US3217557A - Device for transmission of forces in a flexible sheath - Google Patents

Device for transmission of forces in a flexible sheath Download PDF

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US3217557A
US3217557A US243675A US24367562A US3217557A US 3217557 A US3217557 A US 3217557A US 243675 A US243675 A US 243675A US 24367562 A US24367562 A US 24367562A US 3217557 A US3217557 A US 3217557A
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sheath
ball
tracks
guiding tracks
bearings
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US243675A
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Martinot Maxime
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C1/00—Flexible shafts; Mechanical means for transmitting movement in a flexible sheathing
    • F16C1/10—Means for transmitting linear movement in a flexible sheathing, e.g. "Bowden-mechanisms"
    • F16C1/20—Construction of flexible members moved to and fro in the sheathing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C1/00—Flexible shafts; Mechanical means for transmitting movement in a flexible sheathing
    • F16C1/26—Construction of guiding-sheathings or guiding-tubes
    • F16C1/28—Construction of guiding-sheathings or guiding-tubes with built in bearings, e.g. sheathing with rolling elements between the sheathing and the core element
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20396—Hand operated
    • Y10T74/20402—Flexible transmitter [e.g., Bowden cable]
    • Y10T74/20444—Flexible transmitter [e.g., Bowden cable] including rolling antifriction elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20396—Hand operated
    • Y10T74/20402—Flexible transmitter [e.g., Bowden cable]
    • Y10T74/2045—Flexible transmitter [e.g., Bowden cable] and sheath support, connector, or anchor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices which allow compression or tension forces to be transmitted over a substantial distance, and which have a relatively flexible, rectilinear or bent sheath.
  • the invention provides a device for transmitting a force, comprising a tubular sheath, a relatively flexible rod-like member freely movable along the longitudinal axis of said sheath, fixed guiding tracks located within and secured to said sheath, and a plurality of ball-bearings located between said rodlike member and said gniiding tracks, said guiding tracks being formed as cages for said ball-bearings and having stop members to limit the longitudinal movement of said ball-bearings.
  • the ball-bearings roll freely between the stops, the distance travelled by the ball-bearings being equal to half that travelled by the said member.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a perspective view of a device to which the invention relates, the outer sheath thereof being partially cut away, and FIGURE 2 shows a cross section of the device of FIGURE 1, but omitting the sheath entirely.
  • a device which comprises a tubular sheath 1, made of a relatively flexible material such as a plastic material and two guiding tracks 2 and 3 fixed to the said sheath.
  • a mobile rod-like member 4 is located along the longitudinal axis of the sheath 1, and is made free to move longitudinally without friction by the provision of ballbearings 5 on both sides of the member 4, between the latter and the guiding tracks 2 and 3.
  • the guiding tracks 2 and 3 also form cages for the ball-bearings 5 in that they are provided at regular intervals with indentations at 2a and 3a, forming stops to limit the longitudinal movement of the ball-bearings.
  • the ball-bearings roll freely between two consecutive indentations forming stops, the distance travelled by the ball-bearings being equal to half that travelled by the rod.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and illustrated above, but, on the contrary, covers all variations of construction and application.
  • the stops formed on the guiding tracks themselves may be made in quite a diiferent manner from the mdentations described above. For example, they can be separate devices clipped in place to the edges of the tracks 2 and 3.
  • a device for transmitting a force comprising:
  • said member having a pair of parallel, oppositely directed faces each of which has a longitudinal groove therein;
  • said guiding tracks having parts thereof forming stop members disposed along the opposite sides of each track on planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of said tracks so as to extend radially inward of said transverse cross-sections of said inner longitudinal surfaces of said guiding tracks, said stop members serving to limit the longitudinal movement of said ball-bearings therealong.
  • said stop members of said guiding tracks are disposed in transversely aligned pairs along the length of each of said tracks.

