US3638288A - Gripper - Google Patents
Gripper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3638288A US3638288A US107124A US3638288DA US3638288A US 3638288 A US3638288 A US 3638288A US 107124 A US107124 A US 107124A US 3638288D A US3638288D A US 3638288DA US 3638288 A US3638288 A US 3638288A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- subcombination
- gripping
- pipe
- housing
- yoke
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/22—Handling reeled pipe or rod units, e.g. flexible drilling pipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G37/00—Combinations of mechanical conveyors of the same kind, or of different kinds, of interest apart from their application in particular machines or use in particular manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2812/00—Indexing codes relating to the kind or type of conveyors
- B65G2812/01—Conveyors composed of several types of conveyors
- B65G2812/016—Conveyors composed of several types of conveyors for conveying material by co-operating units in tandem
- B65G2812/018—Conveyors composed of several types of conveyors for conveying material by co-operating units in tandem between conveyor sections
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
- Y10T279/18—Pivoted jaw
Definitions
- the grippers have contoured gripping faces wh
- the grippers are mounted on pivot pins at Field of Search 263 263 6 positions to either side of the center line of the piston supply- 226/ 72, 173 ing the gripping force to increase the resultant gripping force exerted by the grippers.
- Cullen U.S. Pat. No. 2,892,535 issued June 30, I959 illustrates a retractor using hydraulically operated grippers to handle pipe.
- This invention is an improvement on the type of retractor and grippers shown in the Cullen patent, in that the gripping force is increased without increasing the applied force, in that a single set of grippers can be used for pipe of different sizes, and in that the volume of hydraulic fluid for operating the grippers is held to a minimum with multiple size pipe.
- Another object is to provide a machine having grippers which will operate on several different sizes of pipe or other objects.
- Another object is to provide a machine having grippers which operate on objects of different size and wherein the amount of hydraulic fluid is held to a minimum.
- Another object is to provide a machine with grippers for gripping different size objects in which the operating members for the grippers are prevented from fully retracting when handling small size members to conserve the volume of fluid necessary for operating a gripper.
- Another object is to reduce the stroke required for a gripping apparatus for simultaneously moving the gripper jaws away from the object to be gripped while rotating the jaws to fully open position.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view in side elevation of a retractor constructed in accordance with this invention
- FIG. 2 is a fragmentary front view of the retractor showing a portion of the endless chain of grippers
- FIG. 3 is a top plan view partly in elevation and partly in cross section illustrating one of the grippers
- FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 in elevation illustrating the gripper stop in extended position while running small size 1pc;
- p FIG. 5 is a view in elevation of the rear of one of the grippers;
- FIGS. 6 and 7 are plan views in elevation of fragments of the grippers comparing the action of the gripper when running different size pipe;
- FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the angular relationship of the gripper shoes with a pipe
- FIG. 9 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the different curvature of the gripping face of the grippers for handling different size pipe
- FIG. 10 is a force diagram illustrating the manner in which the gripping force is increased over that obtained by the structure shown in Cullen U.S. Pat. No. 2,892,535.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show the retractor indicated generally at 10 to include an endless chain of grippers indicated generally at 11 trained over sprockets, one of which is shown at 12.
- the grippers are hydraulically controlled to raise or lower the drill pipe 13, all in the manner more fully explained in the Cullen U.S. Patent No. 2,892,535.
- each of the grippers indicated generally at 14 includes a double bank of gripper shoes 15a, b, c, and d.
- the upper gripper shoes and lower gripper shoes 15a, 15, 15b and 15d operate as a unit.
- the gripper includes a housing 16 which carries trunnions 17, 18, 19, and 20 (FIG. 5 These trunnions form a part of the endless chain l1.
- the housing 16 has an opening 21 in its front side for receiving the pipe 13 to be moved up or down by the retractor.
- Opposed members for supporting gripper shoes are reciprocally mounted in a housing.
- opposed cylinders are provided in said housing on opposite sides of the opening 21. Only one of these cylinders and its associated pistons and other apparatus is shown in FIG. 3, as the gripper shoe on the other side is manipulated by housing 44 and a linear 22 in housing 16.
- a piston 23 reciprocates in the cylinder and controls the gripping or releasing of the pipe 13.
- the cylinder is provided with a pair of seals 24 and 25, which may be of V type packing facing in opposite directions.
- the piston is reciprocated by flow of fluid to and from the cylinder through the conduits 26 and 27 in the conventional manner.
- a yoke 28 is carried by each piston and is reciprocal in the opening 21.
- a pair of pivot pins 29 and 30 are carried by the yoke with their rotational axes in a plane normal to the axis of the associated piston.
