US3654919A - Process and apparatus for synchronous assisting of blood circulation - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for synchronous assisting of blood circulation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3654919A US3654919A US92606A US3654919DA US3654919A US 3654919 A US3654919 A US 3654919A US 92606 A US92606 A US 92606A US 3654919D A US3654919D A US 3654919DA US 3654919 A US3654919 A US 3654919A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- hydraulic
- patient
- seal
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H9/00—Pneumatic or hydraulic massage
- A61H9/005—Pneumatic massage
- A61H9/0078—Pneumatic massage with intermittent or alternately inflated bladders or cuffs
Definitions
- said apparatus comprising a rigid, incom- 2 App] 92,50 pressible system which provides an external pulsatile pressure environment on a portion of the body which is synchronous and phased with cardiac action.
- a rigid chamber or chambers with a liquid filled system of non-distensible, yet expandable, seals houses a portion of the body (e.g., the limbs) in such a way that the pressure exerted on the body can be varied above and below atmospheric pressure by adding or removing liquid from the system.
- A'I'I'ORNIL'YS PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR SYNCI-IRONOUS ASSISTING OF BLOOD CIRCULATION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1 Field of the Invention
- This invention relates to a novel apparatus for assisting blood flow through the circulatory system by synchronizing the pulsing of an external assist means with the heartbeat.
- the invention also relates to a novel process achieved by use of the apparatus.
- synchronous external pressure assist processes are distinguishable and advantageous over pre-existing counterpulsation processes because the latter kind of procedure involves the cannulation of a major artery, use of an extra-corporeal blood handling device, the use of stringently sterile techniques and the necessity of administering anti-coagulants to the patient.
- the blood trauma or hemolysis produced by extracorporeal pumping devices limits permissible duration of the assist procedure and compromises the condition of the patient.
- the apparatus suggested in the prior art has a number of drawbacks in that it is cumbersome to use, i.e., the patient is inserted into and removed from the device with excessive effort; and it is excessively difficult to achieve the proper pressure-pulsation profile and impossible to achieve what the inventors believe is the more advantageous mode of operation, i.e. at an ambient pressure at or below atmospheric pressure.
- Another object of the invention is to provide improved apparatus capable of being controlled to maintain a lower mean or reference pressure than has heretofore been obtainable on that part of a patients body being subjected to external pressure variation.
- Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus capable of maintaining a pulsed pressure at more nearly the pressure profile desired for a particular patient.
- Still another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus into which the patient can be placed or from which the patient can be removed with relative ease and comfort.
- a further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus which does not allow the external pressure variation to impart an undesirable movement to the patient being treated therewith.
- Another object of the invention is to increase the output of the coronary vasculature.
- Another object of the invention is to achieve the foregoing objects with a relatively compact apparatus.
- the present invention is partly based on the discovery that the coronary vasculature can be made to produce a higher volume of blood flow when the pressure of blood flowing thereto is artifically modified. Ordinarily during the heartbeat, there is a muscular squeeze on the vasculature during cardiac systole which reduces its output somewhat.
- the apparatus of the invention it has been found that the capacity of a portion of the arterial system can be increased during systole and the vascular resistance and pressure exerted by the left ventricle can be lowered.
- cardiac diastole the capacity of the aforesaid portion of arterial system can be decreased, thus returning blood to the aorta and thereby increasing diastolic pressure and perfusion flow.
- collateral circulation i.e. spare vessels which normally do not provide very significant blood flow but which ordinarily come into important operation when a damaged vascular system is attempting to repair itself
- the collateral circulation system i.e. spare vessels which normally do not provide very significant blood flow but which ordinarily come into important operation when a damaged vascular system is attempting to repair itself
- apparatus for assisting circulation by synchronous pulsation which apparatus is constructed of a receiving compartment for a portion of a patients body which compartment comprises therein active inflatable seal bags and passive seal bags through which pressure can be exerted, e.g. most conveniently on the patients limbs.
