US3650213A - Frangible filled-projectile ammunition - Google Patents

Frangible filled-projectile ammunition Download PDF

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US3650213A
US3650213A US835313A US3650213DA US3650213A US 3650213 A US3650213 A US 3650213A US 835313 A US835313 A US 835313A US 3650213D A US3650213D A US 3650213DA US 3650213 A US3650213 A US 3650213A
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projectile
nose
padding
case
fins
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US835313A
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David D Abbott
Irwin R Barr
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Textron Systems Corp
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AAI Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
    • F42B10/04—Stabilising arrangements using fixed fins
    • F42B10/06—Tail fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/50—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances by dispersion

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Ammunition in which a generally teardrop shaped hollow projectile is formed of frangible plastic or other suitable material, the rear'end of the projectile is finned and the forward rounded or ogive shaped end is scored or grooved for ease of rupture on impact, the projectile carries a payload of a desired flowable material such as a liquid, powder, or a gas, and preferably a liquid, for dispersion on impact at target, the projectile is carried in a cartridge case in which ignitable propellant powder is disposed adjacent the rear end of the projectile and adjacent a primer, there being a blanket of soft resilient flexible polyurethane foam surrounding and behind the rear finned area of the projectile and disposed between the fins and the propellant powder to retain the powder in place in a compact zone adjacent the finned rear of the projectile.
  • a desired flowable material such as a liquid, powder, or a gas, and preferably a liquid, for dispersion on impact at target
  • the projectile is carried
  • This invention relates to ammunition having frangible filled projectiles which are projected to a target for rupture and dispersion of their filled charge on impact with a target.
  • the projectile has a special teardrop shape for minimizing turbulence, and has fins disposed along and about the tapered rear surface, with a resilient padding disposed about the tapered and finned rear surface to resiliently maintain desired positioning of the propellant powder in a compact zone adjacent the rear of the projectile.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cutaway perspective view of a cartridge according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a further fragmentary view of the illustrative cartridge, the cartridge case being shown in phantom for clarity of illustration of certain parts.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a projectile according to the invention and prior to assembly and filling.
  • FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the projectile of FIGS. 1 and 2 in assembled and filled form.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded view of the cartridge case after propellant loading, together with the projectile and powder retaining blanket or pad prior to assembly in the cartridge case.
  • FIGS. 6-10 are schematic views of successive assembly operations, and FIG. 11 is a further partial cutaway view of the completed cartridge.
  • cartridge 11 is adapted to be fired from a conventional smooth cylindrical bore percussion fire shotgun, and includes a case 21, a fin stabilized liquid filled projectile 31 frangible on target impact, a propellant powder charge 51, and a soft resilient blanket 41 disposed about and rearward of the rear finned area of the projectile 31.
  • Case 21 includes a cylindrical sheath which is preferably of a suitable plastic such as linear polyethylene, although such may be formed of any other suitable material such as a paper composition, etc.
  • Case 21 has a conventional rimmed brass cup base with a base wad 27, of suitable plyed paper, plastic, or composition construction, and a percussion primer 29, which may be of any conventional or desired construction for igniting the propellant powder charge 51 upon percussive firing ofthe primer 29.
  • Projectile 31 has a generally teardrop shape with a generally rounded nose section 33, a straight tapered rear section 35 and a finned rear section having fins 39 nested within blanket 41. Projectile 31 is retained in case 21 through retaining engagement of its forward nose end by annular in-rolled or crimped retaining lip 23a formed at the end of case sheath 23.
  • Projectile 31 has two sections 33 and 35 formed preferably of easily moldable thermoplastic materials such as nylon and polyethylene, and which are capable of withstanding the momentary high temperature burning of propellant powder charge 51 without melting or rupturing. Sections 33 and 35 are joined together along their annular shouldered interfitting junctions 33b, 330, 331', and 35b, 35c, 351, as by suitable bonding such as cement, spin-welding, etc., the rear end of the section 35 being initially formed with a fill tip 37 having a fill bore 370 and extending rearwardly of fins 39 for filling the projectile with a desired fiowable material, preferably a liquid, after uniting of the two sections 33 and 35.
  • a desired fiowable material preferably a liquid
  • the projectile is preferably incompletely filled to enable expansion on anticipated temperature rises above the ambient temperature existing during projectile sealing after filling; however, it is desirable that only the minimum requisite expansion space be left void within the projectile in order to maximize payload content.
  • the extent of liquid filling 32 is thus dependent upon the coefficient of thermal expansion of the liquid and any normally expected temperature rise thereof in use.
  • the projectile fill tip 37 is closed, as by melt sealing with a hot concave-ended iron, to form a hermetic closure 37b.
  • the projectile nose section 33 has suitable grooving formed therein, preferably radial V-grooves 33a radiating from the center of the nose section along the outer surface thereof. in order to achieve ease of multi-directional rupture of the nose section on target impact, and wide lateral dispersal and essentially aerosoling of the flowable liquid material 32 in the target impact zone. Grooves 33a also aid in holding the nose section 33 during spin-welding of the two sections 33, 35 together.
  • this target-impact-frangible liquid-filled projectile it is possible to fire through a glass window, including a conventional multilayered auto safety glass window, and effect dissemination of the liquid fill in a cloud of tiny liquid droplets within the target area beyond the window which may be perforated, as by being either partially or completely broken by the projectile, dependent upon the projectile velocity and glass strength.
  • a highly volatile liquid agent as the liquid fill 32, this target impact dispersal, whether against a wall, through a window or otherwise, is materially enhanced.
  • a liquid fill 32 of CS or CN liquid solution is effective in bringing about temporary disabling and control of persons from a substantial distance such as, for example, yards away from point of cartridge firing.
  • a suitable CS liquid solution may be formed of about I to 30% by weight of CS, and the remainder of methylene chloride or other suitable volatile liquid solvent.
  • the projectile 31 is provided with fins 39, which are canted in the range of about 1-5 degrees, preferably about 4 degrees, and formed in an air-foil shaped longitudinal sectional configuration.
  • the canting of fins 39 gives a rotational stabilizing motion to the projectile in flight and the air foil shape of the fins aids in this gyroscopic stabilization by the angularly directed air-foil lift forces as well as providing a low turbulence low drag surface for maximizing velocity, range, and accuracy.
