US3871913A - Cleaning of dialyser compartments and blood lines of artificial kidney machine - Google Patents
Cleaning of dialyser compartments and blood lines of artificial kidney machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3871913A US3871913A US332077A US33207773A US3871913A US 3871913 A US3871913 A US 3871913A US 332077 A US332077 A US 332077A US 33207773 A US33207773 A US 33207773A US 3871913 A US3871913 A US 3871913A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- blood
- dialysate
- dialyser
- supply system
- compartments
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/168—Sterilisation or cleaning before or after use
- A61M1/169—Sterilisation or cleaning before or after use using chemical substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/168—Sterilisation or cleaning before or after use
- A61M1/1682—Sterilisation or cleaning before or after use both machine and membrane module, i.e. also the module blood side
- A61M1/1684—Checking the module characteristics before reuse
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3643—Priming, rinsing before or after use
- A61M1/3644—Mode of operation
- A61M1/365—Mode of operation through membranes, e.g. by inverted trans-membrane pressure [TMP]
Definitions
- ABSTRACT I301 Forelgn Apphcauoni pnomy Data A system for supplying a blood dialyser with dialysing M111. 14, I972 Great Blltkllli onnections enabling the ystem to be connected with the dialyser blood compartment, so that [52] U.S. Cl. 134/22 R, 134/22 C, 134/26, fte a di l ing treatment, the supply system can be 134/42, 210/22, 210/321 used to supply washing and sterilizing liquid both to [51] int.
- the blood compartment of a dialyser to the dialysate production and supply system of the machine and utilize the system to supply liquid to both the blood and dialysate compartments of the dialyser for washing and/or sterilizing purposes.
- dialysate production and supply system of an artificial kidney machine with connections enabling the system to be connected with a blood circuit of a dialyser so that liquid from the supply system can be delivered to the dialyser blood compartment for washing and/or sterilizing purposes after completion of adialysis treatment.
- the machine comprises a dialysate production and delivery system A and a dialyser B which may be of the parallel flow, coil or capillary type.
- System A includes a dialysate production arrangement 1 not shown in detail in the drawing but comprising conventional mainswater and dialysate mixing and concentration control means 1 and conventional mixture heating means 1', the arrangement 1, 1' supplying dialysate to the base of a first header tank 2 from where the dialysate circulates through a de-aerating conventional circuit 3 and is pumped into a second header tank 4 linked to the first tank as shown. (Tanks 2 and 4 could be combined into a single partitioned tank).
- Tank 4 has an overflow 5 leading into a third tank 6 on a lower level, tank 6 itself having an overflow 7 going to drain.
- a connection 8 from tank 4 leads to the dialysate compartment or compartments of the dialyser and during a dialysis treatment, dialysate is constantly drawn through the dialyser from tank 4 by a pump 9 and discharged to the drain, the dialysate supply being continuously replenished by the production system, which is run so that tanks 2, 4 and 6 are all kept flushed with liquid.
- the blood compartment or compartments of the dialyser continuously receive blood from a patient through a blood circuit comprising an intravascular needle fitting, a supply line 10 and blood pump 11, the blood being returned to the patient from the dialysis through a further blood line 12 and needle fitting.
- dialysate is continuously pumped through the dialysate compartment(s) of the dialyser while a patients blood is continuously circulated by the blood circuit, through the blood compartment(s) of the dialyser.
- the circuits can be charged with a sterilizing medium, by the introduction of a sterilizing conce'ntrate such as formalin concentrate from a supply 15 to the tank 2 by the operation ofa pump 16 and continued operation of pumps 9 and 11 for a time sufficient fully to circulate the sterilizing mixture.
- a sterilizing medium such as formalin concentrate from a supply 15 to the tank 2 by the operation ofa pump 16 and continued operation of pumps 9 and 11 for a time sufficient fully to circulate the sterilizing mixture.
- the sterilizing medium may be introduced by venturi means and it could be introduced into the line 1 instead of into the tank 2.