- the active seal bags contain a non-compressible liquid such as water and are in direct hydraulic communication with a piston means for increasing the water content and consequently the volume of the expansible bags.
- the liquid in the passive seal bags which are pressurized by the pressure exerted by the expansion of the active bags, is fully enclosed. Means are provided for keeping air out of the limb-receiving compartment during operation of the device. In operation, negative pressure may be achieved immediately adjacent the limbs and then be overridden during that part of an operating cycle when expansion of the active seal bags causes them to bear against the passive seal bags and thereby transmit pressure completely around the legs.
- inflatable is meant to define seal bags as being expandable when fluid is injected thereinto. It is not meant to suggest that the bags are constructed of elastic, i.e. rubber-like material. In fact, such distendable materials are not preferred because their distension would add to the inertia of the system and reduce the capability of the system to conform to desired cycle patterns.
- a particular advantage of the apparatus of the invention is the construction whereby leg-holding compartments are formed into a stationary compartment formed of a smaller casing segment and a larger casing segment.
- the smaller casing segment advantageously not more than about 150 angular degrees and preferably not more than 120 angular degrees, carries the active inflatable hydraulic seal bags; the larger passive seal bags are attached to the larger casing segments which are pivotally mounted for quick and convenient enclosing of a patients legs once they have been rested on the expansible seal bags.
- Another particularly advantageous feature of the invention is the fact that the continuous availability of vacuum to the system allows excellent control of the pressure cycle on the leg of the patient.
- the inertial problems with use of apparatus comprising a single pneumatic or hydraulic pressure control system are largely avoided.
- the passive seal bags should have the opposing internal sides thereof tethered together. Such tethering substantially alleviates the tendency of the apparatus to propel the patient out of the device with each pressure pulse.
- FIG. I is a schematic diagram explanatory of the operation of the apparatus of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing the placement of a patient in relationship to the apparatus of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a section of the liquid-containing seal bags and rigid enclosure therefor, the bags being in non-expanded position.
- FIG. 4 is a view similar to that shown in FIG. 3 with the bags being in expanded position.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the passive seal bags used in the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a section, in perspective, of the pressure-pulsing system of the apparatus of the invention.
- FIG. 7 is a partly exploded view showing how the device of the invention fits onto and hydraulically communicates with the leg encasing members of the apparatus.
- a pulsed signal input is received along conduit 18 from a cardiac pulser section 20.
- This pulser section forms means to receive, screen and transmit signals from an electrocardiogram apparatus so that the apparatus of the invention will be properly synchronized with the heartbeat of a patient being treated.
- the signal input is received by a solenoid valve control system 22 which controls the flow of hydraulic fluid through conduit 23 to either side of master control piston 24 through hydraulic sub-circuits 26 and 28 each of which comprises control valves 29 to adjust the rate at which fluid is applied to piston 24.
- Hydraulic fluid flowing through sub-circuit 26 is applied to face 30 of piston 24 causing the piston to move to the left. Conversely, hydraulic fluid flowing through sub-circuit 26 is applied to face 32 of piston 24 causing the piston to move to the right.
- a rightward movement of the piston causes a double belIofram-type piston 34 to move rightward also.
- This movement of piston 34 causes liquid contained in liquid seal system 36 to be driven into the active, i.e. expandable, seal bags 38 by face 40 of piston 34.
- the other face 42 of piston 34 moves to the right and tends to increase the availability of vacuum to the rigid legs housings which hold the seal bags 58.
- FIGS. 2,3,4 and 5 are illustrative of the arrangement whereby a pressure-expansible, i.e. active, seal bag 38 is held, together with a passive seal bag 52, within a rigid casing 54 consisting of a fixed smaller casing segment 56 and a pivotally mounted larger casing segment 58. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, smaller casing segments 56 are integrally mounted with the pressure control module 60.
- active seal bags 38 are attached on smaller casing segments 56.
