US3158111A - Method and apparatus for forming tablets - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for forming tablets Download PDFInfo
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- US3158111A US3158111A US200468A US20046862A US3158111A US 3158111 A US3158111 A US 3158111A US 200468 A US200468 A US 200468A US 20046862 A US20046862 A US 20046862A US 3158111 A US3158111 A US 3158111A
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- tablet
- punches
- lubricant
- molds
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- PYHRZPFZZDCOPH-QXGOIDDHSA-N (S)-amphetamine sulfate Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.C[C@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1.C[C@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 PYHRZPFZZDCOPH-QXGOIDDHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019739 Dicalciumphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004341 Octafluorocyclobutane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- HOBWAPHTEJGALG-JKCMADFCSA-N [(1r,5s)-8-methyl-8-azoniabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl] 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate;sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.C([C@H]1CC[C@@H](C2)[NH+]1C)C2OC(=O)C(CO)C1=CC=CC=C1.C([C@H]1CC[C@@H](C2)[NH+]1C)C2OC(=O)C(CO)C1=CC=CC=C1 HOBWAPHTEJGALG-JKCMADFCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002028 atropine sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940119751 dextroamphetamine sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous oxide Inorganic materials [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCCOBQSFUDVTJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octafluorocyclobutane Chemical compound FC1(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F BCCOBQSFUDVTJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019407 octafluorocyclobutane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenobarbital Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002695 phenobarbital Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009475 tablet pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/0005—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing for briquetting presses
- B30B15/0011—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing for briquetting presses lubricating means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
- B30B11/08—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space co-operating with moulds carried by a turntable
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
- Y10S425/115—Lubricator
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvement in a method and apparatus for making tablets.
- a lubricant is added to the tablet mix which is then placed in a mold cavity and compressed with punch means-
- the tablet lubricant is necessary to reduce tool wear and to insure that the thus formed. tablet'will not adhere to the mold or punch means and can hence be readily ejected.
- the presence ofthe tablet lubricant causes a reduction of the cohesiveness of the tablet mix which in turn for a given compressional pressure causes a reduction in desired tablet hardness. Of particular importance with respect to the pharmaceutical tablets, the presence of the.
- tablet lubricant requires the use of increased pressureto achieve the desired tablet hardness and this in turn re-.
- .It is, therefore, the broad object of this invention to provide an apparatus and method giving increased tablet hardness for a given compressional force and to reduce.
- the general procedure of forming a tablet by first forming a particular tablet mix, introducing the tablet mix into the mold ofa 'tabletting machine and compressing the mix into a tablet with punch means are employed.
- a tablet lubricant is periodically sprayed on the punch means and the interior of the mold. This permits elimination of al of the tablet lubricant from the tablet Only sufficient lubricant need be sprayed on to provide a substantial covering of the parts which come into contact with the tablet mix. It has been found satisfactory to carry out the spraying once for each about 250 to 30-0 cycles of operation. While the spraing may be carried out more frequently, it is generally not necessary to do so.
- the method of this invention is useful with any material which is tabletable by heretofore known methods.
- Typical for example, are drugs such as dextroamphetamine sulfate, phenobarbital, chlorphenirarnine maleate, ascorbic acid, atropine sulfate and potassium penicillin which may be combined with other ingredients, for example, fillers such as lactose, dry starch, powdered sucrose, dicalcium phosphate and calcium sulfate dihydrate.
- tablet lubricants Any of the heretofore known large number of tablet lubricants can be employed in this invention.
- powder lubricants for example, pharmaceutically acceptable metallic soaps such as magnesium stearate or calcium stearate, stearic acid and talc can be employed.
- liquid lubricants such as butyl stearate or liquid petrolatum may be used.
- the lubricant advantageously is applied in an aerosol in which the propellant gas may be any of the pharmaceutically acceptable gases frequently empioyed in the aerosol type dispensers such as, for example fiuorinated hydrocarbon derivatives of short chain aliphatic organic compounds such as dichloro-difiuoromethane, dichlorotetrafiuoroethane, octafluorocyclobutane.
