US3199224A - Apparatus for treating continuous length webs comprising high velocity gas jets - Google Patents
Apparatus for treating continuous length webs comprising high velocity gas jets Download PDFInfo
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- US3199224A US3199224A US184709A US18470962A US3199224A US 3199224 A US3199224 A US 3199224A US 184709 A US184709 A US 184709A US 18470962 A US18470962 A US 18470962A US 3199224 A US3199224 A US 3199224A
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- web
- plates
- nozzles
- opposed
- apertures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
- F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
- F26B13/101—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts
- F26B13/104—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts supported by fluid jets only; Fluid blowing arrangements for flotation dryers, e.g. coanda nozzles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
Definitions
- This invention relates to apparatus for treating webs for heat transfer purposes or for causing chemical reactions therein, as in treating webs coated or impregnated with thermosetting or polymerizable plastic or resinous compounds, for example, in the manufacture of battery separator webs or the preheating of resin-impregnated papers in preparation for pleating, as in the manufacture of filters, and to the method of handling such webs exemplified in the use of such apparatus.
- cross-tensioning devices such as tenter frames, and the like are completely avoided.
- the objects of the invention are accomplished by utilizing as the heat transfer medium hot air jets which are directed perpendicularly towards the web, both from below and from above, and so controlling the geometry, including the spacing, and the path of flow and the velocity of the air streams that the web floats in a plane substantially midway between the orifices from which the opposed jets originate.
- I produce a floating feed of untensioned web through an air dryer, not by staggering parallel full width air streams longitudinally above and below the pathway to create vacuum areas between the orifices, but by directing air towards the web both from above and below only in discrete areas spaced both longitudinally and transversely of the pathway with the air streams in opposed aligned relation.
- the web is constrained along its length to move along a substantially plane path because the surfaces of the web as it moves are contacted along selected equal and opposite areas of both sides thereof with substantially equal volumes of air having little or no velocity but elevated pressure, and along intervening equal and opposite discrete areas segregated both longitudinally and transversely of the path of movement of said length of material, with substantially equal volumes of lower pressure air moving at high velocity normally into, along, and substantially normally out of contact with the surfaces of the web between said selected areas.
- the building up of a static pressure which is equal on both sides of the web throughout a matrix is accomplished by providing two opposed apertured plates which lie in planes spaced slightly closer together than the planes of jet nozzles extending into the apertures, and by locating and shaping exhaust ports in such manner that certain air between the exhaust ports remains substantially undisturbed.
- the exhaust ports surround the individual nozzles and are so proportioned with respect to the orifices of the nozzles as to exhaust the gases at approximately the same cubic foot per minute rate as their rate of issue from the orifices.
- FIG. 1 is :a plan view of such an apparatus
- FIG. 2 is a side elevational view thereof
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 33 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3a is a cross-sectional detail of a modified form of apparatus
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional detail of a certain part of the apparatus
- FIG. 5 is a representation of the nozzle pattern of the apparatus
- FIG. 6 is still a larger scale depiction of certain portions of the apparatus taken along the line 6-6 of FIG. 5;
- FIG. 7 is an illustrative plan View of a sheet of web material which has been subjected to the operation of the apparatus without being moved in order to depict the character of the operation as shown by a test to be hereinafter described.
- the apparatus comprises a lower casing 8 over which is superimposed an upper hood casing 10 which is mounted for restricted movement up and down towards and away from the lower casing,
- the upper casing has four threaded brackets 11 which receive supporting shafts 12, all of the shafts 12 being mechanically connectedby sets of miter gears 14 to a common adjusting shaft 16 located at the input end of the apparatus.
- the upper casing 10 encloses a fan 24 whichleads through controlling dampers 26 and 28 into a plenum 30, and the lower casing 8 duplicates this construction.
- the plenum 30 has as a lower wall a partition plate 32 which is apertured to receive a series of spaced nozzles 40 which extend downwardly from the plenum 30 in the upper casing and another series 41 which extend upwardly from the corresponding plenum 30a in the lower casing towards apertures located in opposed parallel plates 42 and 44 which define the pathway therebetween for the web material W, which may be fed from a source of supply such as a braked roll (not shown) through any desired treating station, e.g., a coating operation on both sides into inlet 20.
- a source of supply such as a braked roll (not shown)
- any desired treating station e.g., a coating operation on both sides into inlet 20.
