US3802130A - And like grinding wheels - Google Patents

And like grinding wheels Download PDF

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Publication number
US3802130A
US3802130A US00248972A US24897272A US3802130A US 3802130 A US3802130 A US 3802130A US 00248972 A US00248972 A US 00248972A US 24897272 A US24897272 A US 24897272A US 3802130 A US3802130 A US 3802130A
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concentration
particles
section
abrasive particle
section containing
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US00248972A
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Dirk-Alfred Lindenbeck
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Edenvale Engineering Works Pty Ltd
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Edenvale Engineering Works Pty Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/14—Zonally-graded wheels; Composite wheels comprising different abrasives

Definitions

  • V f f f Peripheralgrinding wheels include a hub portion having a central bore therein adapting the hub portion to be mounted on a shaft or spindle.
  • the hub portion is itself formed from some suitable support material commonly used in the art such as steel, bakelite or a light metal. Carried on the periphery of the hubportion in a position to make effective contact with a workpiece, is the effective grinding portion.
  • This portion commonly has a thickness of the, order of either onefourth inch or one-eighth inch (approximately 6 mm and 3 mm respectively).
  • This peripheral portion has abrasive particles such as diamond embedded in a cured synthetic resin or metal matrix.
  • Peripheral grinding wheels which incorporate abrasive particles such as aluminum oxide or silicon carbide can be suitably dressed both'forgood grinding efficiency, i.e. high stock removal, and for relatively low grinding efficiency, i.e. good surface finishing or polishing.
  • good grinding efficiency is first required then good polishing for a given workpiece, it is possible to dress the same wheel to achieve both effects.
  • dressing a peripheral grindingwheel incorporating diamond or cubic boron nitride is not easily achieved and hence different wheels have in the past generally been required to achieve both high stock remove] and good surfacefinish.
  • a peripheral grinding wheel having an'effective grinding portion containing diamond or cubic boron nitride abrasive particles, characterised in that the effective grinding portion, comprises two co-axial sections, the one section having coarse particles and providing, in use, a high stock removal (hereinafter referred to as the coarse section) and the other section having fine particles and providing, in use, a good surface finish (hereinafter referred to as the fine section");
  • the effective grinding portion consists of two such co-axial sections.
  • the effective grinding portion consists of a central fine section sandwiched between two outer coarse sections.
  • the coarse section is preferably wider than the fine I section the width in any given case being influenced by the amount of crossfeed during grinding.
  • the widths of the sections will preferably be 20 percent or more greater than the amount of crossfeed.
  • concentration of abrasive particle in the fine section or sections is greater than, preferably three times greater than, the concentration of abrasive particle in the coarse section or sections.
  • concentration is determined by taking the weight of abrasive particle per unit volume of the finished grinding element. The grinding element in'this ease-is the effective grinding portion. The concentration is expressed relative to a standard of where the weight of abra-
  • the preferred concentrations of abrasive particle in the fine section will vary with matrix being used. In the case of a cured synthetic resin matrix, the preferred concentration of abrasive particle in the fine section or sections is 100 to 150. In the case of a metal matrix, the preferred concentration of the abrasive particle in the fi'ne'section or sections is 100 to 300.
  • the preferred concentration of abrasive particle in the coarse sectionor sections is 50 to 100, irrespective of the matrix material.
  • the fine abrasive particles preferably have a size between 170/2 00 mesh and 300/350 mesh andthe size of the coarse particles is preferably between 60/80 mesh and 100/120 mesh.
  • the particles are metal coated.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown the effective grinding portion 10 of a peripheral grinding wheel which consists of two co-axial sections 12 and 14.
  • Section 12 is the fine section and contains fine diamond grit of size 170/200 mesh while the section 14 is the coarse section and contains coarse diamond grit of size 60/70 meshr
  • the grit concentration of the fine section is (i.e. 108 carats per cubic inch).while the grit concentration of the coarse sectionis 50.
  • the matrix material for both sections is cured synthetic resin and the-diamond grit is metal coated grit known as DX DA MC. e
  • the sections 22 and 26 are the coarse sections with grit size and concentration as for the section 14.
  • the section 24 is the fine section, with grit size and concentration as for the section 12.
  • The-matrix material is again synthetic resin and the grit is DX DA MC.
  • thewheels are used for grinding workpieces such as metal workpieces.
  • 'a grinding process can be carried out with cross-feeds from opposite directions.
  • the sharp edges 28 shown in' dotted lines
  • the outer sections 22, 26 will remove-most of the material being ground whereas the central section 24 will polish the surface left by the outer sections.
  • the grinding wheel 10 of FIG. I may be used for grinding with the crossfeed being applied in only one direction i.e. the crossfeed of the workpiece in the direction of the arrow 16.
  • the profile of this wheel, in use will have less curvature than that shown in FIG. 2, the curvature being indicated by solid lines in FIG. 1. This will have the effect of considerably reducing the waviness.
  • such a grinding process is more efficient as a greater amount of the diamonds are used during grinding. Therefore, lower wheel costs and better surface finish are obtained when an abrasive wheel, as shown in FIG. 1 is used with crossfeed in only one direction.
  • a peripheral grinding wheel having an effective grinding portion containing abrasive particles selected from diamond and cubic boron nitride abrasive particles, characterised in that the effective grinding portion comprises two co-axial sections, the one section containing coarse particles, from 60/80 mesh to 100/120 mesh in size, and the other section containing fine particles, from 170/200 mesh to 300/350 mesh in size, and the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the fine particles being greater than the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the coarse particles.
  • a wheel according to claim 1- wherein the efi'ective grinding portion consists of a central section containing fine particles sandwiched between two outer sections containing coarse particles.

