US3125733A - Transmission line having high attenuation for radiant - Google Patents
Transmission line having high attenuation for radiant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3125733A US3125733A US3125733DA US3125733A US 3125733 A US3125733 A US 3125733A US 3125733D A US3125733D A US 3125733DA US 3125733 A US3125733 A US 3125733A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- conductor
- helically
- transmission line
- dissipative material
- high frequency
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 84
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- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002238 attenuated Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000529 magnetic ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Stearic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000002633 protecting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001702 transmitter Effects 0.000 description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lead(II) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001021 Polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
Definitions
- FIG. 2 E HAVING TTENUATION TRANSMISSION LIN ENERGY INDUCE H A FOR RA NT D HIGH F UENCY CURRE USEF IN DETONATIO IRCUI Filed Nov. 1960 FIG. 2
- This invention relates to electrical transmission lines, and more particularly relates to transmission lines wherein high frequency electrical energy is attenuated and lower frequency energy is transmitted with minimum power attenuation.
- the characteristic feature of the embodiments of this invention is the provision of two conductors, at least one of which is helically wound to provide a high inductive reactance in the circuit and which is separated from the other conductor by a resistive material, which is preferably, of high magnetic permeability.
- electrical transmission lines for low-frequency energy that strongly attenuate electromagnetic energy of high frequency that is propagated in the line for use on aircraft equipped with electrically detonated armament when the aircraft are situated in the vicinity of high-frequency transmitters. It is possible that electrical conductors used for detonating explosive charges may receive sufficient electromagnetic radiant energy from radio or radar transmitters to cause sufficient current to be induced to detonate armament explosives.
- the transmission lines of this invention cause highfrequency energy to be attenuated without causing appreciable power loss at lower frequencies.
- one conductor is helically wound around another conductor and is separated therefrom by means of electrically resistive material which is preferably characterized by high magnetic permeability.
- two helical conductors are separated by means of beads of similar material.
- FIGURE 1 is an elevation of one embodiment of a transmission line of this invention which causes highfrequency energy to be attenuated;
- FIGURE 2 is an elevation of another embodiment of a transmission line of this invention which causes highfrequency current therein to be attenuated.
- high-frequency current ie 100 kc. or greater
- enables lower frequency current to pass therethrough substantially without attenuation thereby protecting the circuit from accidental activation when the armament is in a state of readiness for firing.
- Equation 1 The series reactance is proportional to the series inductance (L) and the frequency (f) in the line.
- a large inductance characteristic is conveniently provided by utilizing a helical conductor.
- the inductance'of the conductor is proportional to the product of the current and the number of turns in the conductor as is well known.
- a large series inductance and high-frequency therefor tends to produce a large attenuation.
- the bracketed term of Equation 1 must also be large if a large attenuation is to be realized, and in general, this implies that between the conductors of a transmission line there must be a medium having a relatively large conductance.
- FIGURES 1 and 2 are shown two configurations of conductors that provide high 'frequency attenuation in a transmission line. Both configurations utilize solenoidal conductors to provide the necessary inductance therein.
- transmission line 10 comprising conductor 11 embedded in electrically resistive material 12 with conductor 13 wound axially therearound. Material 12 is slotted in a connoidal configuration between windings of conductor 13 so that adjacent windings of conductor 13 are not short-circuited by conductive material 12.
- the configuration shown in FIGURE 1 may be easily fabricated and provides a safe and effective highfrequency attenuating transmission line.
- Material 12 may be any lossy material, as for example, a material of the following formulation:
- non-conductive or slightly conductive material having high magnetic permeability is incorporated into material 12 to improve the attenuation characteristic of the line at high frequencies.
- ferrite granules may be added although such materials are not essential for operability, to the above material, or alternatively discs of ferrite or other magnetic non-conductive material may be alternated with discs of the above material along the length of the lines.
- Other materials which may be used include other polymer-ic synthetic resins which are filled with carbon black such as polyethylene, polytetraclrloroethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, and other resins which are known as dielectric material for use in electrical equipment and which may be compounded with carbon black to render them conductive and dissipative may be used instead of the above compounded composition. Foamed resins may also be used when mixed with carbon black, powdered lead sulfide or other conductive or semi-conductive powdered materials.
- Sheath 14 of dielectric material such as natural or synthetic rubber, polyvinylchloride or other conventional electrical cable sheathing may be provided as an outer casing on transmission line If desired, metallic braid or other operable strengthening or protective material may be placed on the outside of the cable in operable manner.
