US3022785A - Method of delivering drugs into animals - Google Patents

Method of delivering drugs into animals Download PDF

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Publication number
US3022785A
US3022785A US677141A US67714157A US3022785A US 3022785 A US3022785 A US 3022785A US 677141 A US677141 A US 677141A US 67714157 A US67714157 A US 67714157A US 3022785 A US3022785 A US 3022785A
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projectile
drug
animal
animals
gas
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US677141A
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Jack A Crockford
Frank A Hayes
James H Jenkins
Seldon D Feurt
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/54—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances by implantation, e.g. hypodermic projectiles

Definitions

  • the novelty of the method of this invention resides in the fact that the triggering of the drug injection means is accomplished at the time of firing of the projectile in which the drug is disposed.
  • Time delay means are provided within the projectile so that the drug is not expelled therefrom, despite triggering of the drug injection means, until a discrete interval of time has elapsed.
  • sufcient time passes to permit the projectile to penetrate the animal despite the triggering of the drug injection means upon tiring.
  • FIG. 1 is a side perspective view of one form of projectile made in accordance with this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view, of a construction similar to that of FIG. 1, but with the body portion thereof shown in section so as to illustrate the internal construction of parts.
  • FIG. 3 is a side detail view, in section, of the rear of the body portion of the projectile shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, showing the means of triggering the injection mechanism upon the firing of the projectile.
  • FIG. 4 is a side detail view, in section, similar to that of FIG. 3, showing the manner in which the drug is expelled from the projectile after the injection mechanism is triggered and the projectile penetrates the body of an animal.
  • the projectile 1G is formed with a body portion 11.
  • Body portion 11 is in turn divided into a main portion 19 and a cap portion 18.
  • Cap portion 18 is narrowed at its rear portion.
  • a tail portion 40 is provided which is formed with stabilizing ns 13 secured to a shaft 31. vThe forward end of shaft 31 is provided with an opening 14 so that tail portion 40 can t over the rear portion 15 of cap 18.
  • Opening 14 extends rearwardly for a greater distance than would be necessary for fitting over the 3,022,785 Patented Feb. 2'?, 1962 ice rear 15 of cap 18 so that an additional opening 16 is provided. Opening 16 permits the entrance of gas therein after firing to trigger the injection mechanism of the projectile.
  • Main body portion 19 bears female threads 17 at its rear portionV and cap 18 bears mating male threads 32 at its forward end portion.
  • a seal 20 of resilient material such as rubber, vinyl resin, or the like is disposed at the forward end portion of cap 18 and abuts against the inner wall 21 of main body portion 19.
  • Cap 18 is formed with a recess 22 therein which is larger at its rear portion than its forward portion.
  • a forwardly movable pointed needle 23 having a flared tail portion 24 is disposed within recess 22
  • Main body portion 19 is hollow and contains an in- ⁇ terior cavity 3.
  • a movable propelling member 4 is disposed within cavity 3 and abuts against its inner wall 21.
  • Propelling member 4 divides cavity 3 into a front drug carrying chamber 25 and a rear reaction chamber 36.
  • a liquid drug 27 is disposed within drug carrying chamber 25.
  • a needle 28 is secured to the head of projectile 10 and is formed with channel 29 and point 30.
  • Channel 2.9 communicates with drug carrying chamber 25.
  • a barb 44 to hold needle 28 in place during injection of the drug into the animal, is disposed upon needle 28.
  • a puncturable container 35 made of rubber, vinyl, or similar resilient material is filled with a liquid gas-producing reactant.
  • the liquid gas-producing reactant is preferably under pressure within container 35.
  • liquid gas-producing reactant 26 Adjacent to container 35 and also within reaction chamber 36 is a solid gas-producing reactant 26.
  • the liquid gas-producing reactant and solid gas-producing reactant may be any compounds or combination or solutions of compounds that, when combined, will produce emission of gas. Such compounds could bey water plus a mixture of citric acid and sodium carbonate; hydrogen peroxide and manganese dioxide, hydrochloric acid and zinc, acetic acid and sodium bi-carbonate, or similar materials.
  • the loaded projectile is placed within a gun, preferably an air gun, and tired. Firing of the projectile drives needle 23 forwardly and punctures container 35 thus causing the reactants to intermix and to evolve a gas.
  • a gun preferably an air gun
  • Firing of the projectile drives needle 23 forwardly and punctures container 35 thus causing the reactants to intermix and to evolve a gas.
  • the liquid cannot act upon all of the particles immediately thus producing a time delay in the forcing of the drug out of the projectile. This time delay is suicient to permit the projectileto penetrate the body of the animal before the drug is expelled from the projectile.
  • the method involved is always positive in action and permits an operator to inject drugs into animals at a distance from the animal to avoid injury because of the animals resistance.
  • the injection of drug is also positive having been triggered by the firing of the projectile.
  • a method of delivering a liquid drug into an animal while at a distance from said animal but in visual contact therewith comprising the steps of obtaining a mechanically propellable projectile having injection means thereupon and a liquid drug disposed therewithin mechanically, propelling said projectile into contact with the animal so that the injection means penetrate the animals body, causing a chemical gas-producing reaction to commence within saidprojectile wherein the gas produced is operable to propel said drug from said projectile through said injection means, and maintaining said projectile within the body of the animal until the drug is expelled therefrom.
  • a method of delivering a liquid drug into an animal while at a distance from said animal but in visual contact therewith comprising the steps of obtaining a mechanically propellable projectile having injection means thereupon and a liquidV drug disposed therewithin mechanically, propelling said projectile into Contact with the animal so that the injection means penetrate the animals body, causing a plurality of chemical gas-producing reactants to interact within said projectile wherein the gas produced is operable to propel said drug from said projectile through said injection means, and maintaining said projectile within the body of the animal until the drug is expelled therefrom.
  • a method of delivering a liquid drug into an animal while at a distance from said animal but in visual contact therewith comprising the steps of obtaining a mechanically propellable projectile having injection means thereupon and a liquid drug disposed therewithin mechanically, propelling said projectile into contact with the animal so that the injection means penetrate the animals body and simultaneously, causing a time delayed chemical gas producing reaction to commence within said projectile wherein the gas produced is operable to propel said drug from said projectile through said injection means, and maintaining said projectile within the body of the animal until the drug is expelled therefrom.