Abstract

A peripheral grinding wheel wherein the peripheral grinding portion contains diamond or cubic boron nitride abrasive particles and is characterised in that it consists of two coaxial sections, the one section being a coarse section and containing coarse particles of between 60/80 mesh and 100/120 mesh and the other being a fine section containing fine particles of between 170/200 and 300/350 mesh, or in that it consists of a fine section sandwiched between two coarse sections, in each case the concentration of abrasive particle in the fine section preferably being greater than the concentration of abrasive particle in the coarse section.

Description

United States Patent 1191 Lindenbeck 451 Apr. 9, 1974 [54] DIAMOND AND LIKE GRINDING WHEELS 2,594,137 4/1952 Doermann 51/207 [75] Inventor: DirbAlmd Lindenbeck, Randburg, 1,616,53l 2/1927 Klllg 51/207 South Africa 7 Primary Examiner-Donald G. Kelly [73] Assignee: Edenvale Engineering Works Attorney, Agent, or Firm-v-Young & Thompson (Proprietary) Limited, zllliil'llnesblll'g, Transvaal, South ABSTRACT A peripheral grinding wheel wherein the peripheral [21] Appl 248972 grinding portion contains diamond or cubic boron nitride abrasive particles and is characterised in that it [30] Foreign Application Priority Data consists of two co-axial sections, the one section being May 12, 1971 South Africa 71/3105 a coarse Section and Containing Coarse Pattie!es f tween 60/80 mesh and 100/120 mesh and the other [52] US. Cl. 51/207 being/a fine Section Containing fine Particles of 51 Int. Cl 1124a 5/14 tween 170/200 n 300/550 in that it 531 Field f Search; 51 207 204 20 1x20 4 sists of a fine section sandwiched between two coarse 5 2 9 R sections, in each case the concentration of abrasive 1 I particle in the fine section preferably being greater 5 References Cited than the concentration of abrasive particle in the UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,067,55l 12/1962 Maginnis Si/207 X 7 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures DIAMOND AND LIKE GRINDING WHEELS Thisinvention relates to peripheral grinding wheels incorporating as abrasive particles diamond or cubic boron nitride. V f f f Peripheralgrinding wheels include a hub portion having a central bore therein adapting the hub portion to be mounted on a shaft or spindle. The hub portion is itself formed from some suitable support material commonly used in the art such as steel, bakelite or a light metal. Carried on the periphery of the hubportion in a position to make effective contact with a workpiece, is the effective grinding portion. This portion commonly has a thickness of the, order of either onefourth inch or one-eighth inch (approximately 6 mm and 3 mm respectively). This peripheral portion has abrasive particles such as diamond embedded in a cured synthetic resin or metal matrix.
Peripheral grinding wheels which incorporate abrasive particles such as aluminum oxide or silicon carbide can be suitably dressed both'forgood grinding efficiency, i.e. high stock removal, and for relatively low grinding efficiency, i.e. good surface finishing or polishing. When good grinding efficiency is first required then good polishing for a given workpiece, it is possible to dress the same wheel to achieve both effects. However, dressing a peripheral grindingwheel incorporating diamond or cubic boron nitride is not easily achieved and hence different wheels have in the past generally been required to achieve both high stock remove] and good surfacefinish.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a peripheral grinding wheelincorporating diamond or cubicboron nitride abrasive particles which minimises the abovementioned shortcomings of similar wheels of 5 the prior art. 1
According to the invention, there isprovided a peripheral grinding wheel having an'effective grinding portion containing diamond or cubic boron nitride abrasive particles, characterised in that the effective grinding portion, comprises two co-axial sections, the one section having coarse particles and providing, in use, a high stock removal (hereinafter referred to as the coarse section) and the other section having fine particles and providing, in use, a good surface finish (hereinafter referred to as the fine section");
In one form of the invention, the effective grinding portion consists of two such co-axial sections.
In another form of the invention, the effective grinding portion consists of a central fine section sandwiched between two outer coarse sections.
The coarse section is preferably wider than the fine I section the width in any given case being influenced by the amount of crossfeed during grinding. The widths of the sections will preferably be 20 percent or more greater than the amount of crossfeed.
It has been found that particularly good results are achieved if the concentration of abrasive particle in the fine section or sections is greater than, preferably three times greater than, the concentration of abrasive particle in the coarse section or sections. As is known, concentration is determined by taking the weight of abrasive particle per unit volume of the finished grinding element. The grinding element in'this ease-is the effective grinding portion. The concentration is expressed relative to a standard of where the weight of abra- The preferred concentrations of abrasive particle in the fine section will vary with matrix being used. In the case of a cured synthetic resin matrix, the preferred concentration of abrasive particle in the fine section or sections is 100 to 150. In the case of a metal matrix, the preferred concentration of the abrasive particle in the fi'ne'section or sections is 100 to 300.