  • the included taper angle formed by the outer tapered surface of rear section 35 should desirably be the maximum permissible while still providing the desired generally laminar flow therealong and past airfoil fins 39. This has been indicated to lie in the general range of about 20 degrees. It is for this reason of desired laminar flow, as well as the desire to accommodate a maximum payload of liquid fill that the preferred projectile configuration has a substantially straight tapered surfaced rear section 35; the straight taper enabling maximum internal volume with an included taper angle near the limit for laminar flow.
  • the nose section 33 is generally rounded for maximum payload holding capacity consistent with desired low wind resistance and maximum radial dispersal upon rupture on impact.
  • fins 39 be intact upon the projectile 31 leaving case 21; however, when formed of relatively easily frangible plastic material, such as nylon, these fins 39 may readily be ruptured or cracked if there should exist substantial quantitative unevenness of distribution of powder charge 51 in the areas between the fins 39.
  • blanket 41 of soft resilient elastic material such as polyurethane foam or polyethylene foam, etc., is disposed to extend about and behind the fins 39 and tapered rear surface area 35a therebetween.
  • Fins 39 are of a slightly smaller diameter than the internal diameter of case sheath 23, enabling the foam blanket 41 to be inserted into the cartridge case 21 by simple axial downward insertion of the projectile into the vertically upright case 21 as shown in FIGS.
  • the preferably square blanket configuration enables ease of accommodation of the blanket between the fins, and as will be noted from FIGS. 1, 9, and 11, the propellant powder charge is thereby gently but effectively retained essentially within a chamber bounded by the base wad 27, primer 29, case sheath 23 and soft elastic foam blanket 41.
  • the amount of powder charge 51 extending along the thin wall zone between blanket 41 and case sheath 23 is relatively small and maintained of sufficient quadrilateral evenness relative to its quantity as to obviate breakage of the quadrilaterally disposed fins 39 upon firing of the cartridge. It will be appreciated that the elastic resiliency of the blanket 41 will enable accommodation of various quantities of powder charge, while exerting a desired gentle resilient retaining action on the charge.
  • the case sheath 23 is inrolled or crimped as with a conventional end-rolling tool 71 while the case 21 is radially restrained by a guide cylinder 73, thereby completing the formation of the cartridge 11 to the final configuration of FIGS. 1 and 11.
  • Ammunition comprising:
  • a projectile disposed in said case and having a rear end on which are disposed stabilization fins in spaced relation about the surface thereof,
  • resilient padding disposed rearwardly and laterally of and circumferentially enfolding and encompassing said rear end and associated fins and extending between the radially outer ends of said fins and said case inner wall and into the void zones between said fins,
  • said projectile being a hollow thin-walled frangible shell along its length and including a bulbous nose and a tapered rear end on which said fins are disposed,
  • said shell being frangible on target impact by said bulbous nose
  • said projectile having a charge of flowable material for dispersion on target impact and rupture of said bulbous nose.
  • said fins being integral with the portion of said projectile forming said rear end thereof.
  • said projectile being formed of molded low density plastic material
  • said charge of fiowable material being liquid.
  • said projectile having a rounded nose which is scored for ease of rupture upon target impact
  • said projectile being incompletely filled with said liquid charge to enable expansion of said liquid upon heating thereof.
  • said projectile nose being arcuately diametrally scored to form grooves intersecting at the forward central zone of said nose.
  • said nose being cup-shaped and said rear section being conically shaped
  • cup-shaped nose being secured to said conically shaped rear section along a shouldered line of juncture therebetween.
  • said nose and rear sections being formed of thermoplastic material and being spin welded together.
  • said padding being soft resilient elastic foam material.
  • Ammunition comprising:
  • resilient padding disposed about said finned rear section of said projectile, and ignitable propellant powder disposed and resiliently retained in a chamber formed rearward of said padding and generally defined at its forward end by said padding,
  • said projectile being hollow and having a nose end frangible on target impact, said projectile having a charge of flowable material for dispersion on target impact and rupture of said nose end,
  • said projectile having a teardrop shape with a tapered rear end on which are disposed stabilization fins in spaced relation about the surface thereof, said fins being integral with the portion of said projectile forming said rear end thereof,
  • said projectile being formed of molded low-density plastic material
  • said charge of flowable material being liquid
  • said projectile having a rounded nose which is scored for ease of rupture upon target impact
  • said projectile being incompletely filled with said liquid charge to enable expansion of said liquid upon heating thereof,
  • said projectile nose being arcuately diametrally scored to form grooves intersecting at the forward central zone of said nose
  • said nose being cup-shaped and said rear section being conically shaped
  • cup-shaped rear section being secured to said conically shaped rear section along a shouldered line of juncture therebetween
  • said nose and rear sections being formed of thermoplastic material and being spin welded together
  • said padding being a blanket of soft resilient elastic foam material surrounding and encompassing the rear finned section ofsaid projectile
  • said blanket extending circumferentially into contact with the inner surface of said case, whereby both to generally retain said propellant powder and to cushion said finned rear end of said projectile.
  • said padding being a blanket of soft resilient elastic foam material surrounding and encompassing the rear finned section of said projectile
  • said blanket extending circumferentially into contact with the inner surface of said case, whereby both to generally retain said propellant powder and to cushion said finned rear end of said projectile.
  • said case having an in-rolled forward end annular bead engaging the forward end of said projectile in retaining relation.
  • said case having a tubular forward section formed of thermoplastic pressure deformable material
  • said bead being formed at the forward end of said tubular section.
  • said resilient padding being an effective circumferential blanket of soft resilient easily frangible material which serves as a temporary frangible cushion for said finned rear section and as a resilient powder retainer for said ignitable propellant powder,
  • said soft resilient elastic padding blanket being formed of material which will effectively disintegrate upon firing of said ignitable propellant powder.
  • Ammunition comprising:
  • said projectile being hollow along its length and having a nose and frangible on target impact
  • said projectile having a charge of flowable material for dispersion on target impact and rupture ofsaid nose end
  • said projectile having a teardrop shape with a tapered rear end on which are disposed stabilization fins in spaced relation about the surface thereof, said fins being integral with the portion of said projectile forming said rear end thereof,
  • said padding being a blanket of soft resilient elastic foam material surrounding and encompassing the rear finned section of said projectile
  • said blanket extending circumferentially into contact with the inner surface of said case, whereby both to generally retain said propellant powder and to cushion said finned rear end of said projectile.