Description

Feb. 27, 1962 J. A. cRocKFoRD ETAI. 3,022,785
METHOD OF DELIVERING DRUGS INTO ANIMALS Filed Aug. 8, 1957 A. (neurone FI. Al.
INVENTORS JAM BY 9- Law M ATTORNEY United tates Patent Filed Aug. 8, 1957, Ser. No. 677,141 3 Claims. (Cl. 12S-218) This invention relates to a novel method of delivering drugs into animals by means of a radically new principle. Specific forms of apparatus for carrying out the method of this invention are disclosed in our co-pending application Serial Number 673,597, led July 23, 1957, now Patent 2,854,925.
To the extent, therefore, that the instant application shows speciic constructions related to the instant method which are not claimed as constructions, such disclosure is not to be considered as a disclaimer of the subject matter involved.
The novelty of the method of this invention resides in the fact that the triggering of the drug injection means is accomplished at the time of firing of the projectile in which the drug is disposed. Time delay means are provided within the projectile so that the drug is not expelled therefrom, despite triggering of the drug injection means, until a discrete interval of time has elapsed. Thus sufcient time passes to permit the projectile to penetrate the animal despite the triggering of the drug injection means upon tiring.
Thus a positive action is invariably produced since the point of triggering is always constant.
Specific apparatus disclosing a manner in which the method of invention can be carried out is shown in the accompanying drawings. For ease of explanation these drawings will be referred to in the detailed description of this invention and the apparatus described. However such apparatus is not essential to the method of this invention which is broader than the apparatus disclosed.
The apparatus used will now be described by reference to the accompanying drawings which are made a part of this specification, and in which,
FIG. 1 is a side perspective view of one form of projectile made in accordance with this invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view, of a construction similar to that of FIG. 1, but with the body portion thereof shown in section so as to illustrate the internal construction of parts.
FIG. 3 is a side detail view, in section, of the rear of the body portion of the projectile shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, showing the means of triggering the injection mechanism upon the firing of the projectile.
FIG. 4 is a side detail view, in section, similar to that of FIG. 3, showing the manner in which the drug is expelled from the projectile after the injection mechanism is triggered and the projectile penetrates the body of an animal.
In order to aid in the description of the method of this invention the specific apparatus shown in the drawings will now be described.
The projectile 1G is formed with a body portion 11. Body portion 11 is in turn divided into a main portion 19 and a cap portion 18. Cap portion 18 is narrowed at its rear portion.
A tail portion 40 is provided which is formed with stabilizing ns 13 secured to a shaft 31. vThe forward end of shaft 31 is provided with an opening 14 so that tail portion 40 can t over the rear portion 15 of cap 18.
Opening 14, however, extends rearwardly for a greater distance than would be necessary for fitting over the 3,022,785 Patented Feb. 2'?, 1962 ice rear 15 of cap 18 so that an additional opening 16 is provided. Opening 16 permits the entrance of gas therein after firing to trigger the injection mechanism of the projectile.
Main body portion 19 bears female threads 17 at its rear portionV and cap 18 bears mating male threads 32 at its forward end portion. A seal 20 of resilient material such as rubber, vinyl resin, or the like is disposed at the forward end portion of cap 18 and abuts against the inner wall 21 of main body portion 19.
Cap 18 is formed with a recess 22 therein which is larger at its rear portion than its forward portion. A forwardly movable pointed needle 23 having a flared tail portion 24 is disposed within recess 22 Main body portion 19 is hollow and contains an in-` terior cavity 3. A movable propelling member 4 is disposed within cavity 3 and abuts against its inner wall 21.
Propelling member 4 divides cavity 3 into a front drug carrying chamber 25 and a rear reaction chamber 36. A liquid drug 27 is disposed within drug carrying chamber 25.
A needle 28 is secured to the head of projectile 10 and is formed with channel 29 and point 30. Channel 2.9 communicates with drug carrying chamber 25. A barb 44, to hold needle 28 in place during injection of the drug into the animal, is disposed upon needle 28.