- the invention provides an in situ method of washing both the blood and dialysate compartments of the dialyser utilizing the dialysate supply system of the machine. Moreover, the invention provides a method of distributing a concentrated toxic sterilizing solution, such as a formalin-solution, after dilution, to the dialyser without the necessity of handling the concentrated solution and without the effects of having toxic vapours from the solution within the system environment. This is of particular importance for individuals with sensitive skins.
- a concentrated toxic sterilizing solution such as a formalin-solution
- a method as recited in claim 1 wherein the step of connecting the blood compartment of said dialyser to said dialysate supply system is accomplished by connecting ends of ablood circuit, said ends previously having been attached to a patients blood supply, containing said blood compartment and a blood pump to said dialysate supply system so that said blood pump circulates liquid from said supply system through said blood circuit.
- a method as recited in claim 3 wherein the method comprises the additional step of washing both said compartments of said dialyser with pure heated and deaerated water from said supply system after said washing with dialysate.
- a method as recited in claim 1 wherein the method comprises the additional step of providing a sterilizing medium to said supply system to supply said sterilizing medium to both said compartments of said dialyser after said washing of said compartments.
- a dialysate supply system for an artificial kidney machine with a dialyser having a blood circuit including blood supply lines and blood and dialysate compartments said supply system comprising means for producing dialysate by mixing water with metered quantities of dialysate concentrate and heating and deaerating the mixture, and connection means for connecting said supply system with said dialyser blood circuit so that after a blood dialysate treatment liquid from said supply system can be delivered to said dialyser blood compartment for washing said compartment.
- one of said tanks is an overflow tank from the other of said tanks.
Abstract
A system for supplying a blood dialyser with dialysing fluid with connections enabling the system to be connected with the dialyser blood compartment, so that after a dialysing treatment, the supply system can be used to supply washing and sterilizing liquid both to the blood compartment and the dialysate compartment of the dialyser.
Description
ilited States Patent 1191 Shaldon Mar. 18, 1975 CLEANING OF DIALYSER [56] References Cited COMPARTMENTS AND BLOOD LINES OF UNITED STATES PATENTS ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY MACHINE 3,441,136 4/1969 Serfass et al 210/321 x 75 inventor; Stanley Shaldon, London, England 3,753,493 8/1973 Mellor 210/321 X [73] Assignee: DiallysisdSystems Limited, London, Primary Examiner s Leon Bashore Eng an Assistant ExaminerRichard H. Tushin [22] Filed: Feb. 13, 1973 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Cushman, Darby &
C h 211 Appl. No.: 332,077
[57] ABSTRACT I301 Forelgn Apphcauoni pnomy Data A system for supplying a blood dialyser with dialysing M111. 14, I972 Great Blltkllli onnections enabling the ystem to be connected with the dialyser blood compartment, so that [52] U.S. Cl. 134/22 R, 134/22 C, 134/26, fte a di l ing treatment, the supply system can be 134/42, 210/22, 210/321 used to supply washing and sterilizing liquid both to [51] int. Cl B08b 9/02, B08b 9/08 the m compartment and the diaiysate compflfi- [58] Field of Search 210/321, 22; 134/22 R, ment f the dialysen 9 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure PATENTED I 3.871 813 CLEANING OF DIALYSER COMPARTMENTS AND BLOOD LINES OF ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY MACHINE This invention relates to artificial kidney machines for blood dialysis. Such machines comprise a dialyser, which may take a number of forms such as parallel flow, coil or capillary type of dialyser, and systems for pumping the blood and dialysing fluid or dialysate through the dialyser.
After a dialysis treatment has been completed using a machine of the above type, it is necessary to wash and sterilize the entire machine system including the dialyser compartments, in preparation for a subsequent dialysis treatment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel method and means for cleaning and sterilizing the blood and dialysate compartments of a dialyser after use.
According to the invention, after a dialysis treatment, we connect the blood compartment of a dialyser to the dialysate production and supply system of the machine and utilize the system to supply liquid to both the blood and dialysate compartments of the dialyser for washing and/or sterilizing purposes.
According to a further feature of the invention, we provide the dialysate production and supply system. of an artificial kidney machine with connections enabling the system to be connected with a blood circuit of a dialyser so that liquid from the supply system can be delivered to the dialyser blood compartment for washing and/or sterilizing purposes after completion of adialysis treatment.
