US3707149A - Electrosurgery unit and instrument - Google Patents

Electrosurgery unit and instrument Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3707149A
US3707149A US81431A US3707149DA US3707149A US 3707149 A US3707149 A US 3707149A US 81431 A US81431 A US 81431A US 3707149D A US3707149D A US 3707149DA US 3707149 A US3707149 A US 3707149A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
output
amplifier
oscillator
power supply
probe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US81431A
Inventor
Shya Hao
Alvin M Chasen
Alan M Miller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Majesco Inc
Original Assignee
Majesco Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Majesco Inc filed Critical Majesco Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3707149A publication Critical patent/US3707149A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/1206Generators therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/0066Sensing and controlling the application of energy without feedback, i.e. open loop control

Definitions

  • An output amplifier receives the latter signal and provides a given output, while an 5 128/303-19 output coupler connects the output ofthe output amlllt. Cl. to a highjmpedence load in the case of 0f sal'ch dental surgery may be the gums are treated A 128/303-18 405, 411, power supply is provided for supplying voltage to the 421i 422, 419 R, 415 oscillator, pre-amplifier and output amplifier.
  • the unit provides a fully modu- [56] Rderences cued lated high frequency signal.
  • UNITED STATES PATENTS the unit provides a ripple-free constant amplitude high frequency output.
  • a selecting switch is provided for 2,993,178 7/1961 Burger ..128l3 03.14 selecting between the operations. 2,949,107 8/1960 Ziegler "HAS/303.13 3,054,405 9/ 1962 Tap er ..128/303.l8 10 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures /0 /f Li 243 05014470,? pas-441 11059 H Oil/par A/WPUF/ER i ourpur COUPL ER! l M r l 1 7 i I i a I l .1 I l 1 I I l L 62 22 rear Pan/m AEVEL:
  • the power oscillator on indicator mounted on the front panel of the electrosurgery device, does not indicate positively whether the output current is available at the probe tip. As a result there is a safety hazard for the nurse in the event that she attempts to clean the tip, as by using a piece of gauze.
  • vacuum tubes are high-impedance devices.
  • the output power thereof can be easily coupled through a probe and tip to the load which is of high-impedance. Also, the output power can easily be varied simply by adjusting the tube screen grid potential.
  • an electrosurgery unit which can provide a fully modulated signal, commonly referred to as unrectified current, for coagulating purposes.
  • an object of the invention to provide for use with a unit of this type or with other units, an instrument having a probe capableg of giving a positive indication that high frequency power is present at the probe tip.
  • the electrosurgery unit includes an oscillator means for providing of signal of given high frequency output.
  • a pre-amplifier means is connected with the oscillator means for providing an amplifier signal, and an output amplifier means receives the latter amplified signal to provide an output therefrom.
  • An output coupler means receives the output from the output amplifier means and couples the output to the high-impedance load which may be the gums in the case of dental operations.
  • a power supply means is provided for supplying voltage to the oscillator means, the pre-amplifier means, and the output amplifier means.
  • a selecting means is connected with the power supply means for selecting between an operation where the cutting circuit means is operative, for cutting operations, or where the cutting circuit means does not enter into the operation, so that coagulating operations can be carried out.
  • the output coupler means includes a coaxial cable of predetermined length connected at one end to a probe which removably carries a probe tip. Within the probe there is visible a neon lamp one lead of which is connected to the probe and the other lead of which has a capacitive relation with respect to the coaxial cable. The neon lamp glows when the voltage at the tip exceeds the breakdown voltage of the bulb.
  • FIG. 1 is a wiring diagram illustrating the circuitry of the electrosurgery unit of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional illustration of the probe showing the structure in a plane which contains the longitudinal central axis of the probe;
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the electrosurgery unit
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view taken along line 44 of FIG. 3 in the direction of the arrows and showing the operating panel of the electrosurgery unit.
  • the device of the present invention forms an electrosurgery unit which is in the form of a high frequency power oscillator having an output power applied to the patient at the part which is to be treated.
  • the output power is applied to the patients gums through a probe and a tip.
  • the electrosurgery unit can be used for general medical purposes such as in dermatology to remove various growths at the skin, and for many other medical purposes.
  • a power level control is provided in order to vary the output power to the required amount.
  • an indicator lamp which either is turned on or which glows brighter in intensity when the high frequency power oscillator is turned on.
  • the oscillator is capable of achieving a coagulating current and a cutting current.
  • the coagulating current is characterized by alternating surging peaks of energy similar to an amplitude modulated signal with full one hundred percent modulation. This current is used to stop bleeding such as bleeding of the gums.
  • the cutting current is characterized by a constant amplitude signal achieving a constant flow current used for cutting or removing small amounts of flesh, or small amounts of gums in the case of dental surgery.
  • the electrosurgery unit of the invention includes an oscillator means 10, pre-amplifler means 12, an output amplifier means 14, an output coupler means 16, a power supply means 18 and a power-level control means 20.
  • the oscillator means is adapted to be turned on or off by actuation of a foot switch 22 of conventional construction.
  • the circuit includes components such as the capacitor 24, the Zener diode 26, and the resistors 28 and 30 as well as the inductance coil 32, resistor 34, and capacitors 36, 38 and 40, all of which are used to achievethe proper impedance matching for the circuitry.
  • the oscillator circuit includes a crystal 40 which will achieve a constant frequency signal which is received by thepre-amplifier means 12.
  • the pie-amplifier includes the variable capacitance 46 as well as the inductance coil 48, the resistor 50, the capacitor 52 and the inductance coil 54.
  • the pre-amplifier means 12 amplifies the high frequency signal received from the oscillator means 10. The amplified signal is fed from the pre-amplifier means to the output amplifier means 14 where it is received at the base of the transistor 56.
  • the output amplifier means includes the various capacitances, inductance coils and resistors illustrated so as to have proper impedance matching.
  • the pre-arnplifier transistor 44 is a class C amplifier.
  • the output of a class C amplifier is proportional to the square of the collector supply voltage.
  • a potentiometer between the supply voltage and the collector of the transistor so that the collector voltage or the amplifier gain can be varied. The result is that a large amount of DC supply power will be dissipated in the potentiometer.
  • a potentiometer of high power dissipation is therefore required for gain control. It is unavoidable, therefore, that with this type of construction a physically large control will be essential and there will be a decrease in the efficiency of the entire design.
  • the powerlevel control means includes the transistor 58, connected into the circuit as a diode, the capacitor 60, and the potentiometer 62. These latter components connected into the circuit as illustrated in FIG. 1 constitute the power-level control circuit means.
  • the circuit is an amplitude detector. It converts a portion of the highfrequency signal at the base of transistor 44 into direct current power. This converted DC power is then dissipated in the potentiometer 62. The amount of signal power which is dissipated depends upon the setting of the potentiometer 62. The more power is dissipated in the potentiometer 62, the less the signal power is amplified by the amplifier means 12 and 14. As a result, the output power of the unit depends on the setting of the potentiometer 62.
  • the output coupler means 16 receives the output from the transistor 56 of the output amplifier means 14.
  • the output transistor 56 requires a very low impedance on the order of a few ohms depending upon the maximum output power and power supply DC voltage.
  • the impedance of the load such as the gums in the mouth, has an impedance level on the order of a few thousand ohms.
  • a special coupling network that transforms the output load impedance into the desired collector impedence is required, so that the power generated by the transistor can be effectively transferred to the load. Since the power oscillator operates at a high frequency, a tuned coupling network is required.
  • the output coupler means 16 is that the output power be connected from the power oscillator by a flexible cable in the form of the-coaxial cable 64.
  • This flexible cable is of a few feet in length and is connected to a probe 66 which in turn removably carries through a suitable chuck a probe tip 68, so that one tip can be exchanged for another as required.
  • the cable 64 has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. It is not terminated at the probe end. Since the probe length is less than one-quarter of the wave length of the output power signal, the impedance looking into the cable end 70 is capacitive. This capacitor together with the capacitors 72 and 74 in series constitute the output tuning capacitor of the output coupler network. Other components in the network are the illustrated inductor coil and grounded cable shields.
  • the coaxial cable 64 extends into the tubular housing 76 of the probe 66.
  • This tubular housing has a transparent tubular wallportion 78 so that a glowing neon lamp 81 will be visible therethrough.
  • the coaxial cable 64 includes an inner conductor embedded in and surrounded by a suitable dielectric 82. This dielectric 82 is in turn situated within and surrounded by a tubular metallic shield 84 which in turn is covered by the insulation 86.
  • the inner conductor 80 of the coaxial cable 64 is electrically connected directly with the probe 88 provided with any suitable chuck 90 for removably connecting to the probe the operating tip 92. Thus, one operating tip may be exchanged for another.
  • the neon lamp 8]. has one lead 94 connected electrically with the lead 80; directly to the probe 88. The other lead 96 of the neon lamp, however, is not connected to any element.