- the pivots are on opposite sides of such axis as shown in FIG. 3;
- a gripper shoe is provided on each pivot pin for engaging the pipe 31 in the opening. These shoes are shown at 32 and 33 associated with the pins 29 and 30. Like shoes are provided on the other side of the pipe at 34 and 35, carried on pivot pins 36 and 37, respectively.
- each gripper shoe has a surface 38 which initially engages the pipe as the gripper shoes are urged towards the pipe to rotate them about their associated pivots and bring the gripping face 39 of each shoe into contact with the pipe in opening 21.
- the gripper shoes are contoured, as will be explained more fully hereinafter for engaging different size pipe. As the shoes will thus be in different positions in the opening 21 when they engage different size pipe, the gripper is preferably provided with means to limit the stroke with small size pipe to reduce the volume of fluid necessary to reciprocate the piston.
- the gripper is preferably provided with a stop to selectively limit retraction of the yoke 28 when the retractor is used ito handle small diameter pipe.
- the stop 41 is extended to a position in which it limits retraction of the yoke 28, and thus reduces the amount of fluid necessary to operate the gripper.
- the stop 41 may be extended and held in position in any desired mechanical or fluid manner.
- fluid is employed as a fluid control stop will permit simultaneous extension or retraction of the stop on a large number of grippers substantially instantaneously.
- the stop 41 is extended by an annular piston 42 in the annular groove 43 provided by the housing 44 and its associated sleeve 45.
- a split ring 46 fits in a groove in the piston 42 and the stop 41 is secured to the split ring 46 by suitable studs 47.
- Fluid from a source not shown is introduced into or vented from the cylinder 43 through line 48.
- the fluid from line 48 passes through conduits 49, 50, and 51 to each of the four stop control cylinders for each gripper shoe to thus simultaneously pressurize or permit the exhaustion of pressure from each of these cylinders.
- the line 48 is pressurized to extend the stops.
- the line 48 is vented and the pressure fluid acting to retracted the main piston 23 will retract the stop to the position shown in the FIG. 3.
- the stop 41 ' may be reciprocated between FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 positions to handle different size pipe.
- FIG. 6 and 7 The relationship of the stop and grippers is further illustrated in FIG. 6 and 7 and shows the stop extended in FIG. 6 and retracted in FIG. 7.
- the figures also illustrate along with FIG. 8 the relationship of the gripping shoes to the large and small diameter pipe.
- the gripper shoes each has a surface 55 on their back side which is spaced from the pivot and engages the stop on retraction of the shoes. This engagement occurs after a short movement of the shoes and forces the shoes to rotate to full open position simultaneously with retraction of the shoes to open position.
- the forces efi'ective to grip the pipe are illustrated in FIG. 10.
- the piston force resolves itself into a force acting in the direction of the piston, as illustrated by line 56, and forces tending to spread the pivots apart as illustrated by reaction force or the force line 52.
- the resultant force 53 is pipe resisting force of the force applied by the grippers to the pipe. This force is greater than a comparable force which would result from the application of the same piston force to the grippers shown in Cullen US. Pat. NO. 2,892,535.
- the angle between the pin force, as represented by line 56, and the resultant, as represented by line 53 is approximately 45".
- the gripping surfaces of each gripper shoe can engage a maximum area of pipe to minimize any tendency to crush the pipe.
- the line 54 extends approximately through the center of or bisects the gripping face of the gripper shoe. This will provide for the application of equal forces throughout substantially the entire gripping face of the gripper shoe.
- FIG. 9 wherein the manner in which the gripper shoe 33 has its gripping face contoured to fit different size pipe is illustrated.
- the running of flexible pipe with the retractor there will be one or two relatively close sizes of drill pipe.
- a relatively larger size drill collar and drilling motor will be carried on the lower end of the drill pipe.
- the grippers be able to accornmodate at least two and preferably three different sizes of pipe.
- the center section of the gripping face of the grippers is contoured on the radius R1, as shown in FIG. 9. This radius would provide for gripping the smaller size pipe.
- the radius R2 would provide for gripping the slightly larger size pipe.
- the contour of the gripper face represented by the lines R1 and R2 will be in engagement with the flexible pipe, as the difference in the curvature of R1 and R2 is very slight and the flexible pipe will accommodate itself to this difference.
- the radius R3 is the radius of the much larger motor housing and drill collars. These are usually nonflexible surfaces, but as they are run on the lower end of the string, relatively little gripping force is needed and they can be supported by engagement with the surfaces represented by R3 on the gripping face.