  • said blanket having a polygonal peripheral configuration.
  • said polygonal configuration being quadrilateral
  • said polygonal quadrilateral configuration being substantially square, and said fins being four in number, the corners of said square blanket being interfolded into and about the surface of the projectile between said fins.

Abstract

Ammunition is disclosed in which a generally teardrop shaped hollow projectile is formed of frangible plastic or other suitable material, the rear end of the projectile is finned and the forward rounded or ogive shaped end is scored or grooved for ease of rupture on impact, the projectile carries a payload of a desired flowable material such as a liquid, powder, or a gas, and preferably a liquid, for dispersion on impact at target, the projectile is carried in a cartridge case in which ignitable propellant powder is disposed adjacent the rear end of the projectile and adjacent a primer, there being a blanket of soft resilient flexible polyurethane foam surrounding and behind the rear finned area of the projectile and disposed between the fins and the propellant powder to retain the powder in place in a compact zone adjacent the finned rear of the projectile.

Description

United States Patent Abbott et a1.
[451 Mar. 21, 1972 [72] Inventors:
[73] Assignee:
David D. Abbott; Irwin R. Barr, both of Baltimore, Md,
AAI Corporation, Cockeysville, Md.
[22] Filed: June 19, 1969 [21} Appl. No.: 835,313
[52] U.S.Cl. ..102/38, 102/42 C, l02/92.7, 102/92 151 l ..'.F42b 5/02 [58] ..l02/4l,92,7,43 C,42,42C, 102/95, 93, 94, 38
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 195,040 9/1877 Owen 102/93 2,559,275 7/1951 Brown et al.... ...102/95 X 3,053,185 9/1962 Oberfell et al. 102/95 3,062,145 11/1962 Morgan et a1... 102/38 3,156,187 11/1964 Baton .102/41 3,170,405 2/1965 .lungermann et a1 ..l02/91 3,334,588 8/1967 Larsen ..102/93 X 3,444,813 5/1969 Bird ..l02/93 X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 990,154 6/1951 France ..102/93 Primary ExaminerRobert F. Stahl AltorneyReginald F. Pippin, Jr.
[57] ABSTRACT Ammunition is disclosed in which a generally teardrop shaped hollow projectile is formed of frangible plastic or other suitable material, the rear'end of the projectile is finned and the forward rounded or ogive shaped end is scored or grooved for ease of rupture on impact, the projectile carries a payload of a desired flowable material such as a liquid, powder, or a gas, and preferably a liquid, for dispersion on impact at target, the projectile is carried in a cartridge case in which ignitable propellant powder is disposed adjacent the rear end of the projectile and adjacent a primer, there being a blanket of soft resilient flexible polyurethane foam surrounding and behind the rear finned area of the projectile and disposed between the fins and the propellant powder to retain the powder in place in a compact zone adjacent the finned rear of the projectile.
20 Claims, 11 Drawing Figures PATENTEDMARZI r972 SHEET 1 BF 4 David D. Abba Irwin R. Barr INVENTOR ATTORNEY PATENTEDHARZI 1972 3.650.218
SHEET 2 [IF 4 David 0. Abbott Irwin R. Barr INVENTOR ATTORNEY FATENTEUMARZ] 1972 SHEET 3 OF 4 Fig.5
David D. Abboff Irwin R. Barr INVENTOR ATTORNEY PATENTEDMARZI r972 SHEET H 0F 4 V Fig.lO
David 0. Abboff Irwin R. Barr INVENTOR ATTORNEY FRANGIBLE FILLED-PROJECTILE AMMUNITION This invention relates to ammunition having frangible filled projectiles which are projected to a target for rupture and dispersion of their filled charge on impact with a target.
It is a feature of this invention to provide ammunition having a lightweight finned hollow projectile which carries a charge of fiowable material for dispersion on impact.
It is a further feature to provide ammunition of this character, in which the projectile has a special teardrop shape for minimizing turbulence, and has fins disposed along and about the tapered rear surface, with a resilient padding disposed about the tapered and finned rear surface to resiliently maintain desired positioning of the propellant powder in a compact zone adjacent the rear of the projectile.
Still other objects and attendant advantages will become apparent from a reading of the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment constructed according to the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing wherein:
FIG. 1 is a partial cutaway perspective view of a cartridge according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a further fragmentary view of the illustrative cartridge, the cartridge case being shown in phantom for clarity of illustration of certain parts.
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a projectile according to the invention and prior to assembly and filling.
FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the projectile of FIGS. 1 and 2 in assembled and filled form.
FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded view of the cartridge case after propellant loading, together with the projectile and powder retaining blanket or pad prior to assembly in the cartridge case.
FIGS. 6-10 are schematic views of successive assembly operations, and FIG. 11 is a further partial cutaway view of the completed cartridge.
Referring now in detail to the Figures of the drawings, cartridge 11 is adapted to be fired from a conventional smooth cylindrical bore percussion fire shotgun, and includes a case 21, a fin stabilized liquid filled projectile 31 frangible on target impact, a propellant powder charge 51, and a soft resilient blanket 41 disposed about and rearward of the rear finned area of the projectile 31.
Case 21 includes a cylindrical sheath which is preferably of a suitable plastic such as linear polyethylene, although such may be formed of any other suitable material such as a paper composition, etc. Case 21 has a conventional rimmed brass cup base with a base wad 27, of suitable plyed paper, plastic, or composition construction, and a percussion primer 29, which may be of any conventional or desired construction for igniting the propellant powder charge 51 upon percussive firing ofthe primer 29.
Projectile 31 has a generally teardrop shape with a generally rounded nose section 33, a straight tapered rear section 35 and a finned rear section having fins 39 nested within blanket 41. Projectile 31 is retained in case 21 through retaining engagement of its forward nose end by annular in-rolled or crimped retaining lip 23a formed at the end of case sheath 23.