  • this lamp 81 will indicate positively whether high frequency power is present at the tip 92 and therefore forms a means for indicating the presence of high frequency power at the tip.
  • the small capacitance between the lead 96 and the cable shield provides the ground return and also limits the maximum current passing through the neon lamp 81. This neon lamp glows when the voltage at the tip exceeds the breakdown voltage of the lamp.
  • the coaxial cable 64 has at its end distant from the probe assembly 66 a prong capable of being received in any suitable receptacle so that the coaxial cable together with the probe and other details of FIG. 2 form a separate instrument which can be used with other suitable sources of energy for general medical, dental, and other like purposes.
  • the power supply means 18 includes the plug 100 which can be inserted into any wall outlet receptacle for receiving the line voltage.
  • An on-off switch 102 is provided.
  • the line voltage is delivered to a transformer 104 which converts the line voltage into a lower voltage rectified by the bridge rectifier 106.
  • the power from the power supply means 18 is delivered through a conductor 108 to the output amplifier means 14.
  • the power supply means further includes a cutting circuit formed primarily by the large electrolytic filtering capacitor 110, and a diode 112.
  • the power supply means 18 will provide a collector supply tothe output transistor 56 which has the wave shape of a fully rectified sine wave. This supply voltage modulates the oscillator signal so that the output signal takes the form of a 100 percent modulated signal with alternating peaks of power occurring at twice the line frequency.
  • a selecting means is provided in the form of a selecting switch 1 14 which can be displaced by the operator to the coagulating position in which it is illustrated in FIG. 1. When the switch 114 is in the cut position the diode 112 is shorted and the line ripple is filtered out by the large electrolytic capacitor 110.
  • the supply voltage for the oscillator, pre-amplifier, as well as the output amplifier is line ripple free and the high frequency output has a constant amplitude.
  • the switch 114 is set to the coagulating position, the diode 112 prevents the line ripple from being filtered by the capacitor 110, with the result that the above fully modulated signal is achieved.
  • the above-described circuitry with the exception of the coaxial cable and probe connected thereto can be housed within a suitable housing such 'as the housing 116 illustrated in side elevation in FIG. 3. All of the above fully transistorized circuitry is enclosed within the housing 116 with the cable which is connected to the plug 100 extending from the housing so that the plug 100 can be connected with a suitable wall outlet or the like.
  • the housing 116 has at its front upper portion an inclined panel 118 carrying a rotary knob 120 which forms the adjusting element for the potentiometer 62.
  • the panel 118 is illustrated therein.
  • the knob 120 coacts with a suitable scale for indicating the adjustment of the potentiometer 62.
  • Available at the panel 118 is also the on-off switch 102.
  • the selecting switch 114 capable of being placed either in the cut or in the coagulating position is illustrated.
  • the foot control switch 22 can be removably connected with a receptacle 124.
  • There is also an-lND receptacle 126 for receiving a conductor engaged by the patient for forming a ground connection with the patient.
  • the end of the coaxial cable 64 distant from the probe 66 terminates in a prong which can be received in the receptacle 128.
  • the fully transistorized electrosurgery unit of the invention overcomes all of the drawbacks of the vacuum-tube type of structure.
  • the entire unit can be made quite small and of an exceedingly light weight.
  • the only heat which is generated is generated during the actual operation. Any heat generated during standby is negligible.
  • There is achieved with the circuitry of the invention a proper constant amplitude signal for cutting operations.
  • a fully modulated signal commonly referred to as unrectified current.
  • servicing due to aging of the components is completely eliminated.
  • the neon lamp there is a positive indication that high frequency power is present at the probe tip.
  • oscillator means for providing an output of a given frequency
  • pre-amplifier means receiving said output from said oscillator means and providing an amplified signal therefrom
  • output amplifier means receiving said signal from said pre-amplifier means and providing therefrom a predetermined output
  • output coupler means receiving said output from said output amplifier means for coupling the latter output to a high-impedance load
  • power supply means electrically connected with said oscillator means and pre-amplifier means for supplying at all times a constant amplitude output thereto
  • said power supply means normally providing for coagulating operations a supply voltage in the form of a fully rectified sine wave to said output amplifier means
  • cutting circuit means electrically connected with said power supply means for coacting therewith to provide an output of constant amplitude
  • selecting means coacting with said power supply means and cutting circuit means for selectively operating said power supply means either without said cutting circuit means for coagulating operations or with said cutting circuit means for cutting operations, said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means, and output amplifier means
  • said oscillator means includes a crystal for providing a stable high-frequency output signal therefrom.
  • said output coupler means includes a coaxial cable of predetermined length and a probe connected electrically thereto and terminating in an operating tip, and a neon lamp connected electrically with the probe and having a capacitive relation with respect to said coaxial cable for glowing when the voltage at the probe tip exceeds the breakdown voltage of said lamp.
  • said probe includes a selected operating tip and a chuck removably connecting said selected operating tip thereto, so that one operating tip may be exchanged for another.
  • oscillator means for providing an output of a given frequency
  • pre-amplifier means receiving said output from said oscillator means and providing an amplified signal therefrom
  • output amplifier means receiving said signal from said pre-amplifier means and providing therefrom a predetermined output
  • output coupler means receiving said output from said output amplifier means for coupling the latter output to a high-impedance load
  • power supply means electrically connected with said oscillator means, preamplifier means and output amplifier means for supplying a voltage thereto
  • cutting circuit means electrically connected with said power supply means, and selecting means coacting with said power supply means and cutting circuit means for selectively operating said power supply means either without said cutting circuit means for coagulating operations or with said cutting circuit means for cutting operations
  • said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means, and output amplifier means being fully transistorized
  • a power-level control means connected with the input of said pre-amplifier means for acting on the output from said oscillator means for converting a portion of the signal therefrom into direct current power and
  • oscillator means for providing an output of a given frequency
  • pre-amplifier means receiving said output from said oscillator means and providing an amplified signal therefrom
  • output amplifier means receiving said signal from said pre-amplifier means and providing therefrom a predetermined output
  • output coupler means receiving said output from said output amplifier means for coupling the latter output to a high-impedance load
  • power supply means electrically connected with said oscillator means, preamplifier means and output amplifier means for supplying a voltage thereto
  • cutting circuit means electrically connected with said power supply means, and selecting means coacting with said power supply means and cutting circuit means for selectively operating said power supply means either without said cutting circuit means for coagulating operations or with said cutting circuit means for cutting operations
  • said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means, and output amplifier means being fully transistorized
  • said cutting circuit means including a filtering capacitor and a diode connected between the latter capacitor and said power supply means for preventing filtering by said filtering capacitor, said selecting means bridging said dio
  • oscillator means for providing an output of a given frequency
  • pre-amplifier means receiving said output from said oscillator means and providing an amplified signal therefrom
  • output amplifier means receiving said signal from said pre-amplifier means and providing therefrom a predetermined output
  • output coupler means receiving said output from said output amplifier means for coupling the latter output to a high-impedance load
  • power supply means electrically connected with said oscillator means, preamplifier means and output amplifier means for supplying a voltage thereto
  • cutting circuit means electrically connected with said power supply means, and selecting means coacting with said power supply means and cutting circuit means for selectively operating said power supply means either without said cutting circuit means for coagulating operations or with said cutting circuit means for cutting operations
  • said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means, and output amplifier means being fully transistorized
  • said output coupler means including a coaxial cable of predetermined length and a probe connected electrically thereto and terminating in an operating tip, and a neon lamp connected electrically with the probe and having a
  • An instrument for carrying out electrosurgical operations comprising an elongated coaxial cable having at one end a means for connecting the cable to a suitable source, a probe electrically connected with the opposite end of said cable, said probe carrying an operating tip, and a neon lamp carried by said probe for providing a visible signal when said lamp glows, said lamp being electrically connected with said probe and having a capacitive relationship with respect to said cable for glowing when the voltage at said tip exceeds the breakdown voltage of said lamp, said coaxial cable including an inner conductor, a dielectric surrounding the latter conductor, a shield surrounding the dielectric and insulation surrounding the shield, said conductor being electrically connected with said probe and one lead of said neon lamp also being electrically connected with said probe, the other lead of said neon lamp being situated in the vicinity of said shield to have a capacitive relationship therewith.