The invention will now be described by way of an example with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a circuit diagram of an artificial kidney machine.
The machine comprises a dialysate production and delivery system A and a dialyser B which may be of the parallel flow, coil or capillary type. System A includes a dialysate production arrangement 1 not shown in detail in the drawing but comprising conventional mainswater and dialysate mixing and concentration control means 1 and conventional mixture heating means 1', the arrangement 1, 1' supplying dialysate to the base of a first header tank 2 from where the dialysate circulates through a de-aerating conventional circuit 3 and is pumped into a second header tank 4 linked to the first tank as shown. (Tanks 2 and 4 could be combined into a single partitioned tank). Tank 4 has an overflow 5 leading into a third tank 6 on a lower level, tank 6 itself having an overflow 7 going to drain. A connection 8 from tank 4 leads to the dialysate compartment or compartments of the dialyser and during a dialysis treatment, dialysate is constantly drawn through the dialyser from tank 4 by a pump 9 and discharged to the drain, the dialysate supply being continuously replenished by the production system, which is run so that tanks 2, 4 and 6 are all kept flushed with liquid. Further, during dialysis, the blood compartment or compartments of the dialyser continuously receive blood from a patient through a blood circuit comprising an intravascular needle fitting, a supply line 10 and blood pump 11, the blood being returned to the patient from the dialysis through a further blood line 12 and needle fitting. Thus during dialysis, dialysate is continuously pumped through the dialysate compartment(s) of the dialyser while a patients blood is continuously circulated by the blood circuit, through the blood compartment(s) of the dialyser.
When dialysis has been completed, first the needle through which blood passes from the patient is removed from the patient and this end of the blood circuit is connected to a saline supply so that continued operation of the blood pump 11 returns all the patients blood from within the dialyser at which stage the blood inlet needle is removed from the patient. The blood circuit is then purged of saline after which the opposite ends of the blood circuit lines 10 and 12 (previously connected to the patients blood supply) are attached to connections 13 and 14 respectively, leading to and from tanks 4 and 6. By this means, continued operation of the blood pump 11 causes dialysate from the supply system A to be circulated through the blood circuit for washing purposes. By suitable operation of pumps 9 and 11, both the blood circuit and thedialysate circuit, including the dialyser compartments can be flushed with dialysing fluid and subsequently wit-h pure water by shutting off the supply of dialysate concentrate.
Finally, after the system has been thoroughly flushed with water, the circuits can be charged with a sterilizing medium, by the introduction of a sterilizing conce'ntrate such as formalin concentrate from a supply 15 to the tank 2 by the operation ofa pump 16 and continued operation of pumps 9 and 11 for a time sufficient fully to circulate the sterilizing mixture. Alternatively, the sterilizing medium may be introduced by venturi means and it could be introduced into the line 1 instead of into the tank 2.
It will be appreciated that the invention provides an in situ method of washing both the blood and dialysate compartments of the dialyser utilizing the dialysate supply system of the machine. Moreover, the invention provides a method of distributing a concentrated toxic sterilizing solution, such as a formalin-solution, after dilution, to the dialyser without the necessity of handling the concentrated solution and without the effects of having toxic vapours from the solution within the system environment. This is of particular importance for individuals with sensitive skins.
It will also be appreciated that while the invention has been described in relation to one particular form of dialysate supply system, it is also applicable to other forms of supply system.
I claim:
1. A method of washing a blood dialyser of an artificial kidney machine of the type having a supply system which produces dialysate by mixing water with metered quantities of dialysate concentrate and heats and deaerates the resultant mixture, said dialyser having a blood compartment and a dialysate compartment, said method comprising the steps of:
a. connecting the blood compartment of said dialyser to said dialysate supply system of said machine, and
b. using liquid from said supply system to wash both the blood and dialysate compartments of said dialyser.
2. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the step of connecting the blood compartment of said dialyser to said dialysate supply system is accomplished by connecting ends of ablood circuit, said ends previously having been attached to a patients blood supply, containing said blood compartment and a blood pump to said dialysate supply system so that said blood pump circulates liquid from said supply system through said blood circuit.
3. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the washing liquid for both said compartments of said dialyser initially comprises dialysate.
4. A method as recited in claim 3 wherein the method comprises the additional step of washing both said compartments of said dialyser with pure heated and deaerated water from said supply system after said washing with dialysate.
5. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the method comprises the additional step of providing a sterilizing medium to said supply system to supply said sterilizing medium to both said compartments of said dialyser after said washing of said compartments.
6. A dialysate supply system for an artificial kidney machine with a dialyser having a blood circuit including blood supply lines and blood and dialysate compartments, said supply system comprising means for producing dialysate by mixing water with metered quantities of dialysate concentrate and heating and deaerating the mixture, and connection means for connecting said supply system with said dialyser blood circuit so that after a blood dialysate treatment liquid from said supply system can be delivered to said dialyser blood compartment for washing said compartment.
7. A system as claimed in claim 6, including a pair of dialysate header tanks in liquid-flow communication wherein said connection means comprise a connection leading into each tank.
8. A system as claimed in claim 7, wherein one of said tanks is an overflow tank from the other of said tanks.
9. A system as claimed in any of claims 6 including.
means for introducing a sterilizing medium into the system and hence into said blood and dialysate compartments of said dialyser.
Claims (9)
1. A METHOD OF WASHING A BLOOD DIALYSER OF AN ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY MACHINE OF THE TYPE HAVING A SUPPLY SYSTEM WHICH PRODUCES DIALYSATE BY MIXING WATER WITH METERED QUANTITIES OF DIALYSATE CONCENTRATE AND HEATS AND DEAERATES THE RESULTANT MIXTURE, SAID DIALYSER HAVING A BLOOD COMPARTMENT AND A DIALYSATE COMPARTMENT, SAID METHOD COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: A. CONNECTING THE BLOOD COMPARTMENT OF SAID DIALYSER TO SAID DIALYSATE COMPARTMENT, SAID METHOD COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: B. USING LIQUID FROM SAID SUPPLY SYSTEM TO WASH BOTH THE BLOOD AND DIALYSATE COMPARTMENTS OF SAID DIALYSER.
2. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the step of connecting the blood compartment of said dialyser to said dialysate supply system is accomplished by connecting ends of a blood circuit, said ends previously having been attached to a patient''s blood supply, containing said blood compartment and a blood pump to said dialysate supply system so that said blood pump circulates liquid from said supply system through said blood circuit.
3. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the washing liquid for both said compartments of said dialyser initially comprises dialysate.
4. A method as recited in claim 3 wherein the method comprises the additional step of washing both said compartments of said dialyser with pure heated and deaerated water from said supply system after said washing with dialysate.
5. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the method comPrises the additional step of providing a sterilizing medium to said supply system to supply said sterilizing medium to both said compartments of said dialyser after said washing of said compartments.
6. A dialysate supply system for an artificial kidney machine with a dialyser having a blood circuit including blood supply lines and blood and dialysate compartments, said supply system comprising means for producing dialysate by mixing water with metered quantities of dialysate concentrate and heating and deaerating the mixture, and connection means for connecting said supply system with said dialyser blood circuit so that after a blood dialysate treatment liquid from said supply system can be delivered to said dialyser blood compartment for washing said compartment.
7. A system as claimed in claim 6, including a pair of dialysate header tanks in liquid-flow communication wherein said connection means comprise a connection leading into each tank.