Projectile 31 has two sections 33 and 35 formed preferably of easily moldable thermoplastic materials such as nylon and polyethylene, and which are capable of withstanding the momentary high temperature burning of propellant powder charge 51 without melting or rupturing. Sections 33 and 35 are joined together along their annular shouldered interfitting junctions 33b, 330, 331', and 35b, 35c, 351, as by suitable bonding such as cement, spin-welding, etc., the rear end of the section 35 being initially formed with a fill tip 37 having a fill bore 370 and extending rearwardly of fins 39 for filling the projectile with a desired fiowable material, preferably a liquid, after uniting of the two sections 33 and 35. The projectile is preferably incompletely filled to enable expansion on anticipated temperature rises above the ambient temperature existing during projectile sealing after filling; however, it is desirable that only the minimum requisite expansion space be left void within the projectile in order to maximize payload content. The extent of liquid filling 32 is thus dependent upon the coefficient of thermal expansion of the liquid and any normally expected temperature rise thereof in use. After filling, the projectile fill tip 37 is closed, as by melt sealing with a hot concave-ended iron, to form a hermetic closure 37b.
The projectile nose section 33 has suitable grooving formed therein, preferably radial V-grooves 33a radiating from the center of the nose section along the outer surface thereof. in order to achieve ease of multi-directional rupture of the nose section on target impact, and wide lateral dispersal and essentially aerosoling of the flowable liquid material 32 in the target impact zone. Grooves 33a also aid in holding the nose section 33 during spin-welding of the two sections 33, 35 together. With this target-impact-frangible liquid-filled projectile, it is possible to fire through a glass window, including a conventional multilayered auto safety glass window, and effect dissemination of the liquid fill in a cloud of tiny liquid droplets within the target area beyond the window which may be perforated, as by being either partially or completely broken by the projectile, dependent upon the projectile velocity and glass strength. By employing a highly volatile liquid agent as the liquid fill 32, this target impact dispersal, whether against a wall, through a window or otherwise, is materially enhanced. Particular choice of an agent or agents 32 is dependent upon the desired end result; thus, for disabling a human fugitive a liquid fill 32 of CS or CN liquid solution is effective in bringing about temporary disabling and control of persons from a substantial distance such as, for example, yards away from point of cartridge firing. A suitable CS liquid solution may be formed of about I to 30% by weight of CS, and the remainder of methylene chloride or other suitable volatile liquid solvent.
To aid in achieving desired accuracy, such as firing through a window in a distant auto or building, the projectile 31 is provided with fins 39, which are canted in the range of about 1-5 degrees, preferably about 4 degrees, and formed in an air-foil shaped longitudinal sectional configuration. The canting of fins 39 gives a rotational stabilizing motion to the projectile in flight and the air foil shape of the fins aids in this gyroscopic stabilization by the angularly directed air-foil lift forces as well as providing a low turbulence low drag surface for maximizing velocity, range, and accuracy. In addition, the included taper angle formed by the outer tapered surface of rear section 35 should desirably be the maximum permissible while still providing the desired generally laminar flow therealong and past airfoil fins 39. This has been indicated to lie in the general range of about 20 degrees. It is for this reason of desired laminar flow, as well as the desire to accommodate a maximum payload of liquid fill that the preferred projectile configuration has a substantially straight tapered surfaced rear section 35; the straight taper enabling maximum internal volume with an included taper angle near the limit for laminar flow. The nose section 33 is generally rounded for maximum payload holding capacity consistent with desired low wind resistance and maximum radial dispersal upon rupture on impact.
It is highly desirable that the fins 39 be intact upon the projectile 31 leaving case 21; however, when formed of relatively easily frangible plastic material, such as nylon, these fins 39 may readily be ruptured or cracked if there should exist substantial quantitative unevenness of distribution of powder charge 51 in the areas between the fins 39. To prevent this difficulty, blanket 41 of soft resilient elastic material, such as polyurethane foam or polyethylene foam, etc., is disposed to extend about and behind the fins 39 and tapered rear surface area 35a therebetween. Fins 39 are of a slightly smaller diameter than the internal diameter of case sheath 23, enabling the foam blanket 41 to be inserted into the cartridge case 21 by simple axial downward insertion of the projectile into the vertically upright case 21 as shown in FIGS. 6-8, after initial assembly and loading of the case with primer 29 and powder charge 51 as shown in FIG. 5. While other blanket configurations, such as circular, may be employed, the preferably square blanket configuration enables ease of accommodation of the blanket between the fins, and as will be noted from FIGS. 1, 9, and 11, the propellant powder charge is thereby gently but effectively retained essentially within a chamber bounded by the base wad 27, primer 29, case sheath 23 and soft elastic foam blanket 41. The amount of powder charge 51 extending along the thin wall zone between blanket 41 and case sheath 23 is relatively small and maintained of sufficient quadrilateral evenness relative to its quantity as to obviate breakage of the quadrilaterally disposed fins 39 upon firing of the cartridge. It will be appreciated that the elastic resiliency of the blanket 41 will enable accommodation of various quantities of powder charge, while exerting a desired gentle resilient retaining action on the charge.
After completion of longitudinal insertion of the projectile 31 in case 21, as shown in FIG. 9, the case sheath 23 is inrolled or crimped as with a conventional end-rolling tool 71 while the case 21 is radially restrained by a guide cylinder 73, thereby completing the formation of the cartridge 11 to the final configuration of FIGS. 1 and 11.
While the invention has been shown and described with respect to a single illustrated and preferred embodiment, it will be apparent that various modifications and improvements may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not to be limited by the illustrative embodiment, but only by the scope of the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. Ammunition comprising:
a cartridge case,
a projectile disposed in said case and having a rear end on which are disposed stabilization fins in spaced relation about the surface thereof,
resilient padding disposed rearwardly and laterally of and circumferentially enfolding and encompassing said rear end and associated fins and extending between the radially outer ends of said fins and said case inner wall and into the void zones between said fins,
and ignitable propellant powder disposed and resiliently retained in a chamber formed rearward of said padding and generally defined at its forward end by said padding.
2. Ammunition according to claim 1,
said projectile being a hollow thin-walled frangible shell along its length and including a bulbous nose and a tapered rear end on which said fins are disposed,
said shell being frangible on target impact by said bulbous nose,
said projectile having a charge of flowable material for dispersion on target impact and rupture of said bulbous nose.
