US3812283A - Pressure resistant cable - Google Patents
Pressure resistant cable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3812283A US3812283A US00347318A US34731873A US3812283A US 3812283 A US3812283 A US 3812283A US 00347318 A US00347318 A US 00347318A US 34731873 A US34731873 A US 34731873A US 3812283 A US3812283 A US 3812283A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- tapes
- splice
- tensile
- conductors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G15/00—Cable fittings
- H02G15/08—Cable junctions
- H02G15/10—Cable junctions protected by boxes, e.g. by distribution, connection or junction boxes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/02—Cables with twisted pairs or quads
- H01B11/06—Cables with twisted pairs or quads with means for reducing effects of electromagnetic or electrostatic disturbances, e.g. screens
Definitions
- a land lines communication cable system resistant to shock pressures comprises an integral tensile unit wherein tensile tapes covering the cable lengths are secured to splice cases, and an integral compressive unit wherein a plurality of both cable lengths and splice boxes are filled with an intercommunicating incompressible pasty composition.
- Communication cables which in this application are construed to include cables for communicating not only voice signals but signals other than voice signals including what are sometimes designated control cables, are herein designated land lines cables as distinguished from submarine cables.
- Such cables in combination with splices and/or auxiliarly equipment such as amplifiers comprise a cable system which may be buried in whole or in part. While it has been known to protect cables, including communications cables, from mechanical damage by covering them with armor wires or tapes, this has not provided protection against gaseous pressure waves that pass through interstices in the armor, or tensile forces so great in extent that they affect areas beyond the termination of the armor.
- This system comprises a plurality of lengths of cable each comprising a plurality of insulated communications conductors and a tubular sheath, such as a polymeric extrudate, surrounding the conductors and a plurality of layers of high-tensile-strength armor tapes surrounding the sheath.
- Our system also comprises at least one connection between the cable lengths comprising a splice between the conductors of the different cable lengths and a splice case enclosing the splice and, possibly, auxilliary apparatus.
- the splice case is characterized by the fact that, although it is normally maintained at atmospheric pressure, it has substantial hoop strength and is capable of withstanding high tensile and compressive shock forces.
- the case comprises means at both ends for securing the armor tapes of different lengths of cable so that tensile stresses are carried through one of the lengths, the case, and the tapes of another length acting as one continuous tensile member.
- An incompressible pasty composition fills all void spaces within the cable sheaths and the splice case and can flow from one to the other under a high pressure differential. Since, however, the case is filled with composition and has an exceedingly high hoop strength the composition in the cable has no outlet to flow into when a portion of the cable is subject to compression. It cannot burst out of a remote section of the cable itself because of the high tensile strength of the armor tapes.
- a preferred embodiment of cable for our system comprises a continuous extruded tubular polymeric sheath surrounding a plurality of insulated communication conductors, a corrugated steel shielding tape wrapped with an overlapped longitudinal seam to surround the sheath, and a continuous extruded polymeric jacket over the shielding tape.
- This tape has an overlapping portion of itself and would be free to yield under compression in the absence of pasty filler.
- a first layer of high-tensile-strength armor tapes is helically wrapped around the cable jacket with one direction of lay and is directly covered with another layer of hightensile-strength armor tapes with a reverse direction of lay.
- the armor tapes provide additional electric and magnetic shielding of the conductors and we have found that this shielding is enhanced as a result of the separation of the armor tapes from the corrugated shielding tapes by the extruded sheath.
- a continuous, polymeric, outer jacket is extruded over the second layer of armor tapes.
- These jackets and also the sheath preferably comprise a polyolefin and our system may comprise a number of splice boxes and cover a distance miles in extent.
- FIG. 1 shows a side view, partly in section, of the cable system of our invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a cut-away pictorial view of a cable of our invention.
- a cable system designated generally by the numeral 10, comprises a plurality of cable lengths 11, 12, 13, 14 15 with interconnections 16, 17, 18 comprising splice cases 19, 21, 22 of which we shall describe the interconnection 16 and splice case 19 in more detail hereinbelow.
- the structure of a cable 23 forming the cable lengths 11-15 is shown in detail in FIG. 2 to comprise a plurality of insulated conductors 24, twisted into pairs in a known manner.
- Each of the insulated conductors has a copper wire 26 and a surrounding wall of polyethylene insulation 27.
- our invention is, of course, not limited by the particular type of communication conductors in the cable 23 which may include coaxial cables, quads, unpaired conductors, and, indeed some additional strands other than communication conductors.
- 25 pairs of the insulated conductors 24 are stranded together to form a core 28.
