US3605046A - Deflection-free waveguide arrangement - Google Patents
Deflection-free waveguide arrangement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3605046A US3605046A US806663A US3605046DA US3605046A US 3605046 A US3605046 A US 3605046A US 806663 A US806663 A US 806663A US 3605046D A US3605046D A US 3605046DA US 3605046 A US3605046 A US 3605046A
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- Prior art keywords
- waveguide
- jacket
- section
- tension
- rigid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/12—Hollow waveguides
- H01P3/127—Hollow waveguides with a circular, elliptic, or parabolic cross-section
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49016—Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making
Definitions
- Waveguide transmission lines are now deemed feasible for use as extremely broad frequency band transmission media for long-distance communications systems. (See, for example, S. E. Miller, Waveguide as a Communication Medium, 33 BST] 1209, Nov. 1954).
- a transmission line must be protected from deflections in short sections caused, for example, by falling rocks in back-filling the trench in which the waveguide is placed. Otherwise unwanted mode conversions will take place at such deflections, resulting in a loss to the system.
- the waveguide is formed as a series of sections, each section being disposed within a larger rigid jacket and bound, under tension, at both ends of the jacket.
- the space between the waveguide wall and the jacket is filled with a flexible material such as rubber or plastic foam.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a cross section of a waveguide transmission line in accordance with the invention
- FIG. 2 illustrates the effect of short period deflections on a section of the waveguide transmission line of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 illustrates a section of helical waveguide in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a cross section of a waveguide transmission line in accordance with the invention comprising a plurality of coupled sections 9 of waveguide structure.
- Each section comprises a section of waveguide 10, such as circular electric mode helical waveguide, mechanically coupled to a rigid outer jacket 11, such as a steel tube by solid supports 12 capable of maintaining waveguide 10 under a tension of a few thousand pounds.
- supports 12 can comprise annular metal rings securely welded to jacket 11 and having an inside diameter approximately equal to the waveguide and a length of a few inches.
- the waveguide can then be brazed or welded to the inner surface of the rings while under tension.
- both the rings and the ends of the waveguide can be threaded to provide a simple means of applying tension and epoxy resin, for example, can be used to lock the threads in position.
- FIG. 2 illustrates, in a somewhat exaggerated manner, the effect of a deflection on a section of waveguide structure. While the rigid jacket bends, the flexible foam transmits only a negligible portion of the distorting force, and the tension on the waveguide keeps it substantially straight.
- a flexible material such as foam rubber which provides sufficient resistance to reduce sag in the waveguide from gravity but is sufficiently flexible that the tension on the waveguide will keep it straight despite localized deflections of the rigid jacket.
- FIG. 2 illustrates, in a somewhat exaggerated manner, the effect of a deflection on a section of waveguide structure. While the rigid jacket bends, the flexible foam transmits only a negligible portion of the distorting force, and the tension on the waveguide keeps it substantially straight.
- FIG. 3 shows a section of a typical millimeter, circular electric mode transmission system employing the techni ues of the present invention.
- the section includes a length of elical waveguide 30, of the type described by S. E. Miller in U.S. Pat. No. 2,848,696, comprising an inner helix 3], surround by a lossy dielectric material 32, and an outer protective metallic cylinder 33 having a wall thickness of about one-tenth of an inch.
- the rigid jacket 11 is 3/ l6inches steel pipe having an inside diameter of about 3 inches.
- the structure can be conveniently fabricated in sections of 15 to 30 feet in length.
- the tension between the waveguide and the rigid jacket depends upon the strength of the waveguide. For a typical helical waveguide structure of the type described above, the tension is on the order of a few thousand pounds, typically about 5,000 pounds.
- a waveguide transmission line comprising a plurality of coupled sections of waveguide structure, each section comprising:
- a waveguide structure comprising:
Abstract
A waveguide transmission line comprising a series of sections, each section comprising a section of waveguide disposed within a section of a larger diameter rigid jacket and bound, under tension, at both ends of the jacket. This structure is used to substantially eliminate deflections in short sections of the waveguide. Advantageously, the space between the waveguide and the jacket is filled with a flexible material such as rubber or plastic foam to prevent sag due to gravitational force.
Description
United States Patent [72] inventor Stewart E. Miller Middletown Township, Monmouth County, NJ. [21] Appl. No. 806,663 [22] Filed Mar. 12, 1969 [45] Patented Sept. 14, 1971 [73] Assignee Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc.