3. Ammunition according to claim 2,
said fins being integral with the portion of said projectile forming said rear end thereof.
4. Ammunition according to claim 3,
said projectile being formed of molded low density plastic material,
said charge of fiowable material being liquid.
5. Ammunition according to claim 4,
said projectile having a rounded nose which is scored for ease of rupture upon target impact,
said projectile being incompletely filled with said liquid charge to enable expansion of said liquid upon heating thereof.
6. Ammunition according to claim 5, said case having an inrolled forward end engaging said rounded nose in annular retaining relation along a line of contact therewith.
7. Ammunition according to claim 6,
said projectile nose being arcuately diametrally scored to form grooves intersecting at the forward central zone of said nose.
8. Ammunition according to claim 7,
said nose being cup-shaped and said rear section being conically shaped,
said cup-shaped nose being secured to said conically shaped rear section along a shouldered line of juncture therebetween.
9. Ammunition according to claim 8,
said nose and rear sections being formed of thermoplastic material and being spin welded together.
10. Ammunition according to claim 9,
said padding being soft resilient elastic foam material.
11. Ammunition comprising:
a cartridge case,
a projectile disposed in said case and having a finned rear section,
resilient padding disposed about said finned rear section of said projectile, and ignitable propellant powder disposed and resiliently retained in a chamber formed rearward of said padding and generally defined at its forward end by said padding,
said projectile being hollow and having a nose end frangible on target impact, said projectile having a charge of flowable material for dispersion on target impact and rupture of said nose end,
said projectile having a teardrop shape with a tapered rear end on which are disposed stabilization fins in spaced relation about the surface thereof, said fins being integral with the portion of said projectile forming said rear end thereof,
said projectile being formed of molded low-density plastic material,
said charge of flowable material being liquid,
said projectile having a rounded nose which is scored for ease of rupture upon target impact,
said projectile being incompletely filled with said liquid charge to enable expansion of said liquid upon heating thereof,
said case having an in-rolled forward end engaging said rounded nose in annular retaining relation along a line of contact therewith,
said projectile nose being arcuately diametrally scored to form grooves intersecting at the forward central zone of said nose,
said nose being cup-shaped and said rear section being conically shaped,
said cup-shaped rear section being secured to said conically shaped rear section along a shouldered line of juncture therebetween,
said nose and rear sections being formed of thermoplastic material and being spin welded together,
said padding being a blanket of soft resilient elastic foam material surrounding and encompassing the rear finned section ofsaid projectile,
said blanket extending circumferentially into contact with the inner surface of said case, whereby both to generally retain said propellant powder and to cushion said finned rear end of said projectile.
l2. Ammunition according to claim 1,
said padding being a blanket of soft resilient elastic foam material surrounding and encompassing the rear finned section of said projectile,
said blanket extending circumferentially into contact with the inner surface of said case, whereby both to generally retain said propellant powder and to cushion said finned rear end of said projectile.
13. Ammunition according to claim 12, said case having an in-rolled forward end annular bead engaging the nose end of said projectile in annular end retaining relation within said case and between said bead and said resilient foam blanket.
14. Ammunition according to claim 1,
said case having an in-rolled forward end annular bead engaging the forward end of said projectile in retaining relation.
15. Ammunition according to claim 14,
said case having a tubular forward section formed of thermoplastic pressure deformable material,
said bead being formed at the forward end of said tubular section.
16. Ammunition according to claim 1,
said resilient padding being an effective circumferential blanket of soft resilient easily frangible material which serves as a temporary frangible cushion for said finned rear section and as a resilient powder retainer for said ignitable propellant powder,
said soft resilient elastic padding blanket being formed of material which will effectively disintegrate upon firing of said ignitable propellant powder.
17. Ammunition comprising:
a cartridge case,
a projectile disposed in said case and having a finned rear section,
resilient padding disposed rearwardly of and laterally circumscribing said finned rear section of said projectile,
*and ignitable propellant powder disposed and resiliently retained in a chamber formed rearward of said padding and generally defined at its forward end by said padding,
said projectile being hollow along its length and having a nose and frangible on target impact,
said projectile having a charge of flowable material for dispersion on target impact and rupture ofsaid nose end,
20. Ammunition according to claim 19,
said projectile having a teardrop shape with a tapered rear end on which are disposed stabilization fins in spaced relation about the surface thereof, said fins being integral with the portion of said projectile forming said rear end thereof,
said padding being a blanket of soft resilient elastic foam material surrounding and encompassing the rear finned section of said projectile,
said blanket extending circumferentially into contact with the inner surface of said case, whereby both to generally retain said propellant powder and to cushion said finned rear end of said projectile.
l8. Ammunition according to claim 17,
said blanket having a polygonal peripheral configuration.
19. Ammunition according to claim 18.
said polygonal configuration being quadrilateral,
said polygonal quadrilateral configuration being substantially square, and said fins being four in number, the corners of said square blanket being interfolded into and about the surface of the projectile between said fins.

Claims (20)

1. Ammunition comprising: a cartridge case, a projectile disposed in said case and having a rear end on which are disposed stabilization fins iN spaced relation about the surface thereof, resilient padding disposed rearwardly and laterally of and circumferentially enfolding and encompassing said rear end and associated fins and extending between the radially outer ends of said fins and said case inner wall and into the void zones between said fins, and ignitable propellant powder disposed and resiliently retained in a chamber formed rearward of said padding and generally defined at its forward end by said padding.
2. Ammunition according to claim 1, said projectile being a hollow thin-walled frangible shell along its length and including a bulbous nose and a tapered rear end on which said fins are disposed, said shell being frangible on target impact by said bulbous nose, said projectile having a charge of flowable material for dispersion on target impact and rupture of said bulbous nose.
3. Ammunition according to claim 2, said fins being integral with the portion of said projectile forming said rear end thereof.
4. Ammunition according to claim 3, said projectile being formed of molded low density plastic material, said charge of flowable material being liquid.
5. Ammunition according to claim 4, said projectile having a rounded nose which is scored for ease of rupture upon target impact, said projectile being incompletely filled with said liquid charge to enable expansion of said liquid upon heating thereof.
