59 are longitudinally aligned with the discharge slots 53 and radially positioned for alignment to providefluid communication through the discharge slots 53 and for misalignment to close the discharge slots 53 when the inner sleeve 54 is rotated.
  • the inner sleeve 54 is restrained from longitudinal movement within the outer sleeve 47 by a retainer ring 61 formed on the outer surface of the inner sleeve which is snap fitted into an annular recess 62 formed in the wall of the outer sleeve. Rotation of the inner sleeve 54 is limited by an inwardly extending pin 63 carried on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 47 which is received in a peripheral guide slot 64 formed on the outer Wall surface of the inner sleeve so that rotation of the inner sleeve is permitted only between a first position and a second position.
  • the adapter 16" is the endotracheal mode with the openings 52 and S8 aligned so that the bore of the adapter 16 is unsealed and the discharge slots 53 and openings 59 misaligned and thereby closed.
  • the adapter 16" is placed in the esophageal mode with the openings 52 and 58 misaligned and the bottom surface of the inwardly sloped wall portion 57 of the inner sleeve 54 cooperating with the flange 51 of the outer sleeve 47 to seal the bore of the adapter 16.
  • the discharge slots 53 of the outer sleeve 47 and the openings 56 of the inner sleeve 54 are radially aligned so as to permit fluid communication from the bore of the adapter to the respiratory passages of the patient in the manner previously described.
  • a face mask is carried by the extending portion of the outer sleeve.
  • the apparatus of the present invention is readily adapted to operate in endotracheal and esophageal intubation, depending on the circumstances of the patient and the skill and choice of the person performing the intubation.
  • the patients airway is never closed, thereby avoiding the risk of asphyxiation during the insertion procedure, particularly where the operator is not highly skilled.
  • the reverse flow of fluids through the lumen of the tube is prevented by the seal carried by the adapter and the danger of aspiration of stomach fluids into the lungs is avoided.
  • stomach contents Prior to removal of the tube, stomach contents can be readily removed by insertion of a suction catheter through the tubular body into the stomach.
  • the same apparatus is readily used for endotracheal intubation thereby eliminating the necessity of stocking more than one type of intubation apparatus.
  • the materials of construction of the apparatus of the present invention are those conventionally used for conventional esophageal and endotracheal intubators.
  • the apparatus of the present invention can be constructed so as to be sterilizable and reusable or can be constructed so as to be disposable after a single use.
  • Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation comprising:
  • tubular body having an open outer and open inner end, said tubular body defining an upper portion and a flexible lower portion and a lumen extending between said outer and inner ends;
  • said apparatus is adapted for endotracheal intubation when said lumen is open for fluid communication between said outer end and said inner end and said apparatus is adapted for esophageal intubation when said lumen is sealed and adapted for fluid communication between said outer end and the exterior of said upper portion.
  • said means carried about said lower portion of said tubular body comprises an inflatable member in spaced relation with said lower end for inflation within a body canal to form a seal with the walls thereof.
  • tubular body comprises:
  • tubular adapter a portion thereof being received in one end of said tube, said adapter and tube portion receiving said adapter defining said upper portion of said tubular body and the remaining portion of said tube defining said flexible lower portion of said tubular body.
  • the apparatus as defined in claim 4 further includa plurality of discharge openings in the walls of said tube portion receiving said adapter, said openings being in spaced relation with said end portion of said adapter forming said sealing means;
  • the wall of said portion of said adapter received in said lumen of said tube being provided with at least one opening for fluid communication between said open outer end and said discharge openings;
  • said means for selectively closing said discharge openings comprises a sleeve slidably carried on said upper portion for movement between a withdrawn position wherein said discharge openings are unrestricted and a second position overlying said discharge openings thereby to close them.
  • said adapter comprises:
  • first sleeve having an inner and outer end, the inner end thereof communicating with said lumen of said tube and being provided with a flange extending across a portion of the opening between said first sleeve and said lumen of said tube;
  • a second sleeve having an outside diameter substantially equal to the inside diameter of said first sleeve rotatably carried within said first sleeve for rotation between a first and a second position, said second sleeve having an end co-terminus with said inner end of said first sleeve;
  • said second sleeve interior defining the bore of said adapter, an interior wall portion adjacent said coterminus end being biased inwardly with respect to the longitudinal axis of said second sleeve in a direction toward said co-terminus end, said inwardly biased wall portion cooperating with said flange of said first sleeve to seal said lumen of said tube when said second sleeve is rotated into said first position and to open said lumen when rotated into said second position;
  • Apparatus for esophageal intubation comprising:
  • a flexible elongated tube adapted for insertion in the esophagus and having an outer end and an inner end;
  • an adapter having an open end, a closed end and a bore extending therebetween being removably inserted in said outer end of said tube so that said closed end and a portion of said adapter adjacent said closed end are disposed within said tube;
  • said closed end of said adapter defining a seal for said tube to prevent fluid flow between said outer and inner ends of said tube;
  • the apparatus of claim 11 further including a sleeve slidably carried on said tube and movable between position on said tube overlying and closing said openings and a position on said tube wherein said openings are unobstructed.
