US3044937A - Process and composition for examining eyes with fluorescent vitamin b - Google Patents
Process and composition for examining eyes with fluorescent vitamin b Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3044937A US3044937A US29166A US2916660A US3044937A US 3044937 A US3044937 A US 3044937A US 29166 A US29166 A US 29166A US 2916660 A US2916660 A US 2916660A US 3044937 A US3044937 A US 3044937A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- vitamin
- solution
- eyes
- fluorescent
- examining
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 title description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 title description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 title description 2
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 description 13
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- FVTCRASFADXXNN-SCRDCRAPSA-N flavin mononucleotide Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O FVTCRASFADXXNN-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940020947 fluorescein sodium Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000019192 riboflavin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229950001574 riboflavin phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229960004926 chlorobutanol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960002143 fluorescein Drugs 0.000 description 2
- JCIIKRHCWVHVFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-amine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NC1=NC=NS1 JCIIKRHCWVHVFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090248 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009982 effect on human Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000344 non-irritating Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940096826 phenylmercuric acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PDTFCHSETJBPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmercuric nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Hg]C1=CC=CC=C1 PDTFCHSETJBPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019980 sodium acid phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/525—Isoalloxazines, e.g. riboflavins, vitamin B2
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0048—Eye, e.g. artificial tears
Definitions
- fluorescein sodium resorcinol phth-alein
- fluorescein sodium is a synthetic aromatic chemical and such chemicals are under suspicion as being carcinogenic.
- fluorescein sodium is somewhat'limited in its activity and normally must be used in a well-darkened room with ultraviolet light passing through an eflicient filter.
- fluorescein stains human skin, as well as fabrics, and is diflicult to remove. Further, fluorescein solutions are useless when fitting tinted contact lenses.
- one object of the present invention is to provide a method of eye examination and fluorescent solution using a naturally-occurring component of'all animal bodies and which is tolerant of the presence of visible light.
- a buffered fluorescent solution which is substantially nonirritating.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a fluorescent solution which has little, if any, staining effect on human skin or clothing.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a solution suitable for use when fitting tinted contact lenses.
- a solution of vitamin B riboflavin or preferably a derivative thereof, such as riboflavin S-phosphate sodium or riboflavin phosphate monodiethanolamine, isinstilled into the eye and then the eye examination, such as a search for a foreign body or the fitting of contact lenses, can proceed under an incandescent light source equipped with a proper filter and the vitamin B will fiuoresce and delineate any irregularities.
- vitamin B riboflavin
- a derivative thereof such as riboflavin S-phosphate sodium or riboflavin phosphate monodiethanolamine
- vitamin B as such can be used, it is sparingly soluble in water and it is normally preferred to use vitamin B phosphate sodium.
- the monodiethanolamiue salt may be used also.
- concentration of the vitamin B compound is not critical and can vary from 0.01% up to the solubility limit of the particular compound employed. It is normally preferred to employ a solution containing about 2.0% of the vitamin B compound.
- the solution employed may consist merely of vitamin B or a derivative dissolved in water, but it ,is normally preferred to render it approximately isotonic by means well known to those skilled in the art. It is also preferred to employ a buffering agent and to adjust the pH to substantially neutral, i.e. about pH 7, although the pH can vary from about 6.8 to 8.
- a preservative may be added such as a preservative. It is not necessary to add the preservative but it is desirable in many instances, particularly when the solution is packaged in a form suitable for a number of treatments.
- preservative is ordinarily not necessary when packaged in single dosage containers. Suitable preservatives include phenylmercuric acetate, phenylmercuric nitrate, chlorobutanol, esters of parahydroxy benzoic acid, and the like.
- a chelating agent such as a Versene (e.g. disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate), particularly if heavy metals are present in the Water which is used.
- a chelating agent such as a Versene (e.g. disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate), particularly if heavy metals are present in the Water which is used.
- Example 1 The following solution was prepared (all parts by weight):
- Example 2 The following solution was prepared (all parts by weight):
- the process of examining eyes comprising: instilling in the eye an aqueous solution of a member selected from the group consisting of vitamin B and Water-soluble salts of vitamin B and examining the eye under an incandescent source employing a suitable filter in the absence of suflicient visual light to obscure the fluorescent effect.
- a solution for the examination of eyes comprising an isotonic aqueous solution of a member selected from the group consisting of vitamin B and Water-soluble salts of vitamin B wherein said solution contains at least 0.01% of said member.
