US3343794A - Jet nozzle for obtaining high pulse dynamic pressure heads - Google Patents
Jet nozzle for obtaining high pulse dynamic pressure heads Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3343794A US3343794A US471135A US47113565A US3343794A US 3343794 A US3343794 A US 3343794A US 471135 A US471135 A US 471135A US 47113565 A US47113565 A US 47113565A US 3343794 A US3343794 A US 3343794A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- jet nozzle
- liquid
- piston
- internal cavity
- dynamic pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
- F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
- B05B1/08—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape of pulsating nature, e.g. delivering liquid in successive separate quantities ; Fluidic oscillators
Definitions
- the invention consists in a jet nozzle for obtaining high pulse dynamic pressure heads in installations which utilize the impact of a freely accelerated piston acting on a liquid/ and forcing the same through a nozzle having an internal cavity which is free of liquid at the instant of impact against the piston and in which the internal cavity is shaped so that the static pressure of the liquid braking the piston remains constant or approximately constant at the entry of the liquid into the internal cavity in the process of braking in order that the pressure is initially rapidly raised up to the maximum active pressure in the impact chamber and then is maintained constant.
- the present invention relates to jet nozzles for obtaining high pulse dynamic pressure heads, mostly of liquid in installations employing an impact of a freely accelerated piston upon the liquid at the entry to said jet nozzle internal cavity which is free from liquid by the instant of impact.
- One of these attempts may be exemplified, for instance, by the proposal to speed up a portion of liquid in a jet nozzle having a conical cavity using kinetic energy of fast-moving piston as a source of energy for accelerating said liquid.
- shaping the internal cavity of this problem is solved by the jet nozzle so that the static pressure of liquid braking the piston will remain constant or approximately constant at the entry to the internal cavity in the process of braking.
- the particular object of the invention is to provide an arrangement in which the internal cavity of the jet nozzle is shaped so that the pressure initially sharply increases up to the maximum active pressure and is then maintained constant.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a jet nozzle of the known type
- FIG. 2 is a similar longitudinal sectional view of a jet nozzle having an internal cavity shaped in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph of the pressure of the liquid in the impact chamber expressed as a function of piston travel in the process of braking.
- FIG. 2 The nozzle of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 2 and the graph in FIG. 3 clearly denotes the advantages of the invention as compared to the FIG. 1 arrangement.
- the graph in FIG. 3 clearly shows that the pressure in this case, curve ICI resulting from the use of the FIG. 2 arrangement, at first is sharply raised up to Plmkx and then is maintained constant as contrasted with curve SPA resulting from use of the FIG. 1 arrangement.
- the internal cavity of the jet nozzle is shaped depending on the compressibility of liquid and construction parameters of the installation.
- S is the variable of the inside sectional area of the jet nozzle cavity
- S is the value of the jet nozzle cavity entry sectional area
- y is the variable coordinate along the axis of the jet nozzle
- e is the base of the natural logarithm
- k is a coefiicient equaling 0.6+1;
- k is the second coefficient equaling 0.7+l'
- k is the construction parameter expressed by the following relation:
- M is the mass of the piston
- S is the value of the sectional area of the piston.
- the jet nozzle may be shaped in accordance with the above relation.
- p is the density of liquid
- M is the mass of the piston
- S is the value of said piston cross-sectional area.
Description
P 1967 B. v. VOITSEKHOVSKY 3,343,794
JET NOZZLE FOR OBTAINING HIGH PULSE DYNAMIC PRESSURE HEADS Filed July 12, 1965 United States Patent 3,343,794 JET NOZZLE FOR OBTAINING HIGH PULSE DYNAMIC PRESSURE HEADS Bogdan Vyacheslavovich Voitsekhovsky, Ulitsa Zolotodolinskaya 34, Novosibirsk, U.S.S.R. 5
Filed July 12, 1965, Ser. No. 471,135 1 Claim. (Cl. 239-101) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The invention consists in a jet nozzle for obtaining high pulse dynamic pressure heads in installations which utilize the impact of a freely accelerated piston acting on a liquid/ and forcing the same through a nozzle having an internal cavity which is free of liquid at the instant of impact against the piston and in which the internal cavity is shaped so that the static pressure of the liquid braking the piston remains constant or approximately constant at the entry of the liquid into the internal cavity in the process of braking in order that the pressure is initially rapidly raised up to the maximum active pressure in the impact chamber and then is maintained constant.