- the slots in material 12 may be filled with a dielectric material such as polymeric synthetic resin or natural or synthetic rubber or other material which is preferably resilient and flexible.
- FIGURE 2 is shown another embodiment of a transmission line of this invention wherein transmission line 15 comprises two solenoidal conductors 1'6 and 17 disposed in side by side relationship and separated by intermittently spaced beads 18 of electrically resistive, preferably high magnetic permeability material such as synthetic polymeric resins filled with carbon black and ferrite or the like, or with carbon black or other resistive material alone in non-preferred embodiments.
- the conductors 16 and 17 and beads 18 are embedded in dielectric material 19 such as natural or synthetic rubber, synthetic (resin or other conventional cable insulating material. If it is desired, each conductor 16 and 17 may be insulated separately and connected together by means of beads 18'.
- a centrally disposed linear metal conductor a conductive high frequency dissipative material surrounding said central conductor, a helicallyformed conductor disposed substantially symmetrically about said central conductor and extending longitudinally along the length thereof, said helicallyformed conductor adding inductive reactance to the circuit and being embedded in said dissipative material, said dissipative material having a helically configured slot in the outer periphery thereof extending between successive turns of said helically-formed conductor thereby providing a dielectric gap between turns of said helically-formed conductor said slot being filled with dielectric material.
- said dissipative material comprises a resistive material and a substantially non-conductive, high magnetic permeability material.
Description
March 17,1964 D. G. HOLINBECK 3,125,733
E HAVING TTENUATION TRANSMISSION LIN ENERGY INDUCE H A FOR RA NT D HIGH F UENCY CURRE USEF IN DETONATIO IRCUI Filed Nov. 1960 FIG. 2
INVENTOR. DALE G. HOLINBECK ATTORNEY United States Patent TRANSMISSION LINE HAVING HIGH ATTENUA- This invention relates to electrical transmission lines, and more particularly relates to transmission lines wherein high frequency electrical energy is attenuated and lower frequency energy is transmitted with minimum power attenuation. The characteristic feature of the embodiments of this invention is the provision of two conductors, at least one of which is helically wound to provide a high inductive reactance in the circuit and which is separated from the other conductor by a resistive material, which is preferably, of high magnetic permeability.
It is desirable to provide electrical transmission lines for low-frequency energy that strongly attenuate electromagnetic energy of high frequency that is propagated in the line, for use on aircraft equipped with electrically detonated armament when the aircraft are situated in the vicinity of high-frequency transmitters. It is possible that electrical conductors used for detonating explosive charges may receive sufficient electromagnetic radiant energy from radio or radar transmitters to cause sufficient current to be induced to detonate armament explosives.
The transmission lines of this invention cause highfrequency energy to be attenuated without causing appreciable power loss at lower frequencies. In one embodiment of the invention one conductor is helically wound around another conductor and is separated therefrom by means of electrically resistive material which is preferably characterized by high magnetic permeability. In another embodiment of the invention two helical conductors are separated by means of beads of similar material.
It is an object of this invention to provide electrical transmission lines which pass low-frequency energy without appreciable power attenuation and which attenuate high-frequency energy.
It is another object of this invention to provide a simply constructed transmission line which attenuates high-frequency electrical energy.
Other objects will become apparent from the drawings and from the following detailed description in which it is intended to illustrate the applicability of the invention without thereby limiting its scope to less than that of all equivalents which will be apparent to one skilled in the art. In the drawings like reference numerals refer to like parts and:
FIGURE 1 is an elevation of one embodiment of a transmission line of this invention which causes highfrequency energy to be attenuated;
FIGURE 2 is an elevation of another embodiment of a transmission line of this invention which causes highfrequency current therein to be attenuated.
Present-day military armaments are extensively provided with electric detonating devices for igniting explosive charges. The circuitry is usually of such character that live armament is fired when a relatively low-voltage, high-current pulse is produced in the detonator. in many field armaments, such as recoilless rifles, and in aircraft armaments it is impractical or undesirable to provide a high-voltage, high-current pulse for detonating the explosive because the electrical power-pack must be lightweight and easily portable. However, it is necessary to provide protection against accidental detonation by relatively highintensity electro-magnetic energy induced from radio and 3,125,733 Patented Mar. 17, 1964 "ice radar equipment. Consequently, conventional conductors, cables and transmission lines may be exposed to sufiicient elect-ro-magnetic radiation to have induced therein currents of a magnitude suificient to electrically detonate armaments.