Description

1965 M. MARTINOT 3,217,557
DEVICE FOR TRANSMISSION OF FORCES IN A FLEXIBLE SHEATH Filed Dec. 10, 1962 United States Patent 3,217,557 DEVICE FOR TRANSMISSION 0F FURCES IN A FLEXIBLE SHEATH Maxime Martinot, 110 Ave. Anatole France, Vitry=snr-Seine, Seine, France Filed Dec. 10, 1962, Scr. No. 243,675 Claims priority, applicaiior; France, Dec. 9, 1961, 88 ,5 1 2 Claims. (Cl. 74-501) The present invention relates to devices which allow compression or tension forces to be transmitted over a substantial distance, and which have a relatively flexible, rectilinear or bent sheath.
It is an object of the invention to make a device of this nature which is light, inexpensive and flexible.
With this and other objects in view, the invention provides a device for transmitting a force, comprising a tubular sheath, a relatively flexible rod-like member freely movable along the longitudinal axis of said sheath, fixed guiding tracks located within and secured to said sheath, and a plurality of ball-bearings located between said rodlike member and said gniiding tracks, said guiding tracks being formed as cages for said ball-bearings and having stop members to limit the longitudinal movement of said ball-bearings.
Thus, when the rod-like member moves, the ball-bearings roll freely between the stops, the distance travelled by the ball-bearings being equal to half that travelled by the said member.
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, reference will be made to the accompanying drawing which shows one embodiment thereof by Way of a non-limiting example and in which:
FIGURE 1 shows a perspective view of a device to which the invention relates, the outer sheath thereof being partially cut away, and FIGURE 2 shows a cross section of the device of FIGURE 1, but omitting the sheath entirely.
Referring to the drawings, there is shown a device which comprises a tubular sheath 1, made of a relatively flexible material such as a plastic material and two guiding tracks 2 and 3 fixed to the said sheath.
A mobile rod-like member 4 is located along the longitudinal axis of the sheath 1, and is made free to move longitudinally without friction by the provision of ballbearings 5 on both sides of the member 4, between the latter and the guiding tracks 2 and 3.
In accordance with the invention, the guiding tracks 2 and 3 also form cages for the ball-bearings 5 in that they are provided at regular intervals with indentations at 2a and 3a, forming stops to limit the longitudinal movement of the ball-bearings.
When the rod-like member 4 moves, the ball-bearings roll freely between two consecutive indentations forming stops, the distance travelled by the ball-bearings being equal to half that travelled by the rod.
In the device according to the invention, it is no longer necessary, as was hitherto the case, to provide independent cages for the ball-bearings and the latter are no longer hindered in their rotation, as often occurred.
3,217,557 Patented Nov. 16, 1965 Further, besides the economy resulting from the omlssion of the independent cages, the device is lighter and more flexible.
The invention is not limited to the embodiment described and illustrated above, but, on the contrary, covers all variations of construction and application. In particular, the stops formed on the guiding tracks themselves may be made in quite a diiferent manner from the mdentations described above. For example, they can be separate devices clipped in place to the edges of the tracks 2 and 3.
What I claim is:
1. A device for transmitting a force, comprising:
(a) a flexible tubular sheath;
(b) a relatively flexible, flat rod-like member freely movable along the longitudinal axis of said sheath;
(0) said member having a pair of parallel, oppositely directed faces each of which has a longitudinal groove therein;
(d) a pair of fixed guiding tracks extending longitudinally within and secured to said sheath with said member located between said tracks;
(e) a plurality of pairs of ball-bearings of uniform size spaced longitudinally along the interior of said sheath;
(f) with one ball-bearing of each of said pair-s being disposed between one of said guiding tracks and the groove in one of said parallel faces of said rod-like member, and the other ball-bearing of each of said pairs being disposed between the other of said guiding tracks and the groove in the other of said faces of said member;
(g) the inner longitudinal surfaces of said guiding tracks and said grooves in the parallel faces of said rod-like member having transverse cross-sections each of which is in the form of a circular arc having a radius of curvature equal to that of each of said ballbearings, to form cages for said ball-bearings; and
(h) said guiding tracks having parts thereof forming stop members disposed along the opposite sides of each track on planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of said tracks so as to extend radially inward of said transverse cross-sections of said inner longitudinal surfaces of said guiding tracks, said stop members serving to limit the longitudinal movement of said ball-bearings therealong. 2. A device as in claim 1; wherein said stop members of said guiding tracks are disposed in transversely aligned pairs along the length of each of said tracks.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS Re. 25,239 9/1862 Pearlstine 308-6 X 846,079 3/1907 Yost 642 1,151,898 8/1915 Neal 3086 2,261,504 11/1941 Saunders 308-38 2,845,813 8/1958 Richoux 74-501 2,987,348 6/1961 Blazek 3086 3,055,714 9/1962 Coflin 3086 BROUGHTON G. DURHAM, Primary Examiner. ROBERT C. RIORDON, Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING A FORCE, COMPRISING: (A) A FLEXIBLE TUBULR SHEATH; (B) A RELATIVELY FLEXIBLE, FLAT ROD-LIKE MEMBER FREELY MOVABLE ALONG THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF SAID SHEATH; (C) SAID MEMBER HAING A PAIR OF PARALLEL, OPPOSITELY DIRECTED FACES EACH OF WHICH HAS A LONGITUDINAL GROOVE THEREIN; (D) A PAIR OF FIXED GUIDING TRACKS EXTENDING LONGITUDINALLY WITHIN AND SECURED TO SAID SHEATH WITH SAID MEMBER LOCATED BETWEEN SAID TRACKS; (E) A PLURALITY OF PAIRS OF BALL-BEARINGS OF UNIFORM SIZE SPACED LONGITUDINALLY ALONG THE INTERIOR OF SAID SHEATH; (F) WITH ONE BALL-BEARING OF EACH OF SAID PAIRS BEING DISPOSED BETWEEN ONE OF SAID GUIDING TRACKS AND THE GROOVE IN ONE OF SAID PARALLEL FACES OF SAID ROD-LIKE MEMBER, AND THE OTHER BALL-BEARING OF EACH OF SIAD PAIRS BEING DISPOSED BETWEEN THE OTHER OF SAID GUIDING TRACKS AND THE GROOVE IN THE OTHER OF SAID FACES OF SAID MEMBER;
US243675A 1961-12-09 1962-12-10 Device for transmission of forces in a flexible sheath Expired - Lifetime US3217557A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR881511A FR1315234A (en) 1961-12-09 1961-12-09 Force transmission device in a flexible sheath