The present invention relates to jet nozzles for obtaining high pulse dynamic pressure heads, mostly of liquid in installations employing an impact of a freely accelerated piston upon the liquid at the entry to said jet nozzle internal cavity which is free from liquid by the instant of impact.
It is well known that when a liquid layer enters a contracting internal cavity of the jet nozzle, the forepart of said liquid acquires a considerable portion of kinetic energy at the cost of the energy of the whole mass of moving liquid.
In nature, for example, in some tiords, intensifications of tidal waves take place, fiords walls serving as a convergent contracting channel wherein the force of a tidal wave is largely intensified.
Widely known at present is the phenomenon of cavitation consisting in that at a great velocity of rotation of propellers, or blades of centrifugal pumps, bubbles form, these bubbles being broken by the pressure of liquid. At the instant the radius of the spherical surface of the bubble diminishes to zero, the dynamic head of the liquid forepart on the bubbles surface increases to such an extent that it is capable of destroying even the metal surface of a propeller.
Many attempts have been made to utilize the principle of acceleration of the forepart of liquid moving in a contracting cavity of a jet nozzle in installations of different designs for obtaining ultrahigh dynamic pressure heads.
One of these attempts may be exemplified, for instance, by the proposal to speed up a portion of liquid in a jet nozzle having a conical cavity using kinetic energy of fast-moving piston as a source of energy for accelerating said liquid.
In this case the pressure of liquid in an impact chamber behind the cavity, as a function of the piston travel when said piston is such that as the length of the braking path increases, the pressure in the impact chamber at first changes slowly and then rises abruptly.
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the aforesaid disadvantage.
It is a particular object of the present invention to provide a jet nozzle with an internal cavity of such a profile so as to ensure a multiple increase in energy transferred by a piston to liquid as compared with presently known constructions of jet nozzles.
According to the invention, shaping the internal cavity of this problem is solved by the jet nozzle so that the static pressure of liquid braking the piston will remain constant or approximately constant at the entry to the internal cavity in the process of braking.
The particular object of the invention is to provide an arrangement in which the internal cavity of the jet nozzle is shaped so that the pressure initially sharply increases up to the maximum active pressure and is then maintained constant.
The invention will be more apparent from a consideration of the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a jet nozzle of the known type,
FIG. 2 is a similar longitudinal sectional view of a jet nozzle having an internal cavity shaped in accordance with the teachings of this invention, and
FIG. 3 is a graph of the pressure of the liquid in the impact chamber expressed as a function of piston travel in the process of braking.
In the known type arrangement as expressed in FIG. 1, it is proposed to speed up a portion of liquid 1 in a jet nozzle having a conical internal cavity 2 utilizing the kinetic energy of a fast moving piston 3 as a source of energy for accelerating the liquid. In this instance the pressure of the liquid in the impact chamber 4 behind the cavity, is expressed as a function of the piston travel when the piston is being braked and is quantitatively denoted in FIG. 3 by the thick detached line SPA. In addition, the permissible pressure P in the impact chamber is limited by the thin broken horizontal line, while the maximum pressure P in the chamber is limited by the thin solid line. The energy transmitted by the piston to the liquid when the latter is being accelerated in a jet nozzle with a conical internal cavity, the prior art arrangement of FIG. 1, is proportional to the cross-hatched area depicted in the graph in FIG. 3.
When the jet nozzle has a conical internal cavity as at 2, as the length of the braking path SB increases the pressure at first changes slightly and then rises abruptly as denoted by the curve SPA. The maximum active pressure P should not exceed the permissible pressure P as otherwise the impact chamber will be destroyed. It is quite obvious that in such instance the energy imparted to the liquid is small and cannot be considerably increased as the value of P is limited. The amount of energy imparted to the portion of the liquid 1 by piston 3 during the process of braking will be increased only by changing the character of the function P=f(x).
The nozzle of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 2 and the graph in FIG. 3 clearly denotes the advantages of the invention as compared to the FIG. 1 arrangement.
In FIG. 3 the curve ICI shown by a thick solid line indicates a graph of a function P=f(x) for the proposed profile of the jet nozzle internal cavity.
Thus, the graph in FIG. 3 clearly shows that the pressure in this case, curve ICI resulting from the use of the FIG. 2 arrangement, at first is sharply raised up to Plmkx and then is maintained constant as contrasted with curve SPA resulting from use of the FIG. 1 arrangement.
In this case, energy imparted to liquid increases many times.
In each individual case the internal cavity of the jet nozzle is shaped depending on the compressibility of liquid and construction parameters of the installation.