6. Ammunition according to claim 5, said case having an in-rolled forward end engaging said rounded nose in annular retaining relation along a line of contact therewith.
7. Ammunition according to claim 6, said projectile nose being arcuately diametrally scored to form grooves intersecting at the forward central zone of said nose.
8. Ammunition according to claim 7, said nose being cup-shaped and said rear section being conically shaped, said cup-shaped nose being secured to said conically shaped rear section along a shouldered line of juncture therebetween.
9. Ammunition according to claim 8, said nose and rear sections being formed of thermoplastic material and being spin welded together.
10. Ammunition according to claim 9, said padding being soft resilient elastic foam material.
11. Ammunition comprising: a cartridge case, a projectile disposed in said case and having a finned rear section, resilient padding disposed about said finned rear section of said projectile, and ignitable propellant powder disposed and resiliently retained in a chamber formed rearward of said padding and generally defined at its forward end by said padding, said projectile being hollow and having a nose end frangible on target impact, said projectile having a charge of flowable material for dispersion on target impact and rupture of said nose end, said projectile having a teardrop shape with a tapered rear end on which are disposed stabilization fins in spaced relation about the surface thereof, said fins being integral with the portion of said projectile forming said rear end thereof, said projectile being formed of molded low-density plastic material, said charge of flowable material being liquid, said projectile having a rounded nose which is scored for ease of rupture upon target impact, said projectile being incompletely filled with said liquid charge to enable expansion of said liquid upon heating thereof, said case having an in-rolled forward end engaging said rounded nose in annular retaining relation along a line of contact therewith, said projectile nose being arcuately diametrally scored to form grooves intersecting at the forward central zone of said nose, said nose being cup-shaped and said rear section being conically shaped, said cup-shaped rear section being secured to said conically shaped rear section along a shouldered line of juncture therebetween, said nose and rear sections being formed of thermoplastic material and beiNg spin welded together, said padding being a blanket of soft resilient elastic foam material surrounding and encompassing the rear finned section of said projectile, said blanket extending circumferentially into contact with the inner surface of said case, whereby both to generally retain said propellant powder and to cushion said finned rear end of said projectile.
12. Ammunition according to claim 1, said padding being a blanket of soft resilient elastic foam material surrounding and encompassing the rear finned section of said projectile, said blanket extending circumferentially into contact with the inner surface of said case, whereby both to generally retain said propellant powder and to cushion said finned rear end of said projectile.
13. Ammunition according to claim 12, said case having an in-rolled forward end annular bead engaging the nose end of said projectile in annular end retaining relation within said case and between said bead and said resilient foam blanket.
14. Ammunition according to claim 1, said case having an in-rolled forward end annular bead engaging the forward end of said projectile in retaining relation.
15. Ammunition according to claim 14, said case having a tubular forward section formed of thermoplastic pressure deformable material, said bead being formed at the forward end of said tubular section.
16. Ammunition according to claim 1, said resilient padding being an effective circumferential blanket of soft resilient easily frangible material which serves as a temporary frangible cushion for said finned rear section and as a resilient powder retainer for said ignitable propellant powder, said soft resilient elastic padding blanket being formed of material which will effectively disintegrate upon firing of said ignitable propellant powder.
17. Ammunition comprising: a cartridge case, a projectile disposed in said case and having a finned rear section, resilient padding disposed rearwardly of and laterally circumscribing said finned rear section of said projectile, and ignitable propellant powder disposed and resiliently retained in a chamber formed rearward of said padding and generally defined at its forward end by said padding, said projectile being hollow along its length and having a nose and frangible on target impact, said projectile having a charge of flowable material for dispersion on target impact and rupture of said nose end, said projectile having a teardrop shape with a tapered rear end on which are disposed stabilization fins in spaced relation about the surface thereof, said fins being integral with the portion of said projectile forming said rear end thereof, said padding being a blanket of soft resilient elastic foam material surrounding and encompassing the rear finned section of said projectile, said blanket extending circumferentially into contact with the inner surface of said case, whereby both to generally retain said propellant powder and to cushion said finned rear end of said projectile.
18. Ammunition according to claim 17, said blanket having a polygonal peripheral configuration.
19. Ammunition according to claim 18, said polygonal configuration being quadrilateral.
20. Ammunition according to claim 19, said polygonal quadrilateral configuration being substantially square, and said fins being four in number, the corners of said square blanket being interfolded into and about the surface of the projectile between said fins.