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US3217557A true US3217557A (en) 1965-11-16

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CH (1) CH394730A (en)
ES (1) ES283197A1 (en)
FR (1) FR1315234A (en)
GB (1) GB947997A (en)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3274850A (en) * 1964-11-04 1966-09-27 Nazarene F Tascio Flexible push-pull control cable
US3362249A (en) * 1964-05-06 1968-01-09 Richoux Raymond Flexible force-transmitting mechanism
US3468185A (en) * 1967-07-18 1969-09-23 North American Rockwell Control for providing long travel to the core of a push-pull cable
US3509782A (en) * 1967-12-11 1970-05-05 William S Molnar Flexible control cable
US4062251A (en) * 1976-03-26 1977-12-13 Teleflex Incorporated Motion transmitting remote control assembly
WO1983000807A1 (en) * 1981-09-03 1983-03-17 United States Surgical Corp Surgical stapler apparatus with curved shaft
US5709335A (en) * 1994-06-17 1998-01-20 Heartport, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument and method thereof
US5732872A (en) * 1994-06-17 1998-03-31 Heartport, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument
US5817113A (en) * 1995-02-24 1998-10-06 Heartport, Inc. Devices and methods for performing a vascular anastomosis
US5881943A (en) * 1994-06-17 1999-03-16 Heartport, Inc. Surgical anastomosis apparatus and method thereof
US5976159A (en) * 1995-02-24 1999-11-02 Heartport, Inc. Surgical clips and methods for tissue approximation
US6171321B1 (en) 1995-02-24 2001-01-09 Heartport, Inc. Devices and methods for performing a vascular anastomosis
US20010001826A1 (en) * 1998-01-23 2001-05-24 Heartport, Inc. System for performing vascular anastomoses
US6280460B1 (en) 1998-02-13 2001-08-28 Heartport, Inc. Devices and methods for performing vascular anastomosis
US6966917B1 (en) 2000-11-09 2005-11-22 Innovation Interventional Technologies B.V. Deformable connector for mechanically connecting hollow structures
US7018387B2 (en) 1998-10-22 2006-03-28 Innovative Interventional Technologies B.V. Mechanical anastomosis system for hollow structures
US7022127B2 (en) 1997-10-24 2006-04-04 Innovative Interventional Technologies Bv Mechanical anastomosis system for hollow structures
US7543730B1 (en) * 2008-06-24 2009-06-09 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Segmented drive member for surgical instruments
US8781604B2 (en) 2004-08-18 2014-07-15 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Method of implanting stimulation lead with biased curved section through the interatrial septum
US9950783B2 (en) * 2015-09-07 2018-04-24 Airbus Helicopters Ball-bearing control cable, a mechanical system, and an aircraft

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US4696602A (en) * 1986-03-27 1987-09-29 Ltv Energy Products Company Apparatus and system for flooding submerged structures