- all the nozzle are in rows extending transversely of the apparatus,'but they are slightly offset from one another longitudinally of the apparatus for well-known purposes of increasing the uniformity of treatment by assuring that every surface area of the length of material being treated is subjected to a substantially equal volume of high'velocity air.
- the dishing aids in establishing the proper path of air stream flow between the plates.
- the orifice planes lie between the planes of the bent-up edges 48'forming the exhaust port 50 and the planes of the plates 42 and 44, respectively.
- the area. of the exhaust ports 50 is such that while the velocity of the air passing therethrough is less than the velocity of the air as it emanates from the orifices 46 and 47, substantially the same volume of air,
- the two plates 40 and 42 can have their In any event, it has been found by demonstration that I in an apparatus of the above character, when the plate a 42 is moved to a proper distance from the plate 44 for a given type of web material, the web material will be constrained against draping o-r drooping or touching either of the plates 42 or :4 throughout the length of the dryer, being constrained in a substantially single horizontal path of movement by the air stream. operation in and of itself and without requiring any support at the edges and without fluttering at the edges.
- the air stream moving with great velocity along the surfaces of the web in areas 62 prevents the deposit of cinnamon and develops the greatest drying power outwardly from the center of the nozzle, and then reversing and withdrawing upwardly through the exhaust ports leaves the matrix area substantially untreated, because of little or no velocity of the air relative to the surface of the paper in these areas, as in the area directly beheath the nozzles where there is a downward impact but no relative motion along the surface of high velocity air.
- the ring 64 represents an area of cinnamon deposit as the air velocity across the surface of the sheet decelerates.
- the preheating of phenolformaldehyde resin impregnated paper for pleating in the manufacture of automotive oil filters is best accomplished by treating the web on both sides simultaneously with gases heated to a temperature between F. and250 F. adjusted according to the speed of motion of the web. This speed will be between the limits of 600 ft./ min. and 1000 ft./min. according to the amount of impregnation of the paper and the production required.
- the paper In this process the paper must become uniformly plastic and malleable so that it may be formed into pleats in the subsequent pleating apparatus.
- the two plates in the jet preheater are adjusted to a distance of one inch apart.
- the plates have exhaust ports one and one-quarter inches in diameter, surrounding nozzle orifices five-eighths inchin diameter, arranged on two and one-half inch centers transversely andin .row three inches apart longitudinally.
- the treating gas in the nozzles has a velocity of 6000 linear ft./min. and the gas passing outward through the exhaust ports has a velocity of 2000 linear ft./ min.
- the web of paper will be properly softened while it is moving along a substantially plane path parallel to and substantially equidistant from the planes of the faces of the upper and lower surface plates;
- FIGS. 1-3 While the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1-3 has a stationary lower casing 8 and an upper casing 10 movable relative thereto, in some cases it may be desirable to make provision for simultaneous equal movement of the upper and lower casings toward and away from each other. This maybe donein a variety of manners, including, for example, the construction shown in EEG. 3a, wherein the lower casing 8, instead of being fixedly supported, is
- brackets '70 are screw threaded with an opposite thread from the thread of brackets 11 so that the shafts 12, when rotated, move the lower casing 8 up or down in counter motion with respect to the motion of the upper casing 10.
- the plates 42 and 44 will always be equidistant above and below, respectively, the plane of a web W being fed. into opening at a fixed level.
- Apparatus for treating a flexible continuous web comprising a casing forming a treatin chamber and defining an inlet leading into and a discharge opening leading out of said chamber, two opposed parallel spaced plates extending longitudinally within said casing and f riiing therebetween a passageway for advance of a web fed into said inlet through said passageway and out of said discharge opening, said plates having opposed aligned apertures dished out of the planes of said plates spaced both longitudinally and transversely of said plates and having portions between said aligned apertures forming opposed fiat continuous matrices, opposed aligned nozzles extending into each opposed pair of apertures leaving annular openings between the nozzles and the aperture edges, through which said annular openings gas emanating from said nozzles may be exhausted, and the nozzles extending into the apertures of each plate having orifices lying in a single plane, the distance between said orifice planes being at least as great as the minimum dis tance between said opposed plates whereby upon dis charge of gas at high
Description
E. C. BROWN Aug. 10, 1965 APPARATUS FOR TREATING CONTINUOUS LENGTH WEBS COMPRISING HIGH VELOCITY GAS JETS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 5, 1962 Aug. 10, 1965 APPAR Filed April 3, 1962 E. c. BROWN 3,199,224 ATUS FOR TREATING CONTINUOUS LEN WEBS COMPRISING HIGH VELOCITY GAS JE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 United States Patent APPARATUS 58R TREATENQ 0NTENUUS LENGTH WEES (IGR ERBENG HlGH VELOC- Ernest C. rown, Danvers, Mass, assignor to Wolverine Equipment (39., Carnhridge, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts Filed Apr. 3, W62, Ser. No. 18 15799 3 Qlairns. (ill. 34-156) This invention relates to apparatus for treating webs for heat transfer purposes or for causing chemical reactions therein, as in treating webs coated or impregnated with thermosetting or polymerizable plastic or resinous compounds, for example, in the manufacture of battery separator webs or the preheating of resin-impregnated papers in preparation for pleating, as in the manufacture of filters, and to the method of handling such webs exemplified in the use of such apparatus.