In case of an incompressible liquid, the shape of the internal cavity is determined by the equation:
y S Ic -S -e wherein:
S is the variable of the inside sectional area of the jet nozzle cavity;
S is the value of the jet nozzle cavity entry sectional area;
y is the variable coordinate along the axis of the jet nozzle;
e is the base of the natural logarithm;
k is a coefiicient equaling 0.6+1;
k is the second coefficient equaling 0.7+l', and
k is the construction parameter expressed by the following relation:
in which p is the density of liquid;
M is the mass of the piston; and
S is the value of the sectional area of the piston.
At P of up to 3000 kg./sq.cm. such a liquid as water is practically not compressed at all, and the jet nozzle may be shaped in accordance with the above relation.
In laboratory testing of a high-pressure pulse installation with the jet nozzle internal cavit}, profile satisfying the foregoing relation, pressure of 70,000 kg./sq.cm. Was obtained in a pulse jet at the nozzle outlet.
As was proved by numerous experiments, such streams can crush rocks of any hardness. They pierce copper plates 120 mm. thick and steel plates 30 mm. thick.
According to theoretical estimates, a proper shape of the jet nozzle internal cavity with due regard for the liquid compressibility, as well as the provision of a proper vacuum in the jet nozzle internal cavity can make it possible to obtain dynamic pressure heads of the order of 500,0001,000,000 kg./sq.cm.
What is claimed is:
A jet nozzle for obtaining high pulse dynamic pressure heads in installations employing an impact of a freely accelerated piston against liquid at the entry thereof to said jet nozzle, said jet nozzle having an internal cavity which is free from liquid at the instant of and the shape of said internal cavity being expressed by the equation,
wherein:
p is the density of liquid; M is the mass of the piston; and
S is the value of said piston cross-sectional area.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 197,947 12/ 1877 Schelling 239-321 2,925,224 2/ 1960 Cunningham 239=1 2,941,726 6/ 1960 Szceepanski 239329 2,968,126 1/ 1961 Richardson 239-601 3,135,090 6/ 1964 Straight et al 239320 W. KIRBY, Primary Examiner.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US471135A US3343794A (en) | 1965-07-12 | 1965-07-12 | Jet nozzle for obtaining high pulse dynamic pressure heads |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US471135A US3343794A (en) | 1965-07-12 | 1965-07-12 | Jet nozzle for obtaining high pulse dynamic pressure heads |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3343794A true US3343794A (en) | 1967-09-26 |
Family
ID=23870393
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US471135A Expired - Lifetime US3343794A (en) | 1965-07-12 | 1965-07-12 | Jet nozzle for obtaining high pulse dynamic pressure heads |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3343794A (en) |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3468481A (en) * | 1968-05-10 | 1969-09-23 | Exotech | Hypervelocity jet producing system employing an impact cumulation process |
US3478966A (en) * | 1968-07-25 | 1969-11-18 | Exotech | Hypervelocity jet producing system employing an impact cumulation process |
US3490696A (en) * | 1968-07-12 | 1970-01-20 | Exotech | Hypervelocity pulsed jet head assembly |
US3602312A (en) * | 1968-07-15 | 1971-08-31 | Montedison Spa | Process for quenching flames and extinguishing fires and devices therefor |
US3656553A (en) * | 1969-05-16 | 1972-04-18 | Montedison Spa | Flame-extinguishing substance comprising 1,2-dibromohexafluropropane |
US3704966A (en) * | 1971-09-13 | 1972-12-05 | Us Navy | Method and apparatus for rock excavation |
US3712543A (en) * | 1971-04-19 | 1973-01-23 | Exotech | Apparatus for generating pulsed jets of liquid |
US3796371A (en) * | 1972-05-19 | 1974-03-12 | Atlas Copco Ab | Jet piercing device |
USB380014I5 (en) * | 1972-07-19 | 1975-01-28 | ||
US3997111A (en) * | 1975-07-21 | 1976-12-14 | Flow Research, Inc. | Liquid jet cutting apparatus and method |
US4079890A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1978-03-21 | Viktor Mikhailovich Lyatkher | Device for building up high pulse liquid pressures |
US4422882A (en) * | 1981-12-29 | 1983-12-27 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Pulsed liquid jet-type cleaning of highly heated surfaces |
DE3343555A1 (en) * | 1982-12-06 | 1984-06-07 | Dravo Corp., 15222 Pittsburgh, Pa. | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ACCELERATING QUANTITY OF LIQUIDS |
US4607792A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1986-08-26 | Young Iii Chapman | Oscillating pulsed jet generator |
