US3874134A - Modular building units - Google Patents
Modular building units Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3874134A US3874134A US364980A US36498073A US3874134A US 3874134 A US3874134 A US 3874134A US 364980 A US364980 A US 364980A US 36498073 A US36498073 A US 36498073A US 3874134 A US3874134 A US 3874134A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- floor
- ceiling
- building unit
- framing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
- E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
- E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
- E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
- E04B1/34823—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
Definitions
- One object of the present invention is to provide a novel building structure and method for its construction which provides modular Cementitious building units of substantially less weight than previously described prefabricated or modular units.
- Yet another object of this invention is to provide such a building unit which can be used with other similar units to provide larger building units or multiple apartments.
- a first steel wire mesh layer e.g. 22 wire gage having about /2 inch openings, is positioned on the interior surfaces of the steel studs on all sides and attached to the studs.
- a rod layer comprising spaced steel rods e.g. 12 gage, is laid over the mesh and attached to the studs by ties, staples or the like.
- a second wire mesh layer is then positioned on and attached to the rod layer.
- Cementitious material e.g. cement orconcrete
- cement orconcrete high viscosity Cementitious material
- the rod and mesh layers e.g. to a thickness of about inch to 1 /2 inch.
- the combined layers provide a continuous cover str uctu re.
- the space between adjacent studs is then filled with insulating material'such as fiberglass, foam, plastic, asbestos, rock wool, or similar low density insulating material, as may be desired.
- cementitious material may be applied to the exterior surfaces of the studs in question.
- finishing material may be applied to the exterior as may be dictated by various designs. These include wood, clapboard and metal. At the factory, interior portions, kitchen cabinetry, pre-assembled doors, and pre-assembled windows are fitted and installed. Other interior finishing such as painting, electrical services, and leads may also be accomplished at the factory. Accordingly, except for the foundations, the building unit is ready for installation when it arrives at the site.
- FIG. 1 is an end view of the frame of a building unit made in accordance with this invention.
- FIG. 5 is a more enlarged partial interior view as in FIGS. 3 and 4, showing the second wire mesh layer extending over the rod layer.
- FIG. 6 is a section along line 6-6 of FIG. 5.
- FIG. 12 is a partial end view with partial cutaway showing the mold used for forming the wire core of the floor in accordance with a second embodiment of this invention.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 may be assembled in a variety of ways, thus, for example, they may be pre-assembled as walls or cross frames. In all cases, the completed frame resembles a six-sided cage wherein the steel studs are firmly attached to one another by welding, bolting or the like. In the illustrated example, the studs are uniformly spaced about 21 inches apart on their centers. The particular studs illustrated in the drawings are I-beams about two inches wide and 4 inches deep. Each beam thus provides an interior surface of about 2 inches, an
- the first wire mesh layer is applied to substantially all the interior surfaces of the studs, except for the open portions, including the walls, floor and ceiling.
- This first wire mesh layer which can itself consist of one or more thicknesses of wire mesh, is attached to the steel studs by ties, staples or the like.
- a suitable wire mesh for example, would consist of 22 gage steel having k inch openings.
- the final step in the construction of the integral cover member is to apply a heavy viscosity, cementitious material 16 such as a mortar mix of Portland cement and sand, which can be applied with a trowel.
- This cementitious material 16 is interspersed in and surrounds the mesh and rod layers, thus providing as the integral cover member anchored to the frame, a continuous interior wall of about A inch thickness.
- the elements of the integral frame are formed of spaced bars and wire mesh rather than the studs exemplified in the first embodiment, except for flat steel beams at the base and top of each wall.
- the floor and ceiling elements of the integral frame are formed by shaping wire mesh as, for example, steel mesh in a mold (e.g. wood or plastic), the mold having transverse grooves in which steel rods are spaced adjacent the edges of such floor and ceiling mold assemblies.
- Wall frame elements are assembled comprising horizontal spaced rods with steel channels on top and bottom with vertical rods spaced at the end of each groove and tied in to the transverse rods. After this tie in, wire mesh is wrapped around both the vertical rods and the horizontal rods so as to provide a caged structure similar to the schematic view in FIG. 2. While assembling the frame elements, floor, ceiling and wall cores are formed with layers of wire mesh.
- the mold 301 is coextensive with the dimensions of the floor or ceiling to be formed but can be made in sections for ease of handling.
- the mold 301 has transverse grooves 302 spaced at regular intervals as, for example, on 4 foot-centers and has a front face 303 and a top face 304.
- the floor framing element is constructed in each groove by means of upper rods 308 and lower rods 309. These rods preferably have bent over ends 308a and 309a so that they may be attached to vertical wall frame element rods 310 by means of ties 312 and 313.
- Rods 310 are welded to a horizontal longitudinal channel 360 which forms the base of the wall frame. Attached to the base 360 and tied into rods 310, 308 and 309 are longitudinal horizontal rods 311.
- wall framing elements comprising base channels and vertical rods are spaced around the entire periphery of the floor, being tied in when adjacent to the floor groove to the transverse floor frame element rods.
- a channel e.g. 325 which is attached to the vertical rods (e.g. 310) and tied in with the transverse ceiling framing element rods (e:.g. 349) and has similar horizontal rods 339 attached to it.
- the unit is then finished by inserting desired interior partitions, electrical wiring and fixtures, plumbing and fixtures, outside panels for insulation and weather between the vertical framing elements, a functional or decorative roof, windows, doors, etc.
- the modular building unit thus comprises a floor 317, a ceiling 318, spaced floor frame elements 319, spaced ceiling frame element 320, horizontal lower wall frame elements 321, vertical wall frame elements 322, vertical wall portion of covering member 323 and upper horizontal wall frame elements 324.
