US2679249A - Instrument for surgical operations - Google Patents

Description

May 25, 1954 M. WEIHMANN 2,679,249

INSTRUMENT FOR SURGICAL OPERATIONS Filed Aug. 5, 1952 I NVE N70,?

'MA XiMiLiANO h/E/HNANN Patented May 25, 1954 UNITED STATES rem OFFICE Claims priority, application Mexico October 5, 1951 4 Claims.

The present invention relates in general to instruments for surgical operations and particularly to surgical pliers with a knife incorporated therein, for making cuts without causing hemorrhages, and refers still more particularly to certain useful improvements in pliers having a knife incorporated therein, whereby may be elfected bloodless enucleations or any out without hemorrhage, in surgical operations.

As is known to all surgeons and persons familiar with the art in general, upon cutting veins, blood vessels, etc., copious hemorrhages are produced, which it is difficult to avoid and which oblige the surgeon to act under special conditions which are almost always unfavorable, particularly in certain instances or surgical intervention such for example as the enucleation of an eye. In this specific case, the central blood vessels usually bleed copiously as soon as the optical nerve is cut, and this hemorrhage obliges the surgeon to speed up as much as possible the last phases of the operation. To avoid such hemorrhage, the

most logical thing would be to compress the optical nerve with pliers before cutting it, but it is not possible to construct pliers of a size or nature such as to leave sufficient space in the orbit for introducing therewith the scissors or half-moon knife.

To overcome said difliculties, I have conceived the present instrument for surgical operations, consisting of special pliers provided with a guillotine on one of the blades so that at the time of compressing the nerve, vein, or blood vessel, it may be cut with the same instrument.

In view of the foregoing, the principal object of the invention is to provide a surgical instrument for operations which allows of effecting a bloodless enucleation or any other surgical inter vention wherein it be important to produce a hemostatic action simultaneously with the cut, to which end this instrument comprises pliers on one of the blades of which a sliding knife has been adapted with a guillotine.

These and other details, features and advantages of the invention will be made clearly evident in the course of the following description as likewise in the drawings annexed in illustration thereof, the same reference characters serving in said drawings to indicate the same parts in the four figures shown.

In said drawings:

Fig. 1 is an elevational front view of a pair of surgical pliers having a knife incorporated and built in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a projection of the same instrument for surgical use, of Fig. 1, but in profile or side elevation, the displacement of the knife incorporated in the holding pliers being shown in broken lines.

Fig. 3 is a detail of the pliers in open position, partially broken away and in longitudinal section at their ends, more clearly to show the disposition of the cutting knife which acts as a guillotine, and

Fig. 4 is also a detail of the same surgical instrument projected from that of the preceding figure but showing the holding pliers closed, the displacement of the knife or guillotine being shown in broken lines.

Before describing in detail and specifically the surgical instrument of my invention, as shown in the attached drawings, I wish it to be clearly understood that the drawings illustrate enunciatively and by no means in a limitational manner one of the preferred ways of carrying out the invention without the latters being limited to the specific details illustrated and described, and particularly that the surgical pliers may be of any known class or form. Therefore recourse may be had to such variations and modifications as may become or be considered necessary or convenient in practice, without departing from the principles and sphere of the invention and always within the scopeof the claims annexed to thisrdescription.

As illustrated in the attached drawings, the surgical instrument of the invention comprises the usual curved pliers it, the arms or jaws H and 12 of which are provided with longitudinal grooves l3, which serve as a guide or track for the knife l4, which'is actuated by means of a handle 15 having eyes or hoops, to which it is secured by means of screw l6. This knife M will be described in detail later.