Murray Hill, NJ.
[54] DEFLECI'ION-FREE WAVEGUIDE ARRANGEMENT 3 Claims, 3 Drawing Figs.
[52] [1.8. CI 333/95, 333/98, 138/155, 29/600 [51] lnt.Cl. l-l0lp l/04, HOlp 3/12, HOlp 11/00 [50] Field olSearch 333/95, 98; 29/600, 601; 138/114, 142, 155
[56] Referencs Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,007,122 10/1961 Geyling 333/95 3,149,295 9/1964 Grebe 333/98 3,359,351 12/1967 Bender 138/155 X 3,390,901 7/1968 Bibb 333/98 X 3,479,621 1 H1969 Martin 333/95 2,848,696 8/1958 Miller 333/95 2,950,454 8/1960 Unger 333/95 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,180,657 6/1959 France 333/98 OTHER REFERENCES Virgile; L. G., Deflection of Waveguide Subjected to Intemal Pressure," M'IT- 5, 10/1957, pp. 247- 250.
Primary Examiner-Herman Karl Saalbach Assistant Examiner-Wm. 1-1. Punter Attorneys-R. J. Guenther and Arthur J. Torsiglieri IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIll!!! IIIIIIIIIIIII'I III \W7777777777ZZZZ44444 INVENIOR S. E. MILLER ATTORNEY DEFLECTION-FREE WAVEGUIDE ARRANGEMENT This invention relates to a waveguide transmission line which is substantially free of deflections from straightness along short sections.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Waveguide transmission lines are now deemed feasible for use as extremely broad frequency band transmission media for long-distance communications systems. (See, for example, S. E. Miller, Waveguide as a Communication Medium, 33 BST] 1209, Nov. 1954). Among numerous other requirements for satisfactory service, such a transmission line must be protected from deflections in short sections caused, for example, by falling rocks in back-filling the trench in which the waveguide is placed. Otherwise unwanted mode conversions will take place at such deflections, resulting in a loss to the system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the invention, the waveguide is formed as a series of sections, each section being disposed within a larger rigid jacket and bound, under tension, at both ends of the jacket. Advantageously, the space between the waveguide wall and the jacket is filled with a flexible material such as rubber or plastic foam. Thus, along most of its length, the section of waveguide is mechanically isolated from the rigid jacket, and typical deformations of the jacket are not transmitted to the waveguide.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the arrangements illustrated in the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates a cross section of a waveguide transmission line in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates the effect of short period deflections on a section of the waveguide transmission line of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 illustrates a section of helical waveguide in accordance with the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION FIG. 1 illustrates a cross section of a waveguide transmission line in accordance with the invention comprising a plurality of coupled sections 9 of waveguide structure. Each section comprises a section of waveguide 10, such as circular electric mode helical waveguide, mechanically coupled to a rigid outer jacket 11, such as a steel tube by solid supports 12 capable of maintaining waveguide 10 under a tension of a few thousand pounds. For example, supports 12 can comprise annular metal rings securely welded to jacket 11 and having an inside diameter approximately equal to the waveguide and a length of a few inches. The waveguide can then be brazed or welded to the inner surface of the rings while under tension. Alternatively, both the rings and the ends of the waveguide can be threaded to provide a simple means of applying tension and epoxy resin, for example, can be used to lock the threads in position.
The space between waveguide 10 and rigid jacket 11 is advantageously filled with a flexible material such as foam rubber which provides sufficient resistance to reduce sag in the waveguide from gravity but is sufficiently flexible that the tension on the waveguide will keep it straight despite localized deflections of the rigid jacket. FIG. 2 illustrates, in a somewhat exaggerated manner, the effect of a deflection on a section of waveguide structure. While the rigid jacket bends, the flexible foam transmits only a negligible portion of the distorting force, and the tension on the waveguide keeps it substantially straight.
FIG. 3 shows a section of a typical millimeter, circular electric mode transmission system employing the techni ues of the present invention. The section includes a length of elical waveguide 30, of the type described by S. E. Miller in U.S. Pat. No. 2,848,696, comprising an inner helix 3], surround by a lossy dielectric material 32, and an outer protective metallic cylinder 33 having a wall thickness of about one-tenth of an inch. The rigid jacket 11 is 3/ l6inches steel pipe having an inside diameter of about 3 inches. The structure can be conveniently fabricated in sections of 15 to 30 feet in length. The tension between the waveguide and the rigid jacket depends upon the strength of the waveguide. For a typical helical waveguide structure of the type described above, the tension is on the order of a few thousand pounds, typically about 5,000 pounds.