8. A system as claimed in claim 7, wherein one of said tanks is an overflow tank from the other of said tanks.
9. A system as claimed in any of claims 6 including means for introducing a sterilizing medium into the system and hence into said blood and dialysate compartments of said dialyser.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1189872A GB1368518A (en) | 1972-03-14 | 1972-03-14 | Artificial kidney machines |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3871913A true US3871913A (en) | 1975-03-18 |
Family
ID=9994684
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US332077A Expired - Lifetime US3871913A (en) | 1972-03-14 | 1973-02-13 | Cleaning of dialyser compartments and blood lines of artificial kidney machine |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3871913A (en) |
DE (1) | DE7309462U (en) |
FR (1) | FR2175945B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1368518A (en) |
Cited By (42)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2745573A1 (en) * | 1976-10-14 | 1978-04-20 | Gambro Ab | DIALYSIS SYSTEM |
US4166031A (en) * | 1976-05-21 | 1979-08-28 | Dean Hardy | Artificial kidney cleaning apparatus and process |
WO1981002534A1 (en) * | 1980-03-03 | 1981-09-17 | United Healthcare Ass Inc | Automated cleaning system for dialyzers |
US4399030A (en) * | 1981-04-28 | 1983-08-16 | Cobe Laboratories, Inc. | Rinsing, cleaning and disinfecting dialysate preparation and supply apparatus |
US4444597A (en) * | 1980-03-03 | 1984-04-24 | Norman Gortz | Automated cleaning method for dialyzers |
US4444596A (en) * | 1980-03-03 | 1984-04-24 | Norman Gortz | Automated cleaning method for dialyzers |
US4673506A (en) * | 1983-05-28 | 1987-06-16 | Akzo Nv | Cleaning treatment for blood compartments of dialyzators |
US4695385A (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1987-09-22 | Colorado Medical, Inc. | Dialyzer reuse system |
US4857181A (en) * | 1986-10-30 | 1989-08-15 | Cobe Laboratories, Inc. | Control of cleaning of dialysate preparation apparatus |
US5173125A (en) * | 1990-05-25 | 1992-12-22 | Gambro Ab | System for controlling medical treatments such as dialysis |
US5268144A (en) * | 1989-11-04 | 1993-12-07 | Fresenius Ag | Method for sterilizing a medical unit |
US5336165A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1994-08-09 | Twardowski Zbylut J | Artificial kidney for frequent (daily) Hemodialysis |
US5490925A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1996-02-13 | Medical Support Gmbh | Assembly for the on-line flushing and filling of an extracorporeal blood circulation system of dialysis machines |
EP0722740A2 (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1996-07-24 | Miura-denshi Kabushiki-kaisha | Washing and disinfecting method and apparatus for artificial dialyzer using acid water electrolytically made |
WO1996025214A1 (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1996-08-22 | Aksys, Ltd. | Modular home dialysis system |
EP0737482A2 (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1996-10-16 | Noriaki Tanaka | Method of cleaning and disinfecting hemodialysis equipment, cleaning disinfectant, and cleaning and disinfecting apparatus |
US5641456A (en) * | 1995-09-13 | 1997-06-24 | Marco Equipment Distributors, Inc. | Apparatus and method for cleaning |
US5702536A (en) * | 1992-11-16 | 1997-12-30 | Hill Rom Company, Inc. | Method of cleaning a patient support device for care, maintenance, and treatment of the patient |
US5772624A (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 1998-06-30 | Medisystems Technology Corporation | Reusable blood lines |
US5853014A (en) * | 1995-09-13 | 1998-12-29 | Med-O-Tech, Inc. | PC apparatus for cleaning |
US5902476A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1999-05-11 | Twardowski; Zbylut J. | Artificial kidney for frequent (daily) hemodialysis |
US6482370B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2002-11-19 | Marco Equipment Distributors, Inc. | Apparatus and method for generating and circulating ozone for disinfection/sterilization of dental waterlines |
US6655394B1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 2003-12-02 | Noriaki Tanaka | Method and apparatus for reprocessing dialyzers |
US20080041787A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-02-21 | Toshiharu Sawada | Dialysis device and method for cleaning the same |
US20080169005A1 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-17 | Murawski Joseph J | Device and method for fluid dynamics cleaning of constrained spaces |
US20090004053A1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-01-01 | Kenley Rodney S | Devices, systems, and methods for cleaning, disinfecting, rinsing, and priming blood separation devices and associated fluid lines |
US20090127193A1 (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2009-05-21 | Palmer David Updyke | Dialysis Systems and Methods |