A puncturable container 35, made of rubber, vinyl, or similar resilient material is filled with a liquid gas-producing reactant. The liquid gas-producing reactant is preferably under pressure within container 35.
Adjacent to container 35 and also within reaction chamber 36 is a solid gas-producing reactant 26. The liquid gas-producing reactant and solid gas-producing reactant may be any compounds or combination or solutions of compounds that, when combined, will produce emission of gas. Such compounds could bey water plus a mixture of citric acid and sodium carbonate; hydrogen peroxide and manganese dioxide, hydrochloric acid and zinc, acetic acid and sodium bi-carbonate, or similar materials.
The method of this invention will now be explained by reference to the gas-propelled projectile shown in the drawings. However any other method of causing a delay of ejection of drug can also be operable in the carrying out of the method of this invention.
The loaded projectile is placed within a gun, preferably an air gun, and tired. Firing of the projectile drives needle 23 forwardly and punctures container 35 thus causing the reactants to intermix and to evolve a gas. However, because of the particle size of the solid gasproducing reactant the liquid cannot act upon all of the particles immediately thus producing a time delay in the forcing of the drug out of the projectile. This time delay is suicient to permit the projectileto penetrate the body of the animal before the drug is expelled from the projectile.
The method involved is always positive in action and permits an operator to inject drugs into animals at a distance from the animal to avoid injury because of the animals resistance. The injection of drug is also positive having been triggered by the firing of the projectile.
The specific embodiments of the foregoing invention as set forth in the specification herein are for illustrative purposes and for purposes of example only. Various changes and modifications may obviously be made within the spirit and scope of this invention and would occur to those skilled in this art.
We claim: Y
1. A method of delivering a liquid drug into an animal while at a distance from said animal but in visual contact therewith comprising the steps of obtaining a mechanically propellable projectile having injection means thereupon and a liquid drug disposed therewithin mechanically, propelling said projectile into contact with the animal so that the injection means penetrate the animals body, causing a chemical gas-producing reaction to commence within saidprojectile wherein the gas produced is operable to propel said drug from said projectile through said injection means, and maintaining said projectile within the body of the animal until the drug is expelled therefrom.
2. A method of delivering a liquid drug into an animal while at a distance from said animal but in visual contact therewith comprising the steps of obtaining a mechanically propellable projectile having injection means thereupon and a liquidV drug disposed therewithin mechanically, propelling said projectile into Contact with the animal so that the injection means penetrate the animals body, causing a plurality of chemical gas-producing reactants to interact within said projectile wherein the gas produced is operable to propel said drug from said projectile through said injection means, and maintaining said projectile within the body of the animal until the drug is expelled therefrom.
3. A method of delivering a liquid drug into an animal while at a distance from said animal but in visual contact therewith comprising the steps of obtaining a mechanically propellable projectile having injection means thereupon and a liquid drug disposed therewithin mechanically, propelling said projectile into contact with the animal so that the injection means penetrate the animals body and simultaneously, causing a time delayed chemical gas producing reaction to commence within said projectile wherein the gas produced is operable to propel said drug from said projectile through said injection means, and maintaining said projectile within the body of the animal until the drug is expelled therefrom.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,348,337 Francis May 9, 1944 Billingsley Mar. 13, 1951 2,854,925 Crockford et al. Oct. 7, 1958
US677141A 1957-08-08 1957-08-08 Method of delivering drugs into animals Expired - Lifetime US3022785A (en)