The dryin or setting-up treatment of webs which have coating or impregnating materials applied to both sides thereof presents certain problems with respect to uniformity of treatment. If one side is first coated and treated, and then the other side, the first coating tends to be overtreated during exposure of the coating on the second side in the subsequent treatment. If both sides are treated simultaneously, handling problems arise. If conveyors are utilized, even of the open-mesh type, the conveyor tends to mar the coating or to shield the supporting surface of the web from direct and equal treatment with other portions of the web, or both. Where continuous processing of such webs is desired, it has hence been necessary to resort to the use of costly apparatus adjuncts, for example, tenters or other tensioning devices, to hold both surfaces of the web out of contact with the elements of the drying or treating apparatus. As the width of the material increases and its tensile strength decreases, such tenters and the like have a tendency to cause ruptures or tears if sufiicient tension is applied to prevent the wide webs from contacting portions of the treating apparatus.
It is a primary object of this invention, therefore, to provide an apparatus for treating relatively wide webs for heat transfer or impregnant polymerization or the like with the length of the material being treated being unsupported at its sides and under only sufhcient tension to move it forwardly as by pulling one end of the web with feeder rolls or the like, while providing means for con straining the unsupported length of web being treated to move in a substantially single horizontal plane despite the fact that the pulling tension would be insuificient in and of itself to prevent the moving web from drooping out of a single plane. In this manner, the disadvantages and dangers present with the use of cross-tensioning devices, such as tenter frames, and the like are completely avoided.
The objects of the invention are accomplished by utilizing as the heat transfer medium hot air jets which are directed perpendicularly towards the web, both from below and from above, and so controlling the geometry, including the spacing, and the path of flow and the velocity of the air streams that the web floats in a plane substantially midway between the orifices from which the opposed jets originate.
it has heretofore been proposed in Dungler Patent No. 2,682,116 to provide apparatus wherein side gripping devices convey a tensioned web through a dryer having a succession of parallel slits extending transversely of the path of the web disposed in alignment above and below the web, and between which guide and supporting rollers for the web are provided. The contact of the latter rollers with the web, in particular, is detrimental to the most efficient drying operation, and may be unusable in the case of certain tacky surfaces where the rollers would tend to remove portions of the impregnant or coating.
The same patentee proposed staggering the slits above and below the pathway so that cloth fed therebetween could assume a wavy appearance with the air passing directly through a cloth Web into a vacuum area located opposite the transverse slit. Such an operation is exceedingly difficult to control, and of course, should not be utilized in any case where such distortion of the web would be harmful to the quality of the product. For example, certain material, such as battery separator plate material, has a stiffness which would prevent its assuming such a wavy appearance without cracking or breaking the brittle material and such undue flexing and disruption of the impregnant surface coating is obviously undesirable in many other cases.
In accordance with this invention, I produce a floating feed of untensioned web through an air dryer, not by staggering parallel full width air streams longitudinally above and below the pathway to create vacuum areas between the orifices, but by directing air towards the web both from above and below only in discrete areas spaced both longitudinally and transversely of the pathway with the air streams in opposed aligned relation. The web is constrained along its length to move along a substantially plane path because the surfaces of the web as it moves are contacted along selected equal and opposite areas of both sides thereof with substantially equal volumes of air having little or no velocity but elevated pressure, and along intervening equal and opposite discrete areas segregated both longitudinally and transversely of the path of movement of said length of material, with substantially equal volumes of lower pressure air moving at high velocity normally into, along, and substantially normally out of contact with the surfaces of the web between said selected areas.