  • Apparatus for esophageal intubation comprising:
  • a flexible elongated tube adapted for insertion in the esophagus and having an outer end and an inner end;
  • an adapter having an open end, a closed end and a bore extending therebetween being removably inserted in said outer end of said tube so that said closed end and a portion of said adapter adjacent said closed end are disposed in said tube and the remaining portion of said adapter extends beyond said outer end of said tube;
  • Apparatus for esophageal intubation comprising: a flexible elongated tube adapted for insertion in the esophagus and having an outer end and an inner end;
  • an adapter having an open end, a sealable inner end and a bore extending therebetween being connected at said inner end to said outer end of said tube, at least a portion of said adapter extending beyond said outer end of said tube, a mask for covering the nose and mouth. of a patient carried by said extending portion;
  • said adapter further including a first sleeve defining a bore and an inner end, a flange adjacent said inner end extending normal to said bore and blocking a portion thereof to define a restricted, eccentrically disposed opening between said bore and said lumen of said tube, and a plurality of radially spaced openings disposed about the periphery of said first sleeve in spaced relation between said mask and said outer end of said tube;
  • a second sleeve co-axially mounted in said first sleeve for rotation between a first position and a second portion, said second sleeve having a bore, one end substantially co-terminus with said flange of said first sleeve and an interior wall portion adjacent said co-terminus end biased inwardly with respect to the longitudinal axis of said second sleeve in a direction toward said co-terminus end to define an eccentrically disposed opening at said co-terminus end of said second sleeve, a plurality of openings disposed about the periphery of said second sleeve in longitudinal alignment with said openings of said first sleeve and spaced for radial alignment therewith when said second sleeve is in said first position and for misalignment when said inner sleeve is in said second position, whereby in said first position said eccentrically disposed openings at the ends of said first and second sleeves are misaligned, said flange of said first sleeve

Abstract

Apparatus for use in artificial respiration and the like, comprising an elongated tubular body having a flexible inner end portion adapted for insertion in the esophagus or trachea of a patient and an outer end portion for connection to a source of fluid. An inflatable cuff is carried at the inner end portion. The upper end portion of the tubular body includes an adaptor, a seal for the lumen of the tubular body carried by the adaptor and a plurality of closable openings spaced in the upper portion between the seal and the outer end of the tubular body. In the esophageal mode, the lumen of the tubular body is sealed to prevent the flow of fluids between the upper portion and lower portion of the tubular body. The openings in the upper portion are open to permit the flow of fluid therethrough into the patient''s trachea and lungs. In the tracheal mode, the openings in the upper portion are closed, and the lumen of the tubular body is open to provide fluid communication through the tubular body.

Description

United States Patent [191 Davidson Apr. 1, 1975 1 APPARATUS FOR ENDOTRACHEAL AND ESOPHAGEAL INTUBATION [76] Inventor: Kenneth L. Davidson, 12735 11th Ave., Victorville, Calif. 92392 [22] Filed: June 6, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 476,955
[52] US. Cl l28/l45.5, 128/351, l28/DIG. 9 [51] Int. Cl A61m 16/00 [58] Field of Search 128/1455, 145.6, 145.7,
128/1458, 351, 349 B, 349 BV, 350 R, 350 V, DIG. 9, 208, 209, 210
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,683,908 8/1972 Don Michael 128/351 Primary E.\'aminerRichard A. Gaudet Assistant ExuminerHenry J. Recla Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Fulwider Patton Rieber Lee & Utecht [57] ABSTRACT Apparatus for use in artificial respiration and the like, comprising an elongated tubular body having a flexible inner end portion adapted for insertion in the esophagus or trachea of a patient and an outer end portion for connection to a source of fluid. An inflatable cuff is carried at the inner end portion. The upper end portion of the tubular body includes an adaptor, a seal for the lumen of the tubular body carried by the adaptor and a plurality of closable openings spaced in the upper portion between the seal and the outer end of the tubular body. In the: esophageal mode, the lumen of the tubular body is sealed to prevent the flow of fluids between the upper portion and lower portion of the tubular body. The openings in the upper portion are open to permit the flow of fluid therethrough into the patients trachea and lungs. In the tracheal mode, the openings in the upper portion are closed, and the lumen of the tubular body is open to provide fluid communication through the tubular body.
14 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures APPARATUS FOR ENDOTRACHEAL AND ESOPHAGEAL INTUBATION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to apparatus for the introduction of fluids such as air, oxygen, anesthetics and the like into a patients lungs and more particularly to a tubular body adapted for both endotracheal and esophageal intubation.
It is often necessary or desirable in surgical procedures and the like to control the patients breathing by intubation of the patients trachea for the introduction of air, oxygen or anesthetic into the patients respiratory system. Intubation devices ordinarily include an elongated flexible tubular body and an inflatable cuff is normally provided on a portion of the tube which is inserted in the patients trachea to provide a seal between the tracheal lining and the walls of the tube. The end of the tube opposite the inserted end is adapted for connection to suitable apparatus for the introduction of air, oxygen, anesthetic or the like. Examples of such devices are disclosed in US. Pat. Nos. 3,460,541, Doherty and 3,599,642, Tindel. Such endotracheal devices, although successful in maintaining an open airway for the patient can be difficult to insert, particularly in case of an emergency, and normally require the services of a highly skilled person for proper insertion of the device without injuring the patient.
A second type of intubation device has been used, particularly in emergency situations where prompt administration of artificial respiration is critical. Such devices are elongated tubular bodies which are designed to be inserted into the patients esophagus and which are provided with a plurality of openings spaced on the upper portion of the tubular body for fluid communication with the patients respiratory passage. The use of such a device ordinarily results in the inflation of the patients stomach which can result in the flow of stomach contents back up through the tube. Such counterflow of stomach contents is both unpleasant to a person administering artificial respiration and is also dangerous to the patient since some of the stomach fluids may enter the respiratory passages and eventually the lungs of the patient. To avoid this, apparatus designed for esophageal intubulation can be sealed at the inner end to prevent inflation of the stomach with air, oxygen or the like and to prevent the counterflow of stomach fluids up through the tube. An example of such a device is disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,683,908 Don Michael, et a1.
Generally speaking, and circumstances permitting, endotracheal intubation is preferred over esophageal intubation as being the most efficient method for introduction of fluids into the patients lungs. However, where time does not permit, or where skilled personnel are not available, esophageal intubation is utilized since it is quicker and easier to insert a tube into the patients esophagus without risk of serious injury to the patient.
From the above discussion it can be seen that it is necessary for a hospital and/or emergency facilities such as fire departments and the like, to stock both endotracheal and esophageal intubation tubes in order to be prepared for the eventuality that one or the other procedure will be required for the proper treatment of the patient. This unduly multiplies the number and type of intubation devices required to be on hand and adds to the expense of hospital and emergency facility operations. Also, in connection with esophageal intubation, in approximately 20 percent of esophageal insertions the tube will accidently enter the trachea resulting in a blockage of the patients airway, if a conventionally sealed tube is being used.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention resides in apparatus which is readily adapted for use both in endotracheal and esophageal intubation procedures. In accordance with the present invention, the apparatus is quickly and easily modified to operate either as an esophageal intubation device or endotracheal intubation device depending on whichever procedure is indicated under the circumstances.
More particularly, the apparatus of the present invention comprises an elongated tubular body having open ends and a throughrunning lumen. The tubular body further defines a flexible, lower end portion for insertion in the patients esophagus or trachea and an upper end portion which includes an adapter for connection of the tubular body to a source of fluid.