US7744553B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2010-06-29 | Baxter International Inc. | Medical fluid therapy flow control systems and methods |
US20100181235A1 (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2010-07-22 | Gambro Lundia Ab | device for connecting to a liquid source |
ITRM20090523A1 (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2011-04-10 | Over S R L | EQUIPMENT FOR EXTRACORPROOF HEMODIALYSIS PREPARED FOR THE DECONTAMINATION OF LINES AND FILTERS. |
US8449686B2 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2013-05-28 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Methods for cleaning a drain line of a dialysis machine |
US8631683B2 (en) | 2007-02-06 | 2014-01-21 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Dialysis systems including non-invasive multi-function sensor systems |
US8784668B2 (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2014-07-22 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Systems and methods for compensation of compliant behavior in regenerative dialysis systems |
US8836519B2 (en) | 2011-05-12 | 2014-09-16 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Determining the absence or presence of fluid in a dialysis system |
US8889004B2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2014-11-18 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Dialysis systems and methods |
US8906240B2 (en) | 2011-08-29 | 2014-12-09 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Early detection of low bicarbonate level |
US8992777B2 (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2015-03-31 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Systems and methods for providing notifications in dialysis systems |
US9165112B2 (en) | 2012-02-03 | 2015-10-20 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Systems and methods for displaying objects at a medical treatment apparatus display screen |
US20160045656A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-02-18 | Quanta Fluid Solutions Ltd. | Disposable Cartridge System for Use with Sorbent or Premixed Dialysate |
US9333286B2 (en) | 2011-05-12 | 2016-05-10 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Medical tubing installation detection |
US9526820B2 (en) | 2009-08-04 | 2016-12-27 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Dialysis systems, components, and methods |
WO2021067247A1 (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Drain apparatus for hemodialysis machines |
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JPS524696A (en) * | 1975-05-29 | 1977-01-13 | Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd | Method and device for dialyzing blood |
FR2700120B1 (en) * | 1993-01-05 | 1995-03-31 | Saumur Ateliers Aeronautiques | Method and device for the decontamination of the extracorporeal circuit of a hemodialyzer. |
FR2700121B1 (en) * | 1993-01-05 | 1995-03-31 | Saumur Ateliers Aeronautiques | Device capable of successively ensuring hemodialysis and decontamination of the extracorporeal circuit of the hemodialyzer used. |
SE525132C2 (en) † | 2001-11-23 | 2004-12-07 | Gambro Lundia Ab | Method of operation of dialysis device |
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US3753493A (en) * | 1971-04-23 | 1973-08-21 | E Mellor | Artificial kidney cleaning apparatus |
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US3474907A (en) * | 1966-03-15 | 1969-10-28 | Sweden Freezer Mfg Co | Dialysis control system |
DE1927615A1 (en) * | 1969-05-30 | 1970-12-10 | Nephro Dialysiergeraete Gmbh | Dialysis system |
NO121008B (en) * | 1969-11-11 | 1971-01-04 | Nycotron As |
-
1972
- 1972-03-14 GB GB1189872A patent/GB1368518A/en not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-02-13 US US332077A patent/US3871913A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-03-13 DE DE19737309462U patent/DE7309462U/en not_active Expired
- 1973-03-13 FR FR7308822A patent/FR2175945B1/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
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US3441136A (en) * | 1966-07-07 | 1969-04-29 | Milton Roy Co | Controlled blood dialysis system |
US3753493A (en) * | 1971-04-23 | 1973-08-21 | E Mellor | Artificial kidney cleaning apparatus |
Cited By (90)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4166031A (en) * | 1976-05-21 | 1979-08-28 | Dean Hardy | Artificial kidney cleaning apparatus and process |
DE2745573A1 (en) * | 1976-10-14 | 1978-04-20 | Gambro Ab | DIALYSIS SYSTEM |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2175945B1 (en) | 1977-02-04 |
FR2175945A1 (en) | 1973-10-26 |
GB1368518A (en) | 1974-09-25 |
DE7309462U (en) | 1973-06-14 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: GAMBRO LIMITED; CHICHESTER HOUSE, 278/282, HIGH HO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:DIALYSIS SYSTEMS LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:004065/0271 Effective date: 19821110 |