The building up of a static pressure which is equal on both sides of the web throughout a matrix is accomplished by providing two opposed apertured plates which lie in planes spaced slightly closer together than the planes of jet nozzles extending into the apertures, and by locating and shaping exhaust ports in such manner that certain air between the exhaust ports remains substantially undisturbed. Por this purpose the exhaust ports surround the individual nozzles and are so proportioned with respect to the orifices of the nozzles as to exhaust the gases at approximately the same cubic foot per minute rate as their rate of issue from the orifices.
Such a construction may be better understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrating a form of apparatus useful in practising the method of the invention and in which:
FIG. 1 is :a plan view of such an apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view thereof;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 33 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3a is a cross-sectional detail of a modified form of apparatus;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional detail of a certain part of the apparatus;
FIG. 5 is a representation of the nozzle pattern of the apparatus;
FIG. 6 is still a larger scale depiction of certain portions of the apparatus taken along the line 6-6 of FIG. 5; and
FIG. 7 is an illustrative plan View of a sheet of web material which has been subjected to the operation of the apparatus without being moved in order to depict the character of the operation as shown by a test to be hereinafter described.
The apparatus comprises a lower casing 8 over which is superimposed an upper hood casing 10 which is mounted for restricted movement up and down towards and away from the lower casing, For this purpose the upper casing has four threaded brackets 11 which receive supporting shafts 12, all of the shafts 12 being mechanically connectedby sets of miter gears 14 to a common adjusting shaft 16 located at the input end of the apparatus. 1
Upper edges of lower casing 8 and lower edges of upper casing 10 are so proportioned that in the position shown there is provided at the left-hand side of the apparatus aninlet opening 20, and at theright-hand side of the apparatus an outlet opening 22 through which openings the web material may be horizontally passed in flat-wise condition, butthe side edges 21, 21a of the upper casing :and23 of the lower casing are so designed as to overlap in telescoping relation to form barriers and substantially seal the two casings together along the sides.
As shown in FIG. 3 the upper casing 10 encloses a fan 24 whichleads through controlling dampers 26 and 28 into a plenum 30, and the lower casing 8 duplicates this construction.
The plenum 30 has as a lower wall a partition plate 32 which is apertured to receive a series of spaced nozzles 40 which extend downwardly from the plenum 30 in the upper casing and another series 41 which extend upwardly from the corresponding plenum 30a in the lower casing towards apertures located in opposed parallel plates 42 and 44 which define the pathway therebetween for the web material W, which may be fed from a source of supply such as a braked roll (not shown) through any desired treating station, e.g., a coating operation on both sides into inlet 20.
As indicated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, all the nozzle are in rows extending transversely of the apparatus,'but they are slightly offset from one another longitudinally of the apparatus for well-known purposes of increasing the uniformity of treatment by assuring that every surface area of the length of material being treated is subjected to a substantially equal volume of high'velocity air.
As shown more particularly in FIG. 6, it will be noted that the nozzles 40 terminate in orifices 46 which lie in a single plane, and the nozzles 41 in orifices 47, which lie 'in a spaced single plane; and both plates 42 and 44 have portions thereof 48 bent upwardly =or dished out of the planes of the plates to form apertures or exhaust ports 50 of annular shape surrounding each nozzle. The dishing aids in establishing the proper path of air stream flow between the plates. It is further noted that the orifice planes lie between the planes of the bent-up edges 48'forming the exhaust port 50 and the planes of the plates 42 and 44, respectively.
Moreover the area. of the exhaust ports 50 is such that while the velocity of the air passing therethrough is less than the velocity of the air as it emanates from the orifices 46 and 47, substantially the same volume of air,
per unit of time passes through the exhaust ports as issues from the orifices so that all the air issuing from the orfices is exhausted through the exhaust ports.
, This results in the building up of more or less dead spaces or non-turbulent zones between the plates 42, 44 in the areas between the bent portions 48, and, as a consequence of the velocity of the air streams curling around therebetween, as shown by the, arrows in FIG. 6, a static pressure is built up in these areas which, because the areas are equal and opposed on each side of the sheet, tend to stabilize the sheet, despite the impact on and motion of the air streams relative to the web W in'the discrete areas lying directly opposite the nozzles and their surrounding exhaust ports. inner side edges (FIG. 3)'flanged over in telescoping relationship at 56 forming barriers to minimize lateral air flow outwardly of that edge of the Web W, though such inner closure has not been found to be essential.