Numerous and varied other arrangements and modifications of the above-disclosed specific illustrative embodiment can be readily devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
What is claimed is:
l. A waveguide transmission line comprising a plurality of coupled sections of waveguide structure, each section comprising:
a section of waveguide in a state of tension;
a section of a rigid outer jacket spaced away from said waveguide; and
means at each of the ends of the rigid outer jacket for mechanically coupling said waveguide to said jacket while simultaneously maintaining said waveguide in said state of tension.
2. A structure according to claim 1 wherein the space between said waveguide and said rigid jacket is filled with a material to reduce sag in the waveguide from gravity, said material being sufficiently flexible that the tension on the waveguide will keep it substantially straight despite small deflections on the rigid jacket.
3. A waveguide structure comprising:
a section of waveguide in a state of tension;
a section of a rigid outer jacket spaced away from said waveguide; and
means at each of the ends of the rigid outer jacket for mechanically coupling said waveguide to said jacket while simultaneously maintaining said waveguide in said state of tension.
Claims (3)
1. A waveguide transmission line comprising a plurality of coupled sections of waveguide structure, each section comprising: a section of waveguide in a state of tension; a section of a rigid outer jacket spaced away from said waveguide; and means at each of the ends of the rigid outer jacket for mechanically coupling said waveguide to said jacket while simultaneously maintaining said waveguide in said state of tension.
2. A structure according to claim 1 wherein the space between said waveguide and said rigid jacket is filled with a material to reduce sag in the waveguide from gravity, said material being sufficiently flexible that the tension on the waveguide will keep it substantially straight despite small deflections on the rigid jacket.
3. A waveguide structure comprising: a section of waveguide in a state of tension; a section of a rigid outer jacket spaced away from said waveguide; and means at each of the ends of the rigid outer jacket for mechanically coupling said waveguide to said jacket while simultaneously maintaining said waveguide in said state of tension.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US80666369A | 1969-03-12 | 1969-03-12 |
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US3605046A true US3605046A (en) | 1971-09-14 |
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US806663A Expired - Lifetime US3605046A (en) | 1969-03-12 | 1969-03-12 | Deflection-free waveguide arrangement |
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Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3748606A (en) * | 1971-12-15 | 1973-07-24 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Waveguide structure utilizing compliant continuous support |
US3750058A (en) * | 1971-12-08 | 1973-07-31 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Waveguide structure utilizing compliant helical support |
US3914861A (en) * | 1974-09-16 | 1975-10-28 | Andrew Corp | Corrugated microwave horns and the like |
US4043029A (en) * | 1975-01-17 | 1977-08-23 | Societe Anonyme De Telecommunications | Waveguide and process for making the same |
US4090280A (en) * | 1976-02-05 | 1978-05-23 | Les Cables De Lyon S.A. | Manufacture of helical wave guides |
DE2826873A1 (en) * | 1977-06-24 | 1979-01-18 | Cables De Lyon Geoffroy Delore | ROUND HOLLOW LADDER |
US4176691A (en) * | 1975-01-22 | 1979-12-04 | British Gas Corporation | Apparatus for arresting propagating fractures in pipelines |
US4486725A (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1984-12-04 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Protective sheath for a waveguide suspended above ground |
US4725395A (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1988-02-16 | Motorola, Inc. | Antenna and method of manufacturing an antenna |
US5129396A (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1992-07-14 | Arye Rosen | Microwave aided balloon angioplasty with lumen measurement |
US20090211810A1 (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2009-08-27 | Huspeni Paul J | Sealant gel for a telecommunication enclosure |
EP2849276A1 (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-03-18 | ThinKom Solutions, Inc. | Ruggedized low-reflection/high transmission integrated spindle for parallel-plate transmission-line structures |
WO2023283167A1 (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2023-01-12 | Quaise, Inc. | Multi-piece corrugated waveguide |
US11959382B2 (en) | 2023-01-25 | 2024-04-16 | Quaise Energy, Inc. | Multi-piece corrugated waveguide |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2848696A (en) * | 1954-03-15 | 1958-08-19 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electromagnetic wave transmission |