- the passive seal bag 52 is placed over the leg 62, larger casing segment 58 is pivoted inwardly to close over passive seal bag 52 and complete formation of the rigid casing 54.
- FIG. 4 it is seen that, when the pressure is increased by the injection of liquid into inflatable active seal bag 38, there is a sufficient distension of the inflatable bag to transmit hydraulic pressure through passive seal bag 62, and thereby effectively apply compression to substantially all surfaces of leg 62.
- the environmental pressure of the leg again tends to drop below the ambient pressure.
- FIG. 5 Illustrated in FIG. 5 is a passive seal bag 52 filled with a noncompressible liquid.
- the bag is formed of a plurality of elongated channels 66 adapted to run roughly parallel with one another and the leg of the patient being treated.
- Each channel 66 has a small conduit 73 therein for use in filling the channel with a fluid, for example, water.
- the walls 68 and 70 of the channels 66 are tapered outwardly from the ankle end to the thigh end" thereof in order to accomodate the normally larger diameter of the upper leg.
- FIG. 5 is illustrated a seal bag comprising a plurality of Iongitudinal liquid-containing compartments 66.
- Each compartment 66 has an independent liquid fill port 74 which is clamped OK after the compartment is filled.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate a compact control module 60 which is normally mounted integrally with the above-described legenclosing members.
- pressure control module 60 comprises a piston 74 which is analogous to the piston indicated at 34 in FIG. 1.
- Piston 74 is contained in a piston housing 76 and is operated by means of a hydraulically activated piston 78.
- Piston 78 is analogous to piston 24 of FIG.
- Piston 74 is formed of a plastic foam core 79 which is protected on the vacuum system side 80 with a face plate 82 and protected on the pressure system side 84 with a face plate 86. Between each of face plates 82 and 86 and the foam core is an elastomeric seal member 88. These seal members 88 are generally circular in shape and extend between and are sealed by flanges 90 formed by piston housing member 76 and lower chassis member 92 (for the lower of the two seals) and formed by piston housing member 76 and the lower extension 94 of accumulator housing 96 (for the upper of the two seals).
- Hydraulically activated piston 28 is supplied by drive fluid to each face thereof through hoses 98. Piston 28 is mounted within a vacuum accumulator tank 100 that is analogous to the accumulator 48 of FIG. 1. A check valve 102 is fastened in plate 104 which plate forms the bottom of tank 100 and also forms the top boundary of the cylinder 103 in which piston 74 reciprocates.
- Check valve 102 provides means to avoid a backflow of gas into the accumulator tank 100 during the upward stroke of piston 74.
- a relief valve 106 is mounted in extension 94 of housing 96 to avoid an excessive vacuum build-up in accumulator tank 100.
- an exhaust port 108 is provided in this housing extension and provided with an exhaust valve, which valve is not shown in the drawings but is analogous to valve 46 of FIG. 1.
- the vacuum line to the leg seals is attached at port 110 in accumulator housing 96.
- the pressure side 84 of piston 74 is bounded by face plate 86 and bottom plate assembly 112.
- Bottom plate assembly 112 consists of a bottom plate 115 and a dish-shaped plate 116 which effectively avoids flexing of assembly 112 during the reciprocating action of piston 74.
- a bleed valve 118 is provided for facilitating the removal of air from the liquid in the compression zone bounded by face plate 86 and bottom plate assembly 112.
- low housing member 114 of bottom plate assembly 112 comprises an enclosed extension 120 which (as illustrated in FIG. 7 forms non-restricting conduit means 121 connecting active seal bags 38 to the pressure side 84 of piston 74.
- This arrangement provides excellent mechanical bracing of the various members of the apparatus and also minimizes any friction loss effects which would be caused by piping the pressurizing liquid through conventional conduits.
- the compact pressure control module 60 is advantageously placed in the V-section formed by the patients legs.