- the propellant gas may be any of the pharmaceutically acceptable gases frequently empioyed in the aerosol type dispensers such as, for example fiuorinated hydrocarbon derivatives of short chain aliphatic organic compounds such as dichloro-difiuoromethane, dichlorotetrafiuoroethane, octafluorocyclobutane.
- com- 1] pressed (non-liquid) gaspropellants such as. nitrous OX- ide, nitrogen, carbon dioxide-and air.
- the powdered lubricants aresuspended in
- the liquid lubricants are dissolved in or'admixed with-the selected gas.
- theaerosol containor will be agitated periodically. Pressures of frolnabout to about 100 p.s.i.g. at 70 F.
- FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of arotary tabletting machine incorporating the improvement of the invention
- FIGURE-2 isa plan view partlybroken away of the feed frame ofwthe machine of FIGURE incorporating the. spraying apparatus in accordancewith the invention
- FIGURE is'a development of the cam trackswhich control movement of the-punches of the machine-0f FIG-z URE l;
- FIGURE 4 is a vertical section ratus of this invention.
- a rotary tabletpressing 'ma chine 2 has a frame4 provided with a base 6; Mounted on frame 4 is-a stationary tablets 'and-a rotating head lil, which rotates clockwise as viewed looking downon it. As best seen inFIGURE 4, head :ltl isconstructed so as to form outwardly extending rings 12,14 and-16:;
- Ring 12 is provided with opening 17 toaccommodate upper punches 118.
- a 38 mounted so as to overlie ring 14 and is provided with walls indicated at 46 41, 4'2, and 43 to form the conventional feed frame grid.
- a supply hopper 44 is mounted for discharge of the tablet mix onto ring 14 between walls 46 and 41.
- an aerosol container 59 is provided to contain the tablet lubricant and the propellant gas of the aerosol.
- Container Stl is provided with a control valve structure indicated at'52 which can be used to control the how of the aerosol to line 54 manually when the timer to be described is inoperative.
- Line a contains a solenoid valve indicated at 55.
- Valve 55 is connected to a timer schematically indicated at T by through a pair of adjacent dicsillustrating the spraying action of the appa-- Ring 14: is provided with openings 21 to accommodate'molds 22. Ringlis provided with openin s'23 toaccommodate lower punches 24.
- Timer T is supplied with power by line 58 and is connected to ground by a line indicated at 60.
- Tirner T can be of any well known type of timer providing an electrical onoff time cycle and will be set to open valve 55 periodically for the time period required for a complete revolution of head -10. While as previously indicated, the frequency of the opening of valve 55 may vary, timer T will be set to open valve 55 at least once for each about 250300 revolutions of head 10.
- Line 54 discharges into a manifold indicated at 64 (see FIGURE 2) which is secured to frame 38 by welding.
- Lines 66 and 68 connect manifold 64 to nozzles 73 and 72, respectively.
- Nozzles 70 and '72 are located on the circumference containing the center line of punches 18 and 24 and on this circumference are located apart the distance separating two adjacent molds 22.
- the location of nozzles 70 and 72 with relation to the sequential operation of the tabletting machine is shown in FIGURE 3 where the position of these nozzles are indicated by the circles indicated at 70 and 72, respectively.
- nozzle 70 is directed downwardly so as to spray the gas-lubricant aerosol into molds 22 and nozzle 72 is directed upwardly so as to direct the spray against punches 18.
- nozzle 72 is positioned so as to spray punches 18 when they are in their elevated position.
- nozzle 7% is positioned to spray downwardly into molds 22 when punches 24 are fully retracted. It will be appreciated that both spray nozzles are positioned in advance of wall 46 of frame 38 and hence in no way interfere with the filling of mold 22 with the tablet mix.
- the machine 2 is run until timer T is perative to open valve 55 to actuate spraying of the gaslubricant aerosol through nozzles 7t) and 72, timer T keeping valve 55 open during one complete revolution of head 10.
- the tablet mix free of lubricant is then supplied by means of supply hopper 44 and tablets are produced in the conventional manner.