Description
United States Patent ()iifice spa-4,937 PROCESS AND COMPOSETEON FOR EXAMENENG EYES WHTH FLUGRESfiENT VITAMIN E Joseph Z. Krezanosiri, Sunnyvale, Calitl, assignor to gBarn es-Hind Laboratories, inc, a corporation of Qaliornia No Drawing. Filed May 16, 1960, Ser. No. 29,166 6 Claims. (Cl. 16781) This invention relates to a method of examining eyes and particularly relates to a method of examining eyes utilizing a fluorescent substance under the influence of incandescent light source equipped with a suitable filter.
It has heretofore been universal practice in the examination of eyes to use fluorescein sodium (resorcinol phth-alein) under selected wave lengths of ultraviolet light for the delineation of cuts or abrasions, for the location of foreign bodies and for the filling of contact lenses. Although this compound gives reasonably satisfactory results, it is not considered fully satisfactory for all purposes. For one thing, fluorescein sodium is a synthetic aromatic chemical and such chemicals are under suspicion as being carcinogenic. Further, fluorescein sodium is somewhat'limited in its activity and normally must be used in a well-darkened room with ultraviolet light passing through an eflicient filter. Another drawback is that fluorescein stains human skin, as well as fabrics, and is diflicult to remove. Further, fluorescein solutions are useless when fitting tinted contact lenses.
Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a method of eye examination and fluorescent solution using a naturally-occurring component of'all animal bodies and which is tolerant of the presence of visible light.
According to another object of this invention, a buffered fluorescent solution is provided which is substantially nonirritating.
A further object of the invention is to provide a fluorescent solution which has little, if any, staining effect on human skin or clothing.
Another object of the invention is to provide a solution suitable for use when fitting tinted contact lenses.
Other objects and features of advantage will be apparent from the balance of the specification.
According to the present invention, a solution of vitamin B (riboflavin) or preferably a derivative thereof, such as riboflavin S-phosphate sodium or riboflavin phosphate monodiethanolamine, isinstilled into the eye and then the eye examination, such as a search for a foreign body or the fitting of contact lenses, can proceed under an incandescent light source equipped with a proper filter and the vitamin B will fiuoresce and delineate any irregularities.
Although vitamin B as such can be used, it is sparingly soluble in water and it is normally preferred to use vitamin B phosphate sodium. The monodiethanolamiue salt may be used also. The concentration of the vitamin B compound is not critical and can vary from 0.01% up to the solubility limit of the particular compound employed. It is normally preferred to employ a solution containing about 2.0% of the vitamin B compound.
The solution employed may consist merely of vitamin B or a derivative dissolved in water, but it ,is normally preferred to render it approximately isotonic by means well known to those skilled in the art. It is also preferred to employ a buffering agent and to adjust the pH to substantially neutral, i.e. about pH 7, although the pH can vary from about 6.8 to 8.
Other agents may be added such as a preservative. It is not necessary to add the preservative but it is desirable in many instances, particularly when the solution is packaged in a form suitable for a number of treatments. The
preservative is ordinarily not necessary when packaged in single dosage containers. Suitable preservatives include phenylmercuric acetate, phenylmercuric nitrate, chlorobutanol, esters of parahydroxy benzoic acid, and the like.
In some instances it is also desirable to incorporate a chelating agent, such as a Versene (e.g. disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate), particularly if heavy metals are present in the Water which is used.
Although it has heretofore been known that riboflavin is fluorescent, it has not been recognized that it was useful in eye examinations. Many substances fluoresce, yet few possess the property of delineating irregularities in proteinaceous matter and the exact mechanism of such delineation is not understood.
The following non-limiting examples illustrate preferred methods of practicing the invention: I
Example 1 The following solution was prepared (all parts by weight):
Riboflavin-5'-phosphate sodium 2.0 Boric acid 0.9 Sodium borate 0.5 De-ionized water to make 100.0.
A few drops of the solution were instilled in the eyes of a patient, and the eyes examined using a Burton lamp. There was a good delineation of the eye structure.
Example 2 The following solution was prepared (all parts by weight):
Riboflavin-5'-phosphate sodium 1.0 Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate 0.01 Sodium acid phosphate 0.24 Disodium phosphate 0.66 Chlorobutanol 0.5 Sodium chloride 0.25
De-ionized water to make 100.0.