US835313A 1969-06-19 1969-06-19 Frangible filled-projectile ammunition Expired - Lifetime US3650213A (en)

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JP (1) JPS4939079B1 (en)
CA (1) CA939558A (en)
DE (1) DE7022445U (en)
FR (1) FR2046921B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1260105A (en)
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US3780657A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-12-25 Colt S Inc Frangible projectile
US3782286A (en) * 1970-11-12 1974-01-01 E Richie Non-lethal projectile and launcher therefor
US3791303A (en) * 1973-02-22 1974-02-12 Aai Corp Deterrent ammunition
US3865038A (en) * 1973-07-13 1975-02-11 Irwin R Barr Deterrent ammunition projectile
US3894492A (en) * 1973-07-12 1975-07-15 Aai Corp Deterrent ammunition
US3911824A (en) * 1973-07-13 1975-10-14 Aai Corp Deterrent ammunition projectile
US3952662A (en) * 1974-05-29 1976-04-27 Greenlees William D Non-lethal projectile for riot control
US4899660A (en) * 1988-04-11 1990-02-13 Rainier International, Inc. Training round for firearm
US4909152A (en) * 1987-08-08 1990-03-20 Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Gmbh Cartridge for the expulsion of liquids under pressure
US5035183A (en) * 1990-03-12 1991-07-30 David Luxton Frangible nonlethal projectile
US5189250A (en) * 1988-10-05 1993-02-23 Frag, Ltd. Projectile for smooth bore weapon
US5450795A (en) * 1993-08-19 1995-09-19 Adelman Associates Projectile for small firearms
US5479861A (en) * 1994-01-03 1996-01-02 Kinchin; Anthony E. Projectile with sabot
US5877437A (en) * 1992-04-29 1999-03-02 Oltrogge; Victor C. High density projectile
US5965839A (en) * 1996-11-18 1999-10-12 Jaycor Non-lethal projectile for delivering an inhibiting substance to a living target
US6283037B1 (en) 1999-12-20 2001-09-04 Procopio J. Sclafani Non-lethal shot-gun round
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US6393992B1 (en) 1996-11-18 2002-05-28 Jaycor Tactical Systems, Inc. Non-lethal projectile for delivering an inhibiting substance to a living target
US20030047105A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 2003-03-13 Jaycor Tactical Systems, Inc. Non-lethal projectile systems
US6536352B1 (en) 1996-07-11 2003-03-25 Delta Frangible Ammunition, Llc Lead-free frangible bullets and process for making same
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US6615739B2 (en) * 1999-03-10 2003-09-09 Perfect Circle Paintball, Inc. Aerodynamic projectiles and methods of making the same
US20040244629A1 (en) * 2002-09-25 2004-12-09 Bill Jopson Frangible bullet
US20050016412A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2005-01-27 Pepperball Technologies, Inc., A Delaware Corporation Stabilized non-lethal projectile systems
US20050066841A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 2005-03-31 Jaycor Tactical Systems, Inc. Non-lethal projectiles for delivering an inhibiting substance to a living target
US20050155511A1 (en) * 2003-12-29 2005-07-21 Neil Keegstra Extended range less lethal projectile
US20050183613A1 (en) * 2004-01-22 2005-08-25 Rick Huffman Non-lethal marking bullet for related training cartridges
US20050188886A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 2005-09-01 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Non-lethal projectile systems
US20050229807A1 (en) * 2004-04-19 2005-10-20 Bnb Ballistics, Inc. Liquid filled less lethal projectile
US20060011090A1 (en) * 2004-04-09 2006-01-19 Pepperball Technologies, Inc., A Delaware Corporation Primer launched projectile systems
US6988450B1 (en) * 2002-09-25 2006-01-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Anti-personnel ammunition
US20060027124A1 (en) * 2004-03-30 2006-02-09 Sclafani Procopio J Non-lethal shotgun round with foam liner
US20060027223A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2006-02-09 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Compact projectile launcher
US20080017064A1 (en) * 2006-02-15 2008-01-24 Kapeles John A Non-lethal ammunition
US20090071459A1 (en) * 2007-09-18 2009-03-19 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Systems, methods and apparatus for use in distributing irritant powder
CN101852575A (en) * 2010-02-10 2010-10-06 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院 Bullet for shooting liquid ammunition and device for shooting liquid ammunition
US20110048268A1 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-03 Crisis Management Institute Practice munitions
US8316769B2 (en) 2008-07-02 2012-11-27 Safariland, Llc Single piece non-lethal projectile
US9068807B1 (en) 2009-10-29 2015-06-30 Lockheed Martin Corporation Rocket-propelled grenade
US9140528B1 (en) 2010-11-16 2015-09-22 Lockheed Martin Corporation Covert taggant dispersing grenade
US9200876B1 (en) 2014-03-06 2015-12-01 Lockheed Martin Corporation Multiple-charge cartridge
US9423222B1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2016-08-23 Lockheed Martin Corporation Less-than-lethal cartridge
CN106062503A (en) * 2013-11-27 2016-10-26 安德烈·约翰·伯伊斯 A projectile
US10677574B2 (en) 2016-05-03 2020-06-09 Dimosthenis Panousakis Self contained internal chamber for a projectile
US11009321B2 (en) * 2018-11-15 2021-05-18 Byrna Technologies Inc. Less-lethal munitions
US11287230B1 (en) * 2021-08-04 2022-03-29 Rama Technologies, LLC Less-than-lethal kinetic impact round

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US3776137A (en) 1971-09-24 1973-12-04 Aai Corp Projectile and cartridge arrangement
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GB7935724D0 (en) 1979-10-15 2001-12-05 Secr Defence Projectile for firing from a cartridge
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Cited By (67)

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US3782286A (en) * 1970-11-12 1974-01-01 E Richie Non-lethal projectile and launcher therefor
US3780657A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-12-25 Colt S Inc Frangible projectile
US3791303A (en) * 1973-02-22 1974-02-12 Aai Corp Deterrent ammunition
US3894492A (en) * 1973-07-12 1975-07-15 Aai Corp Deterrent ammunition
US3865038A (en) * 1973-07-13 1975-02-11 Irwin R Barr Deterrent ammunition projectile
US3911824A (en) * 1973-07-13 1975-10-14 Aai Corp Deterrent ammunition projectile
US3952662A (en) * 1974-05-29 1976-04-27 Greenlees William D Non-lethal projectile for riot control
US4909152A (en) * 1987-08-08 1990-03-20 Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Gmbh Cartridge for the expulsion of liquids under pressure
US4899660A (en) * 1988-04-11 1990-02-13 Rainier International, Inc. Training round for firearm
US5189250A (en) * 1988-10-05 1993-02-23 Frag, Ltd. Projectile for smooth bore weapon
US5035183A (en) * 1990-03-12 1991-07-30 David Luxton Frangible nonlethal projectile
US5877437A (en) * 1992-04-29 1999-03-02 Oltrogge; Victor C. High density projectile
US5450795A (en) * 1993-08-19 1995-09-19 Adelman Associates Projectile for small firearms