The two plates 40 and 42 can have their In any event, it has been found by demonstration that I in an apparatus of the above character, when the plate a 42 is moved to a proper distance from the plate 44 for a given type of web material, the web material will be constrained against draping o-r drooping or touching either of the plates 42 or :4 throughout the length of the dryer, being constrained in a substantially single horizontal path of movement by the air stream. operation in and of itself and without requiring any support at the edges and without fluttering at the edges.
The existence of a pressure build-up between the two plates has been demonstrated by treating aweb without moving it and inserting cinnamon in the air stream. When the material was not moved, it was found that a pattern of light and'darkareas developed, as shown in FIG. 7. Thus directly beneath ach nozzle there is a separate darkened circular portion 60 where cinnamon was deposited. Surrounding this was a ring 62 of very much ligher color, a narrower ring at of darker color, and therebeyond a matrix 66 of intermediate darlccolor. From this operation it is apparent that drying had advanced in the ring portion 62 to a much higher degree than either directly beneath the nozzles in areas 6%? or in the matrix portions oo'surrounding the ring portion.
This is explainable on the ground, as shown in FIG. 6, that the air stream moving with great velocity along the surfaces of the web in areas 62 prevents the deposit of cinnamon and develops the greatest drying power outwardly from the center of the nozzle, and then reversing and withdrawing upwardly through the exhaust ports leaves the matrix area substantially untreated, because of little or no velocity of the air relative to the surface of the paper in these areas, as in the area directly beheath the nozzles where there is a downward impact but no relative motion along the surface of high velocity air. The ring 64 represents an area of cinnamon deposit as the air velocity across the surface of the sheet decelerates.
This pattern, of course, would not be observable were the material moved continuously through the apparatus, because with such continuous motion, each unit area of the product receives equal treatment, and therefore, the entire sheet, as it leaves the apparatus, would be covered uniformly with cinnamon indicative or uniform treatment throughout both its surfaces.
As an example, the preheating of phenolformaldehyde resin impregnated paper for pleating in the manufacture of automotive oil filters, is best accomplished by treating the web on both sides simultaneously with gases heated to a temperature between F. and250 F. adjusted according to the speed of motion of the web. This speed will be between the limits of 600 ft./ min. and 1000 ft./min. according to the amount of impregnation of the paper and the production required.
In this process the paper must become uniformly plastic and malleable so that it may be formed into pleats in the subsequent pleating apparatus. For this purpose the two plates in the jet preheater are adjusted to a distance of one inch apart. The plates have exhaust ports one and one-quarter inches in diameter, surrounding nozzle orifices five-eighths inchin diameter, arranged on two and one-half inch centers transversely andin .row three inches apart longitudinally.
The treating gas in the nozzles has a velocity of 6000 linear ft./min. and the gas passing outward through the exhaust ports has a velocity of 2000 linear ft./ min. Under the above described conditions the web of paper will be properly softened while it is moving along a substantially plane path parallel to and substantially equidistant from the planes of the faces of the upper and lower surface plates;
While the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1-3 has a stationary lower casing 8 and an upper casing 10 movable relative thereto, in some cases it may be desirable to make provision for simultaneous equal movement of the upper and lower casings toward and away from each other. This maybe donein a variety of manners, including, for example, the construction shown in EEG. 3a, wherein the lower casing 8, instead of being fixedly supported, is
provided with a series of threaded brackets '70, one of which is shown in FIG. 3, and all of which are in alignment with the up r casing brackets 11. The brackets 70 are screw threaded with an opposite thread from the thread of brackets 11 so that the shafts 12, when rotated, move the lower casing 8 up or down in counter motion with respect to the motion of the upper casing 10. In this structure the plates 42 and 44 will always be equidistant above and below, respectively, the plane of a web W being fed. into opening at a fixed level.
