US2640424A - Fuel pump - Google Patents

Fuel pump Download PDF

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US2640424A
US2640424A US1511A US151148A US2640424A US 2640424 A US2640424 A US 2640424A US 1511 A US1511 A US 1511A US 151148 A US151148 A US 151148A US 2640424 A US2640424 A US 2640424A
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Prior art keywords
diaphragm
crosshead
eccentric
pumping chamber
fuel pump
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US1511A
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Abraham M Babitch
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Motors Liquidation Co
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Motors Liquidation Co
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M1/00Carburettors with means for facilitating engine's starting or its idling below operational temperatures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2700/00Supplying, feeding or preparing air, fuel, fuel air mixtures or auxiliary fluids for a combustion engine; Use of exhaust gas; Compressors for piston engines
    • F02M2700/43Arrangements for supplying air, fuel or auxiliary fluids to a combustion space of mixture compressing engines working with liquid fuel
    • F02M2700/4302Arrangements for supplying air, fuel or auxiliary fluids to a combustion space of mixture compressing engines working with liquid fuel whereby air and fuel are sucked into the mixture conduit
    • F02M2700/438Supply of liquid to a carburettor reservoir with limitation of the liquid level; Aerating devices; Mounting of fuel filters
    • F02M2700/4388Supply of liquid to a carburettor reservoir with limitation of the liquid level; Aerating devices; Mounting of fuel filters with fuel displacement by a pump
    • F02M2700/439Supply of liquid to a carburettor reservoir with limitation of the liquid level; Aerating devices; Mounting of fuel filters with fuel displacement by a pump the pump being a membrane pump
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18056Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
    • Y10T74/18208Crank, pitman, and slide

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pumps and more particularly to operating mechanisms for pumps of the diaphragm type.
  • Diaphragm pumps are used extensively in automotive vehicles for transferring fuel from a reservoir to the engine. Such pumps usually employ an operating mechanism adapted to actuate the diaphragm against a biasing spring during the suction stroke and utilize the biasing spring to actuate the diaphragm during the discharge stroke.
  • a mechanism commonly employed in cooperation with such a biasing spring comprises a lever which is continuously held in contact with a driving cam within the engine casing and some form of linkage between the diaphragm and lever which permits the diaphragm to have a variable discharge stroke in accordance with the pressure in the fuel delivery line.
  • a diaphragm actuating mechanism is preferred where the force required to actuate the diaphragm under conditions where there is very little or no pressure in the pumping chamber, is about equal for both the suction and discharge strokes and limited to the force required to overcome the friction in.
  • the mechanism comprises a cross- 2 Y head connected to a motor operated eccentric and mounted for limited reciprocation against the force of a biasing spring between parallel legs of a closed frame member. closed within a housing with an internal conguration adapted to confine a quantity of lubricating oil for the lubrication of the moving parts of the mechanism.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of the fuel pump partly in section and partly broken away, embodying one form of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an end View of the mechanism and mechanism housing taken substantially along the line 2-'2 of Figure 1 and illustrating the relative position of the mechanism parts when the mechanism is pumping
  • Figure 3 is a side view similar to Figure 2 illustrating the relative position of the mechanism parts when the pump is idling
  • Figure 4 is an exploded perspective View of the .relatively slidable mechanism parts illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3
  • Figure 5 is an end view of theenclosing housing and one modification of the mechanismof the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a side View of the mechanism and housing illustrated in Figure 5.
  • a fuel pump having a casing formed of a plurality of sections and comprising a main body member I, a cap 2, a partitioning member 3 and a mechanism housing member 4.
  • the main body member I is provided with threaded inlet and outlet passages 5 and 6 respectively and a lateral passage 'I separated from the inlet passage 5"by a plug insert 8.
  • a receptacle 9 positioned adjacent a'recess 'I0 in the main body I provides a collecting chamber II for sediment drawn into the fuelv pump from a reservoir (not shown).