- the conductors are No. 16 Awg (American Wire Gage) solid copper with 20-mil walls of solid polyethylene insulation, and the core formed by these conductors is wrapped with an 0.0l6-inch-thick tape 29 of SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber) backed with polyester film.
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- a sheath 31,90 mils thick, of low-density polyethylene is extruded over the core 28 and over this has been folded a ten-mil corrugated shielding tape 32 of low-carbon, tin-coated steel. Over the steel tape 32 is extruded a -mil jacket 33 of low-density polyethylene to a diameter of 1.845 inch.
- a plurality of high-tensile strength tapes 34 are wrapped around the jacket 33 in two layers 36 and 37. The tapes 34 are rolled from copper-clad steel to a dimension of 0.050 X 0.200 inch, the layer 36 being applied with a 12 inch right hand lay and the layer 37 with a 12 /2 inch left hand lay.
- the re verse lays of the layers 36 and 37 keep the cable balanced under tension and the pitch diameter of the armor tape layers is long enough to provide an extremely high tensile strength for the cable as a whole, easily withstanding a pull of 30,000 pounds without damage, while at the same time being short enough to provide the hoop strength necessary to confine the contents of the core when portions of the cable are subjected to compression.
- a pasty composition 38 fills the space between the conductors 24 in the core 28.
- This composition is essentially incompressible and preferably will be water insoluble and have a high dielectric strength.
- a suitable composition is described in US. Pat. NO. 3,539,708.
- An overall low density polyethylene jacket 39 is extruded over the layer 37 providing mechanical and moisture protection to the cable 23.
- the large size and weight of the cable 23 limits the continuous length that can be delivered to any installation site so that connections will be required even in the absence of amplification or branching of the cable system.
- the wires 26 of the cable lengths l1 and 12 can be spliced by any suitable means of which several are known, after cutting away the overlaying layers as shall be explained.
- the splice is finally protected by the heavy splice case 19 which is formed by bolting together upper and lower flanged sections 41, 42 with a large plurality of bolts and nuts 44 to provide a very high hoop strength.
- the ends of the sections 41, 42 bolt to end plates 46, 47 by means of cap nuts 48.
- the end plates 46, 47 have circular grooves 49 scored for firm gripping of the armor tapes 34 which are wrapped around steel rings 51 shaped to fit the grooves 49 on one face 52 and flattened on the other face 53.
- the flattened surface 53 serves to grip the ends of the tapes 34 against a scored surface 54 of a facing plate 56 which is locked against the ring 51 by means of long bolts 57 which thread into taps in the plate 46.
- a gusseted stub tube 58 fits a counter bore 59 in the facing plate 56, the plate 56 and tube 58 having an inside diameter closely fitting over the layer 37.
- the case 19 encloses a split inner steel casing 61 having thin tubular extensions 62 that fit closely over the shielding tape 32 and make electrical contact with the shielding 32, such as by being wired down upon the tape or soldered to it so that the casing 61 affords shielding continuity between tapes 32 of the two lengths 11, and 12, and so on.
- the shielding is continuous.
- the case 19 itself provides shielding continuity as well as structural continuity of the layers 36, 37.
- the splices in the wires 26 are staggered within the casing 61 and the tapes 29, 32 and sheath, 31 are cut off so that they extend a short distance within the easing 61 to expose the conductors 24 for splicing.
- the jacket 33 is cut off so that it extends within the case 19 a short distance from the extension 62.
- the tapes 34 are cut so as to leave enough free length for wrapping around the ring 51, and the jacket 39 is cut just short of abutting the tube 58.
- the casing-61 Surrounding the splice in the wires, the casing-61 is completely filled with the pasty composition 38 forming a continuum with the composition in the cable cores. Outside of the casing 61 composition fills the remaining space in the case 19. There is, in fact, a continuous pressure contact of the composition 38 within our system including the cable lengths 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and cases 19, 21, 22.
- the case 22 is bifurcated at one end to provide for a branched splice but each of bifurcations 63, 64 is provided with plates 56, 46 and ring 51 to anchor the tape armors in the manner of the case 19.