What is claimed is:
1. Apparatus for treating a flexible continuous web comprising a casing forming a treatin chamber and defining an inlet leading into and a discharge opening leading out of said chamber, two opposed parallel spaced plates extending longitudinally within said casing and f riiing therebetween a passageway for advance of a web fed into said inlet through said passageway and out of said discharge opening, said plates having opposed aligned apertures dished out of the planes of said plates spaced both longitudinally and transversely of said plates and having portions between said aligned apertures forming opposed fiat continuous matrices, opposed aligned nozzles extending into each opposed pair of apertures leaving annular openings between the nozzles and the aperture edges, through which said annular openings gas emanating from said nozzles may be exhausted, and the nozzles extending into the apertures of each plate having orifices lying in a single plane, the distance between said orifice planes being at least as great as the minimum dis tance between said opposed plates whereby upon dis charge of gas at high velocity through said nozzles, a web advancing through said apparatus will be contacted along selected equal and opposite areas on both its sides between said matrices with substantially equal volumes 5 as having little or no velocity but elevated pressure and will be contacted along intervening equal and opposite discrete areas segregated both longitudinally and transversely of the path of movement of said web with substantially equal volumes of lower pressure gas moving at high velocity normally into Contact with, along, and substantially normally out of contact with intervening surfaces of said web lying between said selected areas to float said advancing web in said passageway free from contact with said opposed plates and nozzles.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim ll, wherein portions of said plates leading to said apertures are bent away from said passageway, and the remainder of said plates forming said matrices lie in parallel planes.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the planes if said orifices lie between said parallel plate planes and the edges of said apertures.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,799,375 4/31 Jones 34-16 2,042,610 6/36 Littleton 34-160 2,518,268 8/50 Bancroft 34-16 2,645,031 7/53 Edwards 34-156 2,742,274 4/56 Edvar 34-155 2,780,877 2/57 Warner 34-156 3,012,335 12/61 Allander 34-155 3,041,739 7/62 Meier-Windhorst 34-156 3,060,595 10/62 Dapses 34-160 3,070,901 1/63 Allander et a1. 34-160 FOREIGN PATENTS 562,354 11/57 Belgium. 639,183 5/35 Germany.
OTHER REFERENCES Krantz: (Germany) Patentanmeldung (March 15,
1956), X 20,513, vii/8b (3 pp. spec., 1 sht. dwg.).
NORMAN YUDKOFF, Primary Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. APPARATUS FOR TREATING A FLEXIBLE CONTINUOUS WEB COMPRISING A CASING FORMING A TREATING CHAMBER AND DEFINING AN INLET LEADING INTO AND A DISCHARGE OPENING LEADING OUT OF SAID CHAMBER, TWO OPPOSED PARALLEL SPACED PLATES EXTENDING LONGITUDINALLY WITHIN SAID CASING AND FORMING THEREBETWEEN A PASSAGEWAY FOR ADVANCE OF A WEB FED INTO SAID INLET THROUGH SAID PASSAGEWAY AND OUT OF SAID DISCHARGE OPENING, SAID PLATES HAVING OPPOSDED ALIGNED APERTURES DISHED OUT OF THE PLANES OF SAID PLATES SPACED BOTH LONGITUDINALLY AND TRANSVERSELY OF SAID PLATES AND HAVING PORTIONS BETWEEN SAID ALIGNED APERTURES FORMING OPPOSED FLAT CONTINUOUS MATRICES, OPPOSED ALIGNED NOZZLES EXTENDING INTO EACH OPPOSED PAIR OF APERTURES LEAVING ANNULAR OPENINGS BETWEEN THE NOZZLES AND THE APERTURE EDGES, THROUGH WHICH SAID ANNULAR OPENINGS GAS EMANATING FROM SAID NOZZLES MAY BE EXHAUSTED, AND THE NOZZLES EXTENDING INTO THE APERTURES OF EACH PLATE HAVING ORIFICES LYING IN A SINGLE PLANE, THE DISTANCE BETWEEN SAID ORIFICE PLANES BEING AT LEAST AS GREAT AS THE MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN SAID OPPOSED PLATES WHEREBY UPON DISCHARGE OF GAS AT HIGH VELOCITY THROUGH SAID NOZZLES, A WEB ADVANCING THROUGH SAID APPARATUS WILL BE CONTACTED ALONG SELECTED EQUAL AND OPPOSITE AREAS ON BOTH ITS SIDES BETWEEN SAID MATRICES WITH SUBSTANTIALLY EQUAL VOLUMES OF GAS HAVING LITTLE OR NO VELOCITY BUT ELEVATED PRESSURE AND WILL BE CONTACTED ALONG INTERVENING EQUAL AND OPPOSITE DISCRETE AREAS SEGREGATED BOTH LONGITUDINALLY AND TRANSVERSELY OF THE PATH OF MOVEMENT OF SAID WEB WITH SUBSTANTIALLY EQUAL VOLUMES OF LOWER PRESSURE GAS MOVING AT HIGH VELOCITY NORMALLY INTO CONTACT WITH, ALONG, AND SUBSTANTIALLY NORMALLY OUT OF CONTACT WITH INTERVENING SURFACES OF SAID WEB LYING BETWEEN SAID SELECTED AREAS TO FLOAT SAID ADVANCING WEB IN SAID PASSAGEWAY FREE FROM CONTACT WITH SAID OPPOSED PLATES AND NOZZLES.