- the gripping force on a pipe to be handled by a retractor has been increased by applying force at an angle instead of direct.
- the reciprocal member supporting the gripper shoes may be reciprocated mechanically or by fluid, the fluid system is presently preferred.
- a fluid saving system has been provided when utilizing pipe of different sizes which by positioning a stop reduces the volume of fluid which must be circulated.
- the piston stroke to open the jaws is reduced due to the stop 41 engaging the gripping jaws and rotating them about their pivots as they are retracted. This opens the jaws with a minimum piston stroke.
- the system is provided with grippers which are capable of handling a plurality of different sizes of pipe, thus permitting a single retractor to run drill pipe of different size as well as drill motor and the collars which will normally be of substantially larger size than the drill pipe.
- each yoke a pair of pivot pins carried by each yoke with their rotational axes in a plane normal to the axis of the associated reciprocating member axis and on opposite sides of the associated reciprocating member axes,
- each pivot pin for engaging a member in the opening.
- the member to be gripped is a cylindrical member and the gripping face of each shoe is contoured on at least two radii, with the shorter radius at the center of the shoe, to provide for gripping of cylindrical members of different sizes by the same shoes.
Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10712471A | 1971-01-18 | 1971-01-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3638288A true US3638288A (en) | 1972-02-01 |
Family
ID=22314983
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US107124A Expired - Lifetime US3638288A (en) | 1971-01-18 | 1971-01-18 | Gripper |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3638288A (en) |
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0524648A2 (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1993-01-27 | Hydra-Rig, Inc. | Coiled tubing injector |
LT3962B (en) | 1993-12-21 | 1996-05-27 | Albright & Wilson | Funcional fluids |
WO1997040255A2 (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-10-30 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Tubing injection systems for land and under water use |
US5850874A (en) * | 1995-03-10 | 1998-12-22 | Burge; Philip | Drilling system with electrically controlled tubing injection system |
US6116345A (en) * | 1995-03-10 | 2000-09-12 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Tubing injection systems for oilfield operations |
WO2004040182A1 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2004-05-13 | The Engineering Business Limited | Longitudinal load varying device for elongate members |
US20050286979A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2005-12-29 | The Engineering Business Limited | Mounting of offshore structures |
US20060078385A1 (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2006-04-13 | The Engineering Business Limited | Apparatus for creating a local reduction in wave height |
US20080145149A1 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2008-06-19 | The Engineering Business Limited | Launch and Recovery Apparatus and Method |
US20080301888A1 (en) * | 2004-08-03 | 2008-12-11 | The Engineering Business Limited | Access Method Between Marine Structures and Apparatus |
US20090028647A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2009-01-29 | Ihc Engineering Business Limited | Installation Of Offshore Structures |
US8127388B2 (en) | 2005-08-01 | 2012-03-06 | Ihc Engineering Business Limited | Gangway apparatus |
USRE43410E1 (en) | 1997-05-02 | 2012-05-29 | Varco I/P, Inc. | Universal carrier for grippers in a coiled tubing injector |
US8544536B2 (en) | 2010-09-24 | 2013-10-01 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Coiled tubing injector with limited slip chains |
US8701754B2 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2014-04-22 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Coiled tubing injector with strain relief |
US20160069478A1 (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2016-03-10 | Mackinnon Marine Limited | Improved tensioner pad assembly |
US9399895B2 (en) | 2011-09-02 | 2016-07-26 | National Oilwell Varco L.P. | Coiled tubing injector head with chain guides |
EP3312486A1 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-25 | Technip France | Adjustable tensioner pad for a track-type tensioner and associated tensioner |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1288866A (en) * | 1918-10-21 | 1918-12-24 | Patrick H Friel | Welding apparatus. |
US2892535A (en) * | 1955-11-03 | 1959-06-30 | Cullen | Apparatus for handling hose or similar elongate members |
US3216639A (en) * | 1962-04-19 | 1965-11-09 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Gripping clamps for pull-off endless chains |
-
1971
- 1971-01-18 US US107124A patent/US3638288A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1288866A (en) * | 1918-10-21 | 1918-12-24 | Patrick H Friel | Welding apparatus. |
US2892535A (en) * | 1955-11-03 | 1959-06-30 | Cullen | Apparatus for handling hose or similar elongate members |
US3216639A (en) * | 1962-04-19 | 1965-11-09 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Gripping clamps for pull-off endless chains |
Cited By (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0524648A3 (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1993-05-19 | Hydra-Rig, Inc. | Coiled tubing injector |