Abstract

An electrosurgery unit for carrying out various medical or dental operations. An oscillator of the unit provides an output signal of a given high frequency, and this signal is received by a pre-amplifier which provides an amplified signal. An output amplifier receives the latter signal and provides a given output, while an output coupler connects the output of the output amplifier to a high-impedence load which in the case of dental surgery may be the gums which are treated. A power supply is provided for supplying voltage to the oscillator, pre-amplifier and output amplifier. For coagulating operations the unit provides a fully modulated high frequency signal. For cutting operations, the unit provides a ripple-free constant amplitude high frequency output. A selecting switch is provided for selecting between the operations.

Description

United States Patent Hao et a1.
[54] ELECTROSURGERY UNIT AND INSTRUMENT Dec. 26, 1972 Primary Examiner-William E. Kamm [72] Inventors: Shya Hao, Monsey; Alvin M. Attorney-Stank? & Blake Chasen' Alan M. Miller, both of Spring valle all of N.Y. [57] ABSTRACT An electrosurgery unit for carrying out various medi- [73] A sslgnee' Majesco New York cal or dental operations. An oscillator of the unit pro- [2 Flledl 06L 1970 vides an output signal of a given high frequency, and 21 A L N 81 431 this signal is received by a pre-amplifier which pro- 1 pp 0 vides an amplified signal. An output amplifier receives the latter signal and provides a given output, while an 5 128/303-19 output coupler connects the output ofthe output amlllt. Cl. to a highjmpedence load in the case of 0f sal'ch dental surgery may be the gums are treated A 128/303-18 405, 411, power supply is provided for supplying voltage to the 421i 422, 419 R, 415 oscillator, pre-amplifier and output amplifier. For
coagulating operations the unit provides a fully modu- [56] Rderences cued lated high frequency signal. For cutting operations, UNITED STATES PATENTS the unit provides a ripple-free constant amplitude high frequency output. A selecting switch is provided for 2,993,178 7/1961 Burger ..128l3 03.14 selecting between the operations. 2,949,107 8/1960 Ziegler "HAS/303.13 3,054,405 9/ 1962 Tap er ..128/303.l8 10 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures /0 /f Li 243 05014470,? pas-441 11059 H Oil/par A/WPUF/ER i ourpur COUPL ER! l M r l 1 7 i I i a I l .1 I l 1 I I l L 62 22 rear Pan/m AEVEL:
T 5 7 H GOA IROQ POM EA SUPPL V ELECTROSURGERY UNIT AND INSTRUMENT BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION of vacuum tubes with perhaps part of the circuits including semiconductor diodes. This latter type of device is usually undesirably bulky and heavy. It generates an undesirably excessive amount of heat even when it is only in a standby condition. The filaments of the tubes require a given warm-up time, and the time required during the turn-on waiting period is generally longer than the very short time required for the actual operations. The vacuum tubes unavoidably age, so that devices of this type generally require constant servicing.
With conventional devices of the latter type, the power oscillator on indicator, mounted on the front panel of the electrosurgery device, does not indicate positively whether the output current is available at the probe tip. As a result there is a safety hazard for the nurse in the event that she attempts to clean the tip, as by using a piece of gauze.
On the other hand, vacuum tubes are high-impedance devices. The output power thereof can be easily coupled through a probe and tip to the load which is of high-impedance. Also, the output power can easily be varied simply by adjusting the tube screen grid potential.
However, the large bulk and weight of these conventional devices, as well as the constant servicing thereof, with the inconvenience simply involved in the time for waiting for the device to become operative, creates considerable problems which up to the present time have not been solved.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is accordingly a primary object of the present invention to provide a unit which will avoid the above drawbacks.
Thus, it is an object of the invention to provide an electrosurgery unit which is extremely small and extremely light.
It is also an object of the invention to provide an electrosurgery unit which will generate heat only during operation, with the heat which is generated during standby being negligible.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide an electrosurgery unit which is capable of achieving for cutting operations a constant amplitude signal, commonly referred to as a fully rectified current.
Also, it is an object of the invention to provide an electrosurgery unit which can provide a fully modulated signal, commonly referred to as unrectified current, for coagulating purposes.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a unit of this type which eliminates all effects of aging, so that servicing due to aging is eliminated.
Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide for use with a unit of this type or with other units, an instrument having a probe capableg of giving a positive indication that high frequency power is present at the probe tip.
Also it is an object of the present invention to provide an instrument of this latter type which will greatly reduce the possibility of radio frequency interference,
so that other electrical units used in the vicinity of the unit of the invention will not be undesirably. influenced.
According to the invention the electrosurgery unit includes an oscillator means for providing of signal of given high frequency output. A pre-amplifier means is connected with the oscillator means for providing an amplifier signal, and an output amplifier means receives the latter amplified signal to provide an output therefrom. An output coupler means receives the output from the output amplifier means and couples the output to the high-impedance load which may be the gums in the case of dental operations. A power supply means is provided for supplying voltage to the oscillator means, the pre-amplifier means, and the output amplifier means. A selecting means is connected with the power supply means for selecting between an operation where the cutting circuit means is operative, for cutting operations, or where the cutting circuit means does not enter into the operation, so that coagulating operations can be carried out. The output coupler means includes a coaxial cable of predetermined length connected at one end to a probe which removably carries a probe tip. Within the probe there is visible a neon lamp one lead of which is connected to the probe and the other lead of which has a capacitive relation with respect to the coaxial cable. The neon lamp glows when the voltage at the tip exceeds the breakdown voltage of the bulb.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings which form part of this application and in which:
FIG. 1 is a wiring diagram illustrating the circuitry of the electrosurgery unit of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional illustration of the probe showing the structure in a plane which contains the longitudinal central axis of the probe;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the electrosurgery unit; and
FIG. 4 is a plan view taken along line 44 of FIG. 3 in the direction of the arrows and showing the operating panel of the electrosurgery unit.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Basically the device of the present invention forms an electrosurgery unit which is in the form of a high frequency power oscillator having an output power applied to the patient at the part which is to be treated. For example, in the case of dental surgery the output power is applied to the patients gums through a probe and a tip. However, the electrosurgery unit can be used for general medical purposes such as in dermatology to remove various growths at the skin, and for many other medical purposes. A power level control is provided in order to vary the output power to the required amount. Also with the instrument of the invention there is an indicator lamp which either is turned on or which glows brighter in intensity when the high frequency power oscillator is turned on.
The oscillator is capable of achieving a coagulating current and a cutting current. The coagulating current is characterized by alternating surging peaks of energy similar to an amplitude modulated signal with full one hundred percent modulation. This current is used to stop bleeding such as bleeding of the gums. The cutting current is characterized by a constant amplitude signal achieving a constant flow current used for cutting or removing small amounts of flesh, or small amounts of gums in the case of dental surgery.
Referring now to FIG. 1, it will be seen that the electrosurgery unit of the invention includes an oscillator means 10, pre-amplifler means 12, an output amplifier means 14, an output coupler means 16, a power supply means 18 and a power-level control means 20.
The oscillator means is adapted to be turned on or off by actuation of a foot switch 22 of conventional construction. The circuit includes components such as the capacitor 24, the Zener diode 26, and the resistors 28 and 30 as well as the inductance coil 32, resistor 34, and capacitors 36, 38 and 40, all of which are used to achievethe proper impedance matching for the circuitry. However, one of the important features of the oscillator circuit is that it includes a crystal 40 which will achieve a constant frequency signal which is received by thepre-amplifier means 12.