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US184709A US3199224A (en) | 1962-04-03 | 1962-04-03 | Apparatus for treating continuous length webs comprising high velocity gas jets |
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US184709A US3199224A (en) | 1962-04-03 | 1962-04-03 | Apparatus for treating continuous length webs comprising high velocity gas jets |
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Cited By (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3324570A (en) * | 1965-02-25 | 1967-06-13 | Proctor And Schwartz Inc | Float dryer |
US3398467A (en) * | 1967-06-14 | 1968-08-27 | Wolverine Corp | Parallel tube gaseous jet apparatus with multisize tube bores |
US3455671A (en) * | 1966-05-09 | 1969-07-15 | Permaglass | Gas support bed apparatus for treating glass |
US3638330A (en) * | 1970-05-08 | 1972-02-01 | Web Press Eng Inc | Web support nozzles for drier |
US3739491A (en) * | 1971-09-22 | 1973-06-19 | Tec Systems | High velocity air web dryer |
US3777408A (en) * | 1970-08-10 | 1973-12-11 | Air Ind | Installations for the treatment, in gaseous medium, of a strip product |
US3800438A (en) * | 1970-11-19 | 1974-04-02 | Artos Ind Forsch | Apparatus for treatment of materials, particularly the heat treatment of webs |
US3812598A (en) * | 1972-01-26 | 1974-05-28 | Omnium De Prospective Ind Sa | Apparatus for drying damp web material |
US3936953A (en) * | 1973-10-10 | 1976-02-10 | Beloit Corporation | Air impingement system |
US3982328A (en) * | 1974-05-29 | 1976-09-28 | Aktiebolaget Svenska Flaktfabriken | Dryer for material coated on two surfaces |
US3986274A (en) * | 1974-02-28 | 1976-10-19 | Riggs & Lombard, Inc. | Apparatus for web treatment |
US4069595A (en) * | 1975-01-24 | 1978-01-24 | Aktiebolaget Svenska Flaktfabriken | Arrangement for conveying web material through a treating plant |
US4089123A (en) * | 1975-05-13 | 1978-05-16 | Svecia Silkscreen Maskiner Ab | Apparatus for drying ink on freshly printed material |
US4271601A (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1981-06-09 | Valmet Oy | Web dryer operating on the air float principle |
US4274210A (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1981-06-23 | Valmet Oy | Gas nozzle for use in treating material webs |
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DE10359121A1 (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2005-07-14 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Assembly to carry and deflect a wet/dry web without contact, between processing stations, has a porous and gas-permeable guide with a gas feed and a suction unit to take the web through without vibration or creasing |
US20070125876A1 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-06-07 | Ralf Bolling | Nozzle system for the treatment of web-shaped material |
US20070214679A1 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-09-20 | Brandt Robert O Jr | Thermal impingement apparatus |
US8061055B2 (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2011-11-22 | Megtec Systems, Inc. | Step air foil web stabilizer |
DE102017127595A1 (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-23 | Brückner Maschinenbau GmbH & Co. KG | Ventilation module for a film stretching plant and such a film stretching plant |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3324570A (en) * | 1965-02-25 | 1967-06-13 | Proctor And Schwartz Inc | Float dryer |
US3455671A (en) * | 1966-05-09 | 1969-07-15 | Permaglass | Gas support bed apparatus for treating glass |
US3398467A (en) * | 1967-06-14 | 1968-08-27 | Wolverine Corp | Parallel tube gaseous jet apparatus with multisize tube bores |
US3638330A (en) * | 1970-05-08 | 1972-02-01 | Web Press Eng Inc | Web support nozzles for drier |
US3777408A (en) * | 1970-08-10 | 1973-12-11 | Air Ind | Installations for the treatment, in gaseous medium, of a strip product |
US3800438A (en) * | 1970-11-19 | 1974-04-02 | Artos Ind Forsch | Apparatus for treatment of materials, particularly the heat treatment of webs |
US3739491A (en) * | 1971-09-22 | 1973-06-19 | Tec Systems | High velocity air web dryer |
US3812598A (en) * | 1972-01-26 | 1974-05-28 | Omnium De Prospective Ind Sa | Apparatus for drying damp web material |
US3936953A (en) * | 1973-10-10 | 1976-02-10 | Beloit Corporation | Air impingement system |
US3986274A (en) * | 1974-02-28 | 1976-10-19 | Riggs & Lombard, Inc. | Apparatus for web treatment |