The spurious electro-magnetic radiation to which firing circuit conductors are exposed is characteristically highfrequency radiation of =kilocyoles or greater. To protect electrically detonated military armament from accidental firing it is desirable to provide a transmission line which attenuates the high-frequency current, ie 100 kc. or greater, which is induced therein, but which enables lower frequency current to pass therethrough substantially without attenuation, thereby protecting the circuit from accidental activation when the armament is in a state of readiness for firing.
If a closely spaced two conductor transmission line has negligible series resistance (R), but has appreciable series reactance (X), shunt susceptance (B) and shunt conductance (G), the expression for the attenuation constant of the line is:
X =21rfL (2) The series reactance is proportional to the series inductance (L) and the frequency (f) in the line. A large inductance characteristic is conveniently provided by utilizing a helical conductor. The inductance'of the conductor is proportional to the product of the current and the number of turns in the conductor as is well known. A large series inductance and high-frequency therefor tends to produce a large attenuation. The bracketed term of Equation 1 must also be large if a large attenuation is to be realized, and in general, this implies that between the conductors of a transmission line there must be a medium having a relatively large conductance. How ever, if a medium which has a large conductance is provided between windings of a helically Wound conductor, the conductor will be shorted out and the attenuation may not be much greater than that which is obtained from the use of low-inductance conductors.
In FIGURES 1 and 2 are shown two configurations of conductors that provide high 'frequency attenuation in a transmission line. Both configurations utilize solenoidal conductors to provide the necessary inductance therein. In FIGURE 1 is shown transmission line 10 comprising conductor 11 embedded in electrically resistive material 12 with conductor 13 wound axially therearound. Material 12 is slotted in a connoidal configuration between windings of conductor 13 so that adjacent windings of conductor 13 are not short-circuited by conductive material 12. The configuration shown in FIGURE 1 may be easily fabricated and provides a safe and effective highfrequency attenuating transmission line.
Parts Polysulfide resin 100 Carbon black 6O Stearic acid 1 Zinc peroxide 4 Calcium hydroxide 1 In preferred embodiments of this invention non-conductive or slightly conductive material having high magnetic permeability is incorporated into material 12 to improve the attenuation characteristic of the line at high frequencies. Thus, ferrite granules may be added although such materials are not essential for operability, to the above material, or alternatively discs of ferrite or other magnetic non-conductive material may be alternated with discs of the above material along the length of the lines.
Other materials which may be used include other polymer-ic synthetic resins which are filled with carbon black such as polyethylene, polytetraclrloroethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, and other resins which are known as dielectric material for use in electrical equipment and which may be compounded with carbon black to render them conductive and dissipative may be used instead of the above compounded composition. Foamed resins may also be used when mixed with carbon black, powdered lead sulfide or other conductive or semi-conductive powdered materials. Sheath 14 of dielectric material such as natural or synthetic rubber, polyvinylchloride or other conventional electrical cable sheathing may be provided as an outer casing on transmission line If desired, metallic braid or other operable strengthening or protective material may be placed on the outside of the cable in operable manner. The slots in material 12 may be filled with a dielectric material such as polymeric synthetic resin or natural or synthetic rubber or other material which is preferably resilient and flexible.
In FIGURE 2 is shown another embodiment of a transmission line of this invention wherein transmission line 15 comprises two solenoidal conductors 1'6 and 17 disposed in side by side relationship and separated by intermittently spaced beads 18 of electrically resistive, preferably high magnetic permeability material such as synthetic polymeric resins filled with carbon black and ferrite or the like, or with carbon black or other resistive material alone in non-preferred embodiments. The conductors 16 and 17 and beads 18 are embedded in dielectric material 19 such as natural or synthetic rubber, synthetic (resin or other conventional cable insulating material. If it is desired, each conductor 16 and 17 may be insulated separately and connected together by means of beads 18'. While certain modifications and embodiments of the invention have been described, it is of course to be understood that there are a great number of variations which will suggest themselves to anyone familiar with the subject matter thereof and it is to be distinctly understood that this invention should not be limited except by such limitations as are clearly imposed in the appended claims.
I claim:
1. In electrical transmission lines for attenuating high frequency currents Without appreciable loss at low frequencies, the combination of a centrally disposed linear metal conductor, a conductive high frequency dissipative material surrounding said central conductor, a helicallyformed conductor disposed substantially symmetrically about said central conductor and extending longitudinally along the length thereof, said helicallyformed conductor adding inductive reactance to the circuit and being embedded in said dissipative material, said dissipative material having a helically configured slot in the outer periphery thereof extending between successive turns of said helically-formed conductor thereby providing a dielectric gap between turns of said helically-formed conductor said slot being filled with dielectric material.