A few drops of the solution were instilled in the eyes of a patient, and the eyes examined using a Slit lamp. There was a good delineation of the eye structure.
Similar results were obtained with the following for- De-ionized water to make 1000.
Obviously, many modifications and variations of this invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, and therefore only such limitations should be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.
3,044,937 Patented July 17,1962
I claim:
1. The process of examining eyes comprising: instilling in the eye an aqueous solution of a member selected from the group consisting of vitamin B and Water-soluble salts of vitamin B and examining the eye under an incandescent source employing a suitable filter in the absence of suflicient visual light to obscure the fluorescent effect.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the solution contains at least 0.01% of the vitamin B compound.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the solution contains about 2.0% of the vitamin B compound.
4. A solution for the examination of eyes comprising an isotonic aqueous solution of a member selected from the group consisting of vitamin B and Water-soluble salts of vitamin B wherein said solution contains at least 0.01% of said member.
5. The solution of claim 4 wherein the pH is adjusted to from about 6.8 to about 8.
6. The solution of claim 4 wherein a preservative is present.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Feinbloom Mar. 30, 1948 OTHER REFERENCES The Merck Index, 7th Ed., 1960, published by Merck and Co. Inc, Rahway, Ni, page 906.
Claims (2)
1. THE PROCESS OF EXAMINING COMPRISING: INSTILLING IN THE EYE AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF A MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF VITAMIN B2 AND WATER-SOLUBLE SALTS OF VITAMINB2 AND EXAMINING THE EYE UNDER AN INCANDES CENT SOURCE EMPOLYING A SUITABLE FILTER IN THE ABSENCE OF SUFFICIENT VISUAL LIGHT TO OBSURE THE FLUORESCENT EFFECT.
4. A SOLUTION FOR THE EXAMINATION OF EYES COMPRISING AN ISOTONIC AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF A MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF VITAMIN B2 AND WATER-SOLUBLE SALTS OF VITAMIN B2 WHEREIN SAID SOLUTION CONTAINS AT LEAST 0.01% OF SAID MEMBER.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US29166A US3044937A (en) | 1960-05-16 | 1960-05-16 | Process and composition for examining eyes with fluorescent vitamin b |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US29166A US3044937A (en) | 1960-05-16 | 1960-05-16 | Process and composition for examining eyes with fluorescent vitamin b |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3044937A true US3044937A (en) | 1962-07-17 |
Family
ID=21847591
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US29166A Expired - Lifetime US3044937A (en) | 1960-05-16 | 1960-05-16 | Process and composition for examining eyes with fluorescent vitamin b |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3044937A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3309274A (en) * | 1962-07-23 | 1967-03-14 | Brilliant Herbert | Use of fluorescent dyes in dental diagnostic methods |
| US20070104744A1 (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2007-05-10 | Fxs Ventures, Llc | Ophthalmic and contact lens solutions containing forms of vitamin b |
| US20130079422A1 (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2013-03-28 | Fxs Ventures, Llc | Ophthalmic contact lens solutions containing forms of vitamin b |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2438743A (en) * | 1945-12-15 | 1948-03-30 | Feinbloom William | Tangent cone contact lens |
-
1960
- 1960-05-16 US US29166A patent/US3044937A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2438743A (en) * | 1945-12-15 | 1948-03-30 | Feinbloom William | Tangent cone contact lens |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3309274A (en) * | 1962-07-23 | 1967-03-14 | Brilliant Herbert | Use of fluorescent dyes in dental diagnostic methods |
| US20070104744A1 (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2007-05-10 | Fxs Ventures, Llc | Ophthalmic and contact lens solutions containing forms of vitamin b |
| US20130079422A1 (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2013-03-28 | Fxs Ventures, Llc | Ophthalmic contact lens solutions containing forms of vitamin b |
| US9308264B2 (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2016-04-12 | Fxs Ventures, Llc | Ophthalmic contact lens solutions containing forms of vitamin B |
| US9585394B2 (en) | 2000-11-08 | 2017-03-07 | Fxs Ventures, Llc | Ophthalmic contact lens solutions containing forms of vitamin B |
| US10064410B2 (en) | 2000-11-08 | 2018-09-04 | Fxs Ventures, Llc | Ophthalmic contact lens solutions containing forms of vitamin B |
| US10595532B2 (en) | 2000-11-08 | 2020-03-24 | Fxs Ventures, Llc | Ophthalmic contact lens solutions containing forms of vitamin B |
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