An inflatable cuff is positioned about the tubular body at the lower portion thereof. As is standard practice, the cuff is inflated after insertion of the lower portion of the tubular body in the patients esophagus or trachea to provide a seal with the walls of the esophagus or trachea.
The adapter is partially inserted in the flexible tube and the inserted end thereof is; modified for selectively sealing the lumen of the tubular body when the apparatus is in the esophageal intubation mode and the opposite, extending end of the adapter defines the outer end of the tubular body for connection to a source of fluid. At least one open discharge port is located at the outer end portion of the tubular body in spaced relation with the seal when the apparatus is in the esophageal mode.
In the endotracheal mode the seal is removed from the lumen and the discharge port closed for direct fluid communication between the ends of the tubular body. During the insertion procedure, particularly into the esophagus, the apparatus is in the endotracheal mode with the lumen unsealed to provide an unrestricted airway in order to avoid the risk of unintentionally blocking the patients airway.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 illustrates the apparatus of the present invention partially in solid line and partially in broken line inserted in the esophagus of a patient as employed in esophageal intubation;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view, partially in section and partially broken away for compactness of illustration, of the apparatus of the present invention in the esophageal intubation mode;
FIG. 3 is a side elevation, partially broken away and partially in section, showing another embodiment of an adapter for use in the apparatus of the present invention for adapting the apparatus for esophageal intubation;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken through line 4-4 of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of another adapter used in the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top sectional view taken through line 6-6 of FIG. 5; and
FIG. 7 is a top sectional view taken through line 77 of FIG. 5.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION As illustrated in the drawings, the invention is embodied in apparatus, indicated generally as 11, for endotracheal and esophageal intubation comprising a tube 12 having a throughrunning lumen and defining a flexible inner portion 13 adapted for insertion in the trachea or esophagus of a patient and an outer portion 14 adapted for connection to a source of air, oxygen, anesthetic and the like. The outer portion 14 includes an adapter 16 which is inserted part way in the tube 12 and which extends beyond the end of the tube to define an open outer end 17 for connection to a source of fluid. The adapter 16 is modified for sealing the tube in the esophageal mode. At least one discharge opening 18 is located in the outer portion 14 of the tube 12 for fluid communication between the source of fluid and the respiratory tract of the patient when the apparatus is in the esophageal mode. When the lumen 15 of the tube 12 is open, the wall of the upper portion 14 is made continuous, such as by means carried on the upper portion of the tube for closing the opening 18 to provide fluid communication through 'the entire length of the lumen of the tube when the apparatus is in the endotracheal mode.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the apparatus of the present invention is shown in the esophageal mode with the inner portion 13 of the tube 12 inserted in the esophagus and with the outer end portion 14 extending through the mouth and lips of the patient to a source of air, in this case an operator 19 applying artificial respiration.
As is more specifically shown in FIG. 2, the tube 12 is open-ended and flexible with the lumen 15 unrestricted along the length of the tube. The adapter 16 is inserted part way in one end of the tube 12 so that a portion of the adapter is contained in the lumen 15. The part of the tube containing the adapter and the adapter itself comprise the outer portion 14 and the remaining part of the tube comprises the flexible inner portion 13 adapted to be inserted in the esophagus or the trachea of the patient. The end of the lower portion is biased, as at 19, as an aid in inserting the tube.
A resilient cuff 21 surrounds the tube 12 adjacent the end of the inner portion 13. The cuff is bonded to the tube 12 at its edges 22 to provide a chamber 23 between the inner surface of the cuff and the underlying outer surface of the tube. A duct 12' extends along a side wall of the tube 12 between the outer portion 14 and the inner portion 13 of the tube and communicates at one end with the chamber 23 and at its opposite end with a small air tube 24 and a bulb 26 provided with a removable plug 27 for holding the necessary pressure to maintain the cuff in an inflated condition and removable for inflating and deflating the cuff.
The adapter 16 is removably inserted in the tube 12 and includes a cylindrical extending portion 28, the open outer end of which defines the outer end 17 of the apparatus 11 for connection to a source of fluid. A gripping ring 29 is provided on the exterior surface of the cylindrical portion 28 as an aid for inserting and removing the adapter. A face mask 31 may be integrally formed on the cylindrical portion 28 of the adapter or may be removably clamped thereon, such as by a clamp 32 and screws 33.
The opposite end of the adapter carried within the tube is closed and defines an enlarged bulbous plug 34 which is sized so as to provide a fluid tight seal with the walls of the tube 12. Elongated slots 36 are provided in the wall of the portion of the adapter 16 extending within the tube 12 for communication between the interior of the adapter 16 and the lumen 15 of the tube. The portion of the adapter 16 carried within the tube 12 is preferably curved so, in combination with the tube, the outer portion 14 conforms to the anatomy of the patient.
The wall of the tube 12 at the outer portion 14 is provided with a plurality of apertures defining the discharge openings 18. The discharge openings 18 are in spaced relation with the outer end 17 of the apparatus 11 so as to be located between the outer end and the plug 34 when the apparatus is in the esophageal mode. A sliding sleeve 37 surrounds the tube 12 in the area of the discharge openings 18 and upper and lower containing rings 38 and 39 define the limits of travel for the sleeve so that in one position, the openings are closed by the sleeve and in another position the openings are unrestricted by the sleeve.
In operation the inner portion 13 of the tube 12 is inserted orally or nasally into the patients esophagus or trachea. During the insertion procedure, the inflatable cuff 21 is deflated and the lumen 15 of the tube 12 is open so that at no time during the insertion procedure is the patients airway blocked. When the tube 12 is inserted in the trachea, the sleeve 37 is moved downwardly against the lower retaining ring 39 to seal the discharge openings 18 in the wall of the tube so that the flow of fluid is through the lumen 15. A conventional, open ended, cylindrical adapter, not shown, is inserted in the end of the tube for connection to a source of fluid. The inflatable cuff 21 is inflated to provide a seal with the walls of the trachea to prevent the passage of fluids between the external walls of the tube and the walls of the trachea and to aid in retaining the tube in place.
When utilized in the esophageal mode, the insertion of the tube 12 is as described above except that it is inserted in the esophagus rather than the trachea of the patient. Once inserted in the esophagus, the cuff 21 is inflated and the sleeve 37 is moved up against the upper retaining ring 38 so as to open the discharge openings 18. The adapter 16 is inserted in the upper end of the tube 12 so that the plug 34 is disposed beyond the openings 18 and fluids are introduced to the patients lungs through the outer end 17, the outlet openings 18 and the trachea. The face mask 31, is preferably fitted snugly around the nose and mouth area of the patients face, to prevent the escape of fluid through the nostrils or mouth during the inhalation step.