The preferred concentration of abrasive particle in the coarse sectionor sections is 50 to 100, irrespective of the matrix material.
The fine abrasive particles preferably have a size between 170/2 00 mesh and 300/350 mesh andthe size of the coarse particles is preferably between 60/80 mesh and 100/120 mesh.
To ensure good retention of the abrasive particles in the matrix of the wheel it is preferred that the particles are metal coated.
Two embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing which show, in end view, the effective grinding portions of two peripheral grinding wheels according to the invention.
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown the effective grinding portion 10 of a peripheral grinding wheel which consists of two co-axial sections 12 and 14. Section 12 is the fine section and contains fine diamond grit of size 170/200 mesh while the section 14 is the coarse section and contains coarse diamond grit of size 60/70 meshrThe grit concentration of the fine section is (i.e. 108 carats per cubic inch).while the grit concentration of the coarse sectionis 50. The matrix material for both sections is cured synthetic resin and the-diamond grit is metal coated grit known as DX DA MC. e
In the wheel 20 of, FIG. 2, there are three sections, 22, 24 and26. The sections 22 and 26 are the coarse sections with grit size and concentration as for the section 14. The section 24 is the fine section, with grit size and concentration as for the section 12. The-matrix material is again synthetic resin and the grit is DX DA MC.
In use, thewheels are used for grinding workpieces such as metal workpieces. Considering first the wheel according to FIG. 2, 'a grinding process can be carried out with cross-feeds from opposite directions. As the grinding progresses, so the sharp edges 28 (shown in' dotted lines) of the effective grinding portion will be worn away and become rounded, as indicated in solid lines in the drawing. The outer sections 22, 26 will remove-most of the material being ground whereas the central section 24 will polish the surface left by the outer sections.
Because of the curved profile of the wheel 20, a waviness may be left on the workpiece surface. In order to reduce this waviness, the grinding wheel 10 of FIG. I may be used for grinding with the crossfeed being applied in only one direction i.e. the crossfeed of the workpiece in the direction of the arrow 16. The profile of this wheel, in use, will have less curvature than that shown in FIG. 2, the curvature being indicated by solid lines in FIG. 1. This will have the effect of considerably reducing the waviness. Furthermore, such a grinding process is more efficient as a greater amount of the diamonds are used during grinding. Therefore, lower wheel costs and better surface finish are obtained when an abrasive wheel, as shown in FIG. 1 is used with crossfeed in only one direction.
The illustrated embodiments have been described using metal coated diamond grit, but cubic boron nitride abrasive particles may also be used.
I claim:
1. A peripheral grinding wheel having an effective grinding portion containing abrasive particles selected from diamond and cubic boron nitride abrasive particles, characterised in that the effective grinding portion comprises two co-axial sections, the one section containing coarse particles, from 60/80 mesh to 100/120 mesh in size, and the other section containing fine particles, from 170/200 mesh to 300/350 mesh in size, and the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the fine particles being greater than the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the coarse particles.
2. A wheel according to claim 1 wherein the effective grinding portion consists of two and only two sections.
3. A wheel according to claim 1- wherein the efi'ective grinding portion consists of a central section containing fine particles sandwiched between two outer sections containing coarse particles.
4. A wheel according to claim 1 wherein the ratio of the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the fine particles to the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the coarse particles is 3:1.
5. A wheel according to claim 1 wherein the matrix of the effective grinding portion is a cured synthetic resin and the concentration of the abrasive particle in the section containing the fine particles is to and the concentration of the abrasive particle in the section containing the coarse particles is 50 to 100.
6. A wheel according to claim 1 wherein the matrix of the effective grinding portion is a matrix metal and the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the fine particles is 100 to 300 and the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the coarse particles is 50 to 100.
7. A wheel according to claim 1 wherein the abrasiv particles are metal coated.