2. The article of claim 1 wherein said dissipative material is synthetic resin filled with carbon black.
3. The article of claim 1 wherein said dissipative material comprises a resistive material and a substantially non-conductive, high magnetic permeability material.
4. The article of claim 1 provided with a protective casing therearound.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,228,797 Wasserman Jan. 14, 1941 2,238,915 Peters Apr. 22, 1941 2,304,210 Scott Dec. 8, 1942 2,322,773 Peters June 29, 1943 2,387,783 Tawney' Oct. 30, 1945 2,622,152 Rosch Dec. 16, 1952 2,769,149 Kreer Oct. 30, 1956 3,035,237 Shlicke May 15, 1962 3,081,439 Bennett Mar. 12, 1963 FOREIGN PATENTS 571,590 Belgium Sept. 29, 1958
Claims (1)
1. IN ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION LINES FOR ATTENDING HIGH FREQUENCY CURRENTS WITHOUT APPRECIABLE LOSS AT LOW FREQUENCIES, THE COMBINATION OF A CENTRALLY DISPOSED LINEAR METAL CONDUCTOR, A CONDUCTIVE HIGH FREQUENCY DISSIPATIVE MATERIAL SURROUNDING SAID CENTRAL CONDUCTOR, A HELICALLYFORMED CONDUCTOR DISPOSED SUBSTANTIALLY SYMMETRICALLY ABOUT SAID CENTRAL CONDUCTOR AND EXTENDING LONGITUDINALLY ALONG THE LENGTH THEREOF, SAID HELICALLY-FORMED CONDUCTOR ADDING INDUCTIVE REACTANCE TO THE CIRCUIT AND BEING EMBEDDED IN SAID DISSIPATIVE MATERIAL, SAID DISSIPATIVE MATERIAL HAVING A HELICALLY CONFIGURED SLOT IN THE OUTER PERIPHERY THEREOF EXTENDING BETWEEN SUCCESSIVE TURNS OF SAID HELICALLY-FORMED CONDUCTOR THEREBY PROVIDING A DIELECTRIC GAP BETWEEN TURNS OF SAID HELICALLY-FORMED CONDUCTOR SAID SLOT BEING FILLED WITH DIELECTRIC MATERIAL.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3125733A true US3125733A (en) | 1964-03-17 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US3125733D Expired - Lifetime US3125733A (en) | Transmission line having high attenuation for radiant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3125733A (en) |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3297969A (en) * | 1964-02-12 | 1967-01-10 | Gen Instrument Corp | Low pass filter which dissipatively and reactively attenuates high frequencies |
| US3309633A (en) * | 1963-01-10 | 1967-03-14 | Mayer Ferdy | Anti-parasite electric cable |
| US3324426A (en) * | 1964-10-08 | 1967-06-06 | Brueckmann Helmut | Variable impedance transmission line |
| US3371294A (en) * | 1963-02-21 | 1968-02-27 | Sperry Rand Corp | Lumped constant delay line |
| US3380004A (en) * | 1959-01-20 | 1968-04-23 | Mcmillan Corp Of North Carolin | Aperiodic low-pass filter |
| US3425004A (en) * | 1963-11-29 | 1969-01-28 | Mc Donnell Douglas Corp | Radio frequency energy attenuator |
| US3435386A (en) * | 1964-11-30 | 1969-03-25 | Dale Electronics | Series resonant trap and method of making same |
| US3493900A (en) * | 1965-11-15 | 1970-02-03 | Warwick Electronics Inc | Line radiation filter |
| US3573676A (en) * | 1964-11-26 | 1971-04-06 | Ferdy Mayer | Elements for the transmission of electrical energy |
| US3704434A (en) * | 1971-04-20 | 1972-11-28 | Donald A Schlachter | Skin effect rf bridge filter |
| US3793599A (en) * | 1973-01-26 | 1974-02-19 | Princeton Applied Res Corp | Rotating capacitor square wave filter and applications thereof |
| US3806841A (en) * | 1973-01-29 | 1974-04-23 | Allis Chalmers | Frequency-sensitive resistor and electrical transmission system embodying such resistor |
| US5367956A (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1994-11-29 | Fogle, Jr.; Homer W. | Hermetically-sealed electrically-absorptive low-pass radio frequency filters and electro-magnetically lossy ceramic materials for said filters |
| US10180309B1 (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2019-01-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Electromagnetic pulse transmitter muzzle adaptor |
| US10408579B1 (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2019-09-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Directed energy modification to M4A1 blank firing adaptor (BFA) |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE571590A (en) * | ||||