This output signal is received at the base of the preamplifier transistor 44. The pie-amplifier includes the variable capacitance 46 as well as the inductance coil 48, the resistor 50, the capacitor 52 and the inductance coil 54. The pre-amplifier means 12 amplifies the high frequency signal received from the oscillator means 10. The amplified signal is fed from the pre-amplifier means to the output amplifier means 14 where it is received at the base of the transistor 56. The output amplifier means includes the various capacitances, inductance coils and resistors illustrated so as to have proper impedance matching.
A further important feature of the invention resides in the power-level control means 20. The pre-arnplifier transistor 44 is a class C amplifier. The output of a class C amplifier is proportional to the square of the collector supply voltage. In order to vary the gain of a class C amplifier it is conventional to connect a potentiometer between the supply voltage and the collector of the transistor so that the collector voltage or the amplifier gain can be varied. The result is that a large amount of DC supply power will be dissipated in the potentiometer. A potentiometer of high power dissipation is therefore required for gain control. It is unavoidable, therefore, that with this type of construction a physically large control will be essential and there will be a decrease in the efficiency of the entire design.
in contrast, with the present invention the powerlevel control means includes the transistor 58, connected into the circuit as a diode, the capacitor 60, and the potentiometer 62. These latter components connected into the circuit as illustrated in FIG. 1 constitute the power-level control circuit means. The circuit is an amplitude detector. It converts a portion of the highfrequency signal at the base of transistor 44 into direct current power. This converted DC power is then dissipated in the potentiometer 62. The amount of signal power which is dissipated depends upon the setting of the potentiometer 62. The more power is dissipated in the potentiometer 62, the less the signal power is amplified by the amplifier means 12 and 14. As a result, the output power of the unit depends on the setting of the potentiometer 62.
The output coupler means 16 receives the output from the transistor 56 of the output amplifier means 14. The output transistor 56 requires a very low impedance on the order of a few ohms depending upon the maximum output power and power supply DC voltage. The impedance of the load, such as the gums in the mouth, has an impedance level on the order of a few thousand ohms. A special coupling network that transforms the output load impedance into the desired collector impedence is required, so that the power generated by the transistor can be effectively transferred to the load. Since the power oscillator operates at a high frequency, a tuned coupling network is required.
Another requirement of the output coupler means 16 is that the output power be connected from the power oscillator by a flexible cable in the form of the-coaxial cable 64. This flexible cable is of a few feet in length and is connected to a probe 66 which in turn removably carries through a suitable chuck a probe tip 68, so that one tip can be exchanged for another as required. The cable 64 has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. It is not terminated at the probe end. Since the probe length is less than one-quarter of the wave length of the output power signal, the impedance looking into the cable end 70 is capacitive. This capacitor together with the capacitors 72 and 74 in series constitute the output tuning capacitor of the output coupler network. Other components in the network are the illustrated inductor coil and grounded cable shields.
As may be seen from FIG. 2, the coaxial cable 64 extends into the tubular housing 76 of the probe 66. This tubular housing has a transparent tubular wallportion 78 so that a glowing neon lamp 81 will be visible therethrough.
The coaxial cable 64 includes an inner conductor embedded in and surrounded by a suitable dielectric 82. This dielectric 82 is in turn situated within and surrounded by a tubular metallic shield 84 which in turn is covered by the insulation 86. The inner conductor 80 of the coaxial cable 64 is electrically connected directly with the probe 88 provided with any suitable chuck 90 for removably connecting to the probe the operating tip 92. Thus, one operating tip may be exchanged for another. The neon lamp 8]. has one lead 94 connected electrically with the lead 80; directly to the probe 88. The other lead 96 of the neon lamp, however, is not connected to any element. it simply rests within the tubular housing 76 at the region of the exterior of the coaxial cable 64 so as to have a capacitive relationship with respect to the shield which is surrounded by the insulation. Thus, this lamp 81 will indicate positively whether high frequency power is present at the tip 92 and therefore forms a means for indicating the presence of high frequency power at the tip. The small capacitance between the lead 96 and the cable shield provides the ground return and also limits the maximum current passing through the neon lamp 81. This neon lamp glows when the voltage at the tip exceeds the breakdown voltage of the lamp.
it is to be noted that the coaxial cable 64 has at its end distant from the probe assembly 66 a prong capable of being received in any suitable receptacle so that the coaxial cable together with the probe and other details of FIG. 2 form a separate instrument which can be used with other suitable sources of energy for general medical, dental, and other like purposes.
The power supply means 18 includes the plug 100 which can be inserted into any wall outlet receptacle for receiving the line voltage. An on-off switch 102 is provided. The line voltage is delivered to a transformer 104 which converts the line voltage into a lower voltage rectified by the bridge rectifier 106. The power from the power supply means 18 is delivered through a conductor 108 to the output amplifier means 14. The power supply means further includes a cutting circuit formed primarily by the large electrolytic filtering capacitor 110, and a diode 112.
For coagulating operations the power supply means 18 will provide a collector supply tothe output transistor 56 which has the wave shape of a fully rectified sine wave. This supply voltage modulates the oscillator signal so that the output signal takes the form of a 100 percent modulated signal with alternating peaks of power occurring at twice the line frequency. For selecting this latter type of operation a selecting means is provided in the form of a selecting switch 1 14 which can be displaced by the operator to the coagulating position in which it is illustrated in FIG. 1. When the switch 114 is in the cut position the diode 112 is shorted and the line ripple is filtered out by the large electrolytic capacitor 110. As a result the supply voltage for the oscillator, pre-amplifier, as well as the output amplifier is line ripple free and the high frequency output has a constant amplitude. When the switch 114 is set to the coagulating position, the diode 112 prevents the line ripple from being filtered by the capacitor 110, with the result that the above fully modulated signal is achieved.
The above-described circuitry, with the exception of the coaxial cable and probe connected thereto can be housed within a suitable housing such 'as the housing 116 illustrated in side elevation in FIG. 3. All of the above fully transistorized circuitry is enclosed within the housing 116 with the cable which is connected to the plug 100 extending from the housing so that the plug 100 can be connected with a suitable wall outlet or the like.
The housing 116 has at its front upper portion an inclined panel 118 carrying a rotary knob 120 which forms the adjusting element for the potentiometer 62. Referring to FIG. 4, the panel 118 is illustrated therein. The knob 120 coacts with a suitable scale for indicating the adjustment of the potentiometer 62. Available at the panel 118 is also the on-off switch 102. Also the selecting switch 114 capable of being placed either in the cut or in the coagulating position is illustrated. The foot control switch 22 can be removably connected with a receptacle 124. There is also an-lND receptacle 126 for receiving a conductor engaged by the patient for forming a ground connection with the patient. The end of the coaxial cable 64 distant from the probe 66 terminates in a prong which can be received in the receptacle 128.
Thus, with a conductor from receptacle 126 properly engaging the patient, with a foot-control switch connected to the receptacle 124, and with the probe 66 of the invention connected to the receptacle 128, it is possible, when the plug 100 is connected to a suitable source, to turn the switch 102 into the on position for starting the operation, and there is virtually no waiting period required for warm-up purposes. Depending upon whether cut or coagulating operations are to be carried out the switch 114 will be placed in one or the other of the positions apparent from FIG. 4.