US4762277A (en) * | 1982-12-06 | 1988-08-09 | Briggs Technology Inc. | Apparatus for accelerating slugs of liquid |
US4863101A (en) * | 1982-12-06 | 1989-09-05 | Acb Technology Corporation | Accelerating slugs of liquid |
US5423481A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-06-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Meniscus regulator system |
US20060086822A1 (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2006-04-27 | Gilles Martin | Device for injection a pulsed supersonic gas stream |
US20110088803A1 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | Ernest Samuel Geskin | System and method for forming of tubular parts |
US8904912B2 (en) | 2012-08-16 | 2014-12-09 | Omax Corporation | Control valves for waterjet systems and related devices, systems, and methods |
DE102017119610A1 (en) | 2017-08-26 | 2019-03-21 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method and device for generating a sequence of beam sections of a discontinuous, modified liquid jet |
US10369579B1 (en) | 2018-09-04 | 2019-08-06 | Zyxogen, Llc | Multi-orifice nozzle for droplet atomization |
US11554461B1 (en) | 2018-02-13 | 2023-01-17 | Omax Corporation | Articulating apparatus of a waterjet system and related technology |
US11904494B2 (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2024-02-20 | Hypertherm, Inc. | Cylinder for a liquid jet pump with multi-functional interfacing longitudinal ends |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US197947A (en) * | 1877-12-11 | Improvement in oil-cans | ||
US2925224A (en) * | 1958-11-19 | 1960-02-16 | Gulf Research Development Co | Nozzles for the production of fine parallel jets |
US2941726A (en) * | 1954-11-19 | 1960-06-21 | Szczepanski Harry | Booster-action airless spray unit |
US2968126A (en) * | 1955-08-15 | 1961-01-17 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Blowing frame for tempering glass sheets |
US3135090A (en) * | 1962-03-30 | 1964-06-02 | David M Straight | Rocket motor system |
-
1965
- 1965-07-12 US US471135A patent/US3343794A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US197947A (en) * | 1877-12-11 | Improvement in oil-cans | ||
US2941726A (en) * | 1954-11-19 | 1960-06-21 | Szczepanski Harry | Booster-action airless spray unit |
US2968126A (en) * | 1955-08-15 | 1961-01-17 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Blowing frame for tempering glass sheets |
US2925224A (en) * | 1958-11-19 | 1960-02-16 | Gulf Research Development Co | Nozzles for the production of fine parallel jets |
US3135090A (en) * | 1962-03-30 | 1964-06-02 | David M Straight | Rocket motor system |
Cited By (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3468481A (en) * | 1968-05-10 | 1969-09-23 | Exotech | Hypervelocity jet producing system employing an impact cumulation process |
US3490696A (en) * | 1968-07-12 | 1970-01-20 | Exotech | Hypervelocity pulsed jet head assembly |
US3602312A (en) * | 1968-07-15 | 1971-08-31 | Montedison Spa | Process for quenching flames and extinguishing fires and devices therefor |
US3478966A (en) * | 1968-07-25 | 1969-11-18 | Exotech | Hypervelocity jet producing system employing an impact cumulation process |
US3656553A (en) * | 1969-05-16 | 1972-04-18 | Montedison Spa | Flame-extinguishing substance comprising 1,2-dibromohexafluropropane |
US3712543A (en) * | 1971-04-19 | 1973-01-23 | Exotech | Apparatus for generating pulsed jets of liquid |
US3704966A (en) * | 1971-09-13 | 1972-12-05 | Us Navy | Method and apparatus for rock excavation |
US3796371A (en) * | 1972-05-19 | 1974-03-12 | Atlas Copco Ab | Jet piercing device |
USB380014I5 (en) * | 1972-07-19 | 1975-01-28 | ||
US3921915A (en) * | 1972-07-19 | 1975-11-25 | Cerac Inst Sa | Nozzle means producing a high-speed liquid jet |
US3997111A (en) * | 1975-07-21 | 1976-12-14 | Flow Research, Inc. | Liquid jet cutting apparatus and method |
US4079890A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1978-03-21 | Viktor Mikhailovich Lyatkher | Device for building up high pulse liquid pressures |
US4422882A (en) * | 1981-12-29 | 1983-12-27 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Pulsed liquid jet-type cleaning of highly heated surfaces |
DE3343555A1 (en) * | 1982-12-06 | 1984-06-07 | Dravo Corp., 15222 Pittsburgh, Pa. | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ACCELERATING QUANTITY OF LIQUIDS |
US4863101A (en) * | 1982-12-06 | 1989-09-05 | Acb Technology Corporation | Accelerating slugs of liquid |
US4762277A (en) * | 1982-12-06 | 1988-08-09 | Briggs Technology Inc. | Apparatus for accelerating slugs of liquid |