Claims (7)

1. A peripheral grinding wheel having an effective grinding portion containing abrasive particles selected from diamond and cubic boron nitride abrasive particles, characterised in that the effective grinding portion comprises two co-axial sections, the one section containing coarse particles, from 60/80 mesh to 100/120 mesh in size, and the other section containing fine particles, from 170/200 mesh to 300/350 mesh in size, and the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the fine particles being greater than the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the coarse particles.
2. A wheel according to claim 1 wherein the effective grinding portion consists of two and only two sections.
3. A wheel according to claim 1 wherein the effective grinding portion consists of a central section containing fine particles sandwiched between two outer sections containing coarse particles.
4. A wheel according to claim 1 wherein the ratio of the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the fine particles to the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the coarse particles is 3:1.
5. A wheel according to claim 1 wherein the matrix of the effective grinding portion is a cured synthetic resin and the concentration of the abrasive particle in the section containing the fine particles is 100 to 150 and the concentration of the abrasive particle in the section containing the coarse particles is 50 to 100.
6. A wheel according to claim 1 wherein the matrix of the effective grinding portion is a matrix metal and the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the fine particles is 100 to 300 and the concentration of abrasive particle in the section containing the coarse particles is 50 to 100.
7. A wheel according to claim 1 wherein the abrasive particles are metal coated.
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ZA713105A ZA713105B (en) 1971-05-12 1971-05-12 Diamond and the like grinding wheels