- the resultant unit is compact and easily handled by hospital personnel.
- waist seal belt 123 and foot-covering seal members 125 are also seen in FIG. 2.
- Belt 123 and members 125 form means to seal the extremities of the leg casings but do so without constricting the portion of the body at which the seal is effected.
- the sealing pressure is not achieved by a tight or snug mechanical fit but is achieved by use of the above-described vacuum system and therefore is readily adaptable to fit most patients while limiting the sealing pressure to less than atmospheric pressure.
- Apparatus for use in external synchronous assisting of the circulation of blood in a patient comprising A. a rigid housing forming means to house a portion of a patients body;
- suction-producing means to provide a substantially gasfree environment for said compression and decompression means and D. means to synchronize the overriding of said sub-atmospheric pressure with the patients heartbeat.
- the hydraulic compression means comprises (A) expansible seal bags containing a volume of substantially non-compressible fluid which is in hydraulic communication with hydraulic means for increasing and decreasing the volume thereof and thereby expanding and contracting said expansible seal bags and (B) passive seal bags also containing a substantially non-compressible liquid and wherein the expansible seal bags are so arranged with respect to the passive seal bags that expansion of the former results in hydraulic pressure being exerted on the latter; said seal bags being enclosed in said rigid housing.
- said housing is shaped for receiving a patients limb and said passive seal bag comprises a plurality of tethering means running longitudinally therealong and connecting the walls of said passive seal which is affixed to said larger circumferential segments of said rigid casing.
- Apparatus useful in providing a continuous suction and a fluctuating hydraulic pressure to a treating zone said apparatus characterized by its compactness and freedom from excess mechanical action and comprising, in integral relation with one another
- A. a reciprocating piston mounted for movement in a housing between a suction zone and a hydraulic zone, said piston bearing seal means to maintain separation of one said zone from the other;
- said means for providing gas-free environment comprises a non-constrictive suction-activated seal means.
- Apparatus as defined in claim 2 wherein said means for providing a gas-free environment comprise a non-constrictive, suction-activated seal means and wherein said expansible seal bags are constituted of a substantially inelastic material.
Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US9260670A | 1970-11-25 | 1970-11-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3654919A true US3654919A (en) | 1972-04-11 |
Family
ID=22234083
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US92606A Expired - Lifetime US3654919A (en) | 1970-11-25 | 1970-11-25 | Process and apparatus for synchronous assisting of blood circulation |
Country Status (2)
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US (1) | US3654919A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5543777B1 (en) |
Cited By (44)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3783859A (en) * | 1972-10-13 | 1974-01-08 | Medical Innovations Inc | Novel external circulatory assist device |
US3786802A (en) * | 1972-10-24 | 1974-01-22 | Medical Innovations Inc | Leg unit inserts |
US3795242A (en) * | 1972-10-24 | 1974-03-05 | Medical Innovations Inc | Apparatus for applying hydraulic pulsation |
US3866604A (en) * | 1973-09-28 | 1975-02-18 | Avco Everett Res Lab Inc | External cardiac assistance |
US3993053A (en) * | 1974-08-05 | 1976-11-23 | Murray Grossan | Pulsating massage system |
US4388919A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1983-06-21 | Intermedics Cardiassist Corporation | Rapid stabilization of external cardiac pulsation |
US4597384A (en) * | 1984-06-29 | 1986-07-01 | Gaymar Industries, Inc. | Sequential compression sleeve |
US4738249A (en) * | 1985-03-01 | 1988-04-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method and apparatus for augmenting blood circulation |
US4753226A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1988-06-28 | Biomedical Engineering Development Center of Sun Yat-Sen University of Medical Science | Combination device for a computerized and enhanced type of external counterpulsation and extra-thoracic cardiac massage apparatus |