  • the receptacle l9 is held in operative position by a spring4 clamp I2 and an adjustable thumb screw I3.
  • Pulsator chambers and 2l communicating with the inlet and outlet passages 5 and 5 respectively, are provided by forming the main body member l with an integral section 22 and spacing a liexible diaphragm 23-of suitable material between the main body member I and cap 2.
  • a disk-shaped member 24 is positioned in a recess 25 in the main body member and cooperates with the integral section to form valve controlled communicating passages between the pumping chamber 28 and the inlet and outlet passages of the pump.
  • the disk-shaped member is held in its position of cooperation against a gasket 2t by a screw-threaded member 2.
  • Disk-shaped members 34 and 35 are spaced on opposite sides of the diaphragm and the assembly is secured by peening the end 3 to secure a washer 36 having a central aperture slightly larger than the end 3l.
  • the flexible portion of the diaphragm is limited to the area between the peripheral edges of the disks and the inner edges of vthe casini,r members I and 3.
  • Valve controlling means for the pumping chamber are provided by a pair of one-Way valves inversely arranged to provide liquid flow in one direction to and from the pumping chamber.
  • rIhe valve controlling means comprise a Vpair of disks 3'! normally held in contact with the lvalve seats of inserts 38v by springs 39.
  • Passages 40 and fil are provided in the disk member 24 and integral section 22 respectively for communication between the pumping chamber 23 and the inlet and outlet passages 5 and ⁇ 6.
  • Actuation of the diaphragm 29 is obtained by a low voltage, low starting torque, electric, motor 42 having its shaft 43 ⁇ formed with an. eccentric portion 44.
  • the motion of the rotating eccentric portion 44 is transferred tothe diaphragm stem 32 through a lost motion mechanism, one form being illustrated in detail in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, and a modiiication thereof being illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6.
  • the lost motion mechanism of Figs. 2'. 3 and 4 comprises a bifurcated member ⁇ 45 pivotally connected to the diaphragm stem 32 through a member 46 xedly attached to the arms of the bifurcated member 45.
  • a cross head 4'!V provided with slots 48 and 49 is slidably mounted on the bifurcated member 45 and pivotally connected through a link 50. to the eccentric portion 44 of motor shaft 43.
  • the crosshead 41 is normally biased downwardly on the bifurcated member 45 by helical spring members 5I mounted on the arms.
  • An oblong slot 52 in a projecting arm 53 on the bifurcated member 45 cooperates with a pin 54 connecting the link 5i) with the crosshead 41 to limit the relative slidability of the cross member 4l.
  • An arm 55 projecting downwardly from the bifurcated member 45 and recessed in a well 56 in the mechanism housing 4 provides a guide for the reciprocating motion of the biiurcated member 45.
  • the lower portion of the lost motion mechanism housing 4 is formed to contain a supply of lubricating'material for the lost motion mechanism.
  • the parts are lubricated by immersion of the lower portion of the mechanism in the lubricant and the motion of the mechanism when in operation.
  • gaskets 51 and 5S form liquid-tight seals where the mechanism housing 4 and the partitioning member 3 and motor housing yare joined.
  • the boss 59 projecting downwardly from the partitioning member 3 is provided.
  • the boss forms a wall or barrier against loss of lubricant through the space between the stem 32 and the bushing 33; it being adapted to conne a predetermined quantity of lubricant in the well formed by the boss, the wall of the partitioning member 3 and mechanism housing 4 when the pump is in an inverted position.
  • the inverse arrangement of the valves provides for liquid flow in one direction only through the pumping chamber.
  • a vacuum is created in the pumping chamber which causes fuel to be drawn from the reservoir (not shown) through the inlet passages of the pump to the pumping chamber.
  • the fuel is forced from the pumping chamber to the engine carburetor (not shown).
  • the iioat valve of the carburetor controls the admission of fuel to the carburetor and the supply of fuel is at times greater than the demand of the engine, pressure is built up in the pumping chamber exerting a force on the diaphragm tending to restrict its movement.