US4607792A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1986-08-26 | Young Iii Chapman | Oscillating pulsed jet generator |
US5423481A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-06-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Meniscus regulator system |
US20060086822A1 (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2006-04-27 | Gilles Martin | Device for injection a pulsed supersonic gas stream |
US7093774B2 (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2006-08-22 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Device for injecting a pulsed supersonic gas stream |
US8931319B2 (en) | 2009-10-15 | 2015-01-13 | New Jersey Institute Of Technology | System and method for forming of tubular parts |
US8459078B2 (en) | 2009-10-15 | 2013-06-11 | New Jersey Institute Of Technology | System and method for forming of tubular parts |
US20110088803A1 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | Ernest Samuel Geskin | System and method for forming of tubular parts |
US8904912B2 (en) | 2012-08-16 | 2014-12-09 | Omax Corporation | Control valves for waterjet systems and related devices, systems, and methods |
US9610674B2 (en) | 2012-08-16 | 2017-04-04 | Omax Corporation | Control valves for waterjet systems and related devices, systems, and methods |
US10864613B2 (en) | 2012-08-16 | 2020-12-15 | Omax Corporation | Control valves for waterjet systems and related devices, systems, and methods |
DE102017119610A1 (en) | 2017-08-26 | 2019-03-21 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method and device for generating a sequence of beam sections of a discontinuous, modified liquid jet |
US11554461B1 (en) | 2018-02-13 | 2023-01-17 | Omax Corporation | Articulating apparatus of a waterjet system and related technology |
US10369579B1 (en) | 2018-09-04 | 2019-08-06 | Zyxogen, Llc | Multi-orifice nozzle for droplet atomization |
US11904494B2 (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2024-02-20 | Hypertherm, Inc. | Cylinder for a liquid jet pump with multi-functional interfacing longitudinal ends |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3343794A (en) | Jet nozzle for obtaining high pulse dynamic pressure heads | |
Plesset et al. | Collapse of an initially spherical vapour cavity in the neighbourhood of a solid boundary | |
Liu et al. | Experimental study of flow field structure of interrupted pulsed water jet and breakage of hard rock | |
Culick | Comments on a ruptured soap film | |
Brunton | A discussion on deformation of solids by the impact of liquids, and its relation to rain damage in aircraft and missiles, to blade erosion in steam turbines, and to cavitation erosion-High speed liquid impact | |
Crow | A theory of hydraulic rock cutting | |
Huffman et al. | The effect of free stream turbulence level on turbulent boundary layer behaviour(Effect of free stream turbulence level on turbulent boundary layer behavior) | |
Bowden | The formation of microjets in liquids under the influence of impact or shock | |
US3921915A (en) | Nozzle means producing a high-speed liquid jet | |
Mitchell et al. | Experimental comparison of material removal rates in abrasive waterjet cutting and a novel droplet stream technique | |
Van Rijsbergen et al. | A Lagrangian analysis of scale effects on sheet cavitation inception | |
Imai et al. | On transverse variation of velocity and bed shear stress in hydraulic jumps in a rectangular open channel | |
Kishore et al. | Hydraulics of submerged offset-jets | |
PERELMAN et al. | The strength of materials under the action of droplet impacts(Effect of droplet impacts on blades of wet steam turbines and resistance of materials to erosion based on number of load cycles and energy capacity of material before fracture) | |
SU448886A1 (en) | The method of grinding liquid and puree food | |
Huang et al. | Mathematical modelling of normal impact between a finite cylindrical liquid jet and non-slip flat rigid surface | |
Timothy et al. | Microstructural Features Associated With Ballistic Impact in Ti 6 Al 4 V | |
Hansson et al. | The initial part of the incubation period of flow cavitation erosion on austenitic stainless steel | |
JPS55139128A (en) | Electric discharge forming die in liquid | |
Sasaki et al. | Numerical analysis of liquid droplet impingement on rough material surface with water pool | |
SU397324A1 (en) | DEVICE FOR SURFACE STRENGTHENING | |
Deleuze et al. | Quadrant analysis in a heated‐wall supersonic boundary layer | |
RU2085444C1 (en) | Method of acting on flow passing around system of bodies | |
SU1077621A1 (en) | Apparatus for mixing gas with liquid | |
Semerchan | Theory of Damage by Cavitation |