It is apparent from the above description and the drawings that the fully transistorized electrosurgery unit of the invention overcomes all of the drawbacks of the vacuum-tube type of structure. With the structure of the invention the entire unit can be made quite small and of an exceedingly light weight. The only heat which is generated is generated during the actual operation. Any heat generated during standby is negligible. There is achieved with the circuitry of the invention a proper constant amplitude signal for cutting operations. Also it is possible to achieve for coagulating operations a fully modulated signal, commonly referred to as unrectified current. With the structure of the invention servicing due to aging of the components is completely eliminated. Furthermore, by way of the neon lamp there is a positive indication that high frequency power is present at the probe tip.
What is claimed is:
1. In an electrosurgery unit, oscillator means for providing an output of a given frequency, pre-amplifier means receiving said output from said oscillator means and providing an amplified signal therefrom, output amplifier means receiving said signal from said pre-amplifier means and providing therefrom a predetermined output, output coupler means receiving said output from said output amplifier means for coupling the latter output to a high-impedance load, power supply means electrically connected with said oscillator means and pre-amplifier means for supplying at all times a constant amplitude output thereto, said power supply means normally providing for coagulating operations a supply voltage in the form of a fully rectified sine wave to said output amplifier means, cutting circuit means electrically connected with said power supply means for coacting therewith to provide an output of constant amplitude, and selecting means coacting with said power supply means and cutting circuit means for selectively operating said power supply means either without said cutting circuit means for coagulating operations or with said cutting circuit means for cutting operations, said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means, and output amplifier means being fully transistorized.
2. The combination of claim 1 and wherein said oscillator means includes a crystal for providing a stable high-frequency output signal therefrom.
3. The combination of claim 1 and wherein a powerlevel control means is connected with the input of said pre-amplifier means for acting on the output from said oscillator means for converting a portion of the signal therefrom into direct current power and for then dissipating the latter power.
4. The combination of claim 1 and wherein a foot switch is operatively connected with said oscillator circuit means for turning the latter on and off.
5. The combination of claim 1 and wherein said output coupler means includes a coaxial cable of predetermined length and a probe connected electrically thereto and terminating in an operating tip, and a neon lamp connected electrically with the probe and having a capacitive relation with respect to said coaxial cable for glowing when the voltage at the probe tip exceeds the breakdown voltage of said lamp.
6. The combination of claim and wherein said probe includes a selected operating tip and a chuck removably connecting said selected operating tip thereto, so that one operating tip may be exchanged for another.
7. in an electrosurgery unit, oscillator means for providing an output of a given frequency, pre-amplifier means receiving said output from said oscillator means and providing an amplified signal therefrom, output amplifier means receiving said signal from said pre-amplifier means and providing therefrom a predetermined output, output coupler means receiving said output from said output amplifier means for coupling the latter output to a high-impedance load, power supply means electrically connected with said oscillator means, preamplifier means and output amplifier means for supplying a voltage thereto, cutting circuit means electrically connected with said power supply means, and selecting means coacting with said power supply means and cutting circuit means for selectively operating said power supply means either without said cutting circuit means for coagulating operations or with said cutting circuit means for cutting operations, said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means, and output amplifier means being fully transistorized, a power-level control means connected with the input of said pre-amplifier means for acting on the output from said oscillator means for converting a portion of the signal therefrom into direct current power and for then dissipating the latter power, said power-level control means including a transistor connected as a diode, a capacitor, and a potentiometer, said capacitor and potentiometer being electrically connected in parallel with each other and in series with the transistor between ground and the input of said pre-amplifier means, and said transistor and capacitor converting the signal from said oscillator means into direct current power and said potentiometer dissipating the direct current power, with the extent of signal power dissipation being determined by the setting of said potentiometer.
8. in an electrosurgery unit, oscillator means for providing an output of a given frequency, pre-amplifier means receiving said output from said oscillator means and providing an amplified signal therefrom, output amplifier means receiving said signal from said pre-amplifier means and providing therefrom a predetermined output, output coupler means receiving said output from said output amplifier means for coupling the latter output to a high-impedance load, power supply means electrically connected with said oscillator means, preamplifier means and output amplifier means for supplying a voltage thereto, cutting circuit means electrically connected with said power supply means, and selecting means coacting with said power supply means and cutting circuit means for selectively operating said power supply means either without said cutting circuit means for coagulating operations or with said cutting circuit means for cutting operations, said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means, and output amplifier means being fully transistorized, said cutting circuit means including a filtering capacitor and a diode connected between the latter capacitor and said power supply means for preventing filtering by said filtering capacitor, said selecting means bridging said diode when set for cutting operations to render said filtering capacitor operative.
In an electrosurgery unit, oscillator means for providing an output of a given frequency, pre-amplifier means receiving said output from said oscillator means and providing an amplified signal therefrom, output amplifier means receiving said signal from said pre-amplifier means and providing therefrom a predetermined output, output coupler means receiving said output from said output amplifier means for coupling the latter output to a high-impedance load, power supply means electrically connected with said oscillator means, preamplifier means and output amplifier means for supplying a voltage thereto, cutting circuit means electrically connected with said power supply means, and selecting means coacting with said power supply means and cutting circuit means for selectively operating said power supply means either without said cutting circuit means for coagulating operations or with said cutting circuit means for cutting operations, said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means, and output amplifier means being fully transistorized, said output coupler means including a coaxial cable of predetermined length and a probe connected electrically thereto and terminating in an operating tip, and a neon lamp connected electrically with the probe and having a capacitive relation with respect to said coaxial cable for glowing when the voltage at the probe tip exceeds the breakdown voltage of said lamp, said coaxial cable including an inner conductor, a dielectric surrounding said conductor, and a shield surrounding said dielectric and covered by insulation, said neon lamp having one lead connected to said probe and another lead terminating in the region of said shield for providing the capacitive relationship therewith.
10. An instrument for carrying out electrosurgical operations, comprising an elongated coaxial cable having at one end a means for connecting the cable to a suitable source, a probe electrically connected with the opposite end of said cable, said probe carrying an operating tip, and a neon lamp carried by said probe for providing a visible signal when said lamp glows, said lamp being electrically connected with said probe and having a capacitive relationship with respect to said cable for glowing when the voltage at said tip exceeds the breakdown voltage of said lamp, said coaxial cable including an inner conductor, a dielectric surrounding the latter conductor, a shield surrounding the dielectric and insulation surrounding the shield, said conductor being electrically connected with said probe and one lead of said neon lamp also being electrically connected with said probe, the other lead of said neon lamp being situated in the vicinity of said shield to have a capacitive relationship therewith.