| US2228797A (en) * | 1937-05-24 | 1941-01-14 | Company Le Conducteur Electr B | Manufacture of telephone cables |
| US2238915A (en) * | 1937-10-13 | 1941-04-22 | Titeflex Metal Hose Co | Electric filter |
| US2304210A (en) * | 1939-04-14 | 1942-12-08 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Insulated electric cable |
| US2322773A (en) * | 1941-07-28 | 1943-06-29 | Melville F Peters | Electrical conductor |
| US2387783A (en) * | 1943-02-01 | 1945-10-30 | Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc | Transmission line |
| US2622152A (en) * | 1946-09-21 | 1952-12-16 | Anaconda Wire & Cable Co | High attenuation coaxial cable |
| US2769149A (en) * | 1956-10-30 | Spirally wound composite electrical conductor | ||
| US3035237A (en) * | 1958-03-10 | 1962-05-15 | Allen Bradley Co | Feed-through capacitor |
| US3081439A (en) * | 1955-06-22 | 1963-03-12 | Capehart Corp | Electromagnetic delay lines |
-
0
- US US3125733D patent/US3125733A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE571590A (en) * | ||||
| US2769149A (en) * | 1956-10-30 | Spirally wound composite electrical conductor | ||
| US2228797A (en) * | 1937-05-24 | 1941-01-14 | Company Le Conducteur Electr B | Manufacture of telephone cables |
| US2238915A (en) * | 1937-10-13 | 1941-04-22 | Titeflex Metal Hose Co | Electric filter |
| US2304210A (en) * | 1939-04-14 | 1942-12-08 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Insulated electric cable |
| US2322773A (en) * | 1941-07-28 | 1943-06-29 | Melville F Peters | Electrical conductor |
| US2387783A (en) * | 1943-02-01 | 1945-10-30 | Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc | Transmission line |
| US2622152A (en) * | 1946-09-21 | 1952-12-16 | Anaconda Wire & Cable Co | High attenuation coaxial cable |
| US3081439A (en) * | 1955-06-22 | 1963-03-12 | Capehart Corp | Electromagnetic delay lines |
| US3035237A (en) * | 1958-03-10 | 1962-05-15 | Allen Bradley Co | Feed-through capacitor |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3380004A (en) * | 1959-01-20 | 1968-04-23 | Mcmillan Corp Of North Carolin | Aperiodic low-pass filter |
| US3309633A (en) * | 1963-01-10 | 1967-03-14 | Mayer Ferdy | Anti-parasite electric cable |
| US3371294A (en) * | 1963-02-21 | 1968-02-27 | Sperry Rand Corp | Lumped constant delay line |
| US3425004A (en) * | 1963-11-29 | 1969-01-28 | Mc Donnell Douglas Corp | Radio frequency energy attenuator |
| US3297969A (en) * | 1964-02-12 | 1967-01-10 | Gen Instrument Corp | Low pass filter which dissipatively and reactively attenuates high frequencies |
| US3324426A (en) * | 1964-10-08 | 1967-06-06 | Brueckmann Helmut | Variable impedance transmission line |
| US3573676A (en) * | 1964-11-26 | 1971-04-06 | Ferdy Mayer | Elements for the transmission of electrical energy |
| US3435386A (en) * | 1964-11-30 | 1969-03-25 | Dale Electronics | Series resonant trap and method of making same |
| US3493900A (en) * | 1965-11-15 | 1970-02-03 | Warwick Electronics Inc | Line radiation filter |
| US3704434A (en) * | 1971-04-20 | 1972-11-28 | Donald A Schlachter | Skin effect rf bridge filter |
| US3793599A (en) * | 1973-01-26 | 1974-02-19 | Princeton Applied Res Corp | Rotating capacitor square wave filter and applications thereof |
| US3806841A (en) * | 1973-01-29 | 1974-04-23 | Allis Chalmers | Frequency-sensitive resistor and electrical transmission system embodying such resistor |
| US5367956A (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1994-11-29 | Fogle, Jr.; Homer W. | Hermetically-sealed electrically-absorptive low-pass radio frequency filters and electro-magnetically lossy ceramic materials for said filters |
| US10180309B1 (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2019-01-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Electromagnetic pulse transmitter muzzle adaptor |
| US10408579B1 (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2019-09-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Directed energy modification to M4A1 blank firing adaptor (BFA) |
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