- timer T actuates valve 55 to spray the aerosol during another complete revolution of head during which revolution tablets will continue to be formed.
- the operation is repeated until the desired number of tablets are formed.
- the method of this invention comprises the steps of forming a tablet in a tablet compressing machine of the type having a mold and punch means adapted to cooperate with the mold wherein the punch means and interior of the mold are periodically sprayed with a tablet lubricant in a spray.
- the steps in the method of forming a pharmaceutical tablet in a tablet compressing machine of the type having a mold and punch means adapted to cooperate with the mold, comprising periodically spraying the punch means and the interior of the mold with a pharmaceutical tablet lubricant in an aerosol spray, repeatedly introducing a pharmaceutical tablet mix substantially free of tablet lubricant into the mold and compressing the mix with the punch means to form a tablet.
- a rotating tableting machine having means for rotating a plurality of molds and a plurality of punches for cooperation with said molds, means to feed a tablet mix into the molds, means to retract the punches to permit the feeding of material into the molds and means to advance the punches to compress material fed into the molds, the improvement comprising porous metal plating on the molding surfaces of the punches and the molds for the storage of a lubricant, means including a valve to spray a tablet lubricant on the said molding surfaces with the punches retracted and control means including a timer to maintain the valve normally closed during the rotation of the molds and punches and to periodically open said valve for at least one complete rotation of the molds and punches.
- a rotating tableting machine having means for rotating a plurality of molds and a plurality of sets of upper and lower punches for cooperation with said molds, means to feed a tablet mix into the molds, means to retract the punches to permit the feeding of material into the molds and means to advance the punches to compress material fed into the molds, the improvement comprising porous chromium plating on the molding surfaces of the punches and the molds for the storage of a lubricant, means including a valve and a pair of nozzles positioned between the plane of the upper ends of the molds and the plane of the retracted lower ends of the upper punches to spray a tablet lubricant on the said molding surfaces with the punches retracted and control means including a timer to maintain the valve normally closed during the rotation of the molds and punches and to periodically open said valve for at least one complete rotation of the molds and punches.
Description
Nov. 24, 1964 A. M. RAFF METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING TABLETS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 6, 1962 7 INVENTOR.
ALLAN M. RAFF g n vfiZ- ATTORNEYS Nov. 24, 1964 A. M. RAFF 3,158,111
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING TABLETS Filed June 6, 1962 i 2 sheets sheet 2 4 .x1 w "k i FIG. 3.
I, 14 l| LIG FIG. 4.
INVENTOR.
ALLAN M. RAFF BY t V W ATTORNEYS United States Patent 3,153,111 METHUD AND APPARATUS FOR FGRMLQG TABLETS Allan M. Rad, Elkins Park, Pan, assignor to Smith Kline dz French'liahoratories, Philadelphia, Pa, a 'eorpnratien or Pennsylvania Filed .lnne 6, i962, en. No. 290,463
4 Claims. (El. 107-54) This invention relates to improvement in a method and apparatus for making tablets. Conventionally, in the formation of tablets such as, for example, pharmaceutical tablets, a lubricant is added to the tablet mix which is then placed in a mold cavity and compressed with punch means- The tablet lubricant is necessary to reduce tool wear and to insure that the thus formed. tablet'will not adhere to the mold or punch means and can hence be readily ejected. The presence ofthe tablet lubricant, however, causes a reduction of the cohesiveness of the tablet mix which in turn for a given compressional pressure causes a reduction in desired tablet hardness. Of particular importance with respect to the pharmaceutical tablets, the presence of the.
tablet lubricantrequires the use of increased pressureto achieve the desired tablet hardness and this in turn re-.
sults in an undesirableincrease in the time that it takes the tablet to disintegrate after it has been ingested.