Claims (10)

1. In an electrosurgery unit, oscillator means for providing an output of a given frequency, pre-amplifier means receiving said output from said oscillator means and providing an amplified signal therefrom, output amplifier means receiving said signal from said pre-amplifier means and providing therefrom a predetermined output, output coupler means receiving said output from said output amplifier means for coupling the latter output to a high-impedance load, power supply means electrically connected with said oscillator means and pre-amplifier means for supplying at all times a constant amplitude output thereto, said power supply means normally providing for coagUlating operations a supply voltage in the form of a fully rectified sine wave to said output amplifier means, cutting circuit means electrically connected with said power supply means for coacting therewith to provide an output of constant amplitude, and selecting means coacting with said power supply means and cutting circuit means for selectively operating said power supply means either without said cutting circuit means for coagulating operations or with said cutting circuit means for cutting operations, said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means, and output amplifier means being fully transistorized.
2. The combination of claim 1 and wherein said oscillator means includes a crystal for providing a stable high-frequency output signal therefrom.
3. The combination of claim 1 and wherein a power-level control means is connected with the input of said pre-amplifier means for acting on the output from said oscillator means for converting a portion of the signal therefrom into direct current power and for then dissipating the latter power.
4. The combination of claim 1 and wherein a foot switch is operatively connected with said oscillator circuit means for turning the latter on and off.
5. The combination of claim 1 and wherein said output coupler means includes a coaxial cable of predetermined length and a probe connected electrically thereto and terminating in an operating tip, and a neon lamp connected electrically with the probe and having a capacitive relation with respect to said coaxial cable for glowing when the voltage at the probe tip exceeds the breakdown voltage of said lamp.
6. The combination of claim 5 and wherein said probe includes a selected operating tip and a chuck removably connecting said selected operating tip thereto, so that one operating tip may be exchanged for another.
7. In an electrosurgery unit, oscillator means for providing an output of a given frequency, pre-amplifier means receiving said output from said oscillator means and providing an amplified signal therefrom, output amplifier means receiving said signal from said pre-amplifier means and providing therefrom a predetermined output, output coupler means receiving said output from said output amplifier means for coupling the latter output to a high-impedance load, power supply means electrically connected with said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means and output amplifier means for supplying a voltage thereto, cutting circuit means electrically connected with said power supply means, and selecting means coacting with said power supply means and cutting circuit means for selectively operating said power supply means either without said cutting circuit means for coagulating operations or with said cutting circuit means for cutting operations, said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means, and output amplifier means being fully transistorized, a power-level control means connected with the input of said pre-amplifier means for acting on the output from said oscillator means for converting a portion of the signal therefrom into direct current power and for then dissipating the latter power, said power-level control means including a transistor connected as a diode, a capacitor, and a potentiometer, said capacitor and potentiometer being electrically connected in parallel with each other and in series with the transistor between ground and the input of said pre-amplifier means, and said transistor and capacitor converting the signal from said oscillator means into direct current power and said potentiometer dissipating the direct current power, with the extent of signal power dissipation being determined by the setting of said potentiometer.
8. In an electrosurgery unit, oscillator means for providing an output of a given frequency, pre-amplifier means receiving said output from said oscillator means and providing an amplified signal therefrom, output amplifier means receiving said signal from said pre-amplifier means and providing therefrom a predetermined outPut, output coupler means receiving said output from said output amplifier means for coupling the latter output to a high-impedance load, power supply means electrically connected with said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means and output amplifier means for supplying a voltage thereto, cutting circuit means electrically connected with said power supply means, and selecting means coacting with said power supply means and cutting circuit means for selectively operating said power supply means either without said cutting circuit means for coagulating operations or with said cutting circuit means for cutting operations, said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means, and output amplifier means being fully transistorized, said cutting circuit means including a filtering capacitor and a diode connected between the latter capacitor and said power supply means for preventing filtering by said filtering capacitor, said selecting means bridging said diode when set for cutting operations to render said filtering capacitor operative.
9. In an electrosurgery unit, oscillator means for providing an output of a given frequency, pre-amplifier means receiving said output from said oscillator means and providing an amplified signal therefrom, output amplifier means receiving said signal from said pre-amplifier means and providing therefrom a predetermined output, output coupler means receiving said output from said output amplifier means for coupling the latter output to a high-impedance load, power supply means electrically connected with said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means and output amplifier means for supplying a voltage thereto, cutting circuit means electrically connected with said power supply means, and selecting means coacting with said power supply means and cutting circuit means for selectively operating said power supply means either without said cutting circuit means for coagulating operations or with said cutting circuit means for cutting operations, said oscillator means, pre-amplifier means, and output amplifier means being fully transistorized, said output coupler means including a coaxial cable of predetermined length and a probe connected electrically thereto and terminating in an operating tip, and a neon lamp connected electrically with the probe and having a capacitive relation with respect to said coaxial cable for glowing when the voltage at the probe tip exceeds the breakdown voltage of said lamp, said coaxial cable including an inner conductor, a dielectric surrounding said conductor, and a shield surrounding said dielectric and covered by insulation, said neon lamp having one lead connected to said probe and another lead terminating in the region of said shield for providing the capacitive relationship therewith.
10. An instrument for carrying out electrosurgical operations, comprising an elongated coaxial cable having at one end a means for connecting the cable to a suitable source, a probe electrically connected with the opposite end of said cable, said probe carrying an operating tip, and a neon lamp carried by said probe for providing a visible signal when said lamp glows, said lamp being electrically connected with said probe and having a capacitive relationship with respect to said cable for glowing when the voltage at said tip exceeds the breakdown voltage of said lamp, said coaxial cable including an inner conductor, a dielectric surrounding the latter conductor, a shield surrounding the dielectric and insulation surrounding the shield, said conductor being electrically connected with said probe and one lead of said neon lamp also being electrically connected with said probe, the other lead of said neon lamp being situated in the vicinity of said shield to have a capacitive relationship therewith.
US81431A 1970-10-16 1970-10-16 Electrosurgery unit and instrument Expired - Lifetime US3707149A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US8143170A 1970-10-16 1970-10-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3707149A true US3707149A (en) 1972-12-26

Family

ID=22164114

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US81431A Expired - Lifetime US3707149A (en) 1970-10-16 1970-10-16 Electrosurgery unit and instrument

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3707149A (en)