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4243036A (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-06 Peter Ott Automatic injecting projectile
US4726584A (en) * 1987-05-26 1988-02-23 Bishop Steven C Scent releasing arrow
US4735612A (en) * 1986-09-03 1988-04-05 Ballistivet, Inc. Trauma minimizing dart
FR2614206A1 (en) * 1987-04-21 1988-10-28 Mambrini Jean Improvements to instillation syringes
US4784652A (en) * 1985-03-27 1988-11-15 Fagersta El & Diesel Ab Eyewash dispenser
US4863428A (en) * 1988-03-24 1989-09-05 Ballistivet, Inc. Injecting projectile dart
US5062834A (en) * 1989-02-24 1991-11-05 Product Development (S.G.Z.) Ltd Device for dispensing a liquid particularly useful for delivering medicaments at a predetermined rate
WO1993007920A1 (en) * 1991-10-24 1993-04-29 Insutech, Incorporated Gas pressure driven infusion system by hydrogel electrolysis
US5295971A (en) * 1993-08-10 1994-03-22 Donald Cameron Impact releasable pole mounted syringe
US5346473A (en) * 1993-02-22 1994-09-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services Oxy-hydrogen propelled torpedo for introducing angioplasty guide wire
US5437641A (en) * 1994-12-14 1995-08-01 Cameron; Donald J. Retrieval system for a range animal injection apparatus
US5538456A (en) * 1994-08-09 1996-07-23 Lcd International, L.L.C. Toy water bomb
US5553741A (en) * 1993-08-06 1996-09-10 River Medical, Inc. Liquid delivery device
ES2144971A1 (en) * 1998-09-15 2000-06-16 Fernandez Arias Montoya Albert Device for the automatic injection of liquids
US9234729B2 (en) 2014-06-05 2016-01-12 Pneu-Dart, Inc. Injection dart
US20160015499A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2016-01-21 Coolgardie, Llc Remote treatment system
US20220011082A1 (en) * 2020-07-10 2022-01-13 Pneu-Dart Tail Piece for Remote Delivery Device ( CIP of Application 15/932.942 filed 05/24/2018)
US11389591B2 (en) 2020-06-08 2022-07-19 Pneu-Dart, Inc. Marking and injection remote delivery device

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2348337A (en) * 1941-09-22 1944-05-09 Francis Earl Henry Hypodermic projectile
US2545017A (en) * 1947-06-02 1951-03-13 Gordon D Billingsley Hypodermic syringe
US2854925A (en) * 1957-07-23 1958-10-07 Palmer Chemical & Equipment Co Projectile for delivery of drugs to animals

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2348337A (en) * 1941-09-22 1944-05-09 Francis Earl Henry Hypodermic projectile
US2545017A (en) * 1947-06-02 1951-03-13 Gordon D Billingsley Hypodermic syringe
US2854925A (en) * 1957-07-23 1958-10-07 Palmer Chemical & Equipment Co Projectile for delivery of drugs to animals

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4243036A (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-06 Peter Ott Automatic injecting projectile
US4784652A (en) * 1985-03-27 1988-11-15 Fagersta El & Diesel Ab Eyewash dispenser
US4735612A (en) * 1986-09-03 1988-04-05 Ballistivet, Inc. Trauma minimizing dart
FR2614206A1 (en) * 1987-04-21 1988-10-28 Mambrini Jean Improvements to instillation syringes
US4726584A (en) * 1987-05-26 1988-02-23 Bishop Steven C Scent releasing arrow
US4863428A (en) * 1988-03-24 1989-09-05 Ballistivet, Inc. Injecting projectile dart
US5062834A (en) * 1989-02-24 1991-11-05 Product Development (S.G.Z.) Ltd Device for dispensing a liquid particularly useful for delivering medicaments at a predetermined rate
US5354264A (en) * 1991-10-24 1994-10-11 Insutech, Inc. Gas pressure driven infusion system by hydrogel electrolysis
WO1993007920A1 (en) * 1991-10-24 1993-04-29 Insutech, Incorporated Gas pressure driven infusion system by hydrogel electrolysis
US5346473A (en) * 1993-02-22 1994-09-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services Oxy-hydrogen propelled torpedo for introducing angioplasty guide wire
US5553741A (en) * 1993-08-06 1996-09-10 River Medical, Inc. Liquid delivery device
US5295971A (en) * 1993-08-10 1994-03-22 Donald Cameron Impact releasable pole mounted syringe
US5538456A (en) * 1994-08-09 1996-07-23 Lcd International, L.L.C. Toy water bomb
US5437641A (en) * 1994-12-14 1995-08-01 Cameron; Donald J. Retrieval system for a range animal injection apparatus
ES2144971A1 (en) * 1998-09-15 2000-06-16 Fernandez Arias Montoya Albert Device for the automatic injection of liquids
US20160015499A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2016-01-21 Coolgardie, Llc Remote treatment system
US9664486B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2017-05-30 Coolgardie Llc Remote treatment system
US9234729B2 (en) 2014-06-05 2016-01-12 Pneu-Dart, Inc. Injection dart
US11389591B2 (en) 2020-06-08 2022-07-19 Pneu-Dart, Inc. Marking and injection remote delivery device
US20220011082A1 (en) * 2020-07-10 2022-01-13 Pneu-Dart Tail Piece for Remote Delivery Device ( CIP of Application 15/932.942 filed 05/24/2018)

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