.It is, therefore, the broad object of this invention to provide an apparatus and method giving increased tablet hardness for a given compressional force and to reduce.
the tablet disintegration time by the method and apparatus of this invention. V
In accordance with the method of this invention, the general procedure of forming a tablet by first forming a particular tablet mix, introducing the tablet mix into the mold ofa 'tabletting machine and compressing the mix into a tablet with punch means are employed. However, rather than including the necessary lubricants (as distinguished from agents aiding free flow of the mix) in. the tablet mix in theconventional manner, a tablet lubricant is periodically sprayed on the punch means and the interior of the mold. This permits elimination of al of the tablet lubricant from the tablet Only sufficient lubricant need be sprayed on to provide a substantial covering of the parts which come into contact with the tablet mix. It has been found satisfactory to carry out the spraying once for each about 250 to 30-0 cycles of operation. While the spraing may be carried out more frequently, it is generally not necessary to do so.
The method of this invention is useful with any material which is tabletable by heretofore known methods. Typical, for example, are drugs such as dextroamphetamine sulfate, phenobarbital, chlorphenirarnine maleate, ascorbic acid, atropine sulfate and potassium penicillin which may be combined with other ingredients, for example, fillers such as lactose, dry starch, powdered sucrose, dicalcium phosphate and calcium sulfate dihydrate.
Any of the heretofore known large number of tablet lubricants can be employed in this invention. Thus, for example, powder lubricants, for example, pharmaceutically acceptable metallic soaps such as magnesium stearate or calcium stearate, stearic acid and talc can be employed. Similarly, liquid lubricants, such as butyl stearate or liquid petrolatum may be used. The lubricant advantageously is applied in an aerosol in which the propellant gas may be any of the pharmaceutically acceptable gases frequently empioyed in the aerosol type dispensers such as, for example fiuorinated hydrocarbon derivatives of short chain aliphatic organic compounds such as dichloro-difiuoromethane, dichlorotetrafiuoroethane, octafluorocyclobutane. Further exemplary are com- 1] pressed (non-liquid) gaspropellants such as. nitrous OX- ide, nitrogen, carbon dioxide-and air., The powdered lubricants aresuspended in the liquefied or compressed gas. The powdered lubricant must be substantially insoluble in theselected liquefied gas when ra=liquefied gas is em ployed. The liquid lubricants are dissolved in or'admixed with-the selected gas. Where necessary toprovide a proper gas-lubricant aerosol, theaerosol containor will be agitated periodically. Pressures of frolnabout to about 100 p.s.i.g. at 70 F. aresatisfactoryn The method and apparatus ofthis inventionwill be further clarified-by a reading of the following descriptionin conjunction withthe drawings: 7 FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of arotary tabletting machine incorporating the improvement of the invention; FIGURE-2 'isa plan view partlybroken away of the feed frame ofwthe machine of FIGURE incorporating the. spraying apparatus in accordancewith the invention;
FIGURE?) is'a development of the cam trackswhich control movement of the-punches of the machine-0f FIG-z URE l; and
: FIGURE 4 is a vertical section ratus of this invention.
Referring. to FIGURE 'l, a rotary tabletpressing 'ma chine 2 has a frame4 provided with a base 6; Mounted on frame 4 is-a stationary tablets 'and-a rotating head lil, which rotates clockwise as viewed looking downon it. As best seen inFIGURE 4, head :ltl isconstructed so as to form outwardly extending rings 12,14 and-16:;
punch-is then elevated to remove-excess pow'clepwhich is scraped oil. :Thelower punch is then again lowereduntil it is elevated by compressing rollers 34' atwvhich time upper punch 18 which has been elevated is lowered by compressing roller .32 to form the tablet; At 330, the tablet has been liftediout of the'mold andridesofif. the ringi i to be discharged through the chute indicated.
atCin-FIGURELL 1 Referring now to FIGURE, a 38 mounted so as to overlie ring 14 and is provided with walls indicated at 46 41, 4'2, and 43 to form the conventional feed frame grid. A supply hopper 44 is mounted for discharge of the tablet mix onto ring 14 between walls 46 and 41.
As just described, the rotary tablet compressing machine is well-l nown to the art and in wide commercial use today and hence need not be described in any greater detail. For a description of the said tabletting machine, reference may be had, for example, to United States Patent No. 2,043,086, issued June 2, 1936.