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US846079A (en) * 1906-11-07 1907-03-05 Victor A Yost Extensible shaft.
US1151898A (en) * 1914-06-05 1915-08-31 James L Neal Signal or switch operating device.
US2261504A (en) * 1939-11-20 1941-11-04 American Forging & Socket Co Adjustable support
US2845813A (en) * 1955-04-08 1958-08-05 Richoux Raymond Flexible transmission
US2987348A (en) * 1959-02-26 1961-06-06 Lempco Products Inc Bearing retainer-indexing means for antifriction die sets
USRE25239E (en) * 1962-09-11 Pearlstine
US3055714A (en) * 1960-11-17 1962-09-25 Producto Machine Company Die set bearing

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USRE25239E (en) * 1962-09-11 Pearlstine
US846079A (en) * 1906-11-07 1907-03-05 Victor A Yost Extensible shaft.
US1151898A (en) * 1914-06-05 1915-08-31 James L Neal Signal or switch operating device.
US2261504A (en) * 1939-11-20 1941-11-04 American Forging & Socket Co Adjustable support
US2845813A (en) * 1955-04-08 1958-08-05 Richoux Raymond Flexible transmission
US2987348A (en) * 1959-02-26 1961-06-06 Lempco Products Inc Bearing retainer-indexing means for antifriction die sets
US3055714A (en) * 1960-11-17 1962-09-25 Producto Machine Company Die set bearing