Cited By (61)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3870047A (en) * 1973-11-12 1975-03-11 Dentsply Res & Dev Electrosurgical device
US3875945A (en) * 1973-11-02 1975-04-08 Demetron Corp Electrosurgery instrument
US3961630A (en) * 1973-11-12 1976-06-08 Dentsply Research & Development Corporation Protective circuit for radio-frequency electrosurgical device
US3999552A (en) * 1975-05-20 1976-12-28 Universal Technology, Inc. Epilator
US4038984A (en) * 1970-02-04 1977-08-02 Electro Medical Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for high frequency electric surgery
US4116198A (en) * 1975-05-15 1978-09-26 Delma, Elektro Und Medizinische Apparatebaugesellschaft M.B.H. Electro - surgical device
US4331149A (en) * 1975-01-23 1982-05-25 Dentsply Research And Development Corp. Electrosurgical device
US4492231A (en) * 1982-09-17 1985-01-08 Auth David C Non-sticking electrocautery system and forceps
US4498475A (en) * 1982-08-27 1985-02-12 Ipco Corporation Electrosurgical unit
US4580562A (en) * 1981-01-02 1986-04-08 Goof Sven Karl Lennart Electrosurgical apparatus
US4800878A (en) * 1987-08-26 1989-01-31 Becton, Dickinson And Company Electrosurgical knife with visual alarm
US5261906A (en) * 1991-12-09 1993-11-16 Ralph Pennino Electro-surgical dissecting and cauterizing instrument
US5312401A (en) * 1991-07-10 1994-05-17 Electroscope, Inc. Electrosurgical apparatus for laparoscopic and like procedures
WO1994022383A1 (en) * 1993-03-30 1994-10-13 Electroscope, Inc. Electrosurgical apparatus for laparoscopic and like procedures
US5647869A (en) * 1994-06-29 1997-07-15 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical apparatus
US5769841A (en) * 1995-06-13 1998-06-23 Electroscope, Inc. Electrosurgical apparatus for laparoscopic and like procedures
US5792141A (en) * 1996-03-05 1998-08-11 Medicor Corporation Electrosurgical device for preventing capacitive coupling and the formation of undesirable current paths
US5817091A (en) * 1997-05-20 1998-10-06 Medical Scientific, Inc. Electrosurgical device having a visible indicator
US5944715A (en) * 1996-06-20 1999-08-31 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6004319A (en) * 1995-06-23 1999-12-21 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6013076A (en) * 1996-01-09 2000-01-11 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6015406A (en) * 1996-01-09 2000-01-18 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6027501A (en) * 1995-06-23 2000-02-22 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6090106A (en) * 1996-01-09 2000-07-18 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6093186A (en) * 1996-12-20 2000-07-25 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical generator and system
US6210405B1 (en) 1996-06-20 2001-04-03 Gyrus Medical Limited Under water treatment
US6261286B1 (en) 1995-06-23 2001-07-17 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical generator and system
US6277114B1 (en) 1998-04-03 2001-08-21 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrode assembly for an electrosurical instrument
US6565561B1 (en) 1996-06-20 2003-05-20 Cyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6780180B1 (en) 1995-06-23 2004-08-24 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US20060041253A1 (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-23 Newton David W System and method for performing an electrosurgical procedure
US20060041251A1 (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-23 Odell Roger C Electrosurgical system and method
US20060041252A1 (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-23 Odell Roger C System and method for monitoring electrosurgical instruments
US7270661B2 (en) 1995-11-22 2007-09-18 Arthocare Corporation Electrosurgical apparatus and methods for treatment and removal of tissue
US7297143B2 (en) 2003-02-05 2007-11-20 Arthrocare Corporation Temperature indicating electrosurgical apparatus and methods
US20090112204A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Encision, Inc. Multiple Parameter Fault Detection in Electrosurgical Instrument Shields
US7572251B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2009-08-11 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods for electrosurgical tissue treatment
US7632267B2 (en) 2005-07-06 2009-12-15 Arthrocare Corporation Fuse-electrode electrosurgical apparatus
US7678069B1 (en) 1995-11-22 2010-03-16 Arthrocare Corporation System for electrosurgical tissue treatment in the presence of electrically conductive fluid
US7691101B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2010-04-06 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical method and system for treating foot ulcer
US7862560B2 (en) 2007-03-23 2011-01-04 Arthrocare Corporation Ablation apparatus having reduced nerve stimulation and related methods
US8007494B1 (en) 2006-04-27 2011-08-30 Encision, Inc. Device and method to prevent surgical burns
US8012153B2 (en) 2003-07-16 2011-09-06 Arthrocare Corporation Rotary electrosurgical apparatus and methods thereof
US8114071B2 (en) 2006-05-30 2012-02-14 Arthrocare Corporation Hard tissue ablation system
USD658760S1 (en) 2010-10-15 2012-05-01 Arthrocare Corporation Wound care electrosurgical wand
US8192424B2 (en) 2007-01-05 2012-06-05 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system with suction control apparatus, system and method
US8251989B1 (en) 2006-06-13 2012-08-28 Encision, Inc. Combined bipolar and monopolar electrosurgical instrument and method
US8257350B2 (en) 2009-06-17 2012-09-04 Arthrocare Corporation Method and system of an electrosurgical controller with wave-shaping
US8372067B2 (en) 2009-12-09 2013-02-12 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgery irrigation primer systems and methods
US8568405B2 (en) 2010-10-15 2013-10-29 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical wand and related method and system
US8574187B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2013-11-05 Arthrocare Corporation System and method of an electrosurgical controller with output RF energy control
US8685018B2 (en) 2010-10-15 2014-04-01 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical wand and related method and system
US8747399B2 (en) 2010-04-06 2014-06-10 Arthrocare Corporation Method and system of reduction of low frequency muscle stimulation during electrosurgical procedures
US8876746B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2014-11-04 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system and method for treating chronic wound tissue
US9131597B2 (en) 2011-02-02 2015-09-08 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system and method for treating hard body tissue
US9314294B2 (en) 2008-08-18 2016-04-19 Encision, Inc. Enhanced control systems including flexible shielding and support systems for electrosurgical applications
US9358063B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2016-06-07 Arthrocare Corporation Ablation performance indicator for electrosurgical devices
US9693818B2 (en) 2013-03-07 2017-07-04 Arthrocare Corporation Methods and systems related to electrosurgical wands
US9713489B2 (en) 2013-03-07 2017-07-25 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical methods and systems
US9801678B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2017-10-31 Arthrocare Corporation Method and system of controlling conductive fluid flow during an electrosurgical procedure
US9833281B2 (en) 2008-08-18 2017-12-05 Encision Inc. Enhanced control systems including flexible shielding and support systems for electrosurgical applications

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2949107A (en) * 1953-04-06 1960-08-16 Ritter Co Inc Apparatus for determining the vitality of teeth
US2993178A (en) * 1955-03-11 1961-07-18 Siemens Reiniger Werke Ag Blocking oscillator having selectively adjustable r-c circuit
US3054405A (en) * 1959-09-09 1962-09-18 Tapper Robert Electrical fepilator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2949107A (en) * 1953-04-06 1960-08-16 Ritter Co Inc Apparatus for determining the vitality of teeth
US2993178A (en) * 1955-03-11 1961-07-18 Siemens Reiniger Werke Ag Blocking oscillator having selectively adjustable r-c circuit
US3054405A (en) * 1959-09-09 1962-09-18 Tapper Robert Electrical fepilator