Referring now to FIGURE 1, an aerosol container 59 is provided to contain the tablet lubricant and the propellant gas of the aerosol. Container Stl is provided with a control valve structure indicated at'52 which can be used to control the how of the aerosol to line 54 manually when the timer to be described is inoperative. Line a contains a solenoid valve indicated at 55. Valve 55 is connected to a timer schematically indicated at T by through a pair of adjacent dicsillustrating the spraying action of the appa-- Ring 14: is provided with openings 21 to accommodate'molds 22. Ringlis provided with openin s'23 toaccommodate lower punches 24. As best shows a step by step: sequence of the op-f eration' of punches l8 and 24, the degrees marked on the top being arbitrarily chosen'to show the synchronized actionof the parts. At 0,lower punch 24 starts down; opening the mold cavity, -at,about-,- powderis sup-f plied to the. molds for then-filling operation. The lower:
a a line 56 and is connected to ground by a line 57. Timer T is supplied with power by line 58 and is connected to ground by a line indicated at 60. Tirner T can be of any well known type of timer providing an electrical onoff time cycle and will be set to open valve 55 periodically for the time period required for a complete revolution of head -10. While as previously indicated, the frequency of the opening of valve 55 may vary, timer T will be set to open valve 55 at least once for each about 250300 revolutions of head 10. Line 54 discharges into a manifold indicated at 64 (see FIGURE 2) which is secured to frame 38 by welding. Lines 66 and 68 connect manifold 64 to nozzles 73 and 72, respectively. Nozzles 70 and '72 are located on the circumference containing the center line of punches 18 and 24 and on this circumference are located apart the distance separating two adjacent molds 22. The location of nozzles 70 and 72 with relation to the sequential operation of the tabletting machine is shown in FIGURE 3 where the position of these nozzles are indicated by the circles indicated at 70 and 72, respectively. As shown best in FIGURE 4, nozzle 70 is directed downwardly so as to spray the gas-lubricant aerosol into molds 22 and nozzle 72 is directed upwardly so as to direct the spray against punches 18.
It is advantageous to have the punches and interiors of the molds finished with porous chromium plating which retains the lubricant in an improved manner making it possible to apply the lubricant less frequently.
With reference to the previous description of the op eration of the tabletting machine and the showing of FIGURE 3, it will be seen that nozzle 72 is positioned so as to spray punches 18 when they are in their elevated position. Similarly, nozzle 7% is positioned to spray downwardly into molds 22 when punches 24 are fully retracted. It will be appreciated that both spray nozzles are positioned in advance of wall 46 of frame 38 and hence in no way interfere with the filling of mold 22 with the tablet mix.
In operation, the machine 2 is run until timer T is perative to open valve 55 to actuate spraying of the gaslubricant aerosol through nozzles 7t) and 72, timer T keeping valve 55 open during one complete revolution of head 10. The tablet mix free of lubricant is then supplied by means of supply hopper 44 and tablets are produced in the conventional manner. After, for example, 250 revolutions of head 10, timer T actuates valve 55 to spray the aerosol during another complete revolution of head during which revolution tablets will continue to be formed. The operation is repeated until the desired number of tablets are formed.
From the above it will be understood that the method of this invention comprises the steps of forming a tablet in a tablet compressing machine of the type having a mold and punch means adapted to cooperate with the mold wherein the punch means and interior of the mold are periodically sprayed with a tablet lubricant in a spray.
It is not desired to be limited except as set forth in the following claims.
What is claimed is:
l. The steps in the method of forming a pharmaceutical tablet in a tablet compressing machine of the type having a mold and punch means adapted to cooperate with the mold, comprising periodically spraying the punch means and the interior of the mold with a pharmaceutical tablet lubricant in an aerosol spray, repeatedly introducing a pharmaceutical tablet mix substantially free of tablet lubricant into the mold and compressing the mix with the punch means to form a tablet.