Cited By (57)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3362249A (en) * 1964-05-06 1968-01-09 Richoux Raymond Flexible force-transmitting mechanism
US3274850A (en) * 1964-11-04 1966-09-27 Nazarene F Tascio Flexible push-pull control cable
US3468185A (en) * 1967-07-18 1969-09-23 North American Rockwell Control for providing long travel to the core of a push-pull cable
US3509782A (en) * 1967-12-11 1970-05-05 William S Molnar Flexible control cable
US4062251A (en) * 1976-03-26 1977-12-13 Teleflex Incorporated Motion transmitting remote control assembly
WO1983000807A1 (en) * 1981-09-03 1983-03-17 United States Surgical Corp Surgical stapler apparatus with curved shaft
EP0074878A2 (en) * 1981-09-03 1983-03-23 United States Surgical Corporation Surgical stapler apparatus with curved shaft
EP0074878A3 (en) * 1981-09-03 1983-12-21 United States Surgical Corporation Surgical stapler apparatus with curved shaft
US4576167A (en) * 1981-09-03 1986-03-18 United States Surgical Corporation Surgical stapler apparatus with curved shaft
US4646745A (en) * 1981-09-03 1987-03-03 United States Surgical Corporation Surgical stapler apparatus with curved shaft
US5709335A (en) * 1994-06-17 1998-01-20 Heartport, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument and method thereof
US5732872A (en) * 1994-06-17 1998-03-31 Heartport, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument
US7122044B2 (en) 1994-06-17 2006-10-17 Heartport, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument and method thereof
US5881943A (en) * 1994-06-17 1999-03-16 Heartport, Inc. Surgical anastomosis apparatus and method thereof
US5947363A (en) * 1994-06-17 1999-09-07 Heartport, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument and method thereof
US5957363A (en) * 1994-06-17 1999-09-28 Elf Atochem S.A. Method of performing vascular anastomosis
US6763993B2 (en) 1994-06-17 2004-07-20 Bolduc Lee R Surgical stapling instrument and method thereof
US6659327B2 (en) 1994-06-17 2003-12-09 Heartport, Inc. Surgical anastomosis apparatus and method thereof
US6176413B1 (en) 1994-06-17 2001-01-23 Heartport, Inc. Surgical anastomosis apparatus and method thereof
US6209773B1 (en) 1994-06-17 2001-04-03 Heartport, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument and method thereof
US6631837B1 (en) 1994-06-17 2003-10-14 Heartport, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument and method thereof
US6588643B2 (en) 1994-06-17 2003-07-08 Hearport, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument and method thereof
US6450390B2 (en) 1994-06-17 2002-09-17 Hearport, Inc. Surgical anastomosis apparatus and method thereof
US6491704B2 (en) 1995-02-24 2002-12-10 Heartport, Inc. Devices and methods for performing a vascular anastomosis
US6171321B1 (en) 1995-02-24 2001-01-09 Heartport, Inc. Devices and methods for performing a vascular anastomosis
US6451034B1 (en) 1995-02-24 2002-09-17 Gifford, Iii Hanson S. Devices and methods for performing a vascular anastomosis
US6461365B2 (en) 1995-02-24 2002-10-08 Heartport, Inc. Surgical clips and methods for tissue approximation
US6371965B2 (en) 1995-02-24 2002-04-16 Gifford, Iii Hanson S. Devices and methods for performing a vascular anastomosis
US20030114867A1 (en) * 1995-02-24 2003-06-19 Bolduc Lee R. Surgical clips and methods for tissue approximation
US8617190B2 (en) 1995-02-24 2013-12-31 Heartport, Inc. Device for engaging tissue having a preexisting opening
US20110172686A1 (en) * 1995-02-24 2011-07-14 Gifford Iii Hanson S Device For Engaging Tissue Having a Preexisting Opening
US7935129B2 (en) 1995-02-24 2011-05-03 Heartport, Inc. Device for engaging tissue having a preexisting opening
US7112211B2 (en) 1995-02-24 2006-09-26 Heartport, Inc. Devices and methods for performing avascular anastomosis
US6676678B2 (en) 1995-02-24 2004-01-13 Heartport, Inc. Devices and methods for performing a vascular anastomosis
US7763041B2 (en) 1995-02-24 2010-07-27 Heartport, Inc. Surgical clips and methods for tissue approximation
US5976159A (en) * 1995-02-24 1999-11-02 Heartport, Inc. Surgical clips and methods for tissue approximation
US20050096675A1 (en) * 1995-02-24 2005-05-05 Gifford Hanson S.Iii Devices and methods for performing avascular anastomosis
US20050096676A1 (en) * 1995-02-24 2005-05-05 Gifford Hanson S.Iii Devices and methods for performing a vascular anastomosis
US6899718B2 (en) 1995-02-24 2005-05-31 Heartport, Inc. Devices and methods for performing avascular anastomosis
US6443965B1 (en) * 1995-02-24 2002-09-03 Heartport, Inc. Devices and methods for performing a vascular anastomosis
US5817113A (en) * 1995-02-24 1998-10-06 Heartport, Inc. Devices and methods for performing a vascular anastomosis
US6984238B2 (en) 1995-02-24 2006-01-10 Gifford Iii Hanson S Devices and methods for performing avascular anastomosis
US7666198B2 (en) 1997-10-24 2010-02-23 Innovative Interventional Technologies B.V. Mechanical anastomosis system for hollow structures
US7022127B2 (en) 1997-10-24 2006-04-04 Innovative Interventional Technologies Bv Mechanical anastomosis system for hollow structures
US8182498B2 (en) 1997-10-24 2012-05-22 Innovative International Technologies B.V. Mechanical anastomosis system for hollow structures
US7651510B2 (en) 1998-01-23 2010-01-26 Heartport, Inc. System for performing vascular anastomoses
US6962596B2 (en) 1998-01-23 2005-11-08 Bolduc Lee R System for performing vascular anastomoses
US20010001826A1 (en) * 1998-01-23 2001-05-24 Heartport, Inc. System for performing vascular anastomoses
US6280460B1 (en) 1998-02-13 2001-08-28 Heartport, Inc. Devices and methods for performing vascular anastomosis
US6709441B2 (en) 1998-02-13 2004-03-23 Heartport, Inc. Devices and methods for performing vascular anastomosis
US20030176878A1 (en) * 1998-02-13 2003-09-18 Bolduc Lee R. Devices and methods for performing vascular anastomosis
US7018387B2 (en) 1998-10-22 2006-03-28 Innovative Interventional Technologies B.V. Mechanical anastomosis system for hollow structures
US8066723B2 (en) 2000-11-09 2011-11-29 De Vries & Metman Connector, applicator and method for mechanically connecting hollow structures, in particular small blood vessels, as well as auxiliary devices
US6966917B1 (en) 2000-11-09 2005-11-22 Innovation Interventional Technologies B.V. Deformable connector for mechanically connecting hollow structures
US8781604B2 (en) 2004-08-18 2014-07-15 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Method of implanting stimulation lead with biased curved section through the interatrial septum
US7543730B1 (en) * 2008-06-24 2009-06-09 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Segmented drive member for surgical instruments
US9950783B2 (en) * 2015-09-07 2018-04-24 Airbus Helicopters Ball-bearing control cable, a mechanical system, and an aircraft

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH394730A (en) 1965-06-30
GB947997A (en) 1964-01-29
FR1315234A (en) 1963-01-18
ES283197A1 (en) 1963-02-16

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