US5000164A (en) * | 1989-06-26 | 1991-03-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Circulation enhancing apparatus |
US5762618A (en) * | 1995-06-14 | 1998-06-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Fuji Iryoki | Chair-type air massage device |
US5792082A (en) * | 1995-06-14 | 1998-08-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Fuji Iryoki | Chair-type air massage device |
US5810750A (en) * | 1995-08-25 | 1998-09-22 | Buser; John Paul | Method for aligning a fractured bone |
US5989204A (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1999-11-23 | Kinetic Concepts, Inc. | Foot-mounted venous compression device |
WO2001062201A2 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-08-30 | Mackay Spencer L | Massaging apparatus using inflatable bladders |
US6336907B1 (en) | 1998-11-25 | 2002-01-08 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Massaging system |
US20020107461A1 (en) * | 2000-11-10 | 2002-08-08 | Hui John C.K. | High efficiency external counterpulsation apparatus and method for controlling same |
US6450981B1 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 2002-09-17 | Paul Shabty | Computer-based control for a counterpulsation device using noncompressed air |
US20030032904A1 (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2003-02-13 | Norbert Egger | Fitness device in the form of a garment |
US6572621B1 (en) | 1992-05-07 | 2003-06-03 | Vasomedical, Inc. | High efficiency external counterpulsation apparatus and method for controlling same |
US6589194B1 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2003-07-08 | C-Boot Ltd | Self-powered compression devices and methods for promoting circulation and therapeutic compression |
US20030139255A1 (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 2003-07-24 | Kinetic Concepts, Inc. | Pneumatic compression device and methods for use in the medical field |
US6620116B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2003-09-16 | Michael P. Lewis | External counterpulsation unit |
US20030233118A1 (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2003-12-18 | Hui John C. K. | Method for treating congestive heart failure using external counterpulsation |
WO2003105747A1 (en) | 2002-06-01 | 2003-12-24 | Vasomedical, Inc. | External counterpulsation system and method for minimizing end diastolic pressure |
WO2003105746A1 (en) | 2002-06-01 | 2003-12-24 | Vasomedical, Inc. | Method for treating congestive heart failure using external counterpulsation |
US20040111047A1 (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 2004-06-10 | Tony Reid | Multiple sleeve method and apparatus for treating edema and other swelling disorders |
US20040181221A1 (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2004-09-16 | Huebner Randall J. | External fixator |
GB2404591A (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2005-02-09 | Mark Wilson | Antishock Stretcher |
US20050070755A1 (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 2005-03-31 | Zhensheng Zheng | High efficiency external counterpulsation method |
US20050070405A1 (en) * | 2001-10-02 | 2005-03-31 | Norbert Egger | Fitness device |
US20050075531A1 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2005-04-07 | Loeb Marvin P. | Devices and methods for non-invasively improving blood circulation |
US20050203447A1 (en) * | 2004-03-09 | 2005-09-15 | Robert J. Pisani | Waterproof hydrotherapy limb massager |
US20060004245A1 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2006-01-05 | Pickett David A | High-efficiency external counterpulsation apparatus and method for performing the same |
US20060058715A1 (en) * | 2004-09-14 | 2006-03-16 | Hui John C | External counterpulsation device with multiple processors |
US20070272250A1 (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2007-11-29 | Michael Paul Lewis | External pulsation treatment apparatus |
US20080319248A1 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-25 | Michael Paul Lewis | Hydraulically Actuated External Pulsation Treatment Apparatus |
US20160058653A1 (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2016-03-03 | Matthew Thomas OBERDIER | External peripheral vascular occlusion for enhanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
US9872812B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2018-01-23 | Kpr U.S., Llc | Residual pressure control in a compression device |
USD889634S1 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2020-07-07 | Otivio As | Pressure control unit |
USD900996S1 (en) | 2017-10-16 | 2020-11-03 | Otivio As | Pressure chamber |