It is highly preferred that the apparatus 11 be utilized in conjunction with the face mask 31 when utilizing the apparatus in the esophageal mode. When so used, it is not necessary that the discharge openings 18 be disposed within the patients mouth and throat region and excellent results are achieved when the discharge openings are located exteriorly of the tube 12 rather than in the walls of the tube.
As is more specifically shown in FIG. 3, a different embodiment of the adapter 16 is shown. The adapter 16 comprises a cylindrical portion 42 and a tapered portion 43 adapted to be inserted part way in the end of the tube 12. A plurality of slots 44 are provided around the periphery of the adapter wall and normally open exteriorly of the tube 12 to the interior of the face mask, not shown. A bottom wall 46 seals the bore of the adapter 41 and cooperates with the walls of the tube 12 surrounding the tapered portion 43 of the adapter to seal the lumen of the tube. Excellent fluid communication between the discharge slots 44 and the respiratory passage of the patient is achieved and the danger that all or a portion of the discharge slots will be blocked, as might be the case when the discharge openings are located in the patients mouth and throat region, is avoided.
In the foregoing embodiments discussed in connection with FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, it is necessary to insert the adapter 16 after insertion of the inner portion 13 into the esophagus so as to avoid sealing the lumen 15 prior to initiation of the esophageal intubation procedure. Also, when utilizing the apparatus 11 of the present invention for endotracheal intubation, it is preferred practice to insert a conventional adapter in the tube, although the tube may be used alone without an adapter. In another embodiment of the present invention the adapter 16 is modified for use both as an adapter for endotracheal intubation and for esophageal intubation eliminating the necessity of exchanging adapters.
As is more specifically shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, the adapter 16" comprises an outer sleeve 47 having a cylindrical portion 48 and a tapered portion 49 adapted for part way insertion into the tube, not shown. A flange 51 is disposed adjacent the end of the outer sleeve 47 carried within the tube and extends normally inwardly to block a portion of the bore of the sleeve 47 to define an eccentrically disposed opening 52. A plurality of discharge slots 53 are disposed about the periphery of the outer sleeve 47.
The outer sleeve 47 may be formed integrally with the tube as it is not necessary that the adapter 16 be removable in this embodiment of the invention.
An inner sleeve 54, conforming substantially to the dimensions of the bore of the outer sleeve, is rotatably positioned within the outer sleeve and the bore of the inner sleeve defines the bore of the adapter 16'. An 0- ring or other suitable sealing means, not shown, may be disposed between the inner sleeve 54 and the bore of the outer sleeve 47 to provide a fluid tight seal therebetween. One end of the inner sleeve 54 terminates adjacent the flange 51 of the outer sleeve 47 and a portion 57 of the wall of the inner sleeve is inwardly biased to form a member blocking a portion of the bore of the inner sleeve and to define a restricted, eccentrically disposed opening 58 at the end of the inner sleeve adjacent the flange 51 of the outer sleeve 47. A bottom surface 60 is defined by the inwardly biased wall portion 57 and the bottom surface is contiguous with the upper surface of the flange 51 in one position and is disposed across the opening 52 when the inner sleeve 54 is rotated. The opposite end 58 of the inner sleeve 54 extends beyond the outer sleeve 47 to provide a gripping surface for rotating the inner sleeve and a point of connection of the adapter to a source of fluid.
A plurality of openings 59 are provided in the periphery of the inner sleeve 54. The openings 59 are longitudinally aligned with the discharge slots 53 and radially positioned for alignment to providefluid communication through the discharge slots 53 and for misalignment to close the discharge slots 53 when the inner sleeve 54 is rotated.
The inner sleeve 54 is restrained from longitudinal movement within the outer sleeve 47 by a retainer ring 61 formed on the outer surface of the inner sleeve which is snap fitted into an annular recess 62 formed in the wall of the outer sleeve. Rotation of the inner sleeve 54 is limited by an inwardly extending pin 63 carried on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 47 which is received in a peripheral guide slot 64 formed on the outer Wall surface of the inner sleeve so that rotation of the inner sleeve is permitted only between a first position and a second position.
As illustrated in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, the adapter 16" is the endotracheal mode with the openings 52 and S8 aligned so that the bore of the adapter 16 is unsealed and the discharge slots 53 and openings 59 misaligned and thereby closed. By rotating the inner sleeve 54 until the pin 63 contacts the opposite edge of the slot 64, the adapter 16" is placed in the esophageal mode with the openings 52 and 58 misaligned and the bottom surface of the inwardly sloped wall portion 57 of the inner sleeve 54 cooperating with the flange 51 of the outer sleeve 47 to seal the bore of the adapter 16. The discharge slots 53 of the outer sleeve 47 and the openings 56 of the inner sleeve 54 are radially aligned so as to permit fluid communication from the bore of the adapter to the respiratory passages of the patient in the manner previously described. Although not shown, a face mask is carried by the extending portion of the outer sleeve.
From the foregoing, it can be seen that the apparatus of the present invention is readily adapted to operate in endotracheal and esophageal intubation, depending on the circumstances of the patient and the skill and choice of the person performing the intubation. During the insertion procedure, the patients airway is never closed, thereby avoiding the risk of asphyxiation during the insertion procedure, particularly where the operator is not highly skilled. When used in the esophageal mode, the reverse flow of fluids through the lumen of the tube is prevented by the seal carried by the adapter and the danger of aspiration of stomach fluids into the lungs is avoided. Prior to removal of the tube, stomach contents can be readily removed by insertion of a suction catheter through the tubular body into the stomach. The same apparatus is readily used for endotracheal intubation thereby eliminating the necessity of stocking more than one type of intubation apparatus.
The materials of construction of the apparatus of the present invention are those conventionally used for conventional esophageal and endotracheal intubators. The apparatus of the present invention can be constructed so as to be sterilizable and reusable or can be constructed so as to be disposable after a single use.