2. In a rotating tableting machine having means for rotating a plurality of molds and a plurality of punches for cooperation with said molds, means to feed a tablet mix into the molds, means to retract the punches to permit the feeding of material into the molds and means to advance the punches to compress material fed into the molds, the improvement comprising porous metal plating on the molding surfaces of the punches and the molds for the storage of a lubricant, means including a valve to spray a tablet lubricant on the said molding surfaces with the punches retracted and control means including a timer to maintain the valve normally closed during the rotation of the molds and punches and to periodically open said valve for at least one complete rotation of the molds and punches.
3. The improvement of claim 2 in which the metal is chromium.
4. In a rotating tableting machine having means for rotating a plurality of molds and a plurality of sets of upper and lower punches for cooperation with said molds, means to feed a tablet mix into the molds, means to retract the punches to permit the feeding of material into the molds and means to advance the punches to compress material fed into the molds, the improvement comprising porous chromium plating on the molding surfaces of the punches and the molds for the storage of a lubricant, means including a valve and a pair of nozzles positioned between the plane of the upper ends of the molds and the plane of the retracted lower ends of the upper punches to spray a tablet lubricant on the said molding surfaces with the punches retracted and control means including a timer to maintain the valve normally closed during the rotation of the molds and punches and to periodically open said valve for at least one complete rotation of the molds and punches.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 299,514 Brecht June 3, 1884 687,688 Klay Nov. 26, 1901 2,043,086 Westin June 2, 1936 2,638,654 Jordan May 19, 1953 3,029,752 Frank Apr. 17, 1962
Claims (1)
1. THE STEPS IN THE METHOD OF FORMING A PHARMACEUTICAL TABLET IN A TABLET COMPRESSING MACHINE OF THE TYPE HAVING A MOLD AND PUNCH MEANS ADAPTED TO COOPERATE WITH THE MOLD, COMPRISING PERIODICALLY SPRAYING THE PUNCH MEANS AND THE INTERIOR OF THE MOLD WITH A PHARMACEUTICAL TABLET LUBRICANT IN AN AEROSOL SPRAY, REPEATEDLY INTRODUCING A PHARMACEUTICAL TABLET MIX SUBSTANTIALLY FREE OF TABLET LUBRICANT INTO THE MOLD AND COMPRESSING THE MIX WITH THE PUNCH MEANS TO FORM A TABLET.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US200468A US3158111A (en) | 1962-06-06 | 1962-06-06 | Method and apparatus for forming tablets |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US200468A US3158111A (en) | 1962-06-06 | 1962-06-06 | Method and apparatus for forming tablets |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3158111A true US3158111A (en) | 1964-11-24 |
Family
ID=22741852
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US200468A Expired - Lifetime US3158111A (en) | 1962-06-06 | 1962-06-06 | Method and apparatus for forming tablets |
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3408963A (en) * | 1967-05-02 | 1968-11-05 | Pennsalt Chemicals Corp | Tablet machine |
US3461195A (en) * | 1965-06-04 | 1969-08-12 | Carlo Sebastiani | Spraying method and apparatus to lubricate punch surfaces of tabletting machines |
US3918873A (en) * | 1973-11-17 | 1975-11-11 | Manesty Machines | Tabletting machines |
FR2387764A1 (en) * | 1977-04-20 | 1978-11-17 | Thomae Gmbh Dr K | PROCESS FOR SPRAYING A COATING ON THE COMPRESSOR TOOLS OF MACHINERY MANUFACTURING MOLDED ARTICLES |
DE2830287A1 (en) * | 1977-07-11 | 1979-01-25 | Upjohn Co | FEED FRAME FOR TABLETING MACHINE |
USRE30319E (en) * | 1973-11-17 | 1980-07-01 | Manesty Machines, Ltd. | Tabletting machines |
DE3026058A1 (en) * | 1979-07-13 | 1981-06-04 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING MEDICAL TABLETS |