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DE (1) DE2222947A1 (en)
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GB (1) GB1346269A (en)
IE (1) IE36379B1 (en)
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US5228241A (en) * 1990-09-28 1993-07-20 Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha Method and machine for grinding
US5329735A (en) * 1992-06-08 1994-07-19 Charlton Thomas J System for forming and polishing grooves in glass panels
US5853319A (en) * 1995-09-13 1998-12-29 Ernst Winter & Sohn Diamantwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Grinding tool
US5888129A (en) * 1996-05-15 1999-03-30 Neff; Charles E. Grinding wheel
US5951381A (en) * 1995-11-23 1999-09-14 Briot International Grinding wheel for ophthalmic glasses and corresponding grinding machine
US5996571A (en) * 1996-02-01 1999-12-07 Diamond Products Joint Venture Diamond core drill bit
US6159286A (en) * 1997-04-04 2000-12-12 Sung; Chien-Min Process for controlling diamond nucleation during diamond synthesis
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US6286498B1 (en) 1997-04-04 2001-09-11 Chien-Min Sung Metal bond diamond tools that contain uniform or patterned distribution of diamond grits and method of manufacture thereof
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US20030176157A1 (en) * 2002-03-05 2003-09-18 Noritake Co., Limited Grinding wheel having synthetic resin layers covering axially opposite end faces of body of the wheel
US6638152B1 (en) * 1998-09-03 2003-10-28 Ehwa Diamond, Ind., Co., Ltd. Diamond blade having segment type cutting tip for use in cutting, grinding or drilling apparatus
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US7089925B1 (en) 2004-08-18 2006-08-15 Kinik Company Reciprocating wire saw for cutting hard materials
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US7201645B2 (en) 1999-11-22 2007-04-10 Chien-Min Sung Contoured CMP pad dresser and associated methods
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US20090068937A1 (en) * 2006-11-16 2009-03-12 Chien-Min Sung CMP Pad Conditioners with Mosaic Abrasive Segments and Associated Methods
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US20130029568A1 (en) * 2011-07-28 2013-01-31 Rolf Tamm Assembly for grinding electrodes
US20130059511A1 (en) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-07 Saint-Gobain Abrasifs Dressable bonded abrasive article
US8777699B2 (en) 2010-09-21 2014-07-15 Ritedia Corporation Superabrasive tools having substantially leveled particle tips and associated methods
US20140235148A1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2014-08-21 Domenico Privitera Peripheral wheel for machining the edges of slabs
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Cited By (91)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3982358A (en) * 1973-10-09 1976-09-28 Heijiro Fukuda Laminated resinoid wheels, method for continuously producing same and apparatus for use in the method
US3936982A (en) * 1974-11-21 1976-02-10 Margaret Sisson Sharpening stone for dehorners
US5228241A (en) * 1990-09-28 1993-07-20 Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha Method and machine for grinding
US5329735A (en) * 1992-06-08 1994-07-19 Charlton Thomas J System for forming and polishing grooves in glass panels
US5853319A (en) * 1995-09-13 1998-12-29 Ernst Winter & Sohn Diamantwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Grinding tool
US5951381A (en) * 1995-11-23 1999-09-14 Briot International Grinding wheel for ophthalmic glasses and corresponding grinding machine
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CA965957A (en) 1975-04-15
IT961580B (en) 1973-12-10
AU461526B2 (en) 1975-05-29
AU4225072A (en) 1973-11-15
FR2139489A5 (en) 1973-01-05
CH545173A (en) 1973-12-15
DE2222947A1 (en) 1972-11-30
NL7206393A (en) 1972-11-14
IE36379L (en) 1972-11-12
IE36379B1 (en) 1976-10-27
BE782938A (en) 1972-09-01
GB1346269A (en) 1974-02-06
ZA713105B (en) 1972-09-27

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