I claim:
1. Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation, said apparatus comprising:
an elongated tubular body having an open outer and open inner end, said tubular body defining an upper portion and a flexible lower portion and a lumen extending between said outer and inner ends;
means in said upper portion for selectively sealing said lumen; and
means for selectively providing fluid communication between said outer end and the exterior of said upper portion, said means being spaced between said outer end and said sealing means;
means carried about said lower portion of said tubular body for insertion within a body canal to form a seal with the walls thereof;
whereby said apparatus is adapted for endotracheal intubation when said lumen is open for fluid communication between said outer end and said inner end and said apparatus is adapted for esophageal intubation when said lumen is sealed and adapted for fluid communication between said outer end and the exterior of said upper portion.
2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said means carried about said lower portion of said tubular body comprises an inflatable member in spaced relation with said lower end for inflation within a body canal to form a seal with the walls thereof.
3. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said tubular body comprises:
a flexible, open-ended tube; and
a tubular adapter, a portion thereof being received in one end of said tube, said adapter and tube portion receiving said adapter defining said upper portion of said tubular body and the remaining portion of said tube defining said flexible lower portion of said tubular body.
4. The apparatus as defined in claim 3 wherein said adapter is removably received in said flexible tube, one end of said adapter and a portion thereof adjacent to said end extending longitudinally outwardly from said flexible tube, said one end being open to define said outer end of said tubular body, the opposite end portion of said adapter being received in said lumen of said flexible tube and adapted to define a fluid tight seal with the inner walls of said tube.
5. The apparatus as defined in claim 4 further includa plurality of discharge openings in the walls of said tube portion receiving said adapter, said openings being in spaced relation with said end portion of said adapter forming said sealing means;
the wall of said portion of said adapter received in said lumen of said tube being provided with at least one opening for fluid communication between said open outer end and said discharge openings; and
means carried by said tube for selectively closing said discharge openings.
6. The apparatus as defined in claim 5 wherein said means for selectively closing said discharge openings comprises a sleeve slidably carried on said upper portion for movement between a withdrawn position wherein said discharge openings are unrestricted and a second position overlying said discharge openings thereby to close them.
7. The apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein said discharge openings are located in said end portion of said adapter extending outwardly from said tube and the walls of said tube are continuous.
8. The apparatus as defined in claim 5 wherein said end portion of said adapter received in said tube is radially inwardly tapered and the end thereof defines an enlarged plug forming a fluid seal with the walls of said tube, and at least one elongated slot being provided in a wall of said tapered end portion for unrestricted fluid communication between the interior of said adapter and said peripheral openings of said upper portion of said tubular body.
9. The apparatus as defined in claim 3 wherein said adapter comprises:
a first sleeve having an inner and outer end, the inner end thereof communicating with said lumen of said tube and being provided with a flange extending across a portion of the opening between said first sleeve and said lumen of said tube;
a plurality of peripheral slots extending between the inner and outer surfaces of said first sleeves and being in longitudinally spaced relation with said flange;
a second sleeve having an outside diameter substantially equal to the inside diameter of said first sleeve rotatably carried within said first sleeve for rotation between a first and a second position, said second sleeve having an end co-terminus with said inner end of said first sleeve;
said second sleeve interior defining the bore of said adapter, an interior wall portion adjacent said coterminus end being biased inwardly with respect to the longitudinal axis of said second sleeve in a direction toward said co-terminus end, said inwardly biased wall portion cooperating with said flange of said first sleeve to seal said lumen of said tube when said second sleeve is rotated into said first position and to open said lumen when rotated into said second position;
plurality of peripheral slots in said second sleeve being longitudinally aligned with said slots of said first sleeve and being radially aligned therewith when said second sleeve is in said first position, thereby to provide fluid communication from the interior of said adapter to the exterior thereof, and being radially misaligned when said second sleeve is in said second position thereby to seal said slots of said first sleeve.
10. The apparatus as defined in claim 9 wherein said first sleeve is integral with said tube.
11. Apparatus for esophageal intubation comprising:
a flexible elongated tube adapted for insertion in the esophagus and having an outer end and an inner end;
an inflatable member carried on said tube adjacent said inner end;
means for inflating said member communicating therewith;
an adapter having an open end, a closed end and a bore extending therebetween being removably inserted in said outer end of said tube so that said closed end and a portion of said adapter adjacent said closed end are disposed within said tube;
said closed end of said adapter defining a seal for said tube to prevent fluid flow between said outer and inner ends of said tube;
a plurality of openings in said tube wall, said openings being spaced between said outer end of said tube and said closed end of said adapter;
a port in the wall of said portion of said adapter disposed within said tube communicating the bore of said adapter with said openings in said tube wall.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 further including a sleeve slidably carried on said tube and movable between position on said tube overlying and closing said openings and a position on said tube wherein said openings are unobstructed.
13. Apparatus for esophageal intubation comprising:
a flexible elongated tube adapted for insertion in the esophagus and having an outer end and an inner end;
an inflatable member carried on said tube adjacent said inner end;
means for inflating said member communicating therewith;
an adapter having an open end, a closed end and a bore extending therebetween being removably inserted in said outer end of said tube so that said closed end and a portion of said adapter adjacent said closed end are disposed in said tube and the remaining portion of said adapter extends beyond said outer end of said tube;
a mask for covering the nose and mouth of a patient carried by said adapter portion extending beyond said tube; and plurality of openings disposed about the periphery of said adapter portion extending beyond said tube, said openings being in spaced relation within said mask for fluid communication between the bore of said adapter and the patients respiratory tract. 14. Apparatus for esophageal intubation comprising: a flexible elongated tube adapted for insertion in the esophagus and having an outer end and an inner end;
an inflatable member carried on said tube adjacent said inner end;
means for inflating said member communicating therewith;
an adapter having an open end, a sealable inner end and a bore extending therebetween being connected at said inner end to said outer end of said tube, at least a portion of said adapter extending beyond said outer end of said tube, a mask for covering the nose and mouth. of a patient carried by said extending portion;
said adapter further including a first sleeve defining a bore and an inner end, a flange adjacent said inner end extending normal to said bore and blocking a portion thereof to define a restricted, eccentrically disposed opening between said bore and said lumen of said tube, and a plurality of radially spaced openings disposed about the periphery of said first sleeve in spaced relation between said mask and said outer end of said tube;
a second sleeve co-axially mounted in said first sleeve for rotation between a first position and a second portion, said second sleeve having a bore, one end substantially co-terminus with said flange of said first sleeve and an interior wall portion adjacent said co-terminus end biased inwardly with respect to the longitudinal axis of said second sleeve in a direction toward said co-terminus end to define an eccentrically disposed opening at said co-terminus end of said second sleeve, a plurality of openings disposed about the periphery of said second sleeve in longitudinal alignment with said openings of said first sleeve and spaced for radial alignment therewith when said second sleeve is in said first position and for misalignment when said inner sleeve is in said second position, whereby in said first position said eccentrically disposed openings at the ends of said first and second sleeves are misaligned, said flange of said first sleeve and said wall portion of said second sleeve cooperating to close said inner end of said adapter and said openings of first and second sleeves are aligned, and in said second position said eccentrically disposed openings are aligned for fluid communication with said tube and said peripheral openings of said first and second sleeves are misaligned.