Cited By (90)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4038984A (en) * 1970-02-04 1977-08-02 Electro Medical Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for high frequency electric surgery
US3875945A (en) * 1973-11-02 1975-04-08 Demetron Corp Electrosurgery instrument
US3870047A (en) * 1973-11-12 1975-03-11 Dentsply Res & Dev Electrosurgical device
US3961630A (en) * 1973-11-12 1976-06-08 Dentsply Research & Development Corporation Protective circuit for radio-frequency electrosurgical device
US4331149A (en) * 1975-01-23 1982-05-25 Dentsply Research And Development Corp. Electrosurgical device
US4116198A (en) * 1975-05-15 1978-09-26 Delma, Elektro Und Medizinische Apparatebaugesellschaft M.B.H. Electro - surgical device
US3999552A (en) * 1975-05-20 1976-12-28 Universal Technology, Inc. Epilator
US4580562A (en) * 1981-01-02 1986-04-08 Goof Sven Karl Lennart Electrosurgical apparatus
US4498475A (en) * 1982-08-27 1985-02-12 Ipco Corporation Electrosurgical unit
US4492231A (en) * 1982-09-17 1985-01-08 Auth David C Non-sticking electrocautery system and forceps
US4800878A (en) * 1987-08-26 1989-01-31 Becton, Dickinson And Company Electrosurgical knife with visual alarm
US5312401A (en) * 1991-07-10 1994-05-17 Electroscope, Inc. Electrosurgical apparatus for laparoscopic and like procedures
AU663722B2 (en) * 1991-07-10 1995-10-19 Electroscope, Inc. Electrosurgical apparatus for laparoscopic and like procedures
US5688269A (en) * 1991-07-10 1997-11-18 Electroscope, Inc. Electrosurgical apparatus for laparoscopic and like procedures
US5261906A (en) * 1991-12-09 1993-11-16 Ralph Pennino Electro-surgical dissecting and cauterizing instrument
WO1994022383A1 (en) * 1993-03-30 1994-10-13 Electroscope, Inc. Electrosurgical apparatus for laparoscopic and like procedures
US5647869A (en) * 1994-06-29 1997-07-15 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical apparatus
AU710629B2 (en) * 1994-06-29 1999-09-23 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical apparatus
US7572251B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2009-08-11 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods for electrosurgical tissue treatment
US5769841A (en) * 1995-06-13 1998-06-23 Electroscope, Inc. Electrosurgical apparatus for laparoscopic and like procedures
US6004319A (en) * 1995-06-23 1999-12-21 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6174308B1 (en) 1995-06-23 2001-01-16 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6416509B1 (en) 1995-06-23 2002-07-09 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical generator and system
US6364877B1 (en) 1995-06-23 2002-04-02 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical generator and system
US6306134B1 (en) 1995-06-23 2001-10-23 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical generator and system
US6027501A (en) * 1995-06-23 2000-02-22 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6056746A (en) * 1995-06-23 2000-05-02 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6293942B1 (en) 1995-06-23 2001-09-25 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical generator method
US6261286B1 (en) 1995-06-23 2001-07-17 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical generator and system
US6780180B1 (en) 1995-06-23 2004-08-24 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US7678069B1 (en) 1995-11-22 2010-03-16 Arthrocare Corporation System for electrosurgical tissue treatment in the presence of electrically conductive fluid
US7988689B2 (en) 1995-11-22 2011-08-02 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical apparatus and methods for treatment and removal of tissue
US7270661B2 (en) 1995-11-22 2007-09-18 Arthocare Corporation Electrosurgical apparatus and methods for treatment and removal of tissue
US6234178B1 (en) 1996-01-09 2001-05-22 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6090106A (en) * 1996-01-09 2000-07-18 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6015406A (en) * 1996-01-09 2000-01-18 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6013076A (en) * 1996-01-09 2000-01-11 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US5792141A (en) * 1996-03-05 1998-08-11 Medicor Corporation Electrosurgical device for preventing capacitive coupling and the formation of undesirable current paths
US6565561B1 (en) 1996-06-20 2003-05-20 Cyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US5944715A (en) * 1996-06-20 1999-08-31 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
US6482202B1 (en) 1996-06-20 2002-11-19 Gyrus Medical Limited Under water treatment
US6210405B1 (en) 1996-06-20 2001-04-03 Gyrus Medical Limited Under water treatment
US6093186A (en) * 1996-12-20 2000-07-25 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical generator and system
US5817091A (en) * 1997-05-20 1998-10-06 Medical Scientific, Inc. Electrosurgical device having a visible indicator
US6277114B1 (en) 1998-04-03 2001-08-21 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrode assembly for an electrosurical instrument
US7297143B2 (en) 2003-02-05 2007-11-20 Arthrocare Corporation Temperature indicating electrosurgical apparatus and methods
US8012153B2 (en) 2003-07-16 2011-09-06 Arthrocare Corporation Rotary electrosurgical apparatus and methods thereof
US20060041253A1 (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-23 Newton David W System and method for performing an electrosurgical procedure
US7465302B2 (en) 2004-08-17 2008-12-16 Encision, Inc. System and method for performing an electrosurgical procedure
US7422589B2 (en) 2004-08-17 2008-09-09 Encision, Inc. System and method for performing an electrosurgical procedure
US20060041252A1 (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-23 Odell Roger C System and method for monitoring electrosurgical instruments
US20060041251A1 (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-23 Odell Roger C Electrosurgical system and method
US8758336B2 (en) 2004-08-17 2014-06-24 Encision, Inc. System and method for monitoring electrosurgical systems
US7632267B2 (en) 2005-07-06 2009-12-15 Arthrocare Corporation Fuse-electrode electrosurgical apparatus
US9168087B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2015-10-27 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system and method for sterilizing chronic wound tissue
US8876746B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2014-11-04 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system and method for treating chronic wound tissue
US8663153B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2014-03-04 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical method and system for treating foot ulcer
US8663154B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2014-03-04 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical method and system for treating foot ulcer
US8636685B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2014-01-28 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical method and system for treating foot ulcer
US7691101B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2010-04-06 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical method and system for treating foot ulcer
US8663152B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2014-03-04 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical method and system for treating foot ulcer
US9254167B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2016-02-09 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system and method for sterilizing chronic wound tissue
US8007494B1 (en) 2006-04-27 2011-08-30 Encision, Inc. Device and method to prevent surgical burns
US8444638B2 (en) 2006-05-30 2013-05-21 Arthrocare Corporation Hard tissue ablation system
US8114071B2 (en) 2006-05-30 2012-02-14 Arthrocare Corporation Hard tissue ablation system
US8251989B1 (en) 2006-06-13 2012-08-28 Encision, Inc. Combined bipolar and monopolar electrosurgical instrument and method
US8870866B2 (en) 2007-01-05 2014-10-28 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system with suction control apparatus, system and method
US8192424B2 (en) 2007-01-05 2012-06-05 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system with suction control apparatus, system and method
US9254164B2 (en) 2007-01-05 2016-02-09 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system with suction control apparatus, system and method
US7862560B2 (en) 2007-03-23 2011-01-04 Arthrocare Corporation Ablation apparatus having reduced nerve stimulation and related methods
US20090112204A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Encision, Inc. Multiple Parameter Fault Detection in Electrosurgical Instrument Shields
US8460284B2 (en) 2007-10-26 2013-06-11 Encision, Inc. Multiple parameter fault detection in electrosurgical instrument shields
US9757183B2 (en) 2007-10-26 2017-09-12 Encision Inc. Multiple parameter fault detection in electrosurgical instrument shields
US9254165B2 (en) 2007-10-26 2016-02-09 Encision, Inc. Multiple parameter fault detection in electrosurgical instrument shields
US9358063B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2016-06-07 Arthrocare Corporation Ablation performance indicator for electrosurgical devices
US9314294B2 (en) 2008-08-18 2016-04-19 Encision, Inc. Enhanced control systems including flexible shielding and support systems for electrosurgical applications
US9833281B2 (en) 2008-08-18 2017-12-05 Encision Inc. Enhanced control systems including flexible shielding and support systems for electrosurgical applications
US8574187B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2013-11-05 Arthrocare Corporation System and method of an electrosurgical controller with output RF energy control
US9138282B2 (en) 2009-06-17 2015-09-22 Arthrocare Corporation Method and system of an electrosurgical controller with wave-shaping
US8257350B2 (en) 2009-06-17 2012-09-04 Arthrocare Corporation Method and system of an electrosurgical controller with wave-shaping
US8372067B2 (en) 2009-12-09 2013-02-12 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgery irrigation primer systems and methods
US9095358B2 (en) 2009-12-09 2015-08-04 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgery irrigation primer systems and methods
US8747399B2 (en) 2010-04-06 2014-06-10 Arthrocare Corporation Method and system of reduction of low frequency muscle stimulation during electrosurgical procedures
US8568405B2 (en) 2010-10-15 2013-10-29 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical wand and related method and system
US8685018B2 (en) 2010-10-15 2014-04-01 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical wand and related method and system
USD658760S1 (en) 2010-10-15 2012-05-01 Arthrocare Corporation Wound care electrosurgical wand
US9131597B2 (en) 2011-02-02 2015-09-08 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system and method for treating hard body tissue
US9693818B2 (en) 2013-03-07 2017-07-04 Arthrocare Corporation Methods and systems related to electrosurgical wands
US9713489B2 (en) 2013-03-07 2017-07-25 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical methods and systems
US9801678B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2017-10-31 Arthrocare Corporation Method and system of controlling conductive fluid flow during an electrosurgical procedure

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3707149A (en) Electrosurgery unit and instrument
US3929137A (en) Sonic warning for electrosurgical device
US3870047A (en) Electrosurgical device
US3804096A (en) Electrosurgical device
US3875945A (en) Electrosurgery instrument
US4237887A (en) Electrosurgical device
US4331149A (en) Electrosurgical device
US4092986A (en) Constant output electrosurgical unit
US4840563A (en) Dental equipment having means for delivering RF and LF energy to a dental handpiece
US4051855A (en) Electrosurgical unit
US4463759A (en) Universal finger/foot switch adaptor for tube-type electrosurgical instrument
US3808502A (en) Isolator circuit for use with electrical medical equipment
US6582427B1 (en) Electrosurgery system
US2407690A (en) Wave guide electrotherapeutic system
EP0332307B1 (en) Return electrode contact monitor for a HF surgical apparatus
US3913583A (en) Control circuit for electrosurgical units
US3903883A (en) Variable aerosol heater with automatic temperature control
CA1282664C (en) Electrosurgical knife with visual alarm
EP2792326A1 (en) Multi-button electrosurgical apparatus
CN107112981B (en) Finger switch circuit for reducing RF leakage current
GB2090532A (en) An electrosurgical apparatus
GB1498338A (en) Sterilization device
US2213820A (en) High frequency apparatus for therapeutic and surgical uses
US4498475A (en) Electrosurgical unit
US4032860A (en) Radio frequency power generator having adjustable stabilized output level and fail-safe control circuits