US10940075B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2021-03-09 | Otivio As | Medical pressure therapy device and components thereof |
US11110021B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2021-09-07 | Otivio As | Medical pressure therapy device and components thereof |
US11259985B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2022-03-01 | Otivio As | Medical pressure therapy device and components thereof |
Citations (2)
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US3303841A (en) * | 1964-06-18 | 1967-02-14 | Dennis Clarence | Process and apparatus for pressurizing lower extremities of a patient during ventricular diastole |
US3403673A (en) * | 1965-07-14 | 1968-10-01 | Welton Whann R | Means and method for stimulating arterial and venous blood flow |
-
1970
- 1970-11-25 US US92606A patent/US3654919A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1971
- 1971-11-25 JP JP9485871A patent/JPS5543777B1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3303841A (en) * | 1964-06-18 | 1967-02-14 | Dennis Clarence | Process and apparatus for pressurizing lower extremities of a patient during ventricular diastole |
US3403673A (en) * | 1965-07-14 | 1968-10-01 | Welton Whann R | Means and method for stimulating arterial and venous blood flow |
Cited By (71)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3783859A (en) * | 1972-10-13 | 1974-01-08 | Medical Innovations Inc | Novel external circulatory assist device |
US3786802A (en) * | 1972-10-24 | 1974-01-22 | Medical Innovations Inc | Leg unit inserts |
US3795242A (en) * | 1972-10-24 | 1974-03-05 | Medical Innovations Inc | Apparatus for applying hydraulic pulsation |
US3866604A (en) * | 1973-09-28 | 1975-02-18 | Avco Everett Res Lab Inc | External cardiac assistance |
US3993053A (en) * | 1974-08-05 | 1976-11-23 | Murray Grossan | Pulsating massage system |
US4388919A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1983-06-21 | Intermedics Cardiassist Corporation | Rapid stabilization of external cardiac pulsation |
US4597384A (en) * | 1984-06-29 | 1986-07-01 | Gaymar Industries, Inc. | Sequential compression sleeve |
US4738249A (en) * | 1985-03-01 | 1988-04-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method and apparatus for augmenting blood circulation |
US4753226A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1988-06-28 | Biomedical Engineering Development Center of Sun Yat-Sen University of Medical Science | Combination device for a computerized and enhanced type of external counterpulsation and extra-thoracic cardiac massage apparatus |
US5000164A (en) * | 1989-06-26 | 1991-03-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Circulation enhancing apparatus |
US5989204A (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1999-11-23 | Kinetic Concepts, Inc. | Foot-mounted venous compression device |
US20030139255A1 (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 2003-07-24 | Kinetic Concepts, Inc. | Pneumatic compression device and methods for use in the medical field |
US6572621B1 (en) | 1992-05-07 | 2003-06-03 | Vasomedical, Inc. | High efficiency external counterpulsation apparatus and method for controlling same |
US20050070755A1 (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 2005-03-31 | Zhensheng Zheng | High efficiency external counterpulsation method |
US20040111047A1 (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 2004-06-10 | Tony Reid | Multiple sleeve method and apparatus for treating edema and other swelling disorders |
US5762618A (en) * | 1995-06-14 | 1998-06-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Fuji Iryoki | Chair-type air massage device |
US5792082A (en) * | 1995-06-14 | 1998-08-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Fuji Iryoki | Chair-type air massage device |
US5810750A (en) * | 1995-08-25 | 1998-09-22 | Buser; John Paul | Method for aligning a fractured bone |
US20050137507A1 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 2005-06-23 | Paul Shabty | Counterpulsation device using noncompressed air |
US6450981B1 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 2002-09-17 | Paul Shabty | Computer-based control for a counterpulsation device using noncompressed air |
US6923776B2 (en) | 1997-08-18 | 2005-08-02 | Cpc America | Computer-based control for a counterpulsation device using noncompressed air |
US20050240128A1 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 2005-10-27 | Paul Shabty | Computer-based control for a counterpulsation device using noncompressed air |