US5479861A (en) * 1994-01-03 1996-01-02 Kinchin; Anthony E. Projectile with sabot
CN1071889C (en) * 1996-04-10 2001-09-26 因诺瓦专利有限责任公司 Apparatus for triggering avalanche or the like
US6536352B1 (en) 1996-07-11 2003-03-25 Delta Frangible Ammunition, Llc Lead-free frangible bullets and process for making same
US6393992B1 (en) 1996-11-18 2002-05-28 Jaycor Tactical Systems, Inc. Non-lethal projectile for delivering an inhibiting substance to a living target
US7194960B2 (en) 1996-11-18 2007-03-27 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Non-lethal projectiles for delivering an inhibiting substance to a living target
US20030047105A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 2003-03-13 Jaycor Tactical Systems, Inc. Non-lethal projectile systems
US6543365B1 (en) 1996-11-18 2003-04-08 Jaycor Tactical Systems, Inc. Non-lethal projectile systems
US6546874B2 (en) * 1996-11-18 2003-04-15 Jaycor Tactical Systems, Inc. Non-lethal projectile for delivering an inhibiting substance to a living target
US20090013893A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 2009-01-15 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Non-lethal projectile systems
US20050188886A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 2005-09-01 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Non-lethal projectile systems
US5965839A (en) * 1996-11-18 1999-10-12 Jaycor Non-lethal projectile for delivering an inhibiting substance to a living target
US20050066841A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 2005-03-31 Jaycor Tactical Systems, Inc. Non-lethal projectiles for delivering an inhibiting substance to a living target
US6615739B2 (en) * 1999-03-10 2003-09-09 Perfect Circle Paintball, Inc. Aerodynamic projectiles and methods of making the same
EP1177409A4 (en) * 1999-04-09 2005-04-13 Jaycor Non-lethal projectile systems
EP1177409A2 (en) * 1999-04-09 2002-02-06 Jaycor Non-lethal projectile systems
US6283037B1 (en) 1999-12-20 2001-09-04 Procopio J. Sclafani Non-lethal shot-gun round
WO2003029747A1 (en) * 2002-08-06 2003-04-10 Kresimir Lovro Marcelic Increased-range mortar projectile
US6988450B1 (en) * 2002-09-25 2006-01-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Anti-personnel ammunition
US20040244629A1 (en) * 2002-09-25 2004-12-09 Bill Jopson Frangible bullet
WO2005008165A2 (en) * 2003-02-10 2005-01-27 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Stabilized non-lethal projectile systems
US20050016412A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2005-01-27 Pepperball Technologies, Inc., A Delaware Corporation Stabilized non-lethal projectile systems
US20090266262A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2009-10-29 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Stabilized non-lethal projectile systems
US7526998B2 (en) * 2003-02-10 2009-05-05 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Stabilized non-lethal projectile systems
WO2005008165A3 (en) * 2003-02-10 2007-01-25 Pepperball Technologies Inc Stabilized non-lethal projectile systems
US20050155511A1 (en) * 2003-12-29 2005-07-21 Neil Keegstra Extended range less lethal projectile
US7350465B2 (en) * 2003-12-29 2008-04-01 Neil Keegstra Extended range less lethal projectile
US20050183613A1 (en) * 2004-01-22 2005-08-25 Rick Huffman Non-lethal marking bullet for related training cartridges
US7278358B2 (en) * 2004-01-22 2007-10-09 Pdt Tech, Llc. Non-lethal marking bullet for related training cartridges
US8539885B2 (en) * 2004-01-22 2013-09-24 Federal Cartridge Company Non-lethal marking bullet for related training cartridges
US20120192755A1 (en) * 2004-01-22 2012-08-02 Federal Cartridge Company Non-lethal marking bullet for related training cartridges
US20060027124A1 (en) * 2004-03-30 2006-02-09 Sclafani Procopio J Non-lethal shotgun round with foam liner
WO2006057658A2 (en) * 2004-04-09 2006-06-01 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Primer launched projectile systems
WO2006057658A3 (en) * 2004-04-09 2007-11-22 Pepperball Technologies Inc Primer launched projectile systems
US20060011090A1 (en) * 2004-04-09 2006-01-19 Pepperball Technologies, Inc., A Delaware Corporation Primer launched projectile systems
US20050229807A1 (en) * 2004-04-19 2005-10-20 Bnb Ballistics, Inc. Liquid filled less lethal projectile
US7143699B2 (en) * 2004-04-19 2006-12-05 Bnb Ballistics, Inc. Liquid filled less lethal projectile
US20060027223A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2006-02-09 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Compact projectile launcher
US20080017064A1 (en) * 2006-02-15 2008-01-24 Kapeles John A Non-lethal ammunition
US7503260B2 (en) * 2006-02-15 2009-03-17 Defense Technology Corporation Of America Non-lethal ammunition
US7752974B2 (en) 2007-09-18 2010-07-13 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Systems, methods and apparatus for use in distributing irritant powder
US20090071459A1 (en) * 2007-09-18 2009-03-19 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Systems, methods and apparatus for use in distributing irritant powder
US8316769B2 (en) 2008-07-02 2012-11-27 Safariland, Llc Single piece non-lethal projectile
US20110048268A1 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-03 Crisis Management Institute Practice munitions
US9068807B1 (en) 2009-10-29 2015-06-30 Lockheed Martin Corporation Rocket-propelled grenade
CN101852575B (en) * 2010-02-10 2013-12-04 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院 Bullet for shooting liquid ammunition and device for shooting liquid ammunition
CN101852575A (en) * 2010-02-10 2010-10-06 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院 Bullet for shooting liquid ammunition and device for shooting liquid ammunition
US9140528B1 (en) 2010-11-16 2015-09-22 Lockheed Martin Corporation Covert taggant dispersing grenade
US9423222B1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2016-08-23 Lockheed Martin Corporation Less-than-lethal cartridge
CN106062503A (en) * 2013-11-27 2016-10-26 安德烈·约翰·伯伊斯 A projectile
EP3074716A4 (en) * 2013-11-27 2017-08-02 Buys, Andre, Johann A projectile
US9200876B1 (en) 2014-03-06 2015-12-01 Lockheed Martin Corporation Multiple-charge cartridge
US10677574B2 (en) 2016-05-03 2020-06-09 Dimosthenis Panousakis Self contained internal chamber for a projectile
US11009321B2 (en) * 2018-11-15 2021-05-18 Byrna Technologies Inc. Less-lethal munitions
US11287230B1 (en) * 2021-08-04 2022-03-29 Rama Technologies, LLC Less-than-lethal kinetic impact round

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE7022445U (en) 1971-01-14
SE354113B (en) 1973-02-26
FR2046921A1 (en) 1971-03-12
FR2046921B1 (en) 1973-01-12
NO132005C (en) 1975-09-03
DE2029470B2 (en) 1975-08-07
GB1260105A (en) 1972-01-12
IL34707A0 (en) 1970-12-24
IL34707A (en) 1973-07-30
NO132005B (en) 1975-05-26
JPS4939079B1 (en) 1974-10-23
ZA703953B (en) 1971-01-27
DE2029470A1 (en) 1970-12-23
CA939558A (en) 1974-01-08

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