- a cementitious building unit having at least a floor, two opposing walls and a ceiling, a continuous interior surface and a ribbed exterior, comprising:
- a mass of cementitious material interspersed in the surrounding said wire mesh layers so as to form the floor, ceiling and exterior walls as a continuous interior surface, with the framing elements forming exterior ribs; the portions of said floor, ceiling and walls which extend between said framing elements being thin.
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US364980A US3874134A (en) | 1971-02-16 | 1973-05-29 | Modular building units |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11527671A | 1971-02-16 | 1971-02-16 | |
US364980A US3874134A (en) | 1971-02-16 | 1973-05-29 | Modular building units |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3874134A true US3874134A (en) | 1975-04-01 |
Family
ID=26813025
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US364980A Expired - Lifetime US3874134A (en) | 1971-02-16 | 1973-05-29 | Modular building units |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3874134A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4545158A (en) * | 1983-06-14 | 1985-10-08 | Polyfab S.A.R.L. | Interior wall structure for a transportable building module |
US5697196A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-12-16 | Unique Development Corporation | Element based foam and concrete wall construction and method and apparatus therefor |
US20050262998A1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-12-01 | Jameel Ahmad | Protective structure and protective system |
WO2008039213A2 (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2008-04-03 | The Cooper Union For The Advancement Of Science And Art | Protective structure and protective system |
US7607274B1 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2009-10-27 | Glenn Gillen | Method of constructing a building in a typically flood prone area employing a pre-cast concrete chain wall |
US20110049018A1 (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-03 | Allan Maskew (Pty) Ltd | Mine screen |
US20110083379A1 (en) * | 2007-08-14 | 2011-04-14 | Peer Moshe Lavi | Prefabricated sealed room assembly |
US10584509B1 (en) | 2001-09-06 | 2020-03-10 | Zagorski Forms Specialists, Inc. | Concrete saferoom and method of manufacture |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3324611A (en) * | 1964-08-07 | 1967-06-13 | Gamber Wilburn | Concrete reinforcement frame and method |
US3514910A (en) * | 1968-02-14 | 1970-06-02 | Dano Modules Inc | Modular building construction |
US3714304A (en) * | 1969-12-29 | 1973-01-30 | F Anderson | Building construction |
US3721058A (en) * | 1969-05-26 | 1973-03-20 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Reinforced wall structure |
-
1973
- 1973-05-29 US US364980A patent/US3874134A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3324611A (en) * | 1964-08-07 | 1967-06-13 | Gamber Wilburn | Concrete reinforcement frame and method |
US3514910A (en) * | 1968-02-14 | 1970-06-02 | Dano Modules Inc | Modular building construction |
US3721058A (en) * | 1969-05-26 | 1973-03-20 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Reinforced wall structure |
US3714304A (en) * | 1969-12-29 | 1973-01-30 | F Anderson | Building construction |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4545158A (en) * | 1983-06-14 | 1985-10-08 | Polyfab S.A.R.L. | Interior wall structure for a transportable building module |
US5697196A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-12-16 | Unique Development Corporation | Element based foam and concrete wall construction and method and apparatus therefor |
US10584509B1 (en) | 2001-09-06 | 2020-03-10 | Zagorski Forms Specialists, Inc. | Concrete saferoom and method of manufacture |
EP1695019A4 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2010-10-27 | Cooper Union For The Advanceme | Protective structure and protective system |
EP1695019A1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2006-08-30 | The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art | Protective structure and protective system |
US20080092471A1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2008-04-24 | Jameel Ahmad | Protective structure and protective system |
US7562613B2 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2009-07-21 | The Cooper Union For The Advancement Of Science And Art | Protective structure and protective system |
US6973864B1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-12-13 | The Cooper Union For The Advancement Of Science And Art | Protective structure and protective system |
US20050262998A1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-12-01 | Jameel Ahmad | Protective structure and protective system |
WO2008039213A2 (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2008-04-03 | The Cooper Union For The Advancement Of Science And Art | Protective structure and protective system |
EP1955005A2 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2008-08-13 | The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art | Protective structure and protective system |
WO2008039213A3 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2008-11-27 | Cooper Union For The Advanceme | Protective structure and protective system |
EP1955005A4 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2010-10-27 | Cooper Union For The Advanceme | Protective structure and protective system |
US7607274B1 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2009-10-27 | Glenn Gillen | Method of constructing a building in a typically flood prone area employing a pre-cast concrete chain wall |
US20110083379A1 (en) * | 2007-08-14 | 2011-04-14 | Peer Moshe Lavi | Prefabricated sealed room assembly |
US20110049018A1 (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-03 | Allan Maskew (Pty) Ltd | Mine screen |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: THEODORE, CHARLES A.J.; 105 BRADFORD RD., WESTON, Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:BARLETTA, VINCENT;REEL/FRAME:004161/0057 Effective date: 19830620 Owner name: THEODORE, MICHAEL J.; 111 BRADFORD RD., WESTON, MA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:BARLETTA, VINCENT;REEL/FRAME:004161/0057 Effective date: 19830620 Owner name: THEODORE, CHARLES A.J.,MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BARLETTA, VINCENT;REEL/FRAME:004161/0057 Effective date: 19830620 Owner name: THEODORE, MICHAEL J.,MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BARLETTA, VINCENT;REEL/FRAME:004161/0057 Effective date: 19830620 Owner name: THEODORE, CHARLES A.J., MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BARLETTA, VINCENT;REEL/FRAME:004161/0057 Effective date: 19830620 Owner name: THEODORE, MICHAEL J., MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BARLETTA, VINCENT;REEL/FRAME:004161/0057 Effective date: 19830620 |