US6736786B1 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 2004-05-18 | Cpc America | Counterpulsation device using noncompressed air |
US6336907B1 (en) | 1998-11-25 | 2002-01-08 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Massaging system |
DE19957471B4 (en) * | 1998-11-25 | 2005-10-06 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd., Kadoma | massage system |
US20030032904A1 (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2003-02-13 | Norbert Egger | Fitness device in the form of a garment |
WO2001062201A2 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-08-30 | Mackay Spencer L | Massaging apparatus using inflatable bladders |
WO2001062201A3 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2002-05-02 | Spencer L Mackay | Massaging apparatus using inflatable bladders |
US6361512B1 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2002-03-26 | Spencer L. Mackay | Massaging apparatus using inflatable bladders |
US6589194B1 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2003-07-08 | C-Boot Ltd | Self-powered compression devices and methods for promoting circulation and therapeutic compression |
US6962599B2 (en) | 2000-11-10 | 2005-11-08 | Vasomedical, Inc. | High efficiency external counterpulsation apparatus and method for controlling same |
US7314478B2 (en) | 2000-11-10 | 2008-01-01 | Vasomedical, Inc. | High efficiency external counterpulsation apparatus and method for controlling same |
US6589267B1 (en) | 2000-11-10 | 2003-07-08 | Vasomedical, Inc. | High efficiency external counterpulsation apparatus and method for controlling same |
US20020107461A1 (en) * | 2000-11-10 | 2002-08-08 | Hui John C.K. | High efficiency external counterpulsation apparatus and method for controlling same |
US20050131456A1 (en) * | 2000-11-10 | 2005-06-16 | Hui John C.K. | High efficiency external counterpulsation apparatus and method for controlling same |
US6620116B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2003-09-16 | Michael P. Lewis | External counterpulsation unit |
US20050070405A1 (en) * | 2001-10-02 | 2005-03-31 | Norbert Egger | Fitness device |
WO2003105746A1 (en) | 2002-06-01 | 2003-12-24 | Vasomedical, Inc. | Method for treating congestive heart failure using external counterpulsation |
WO2003105747A1 (en) | 2002-06-01 | 2003-12-24 | Vasomedical, Inc. | External counterpulsation system and method for minimizing end diastolic pressure |
US20030233118A1 (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2003-12-18 | Hui John C. K. | Method for treating congestive heart failure using external counterpulsation |
US7048702B2 (en) | 2002-06-13 | 2006-05-23 | Vasomedical, Inc. | External counterpulsation and method for minimizing end diastolic pressure |
US7147640B2 (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2006-12-12 | Acumed Llc | External fixator |
US20040181221A1 (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2004-09-16 | Huebner Randall J. | External fixator |
GB2404591A (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2005-02-09 | Mark Wilson | Antishock Stretcher |
US20050075531A1 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2005-04-07 | Loeb Marvin P. | Devices and methods for non-invasively improving blood circulation |
USRE42958E1 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2011-11-22 | Cardiomedics, Inc. | Devices and methods for non-invasively improving blood circulation |
US7244225B2 (en) | 2003-10-07 | 2007-07-17 | Cardiomedics, Inc. | Devices and methods for non-invasively improving blood circulation |
US20050203447A1 (en) * | 2004-03-09 | 2005-09-15 | Robert J. Pisani | Waterproof hydrotherapy limb massager |
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US10940075B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2021-03-09 | Otivio As | Medical pressure therapy device and components thereof |
US11110021B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2021-09-07 | Otivio As | Medical pressure therapy device and components thereof |
US11259985B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2022-03-01 | Otivio As | Medical pressure therapy device and components thereof |
USD900996S1 (en) | 2017-10-16 | 2020-11-03 | Otivio As | Pressure chamber |
USD889634S1 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2020-07-07 | Otivio As | Pressure control unit |
USD901670S1 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2020-11-10 | Otivio As | Pressure control unit |
Also Published As
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JPS5543777B1 (en) | 1980-11-08 |
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