US4388343A (en) * | 1978-11-04 | 1983-06-14 | Boehringer Ingelheim Gmbh | Method and apparatus for lubricating molding tools |
EP0417406A2 (en) * | 1989-09-09 | 1991-03-20 | Wilhelm Fette GmbH | Rotary tabletting machine |
US5017122A (en) * | 1985-12-10 | 1991-05-21 | University Of Bath | Lubricating rotary tablet press |
US5407339A (en) * | 1993-09-27 | 1995-04-18 | Vector Corporation | Triturate tablet machine |
US20180154600A1 (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-07 | Fette Compacting Gmbh | Method and system for feeding a lubricating or releasing agent to pressing tools of a tablet press |
FR3073227A1 (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2019-05-10 | Medelpharm | LUBRICATING COMPOSITION FOR A PRESS TO BE COMPRESSED |
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US299514A (en) * | 1884-06-03 | brecht | ||
US687688A (en) * | 1901-07-20 | 1901-11-26 | Klay Company Ab | Machine for pressing plastic substances. |
US2043086A (en) * | 1934-04-07 | 1936-06-02 | Stokes Machine Co | Tablet compressing machine |
US2638654A (en) * | 1951-01-18 | 1953-05-19 | Shenango Pottery Company | Automatic ware pressing machine |
US3029752A (en) * | 1959-07-20 | 1962-04-17 | Stokes F J Corp | Tablet making machine |
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US299514A (en) * | 1884-06-03 | brecht | ||
US687688A (en) * | 1901-07-20 | 1901-11-26 | Klay Company Ab | Machine for pressing plastic substances. |
US2043086A (en) * | 1934-04-07 | 1936-06-02 | Stokes Machine Co | Tablet compressing machine |
US2638654A (en) * | 1951-01-18 | 1953-05-19 | Shenango Pottery Company | Automatic ware pressing machine |
US3029752A (en) * | 1959-07-20 | 1962-04-17 | Stokes F J Corp | Tablet making machine |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3461195A (en) * | 1965-06-04 | 1969-08-12 | Carlo Sebastiani | Spraying method and apparatus to lubricate punch surfaces of tabletting machines |
US3408963A (en) * | 1967-05-02 | 1968-11-05 | Pennsalt Chemicals Corp | Tablet machine |
US3918873A (en) * | 1973-11-17 | 1975-11-11 | Manesty Machines | Tabletting machines |
USRE30319E (en) * | 1973-11-17 | 1980-07-01 | Manesty Machines, Ltd. | Tabletting machines |
FR2387764A1 (en) * | 1977-04-20 | 1978-11-17 | Thomae Gmbh Dr K | PROCESS FOR SPRAYING A COATING ON THE COMPRESSOR TOOLS OF MACHINERY MANUFACTURING MOLDED ARTICLES |
DE2830287A1 (en) * | 1977-07-11 | 1979-01-25 | Upjohn Co | FEED FRAME FOR TABLETING MACHINE |
US4157148A (en) * | 1977-07-11 | 1979-06-05 | The Upjohn Company | Modified feed frames for tableting machine |
US4388343A (en) * | 1978-11-04 | 1983-06-14 | Boehringer Ingelheim Gmbh | Method and apparatus for lubricating molding tools |
DE3026058A1 (en) * | 1979-07-13 | 1981-06-04 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING MEDICAL TABLETS |
US5017122A (en) * | 1985-12-10 | 1991-05-21 | University Of Bath | Lubricating rotary tablet press |
EP0417406A2 (en) * | 1989-09-09 | 1991-03-20 | Wilhelm Fette GmbH | Rotary tabletting machine |
EP0417406A3 (en) * | 1989-09-09 | 1991-08-28 | Wilhelm Fette Gmbh | Rotary tabletting machine |
US5407339A (en) * | 1993-09-27 | 1995-04-18 | Vector Corporation | Triturate tablet machine |
US20180154600A1 (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-07 | Fette Compacting Gmbh | Method and system for feeding a lubricating or releasing agent to pressing tools of a tablet press |
US10967597B2 (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2021-04-06 | Fette Compacting Gmbh | Method and system for feeding a lubricating or releasing agent to pressing tools of a tablet press |
FR3073227A1 (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2019-05-10 | Medelpharm | LUBRICATING COMPOSITION FOR A PRESS TO BE COMPRESSED |
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