TJNTTTD STATES PATENT oTTtoE QERHMQATE m t'iEfiTwN PATENT NO. 13,874,377
INVENTOR(S) :Kenneth L. Davidson It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
In Column 10, Line 15, please delete the nineteenth fiy Qf Augusrl975 i'gncd an r SEAL] Arrest:
RUTH C. MASON C. MARSHALL DANN Arresting Office (ummissiuner uj'larenrs and TVHrJtHIUT/U

Claims (14)

1. Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation, said apparatus comprising: an elongated tubular body having an open outer and open inner end, said tubular body defining an upper portion and a flexible lower portion and a lumen extending between said outer and inner ends; means in said upper portion for selectively sealing said lumen; and means for selectively providing fluid communication between said outer end and the exterior of said upper portion, said means being spaced between said outer end and said sealing means; means carried about said lower portion of said tubular body for insertion within a body canal to form a seal with the walls thereof; whereby said apparatus is adapted for endotracheal intubation when said lumen is open for fluid communication between said outer end and said inner end and said apparatus is adapted for esophageal intubation when said lumen is sealed and adapted for fluid communication between said outer end and the exterior of said upper portion.
2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said means carried about said lower portion of said tubular body comprises an inflatable member in spaced relation with said lower end for inflation within a body canal to form a seal with the walls thereof.
3. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said tubular body comprises: a flexible, open-ended tube; and a tubular adapter, a portion thereof being received in one end of said tube, said adapter and tube portion receiving said adapter defining said upper portion of said tubular body and the remaining portion of said tube defining said flexible lower portion of said tubular body.
4. The apparatus as defined in claim 3 wherein said adapter is removably received in said flexible tube, one end of said adapter and a portion thereof adjacent to said end extending longitudinally outwardly from said flexible tube, said one end being open to define said outer end of said tubular body, the opposite end portion of said adapter being received in said lumen of said flexible tube and adapted to define a fluid tight seal with the inner walls of said tube.
5. The apparatus as defined in claim 4 further including: a plurality of discharge openings in the walls of said tube portion receiving said adapter, said openings being in spaced relation with said end portion of said adapter formIng said sealing means; the wall of said portion of said adapter received in said lumen of said tube being provided with at least one opening for fluid communication between said open outer end and said discharge openings; and means carried by said tube for selectively closing said discharge openings.
6. The apparatus as defined in claim 5 wherein said means for selectively closing said discharge openings comprises a sleeve slidably carried on said upper portion for movement between a withdrawn position wherein said discharge openings are unrestricted and a second position overlying said discharge openings thereby to close them.
7. The apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein said discharge openings are located in said end portion of said adapter extending outwardly from said tube and the walls of said tube are continuous.
8. The apparatus as defined in claim 5 wherein said end portion of said adapter received in said tube is radially inwardly tapered and the end thereof defines an enlarged plug forming a fluid seal with the walls of said tube, and at least one elongated slot being provided in a wall of said tapered end portion for unrestricted fluid communication between the interior of said adapter and said peripheral openings of said upper portion of said tubular body.
9. The apparatus as defined in claim 3 wherein said adapter comprises: a first sleeve having an inner and outer end, the inner end thereof communicating with said lumen of said tube and being provided with a flange extending across a portion of the opening between said first sleeve and said lumen of said tube; a plurality of peripheral slots extending between the inner and outer surfaces of said first sleeves and being in longitudinally spaced relation with said flange; a second sleeve having an outside diameter substantially equal to the inside diameter of said first sleeve rotatably carried within said first sleeve for rotation between a first and a second position, said second sleeve having an end co-terminus with said inner end of said first sleeve; said second sleeve interior defining the bore of said adapter, an interior wall portion adjacent said co-terminus end being biased inwardly with respect to the longitudinal axis of said second sleeve in a direction toward said co-terminus end, said inwardly biased wall portion cooperating with said flange of said first sleeve to seal said lumen of said tube when said second sleeve is rotated into said first position and to open said lumen when rotated into said second position; a plurality of peripheral slots in said second sleeve being longitudinally aligned with said slots of said first sleeve and being radially aligned therewith when said second sleeve is in said first position, thereby to provide fluid communication from the interior of said adapter to the exterior thereof, and being radially misaligned when said second sleeve is in said second position thereby to seal said slots of said first sleeve.
10. The apparatus as defined in claim 9 wherein said first sleeve is integral with said tube.
11. Apparatus for esophageal intubation comprising: a flexible elongated tube adapted for insertion in the esophagus and having an outer end and an inner end; an inflatable member carried on said tube adjacent said inner end; means for inflating said member communicating therewith; an adapter having an open end, a closed end and a bore extending therebetween being removably inserted in said outer end of said tube so that said closed end and a portion of said adapter adjacent said closed end are disposed within said tube; said closed end of said adapter defining a seal for said tube to prevent fluid flow between said outer and inner ends of said tube; a plurality of openings in said tube wall, said openings being spaced between said outer end of said tube and said closed end of said adapter; a port in the wall of said portion of said adapter disposed within said tube communIcating the bore of said adapter with said openings in said tube wall.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 further including a sleeve slidably carried on said tube and movable between position on said tube overlying and closing said openings and a position on said tube wherein said openings are unobstructed.
13. Apparatus for esophageal intubation comprising: a flexible elongated tube adapted for insertion in the esophagus and having an outer end and an inner end; an inflatable member carried on said tube adjacent said inner end; means for inflating said member communicating therewith; an adapter having an open end, a closed end and a bore extending therebetween being removably inserted in said outer end of said tube so that said closed end and a portion of said adapter adjacent said closed end are disposed in said tube and the remaining portion of said adapter extends beyond said outer end of said tube; a mask for covering the nose and mouth of a patient carried by said adapter portion extending beyond said tube; and a plurality of openings disposed about the periphery of said adapter portion extending beyond said tube, said openings being in spaced relation within said mask for fluid communication between the bore of said adapter and the patient''s respiratory tract.