US5309990A (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1994-05-10 | Hydra-Rig, Incorporated | Coiled tubing injector |
EP0524648A2 (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1993-01-27 | Hydra-Rig, Inc. | Coiled tubing injector |
LT3962B (en) | 1993-12-21 | 1996-05-27 | Albright & Wilson | Funcional fluids |
US5850874A (en) * | 1995-03-10 | 1998-12-22 | Burge; Philip | Drilling system with electrically controlled tubing injection system |
US6116345A (en) * | 1995-03-10 | 2000-09-12 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Tubing injection systems for oilfield operations |
WO1997040255A2 (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-10-30 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Tubing injection systems for land and under water use |
WO1997040255A3 (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-12-11 | Baker Hughes Inc | Tubing injection systems for land and under water use |
USRE46119E1 (en) | 1997-05-02 | 2016-08-23 | Varco I/P, Inc. | Universal carrier for grippers in a coiled tubing injector |
USRE43410E1 (en) | 1997-05-02 | 2012-05-29 | Varco I/P, Inc. | Universal carrier for grippers in a coiled tubing injector |
US7877933B2 (en) | 2002-10-23 | 2011-02-01 | Ihc Engineering Business Limited | Mounting of offshore structures |
US20050286979A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2005-12-29 | The Engineering Business Limited | Mounting of offshore structures |
WO2004040182A1 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2004-05-13 | The Engineering Business Limited | Longitudinal load varying device for elongate members |
US7178708B2 (en) | 2002-11-01 | 2007-02-20 | The Engineering Business Limited | Longitudinal load varying device for elongate members |
US20060153644A1 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2006-07-13 | The Engineering Business Limited | Longitudinal load varying device for elongate members |
US20060078385A1 (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2006-04-13 | The Engineering Business Limited | Apparatus for creating a local reduction in wave height |
US20080301888A1 (en) * | 2004-08-03 | 2008-12-11 | The Engineering Business Limited | Access Method Between Marine Structures and Apparatus |
US7984525B2 (en) | 2004-08-03 | 2011-07-26 | Ihc Engineering Business Limited | Access method between marine structures and apparatus |
US20080145149A1 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2008-06-19 | The Engineering Business Limited | Launch and Recovery Apparatus and Method |
US8127388B2 (en) | 2005-08-01 | 2012-03-06 | Ihc Engineering Business Limited | Gangway apparatus |
US20090028647A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2009-01-29 | Ihc Engineering Business Limited | Installation Of Offshore Structures |
US8016519B2 (en) | 2006-02-06 | 2011-09-13 | Ihc Engineering Business Limited | Installation of offshore structures |
US8544536B2 (en) | 2010-09-24 | 2013-10-01 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Coiled tubing injector with limited slip chains |
US9151122B2 (en) | 2010-09-24 | 2015-10-06 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Coiled tubing injector with limited slip chains |
US9458682B2 (en) | 2010-09-24 | 2016-10-04 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Coiled tubing injector with limited slip chains |
US9399895B2 (en) | 2011-09-02 | 2016-07-26 | National Oilwell Varco L.P. | Coiled tubing injector head with chain guides |
US8701754B2 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2014-04-22 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Coiled tubing injector with strain relief |
US20160069478A1 (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2016-03-10 | Mackinnon Marine Limited | Improved tensioner pad assembly |
EP3312486A1 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-25 | Technip France | Adjustable tensioner pad for a track-type tensioner and associated tensioner |
WO2018073453A1 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-26 | Technip France | Adjustable tensioner pad for a track-type tensioner and associated tensioner |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CONTINENTAL EMSCO COMPANY, 1810 COMMERCE STREET, D Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:YOUNGSTOWN SHEET AND TUBE COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:003909/0273 Effective date: 19810409 Owner name: CONTINENTAL EMSCO COMPANY, 1810 COMMERCE STREET, D Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:YOUNGSTOWN SHEET AND TUBE COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:003909/0273 Effective date: 19810409 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL, INCORPORATED Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL CORPORATION, A CORP. OF PA.;YOUNGTOWN SHEET & TUBE COMPANY, A CORP. OF OH. (MERGED INTO);NEW J&L STEEL CORPRATION, A CORP. OF DE., (CHANGED TO);REEL/FRAME:004510/0801 Effective date: 19851018 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: LTV STEEL COMPANY, INC., Free format text: MERGER AND CHANGE OF NAME EFFECTIVE DECEMBER 19, 1984, (NEW JERSEY);ASSIGNORS:JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL, INCORPORATED, A DE. CORP. (INTO);REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION, A NJ CORP. (CHANGEDTO);REEL/FRAME:004736/0443 Effective date: 19850612 |