The arms ar jaws II and I2 of pliers It, provided with longitudinal grooves l3 wherein slides knife !4, have specially formed ends since the end of the pressure jaw I2 has an extension H, which spans the width of the two jaws combined and precisely overlaps end l8 of adjacent jaw H, as clearly seen in Fig. 1 of the attached drawings. The end Id of pressure member or jaw H is cut at right angles as seen in said figure. It should be mentioned that between the cut end of mem her or jaw H and the lower end of extension ll of jaw l2, there is a small space or separation I 9 through which the blood vessel, nerve or vein to be sectioned passes. This space or separation may also be seen in Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings.

On the arm of the jaw l2 and near axis 26) of pliers Ill, there is a small bolt or stud 2| having an enlarged head.

Knife l4 has in its central portion a slot 22 in a longitudinal direction, said slot ending in a circular perforation 23 to permit passage of the head of bolt 2|. In this way, said bolt 2| acts as a guide and limits the sliding movement of blade M. This blade M has a blade portion 24 near its end and terminates in a hook-like guillotine portion' 25 which has an exceedingly sharp edge portion 26 (Fig. 3).

When knife I4 is at the end of its stroke, that is when bolt 2| abuts with the upper end of slot 22 of said knife, hook-like guillotine portion 25 of knife I4 lies in the lateral portionl'l of arm or jaw 12, and upon pulling :on said knife by means of the handle IE, to make-it slide longitudinally in the grooves i3 in arms or jaws I! and I2, the sharp edge portion 26 passes along said grooves 13, easily cutting the blood vessel nerve, or vein, which has been clamped by means of the jaws of pliers l0.

The-handling or operation ofthe instrument {is very-simple. In. the case :of enucleating an eye,

which we have been taking as an example, one proceeds as follows: Before starting =theinter vention, one closes the pliers to a convenientextent-and introduces the knife A i into the space formed bylongitudinal grooves 43in jaws H and H, until .guillotineportion z fi registers with' the extension H of pressure jaw 12. After resecting the extrinsic muscles, one .opens the pliersand penetrates intdthe orbit with them, in such a way that the optical nerve is pressed or clamped between members cr jaws'll and i 2. Then one which remain in position, insuringl'the'hemostasis.

Subsequently the eyeball is removed and the operation is contini le'd in the usual manner',.wi th- I out the presence of a hemorrhage originating'the drawbacks aforementioned.

'Thespreserit'instrument is so constructedthat thetraumati'zed surface of "the stump "is visible;

tion, what I consider as new and gdesir'eto obtain by Letters"Patent is:

nected with said blade for-sli'ding said blade 1ongitudina-lly of said jaws.

2. A surgical instrument as defined in claim 1 wherein said pliers comprise a stud having an enlarged head/said stud being positioned adjacent the pivotal connection of said pliers, said knife having a slot between said blade and said handle with ,a'n-enlarged end in said slot whereby said knife may be removably mounted on said pliers by passing said stud through the enlarged end of said slot, said grooves opening through the corresponding sides of said jaws to permit the insertionor removal of said blade therein when theknifeis mounted on .or removed from said stud.

I being spaced slightly 'from the lateral extension 3. A surgicaliinstrument'as defined in claim 2 wherein one o'i'sa-id'jaws has talateral extension on its freeend precisely overlapping -the free end of the other of saidjaws, the free end of said other jaw'beingperpendicular to itsllen'gth and on said one jaw.

4. A surgical-instrument asdefined 'in claim 3 wherein said knife bladecom'prises .a shank portion nestedwithin .the groove of said one jaw and r a hook-dike guillotine .Iportion :spanning said Y'grooves, said la'teral extension having a "groove j in communication with the groove in its "supportpulls on thekni'felby means of the handle 15 and said knife cuts with great easethe' optical nerve, v whereupon thekni'feis drawn'out of .thepliers ing jaw for receiving said hook-like guillotine portion to free the space between said extension and the en'dfof the Tether jaw;

.References --.Cited in the file of this ,patent UNITED STATES 'PATENTS Number Name Date 352,245 Hullhorst Nov.9, 1886 1,918,700 Ll-Iarris 'July 18, 1933 2,288,445 Frizell J-une30, 1942

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