14. Apparatus for esophageal intubation comprising: a flexible elongated tube adapted for insertion in the esophagus and having an outer end and an inner end; an inflatable member carried on said tube adjacent said inner end; means for inflating said member communicating therewith; an adapter having an open end, a sealable inner end and a bore extending therebetween being connected at said inner end to said outer end of said tube, at least a portion of said adapter extending beyond said outer end of said tube, a mask for covering the nose and mouth of a patient carried by said extending portion; said adapter further including a first sleeve defining a bore and an inner end, a flange adjacent said inner end extending normal to said bore and blocking a portion thereof to define a restricted, eccentrically disposed opening between said bore and said lumen of said tube, and a plurality of radially spaced openings disposed about the periphery of said first sleeve in spaced relation between said mask and said outer end of said tube; a second sleeve co-axially mounted in said first sleeve for rotation between a first position and a second portion, said second sleeve having a bore, one end substantially co-terminus with said flange of said first sleeve and an interior wall portion adjacent said co-terminus end biased inwardly with respect to the longitudinal axis of said second sleeve in a direction toward said co-terminus end to define an eccentrically disposed opening at said co-terminus end of said second sleeve, a plurality of openings disposed about the periphery of said second sleeve in longitudinal alignment with said openings of said first sleeve and spaced for radial alignment therewith when said second sleeve is in said first position and for misalignment when said inner sleeve is in said second position, whereby in said first position said eccentrically disposed openings at the ends of said first and second sleeves are misaligned, said flange of said first sleeve and said wall portion of said second sleeve cooperating to close said inner end of said adapter and said openings of first and second sleeves are aligned, and in said second position said eccentrically disposed openings are aligned for fluid communication with said tube and said peripheral openings of said first and second sleeves are misaligned.
US476955A 1974-06-06 1974-06-06 Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation Expired - Lifetime US3874377A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US476955A US3874377A (en) 1974-06-06 1974-06-06 Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation
US05/542,212 US3948255A (en) 1974-06-06 1975-01-20 Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation
GB5901/75A GB1495648A (en) 1974-06-06 1975-02-12 Apparatus for endotracheal and esophagel intubation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US476955A US3874377A (en) 1974-06-06 1974-06-06 Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/542,212 Division US3948255A (en) 1974-06-06 1975-01-20 Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3874377A true US3874377A (en) 1975-04-01

Family

ID=23893918

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US476955A Expired - Lifetime US3874377A (en) 1974-06-06 1974-06-06 Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3874377A (en)
GB (1) GB1495648A (en)

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4052990A (en) * 1973-04-16 1977-10-11 Smiths Industries Limited Medico-surgical tube and adaptor
US4090518A (en) * 1975-08-25 1978-05-23 Elam James O Esophago-pharyngeal airway
US4166468A (en) * 1977-08-05 1979-09-04 Haynie Louis D Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation
US4231365A (en) * 1978-01-30 1980-11-04 Scarberry Eugene N Emergency resuscitation apparatus
US4256099A (en) * 1979-03-21 1981-03-17 Dryden Gale E Two-tube resuscitation system
US4329995A (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-05-18 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Catheter for nasotracheal aspiration of uncontaminated sputum specimens
US4351330A (en) * 1978-01-30 1982-09-28 Scarberry Eugene N Emergency internal defibrillation
DE3303582A1 (en) * 1982-02-04 1983-08-11 Michael Dr.med. 2340 Mödling Frass Tube for, alternatively, endotracheal or oesophagus obturator ventilation
US4446864A (en) * 1980-07-10 1984-05-08 Watson Robert L Emergency ventilation tube
US4449525A (en) * 1981-02-08 1984-05-22 White Daniel S Pulmonary resuscitator
US4520811A (en) * 1981-02-08 1985-06-04 Grove Medical Supply, Inc. Pulmonary resuscitator
US4852583A (en) * 1987-01-16 1989-08-01 Spacelabs, Inc. Airway adapter
US5022392A (en) * 1988-11-22 1991-06-11 Yeakel Joseph D Apparatus for secretion deflection during intubation
US5038766A (en) * 1989-11-08 1991-08-13 Parker Jeffrey D Blind orolaryngeal and oroesophageal guiding and aiming device
US5090408A (en) * 1985-10-18 1992-02-25 Bryan T. Spofford Transtracheal catheter system and method
US5174283A (en) * 1989-11-08 1992-12-29 Parker Jeffrey D Blind orolaryngeal and oroesophageal guiding and aiming device
US5181509A (en) * 1984-11-21 1993-01-26 Spofford Bryan T Transtracheal catheter system
US5339808A (en) * 1991-04-02 1994-08-23 Don Michael T Anthony Endotracheal-esophageal intubation devices
US5743254A (en) * 1997-03-18 1998-04-28 Parker Medical Limited Partnership Orotracheal intubation guide
US5865176A (en) * 1995-03-08 1999-02-02 Michael Jeffrey O'Neil Artificial airway device with sealing cuff for distal end
US6568388B2 (en) * 1996-02-26 2003-05-27 Evergreen Medical Incorporated Method and apparatus for ventilation / oxygenation during guided insertion of an endotracheal tube
US6631713B1 (en) * 1996-02-26 2003-10-14 Evergreen Medical Incorporated Method and apparatus for ventilation/oxygenation during guided insertion of an endotracheal tube
US6672305B2 (en) 2001-02-26 2004-01-06 Parker Medical Limited Partnership Shallow throat orotracheal intubation guide
US6698428B2 (en) * 1996-11-06 2004-03-02 Archibald I. J. Brain Endotracheal tube construction
US20050139220A1 (en) * 1996-02-26 2005-06-30 Evergreen Medical Incorporated Method and apparatus for ventilation / oxygenation during guided insertion of an endotracheal tube