FR1180657A (en) * | 1956-04-16 | 1959-06-08 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Improvements to waveguides |
US2950454A (en) * | 1958-10-30 | 1960-08-23 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Helix wave guide |
US3007122A (en) * | 1959-12-21 | 1961-10-31 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Self realigning waveguide support system |
US3149295A (en) * | 1962-05-28 | 1964-09-15 | Dow Chemical Co | Waveguide joining by criss-cross welding of extended flanges |
US3359351A (en) * | 1965-10-18 | 1967-12-19 | Richard B Bender | Method of applying insulation coating for pipe |
US3390901A (en) * | 1967-02-27 | 1968-07-02 | Gen Electric | Quick disconnect flangeless waveguide coupling |
US3479621A (en) * | 1967-05-29 | 1969-11-18 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Form stabilized wave guides |
-
1969
- 1969-03-12 US US806663A patent/US3605046A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2848696A (en) * | 1954-03-15 | 1958-08-19 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electromagnetic wave transmission |
FR1180657A (en) * | 1956-04-16 | 1959-06-08 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Improvements to waveguides |
US2950454A (en) * | 1958-10-30 | 1960-08-23 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Helix wave guide |
US3007122A (en) * | 1959-12-21 | 1961-10-31 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Self realigning waveguide support system |
US3149295A (en) * | 1962-05-28 | 1964-09-15 | Dow Chemical Co | Waveguide joining by criss-cross welding of extended flanges |
US3359351A (en) * | 1965-10-18 | 1967-12-19 | Richard B Bender | Method of applying insulation coating for pipe |
US3390901A (en) * | 1967-02-27 | 1968-07-02 | Gen Electric | Quick disconnect flangeless waveguide coupling |
US3479621A (en) * | 1967-05-29 | 1969-11-18 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Form stabilized wave guides |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
Virgile; L. G., Deflection of Waveguide Subjected to Internal Pressure, MTT 5, 10/1957, pp. 247 250. * |
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3750058A (en) * | 1971-12-08 | 1973-07-31 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Waveguide structure utilizing compliant helical support |
US3748606A (en) * | 1971-12-15 | 1973-07-24 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Waveguide structure utilizing compliant continuous support |
US3914861A (en) * | 1974-09-16 | 1975-10-28 | Andrew Corp | Corrugated microwave horns and the like |
US4043029A (en) * | 1975-01-17 | 1977-08-23 | Societe Anonyme De Telecommunications | Waveguide and process for making the same |
US4176691A (en) * | 1975-01-22 | 1979-12-04 | British Gas Corporation | Apparatus for arresting propagating fractures in pipelines |
US4090280A (en) * | 1976-02-05 | 1978-05-23 | Les Cables De Lyon S.A. | Manufacture of helical wave guides |
DE2826873A1 (en) * | 1977-06-24 | 1979-01-18 | Cables De Lyon Geoffroy Delore | ROUND HOLLOW LADDER |
US4225833A (en) * | 1977-06-24 | 1980-09-30 | Les Cables De Lyon | Helical circular wave guide having low loss around curves and over a wide frequency band |
US4486725A (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1984-12-04 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Protective sheath for a waveguide suspended above ground |
US4725395A (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1988-02-16 | Motorola, Inc. | Antenna and method of manufacturing an antenna |
US5129396A (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1992-07-14 | Arye Rosen | Microwave aided balloon angioplasty with lumen measurement |
US20090211810A1 (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2009-08-27 | Huspeni Paul J | Sealant gel for a telecommunication enclosure |
US7737361B2 (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2010-06-15 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Sealant gel for a telecommunication enclosure |
EP2849276A1 (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-03-18 | ThinKom Solutions, Inc. | Ruggedized low-reflection/high transmission integrated spindle for parallel-plate transmission-line structures |
US9225052B2 (en) | 2013-08-29 | 2015-12-29 | Thinkom Solutions, Inc. | Ruggedized low-relection/high-transmission integrated spindle for parallel-plate transmission-line structures |
WO2023283167A1 (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2023-01-12 | Quaise, Inc. | Multi-piece corrugated waveguide |
US11613931B2 (en) | 2021-07-06 | 2023-03-28 | Quaise, Inc. | Multi-piece corrugated waveguide |
US11959382B2 (en) | 2023-01-25 | 2024-04-16 | Quaise Energy, Inc. | Multi-piece corrugated waveguide |
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