US3982328A (en) * | 1974-05-29 | 1976-09-28 | Aktiebolaget Svenska Flaktfabriken | Dryer for material coated on two surfaces |
US4069595A (en) * | 1975-01-24 | 1978-01-24 | Aktiebolaget Svenska Flaktfabriken | Arrangement for conveying web material through a treating plant |
US4089123A (en) * | 1975-05-13 | 1978-05-16 | Svecia Silkscreen Maskiner Ab | Apparatus for drying ink on freshly printed material |
US4338911A (en) * | 1976-05-19 | 1982-07-13 | Smith Donald P | Cooking apparatus |
US4409453A (en) * | 1976-05-19 | 1983-10-11 | Smith Donald P | Combined microwave and impingement heating apparatus |
US4271601A (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1981-06-09 | Valmet Oy | Web dryer operating on the air float principle |
US4274210A (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1981-06-23 | Valmet Oy | Gas nozzle for use in treating material webs |
US4320587A (en) * | 1979-03-03 | 1982-03-23 | Hilmar Vits | Dryer for a continuously traveling web |
US4834063A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1989-05-30 | Stein Associates, Inc. | Food cooking oven with duct fingers and method |
US5201132A (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1993-04-13 | Busch Co. | Strip cooling, heating or drying apparatus and associated method |
US5611151A (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1997-03-18 | Busch Co. | Strip cooling, heating, wiping or drying apparatus and associated method |
US5590480A (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1997-01-07 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | combination air bar and hole bar flotation dryer |
US5647144A (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1997-07-15 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Combination air bar and hole bar flotation dryer |
US5551251A (en) * | 1995-02-08 | 1996-09-03 | York Food Systems | Impingement freezer |
US5934178A (en) * | 1997-01-04 | 1999-08-10 | Heat & Control, Inc. | Air impingement oven |
US6146678A (en) * | 1997-01-04 | 2000-11-14 | Heat And Control, Inc. | Method of cooking food products in an air impingement oven |
DE19809737B4 (en) * | 1997-03-06 | 2006-04-13 | Kiersch, Walter, Dipl.-Ing. | Device for drying flat material |
DE29704095U1 (en) * | 1997-03-06 | 1998-07-02 | Kiersch Walter | Device for drying flat material |
DE10359121A1 (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2005-07-14 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Assembly to carry and deflect a wet/dry web without contact, between processing stations, has a porous and gas-permeable guide with a gas feed and a suction unit to take the web through without vibration or creasing |
US20070125876A1 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-06-07 | Ralf Bolling | Nozzle system for the treatment of web-shaped material |
US20070214679A1 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-09-20 | Brandt Robert O Jr | Thermal impingement apparatus |
US8061055B2 (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2011-11-22 | Megtec Systems, Inc. | Step air foil web stabilizer |
DE102017127595A1 (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-23 | Brückner Maschinenbau GmbH & Co. KG | Ventilation module for a film stretching plant and such a film stretching plant |
WO2019101808A1 (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-31 | Brückner Maschinenbau GmbH & Co. KG | Ventilation module for a film stretching system and film stretching system of this type |
CN111372753A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2020-07-03 | 布鲁克纳机械有限责任两合公司 | Ventilation module for a film stretching device and such a film stretching device |
US11897179B2 (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2024-02-13 | Brückner Maschinenbau GmbH | Ventilation module for a film stretching system and film stretching system of this type |
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Owner name: FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON, THE, 100 FEDERAL ST Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WOLVERINE CORPORATION, A MA CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004171/0618 Effective date: 19830824 |
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Owner name: WOLVERINE CORPORATION, MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON, THE;REEL/FRAME:005941/0741 Effective date: 19910906 |