- a cable for a land lines communication system resistant to destruction by high external shock pressures comprising:
- G a first layer of high-tensile-strength copper-clad steel armor tapes helically wrapped around said jacket with a selected direction of lay
- a second layer of high-tensile-strength copperclad steel armor tapes helically wrapped over said first layer with a direction of lay in reverse of the direction of said first layer
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 2. The cable of claim 1 wherein said sheath and said jackets comprise polyethylene.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00347318A US3812283A (en) | 1971-02-19 | 1973-04-02 | Pressure resistant cable |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11684571A | 1971-02-19 | 1971-02-19 | |
US00347318A US3812283A (en) | 1971-02-19 | 1973-04-02 | Pressure resistant cable |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3812283A true US3812283A (en) | 1974-05-21 |
Family
ID=26814682
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00347318A Expired - Lifetime US3812283A (en) | 1971-02-19 | 1973-04-02 | Pressure resistant cable |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3812283A (en) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4130450A (en) * | 1975-11-12 | 1978-12-19 | General Cable Corporation | Method of making extruded solid dielectric high voltage cable resistant to electrochemical trees |
US4642417A (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1987-02-10 | Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft | Concentric three-conductor cable |
US5086196A (en) * | 1990-08-09 | 1992-02-04 | Camco, Incorporated | Electro-mechanical cable for cable deployed pumping systems |
US5146046A (en) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-09-08 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Cable having waterblocking provisions between layers of relatively rigid and supple materials |
US5153381A (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1992-10-06 | Alcan Aluminum Corporation | Metal clad cable and method of making |
US5300733A (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 1994-04-05 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Water impervious rubber or plastic insulated power cable |
US5373100A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1994-12-13 | At&T Corp. | Communication cable having water-blocking capabilities |
US6148514A (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2000-11-21 | Beaufrand; Emmanuel Marie Eugene | Method for butt-end electromechanical splicing |
US6717493B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2004-04-06 | Andrew Corporation | RF cable having clad conductors and method of making same |
US20070278214A1 (en) * | 2004-03-08 | 2007-12-06 | Michael Weiss | Flat Heating Element |
US20080189940A1 (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2008-08-14 | Superior Essex Communications Lp | Communication cable with an asymmetrically clad steel shield |
US20150136435A1 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-21 | Nexans | Cable for down hole pump |
US20180158570A1 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2018-06-07 | Ls Cable & System Ltd. | Power cable |
-
1973
- 1973-04-02 US US00347318A patent/US3812283A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4130450A (en) * | 1975-11-12 | 1978-12-19 | General Cable Corporation | Method of making extruded solid dielectric high voltage cable resistant to electrochemical trees |
US4642417A (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1987-02-10 | Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft | Concentric three-conductor cable |
US5153381A (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1992-10-06 | Alcan Aluminum Corporation | Metal clad cable and method of making |
US5086196A (en) * | 1990-08-09 | 1992-02-04 | Camco, Incorporated | Electro-mechanical cable for cable deployed pumping systems |
US5146046A (en) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-09-08 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Cable having waterblocking provisions between layers of relatively rigid and supple materials |
US5373100A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1994-12-13 | At&T Corp. | Communication cable having water-blocking capabilities |
US5300733A (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 1994-04-05 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Water impervious rubber or plastic insulated power cable |
US6148514A (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2000-11-21 | Beaufrand; Emmanuel Marie Eugene | Method for butt-end electromechanical splicing |
US6717493B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2004-04-06 | Andrew Corporation | RF cable having clad conductors and method of making same |
US20070278214A1 (en) * | 2004-03-08 | 2007-12-06 | Michael Weiss | Flat Heating Element |
US20080189940A1 (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2008-08-14 | Superior Essex Communications Lp | Communication cable with an asymmetrically clad steel shield |
US20150136435A1 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-21 | Nexans | Cable for down hole pump |
US9734936B2 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2017-08-15 | Nexans | Cable for down hole pump |
US20180158570A1 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2018-06-07 | Ls Cable & System Ltd. | Power cable |
US10210967B2 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2019-02-19 | Ls Cable & System Ltd. | Power cable |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ANACONDA-ERICSSON INC., A CORP. OF DE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ANACONDA COMPANY, THE A CORP. OF DE;REEL/FRAME:003846/0822 Effective date: 19800728 Owner name: ANACONDA-ERICSSON INC., A CORP. OF, DELAWARE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ANACONDA COMPANY, THE A CORP. OF DE;REEL/FRAME:003846/0822 Effective date: 19800728 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ALCATEL NA, INC., 100 PENNY ROAD, CLAREMONT, NC., Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ERICSSON, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004923/0892 Effective date: 19880412 Owner name: ALCATEL NA, INC., A CORP OF DE., NORTH CAROLINA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ERICSSON, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004923/0892 Effective date: 19880412 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ALCATEL NA CABLE SYSTEMS, INC., A CORP. OF DELAWA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ALCATEL NA, INC., 39 SECOND STREET NW, HICKORY, NORTH CAROLINA 28603 ACORP. OF DELAWARE;REEL/FRAME:005518/0106 Effective date: 19900924 |