WO2010017685A1 (en) * 2008-08-13 2010-02-18 Liu Chunjiang Respiratory assist system
US20150209538A1 (en) * 2014-01-24 2015-07-30 Ambu A/S Laryngeal mask with a bite absorbing connector

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3683908A (en) * 1969-10-20 1972-08-15 Tantrimudalige Anthony Don Mic Apparatus for sealing the oesophagus and providing artificial respiration

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3683908A (en) * 1969-10-20 1972-08-15 Tantrimudalige Anthony Don Mic Apparatus for sealing the oesophagus and providing artificial respiration

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4052990A (en) * 1973-04-16 1977-10-11 Smiths Industries Limited Medico-surgical tube and adaptor
US4090518A (en) * 1975-08-25 1978-05-23 Elam James O Esophago-pharyngeal airway
US4166468A (en) * 1977-08-05 1979-09-04 Haynie Louis D Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation
US4351330A (en) * 1978-01-30 1982-09-28 Scarberry Eugene N Emergency internal defibrillation
US4231365A (en) * 1978-01-30 1980-11-04 Scarberry Eugene N Emergency resuscitation apparatus
US4256099A (en) * 1979-03-21 1981-03-17 Dryden Gale E Two-tube resuscitation system
US4446864A (en) * 1980-07-10 1984-05-08 Watson Robert L Emergency ventilation tube
US4329995A (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-05-18 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Catheter for nasotracheal aspiration of uncontaminated sputum specimens
US4449525A (en) * 1981-02-08 1984-05-22 White Daniel S Pulmonary resuscitator
US4520811A (en) * 1981-02-08 1985-06-04 Grove Medical Supply, Inc. Pulmonary resuscitator
DE3303582A1 (en) * 1982-02-04 1983-08-11 Michael Dr.med. 2340 Mödling Frass Tube for, alternatively, endotracheal or oesophagus obturator ventilation
AT376128B (en) * 1982-02-04 1984-10-10 Zahler Jonas Dr Med TUBE FOR SELECTIVE ENDOTRACHEAL OR OESOPHAGUS OBTURATOR VENTILATION
US5181509A (en) * 1984-11-21 1993-01-26 Spofford Bryan T Transtracheal catheter system
US5090408A (en) * 1985-10-18 1992-02-25 Bryan T. Spofford Transtracheal catheter system and method
US4852583A (en) * 1987-01-16 1989-08-01 Spacelabs, Inc. Airway adapter
US5022392A (en) * 1988-11-22 1991-06-11 Yeakel Joseph D Apparatus for secretion deflection during intubation
US5038766A (en) * 1989-11-08 1991-08-13 Parker Jeffrey D Blind orolaryngeal and oroesophageal guiding and aiming device
US5174283A (en) * 1989-11-08 1992-12-29 Parker Jeffrey D Blind orolaryngeal and oroesophageal guiding and aiming device
US5339805A (en) * 1989-11-08 1994-08-23 Parker Jeffrey D Blind orolaryngeal and oroesophageal guiding and aiming device
USRE39508E1 (en) * 1989-11-08 2007-03-13 Parker Medical Blind orolaryngeal and oroesophageal guiding and aiming device
US5339808A (en) * 1991-04-02 1994-08-23 Don Michael T Anthony Endotracheal-esophageal intubation devices
US5865176A (en) * 1995-03-08 1999-02-02 Michael Jeffrey O'Neil Artificial airway device with sealing cuff for distal end
US20050139220A1 (en) * 1996-02-26 2005-06-30 Evergreen Medical Incorporated Method and apparatus for ventilation / oxygenation during guided insertion of an endotracheal tube
US6631713B1 (en) * 1996-02-26 2003-10-14 Evergreen Medical Incorporated Method and apparatus for ventilation/oxygenation during guided insertion of an endotracheal tube
US6568388B2 (en) * 1996-02-26 2003-05-27 Evergreen Medical Incorporated Method and apparatus for ventilation / oxygenation during guided insertion of an endotracheal tube
US6698428B2 (en) * 1996-11-06 2004-03-02 Archibald I. J. Brain Endotracheal tube construction
US5743254A (en) * 1997-03-18 1998-04-28 Parker Medical Limited Partnership Orotracheal intubation guide
US6672305B2 (en) 2001-02-26 2004-01-06 Parker Medical Limited Partnership Shallow throat orotracheal intubation guide
WO2010017685A1 (en) * 2008-08-13 2010-02-18 Liu Chunjiang Respiratory assist system
US20150209538A1 (en) * 2014-01-24 2015-07-30 Ambu A/S Laryngeal mask with a bite absorbing connector
US9314581B2 (en) * 2014-01-24 2016-04-19 Ambu A/S Laryngeal mask with a bite absorbing connector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1495648A (en) 1977-12-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3874377A (en) Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation
US3905361A (en) Apparatus for sealing the esophagus and providing artificial respiration and evacuating the stomach
US5311864A (en) Tracheas evacuation and transmittal tube
US5339808A (en) Endotracheal-esophageal intubation devices
US5343857A (en) Respiratory accessory access port and adaptor therefore
US5623921A (en) Laryngeal mask airway and method for its use
CA2141167C (en) Esophageal-tracheal double lumen airway
US5655518A (en) Coupling device for a stethoscope and an endotracheal tube
US5501215A (en) Ventilation tube with evacuation sheath
US4231365A (en) Emergency resuscitation apparatus
US5964217A (en) Method and apparatus for ventilation/oxygenation during guided insertion of an endotracheal tube
US6626169B2 (en) Anatomical airway ventilation intubating and resuscitation device
US6394093B1 (en) Nasopharyngeal airway with inflatable cuff
US3683908A (en) Apparatus for sealing the oesophagus and providing artificial respiration
US4497318A (en) Esophageal obturator airway
US6543446B1 (en) Method and apparatus for ventilation/oxygenation during guided insertion of an endotracheal tube
US3948255A (en) Apparatus for endotracheal and esophageal intubation
WO1997007846A9 (en) Coupling device for a stethoscope and an endotracheal tube
US20010012923A1 (en) Method and apparatus for ventilation / oxygenation during guided insertion of an endotracheal tube
KR20110028270A (en) Dilator loading catheter
WO2001024859A1 (en) Ventilation system during guided insertion of an endotracheal tube
US10786640B2 (en) Reversible airway device and related method for ventilating a subject
US6405725B1 (en) Method and apparatus for ventilation/oxygenation during guided insertion of an endotracheal tube
JP3503730B2 (en) Emergency Resuscitation Esophageal Airway
US3841319A (en) Method for sealing the oesophagus and providing artificial respiration