  • the mechanism comprises an oblong 01 closed frame member 58 pivotally connected at the midpoint of its upper crossarm to the diaphragm stem 32 and a crosshead 6i slidably mounted between the legs of the frame and connected through a depending projection to the lower crossarm oi the frame.
  • the crosshead 6l is provided with a circular aperture 62 which isI adapted to receive for rotation therein an eccentric 63 tted to the end of the motor shaft 43.
  • the depending projection is provided witha slotted recess 64 adapting it to slidably receive the lower crossarm of the frame member 60.
  • An oblong slot 65 provided in the lower crossarm of the frame permits limited reciprocation of the crosshead 6i in the frame member 60 while a biasing spring 66 resists reciprocation of the crosshead and normally forces the crosshead downwardly to the limit of its travel on the frame.
  • a biasing spring 66 resists reciprocation of the crosshead and normally forces the crosshead downwardly to the limit of its travel on the frame.
  • an oil hole is provided in the top of the crosshead.
  • a pump with such a mechanism is suited to operation by small direct current motors of low starting torque characteristics such as those adapted to operation in the low voltage electrical system of automotive vehicles. Furthermore, such motors would not be stalled when the pressure is built up in the pumping chamber as the torque characteristic increases with increases in the running speed.
  • a fuel pump with an actuating mechanism such as hereinabove described will nd particularly useful application in automotive vehicles and aircraft where it is preferred to locate the pumps in positions remote from the engine.
  • Such a pump has the additional advantage in that its actuating source may be small, light in weight and characterized by low power requirements.
  • a low starting torque electric rotary driving motor having an eccentric for actuating said diaphragm and a mechanism operatively connecting said diaphragm and said eccentric for imparting a variable stroke to said diaphragm determined by the pressure on the diaphragm, said mechanism comprising relatively movable members, one forming a guide member for the other and linearly movable with respect to the other, said members being attached respectively to said diaphragm and said eccentric and a spring positioned between said members for yieldingly urging one of said members to an extreme position on the other of said members.
  • a low starting torque electric rotary driving motor having an eccentric for actuating said diaphragm and a mechanism operatively connecting said diaphragm and said eccentric for imparting a variable stroke to said diaphragm, said mechanism comprising a bifurcated guide member and a member attached thereto and slidable thereon and a spring interposed between said members for yieldingly urging said slidable memberto an extreme position movable diaphragm forming one wall of said pumping chamber, a llow starting torque rotary driving motor having an eccentric shaft for actuating said diaphragm and a mechanism operatively connecting said diaphragm andy said eccentric shaft for imparting a variable stroke to said diaphragm, said mechanism comprising a bifurcated member operatively connected to said diaphragm, a member attached to and slidable on said bifurcated member and
  • a casing constructed to form a pumping chamber and a mechanism housing, a movable diaphragm forming one wall of said pumping chamber and having a stem projecting into said mechanism housing, a partition member having a centrally located boss extending into said mechanism housing for slidably mounting said stem, said boss being adapted in cooperation with said partition member and said mechanism housing to confine a predetermined amount of lubricant in said mechanism housing, a rotary driving member having an eccentric shaft for actuating said diaphragm and a mechanism operatively connecting said stem and said eccentric shaft for imparting a variable stroke to said diaphragm, said mechanism comprising a bifurcated member operatively connected to said stem, a crosshead attached to and slidable on said bifurcated member and operatively attached to said eccentric shaft, and springs positioned between said bifurcated member and said crosshead to yieldingly urge said crosshead to an eX- treme position on said bifurcated member said bifurc
  • a pump a pumping chamber, a reciproeating member forming one wall of said pumping chamber, a low starting torque, electric actuator for said reciprocating member and a mechanism operatively connecting said actuator and said reciprocating member, said mechanism comprising a closed frame member and a crosshead attached to and slidably mounted within said frame member and a spring positioned between said frame member and said crosshead to yieldingly urge said crosshead to an extreme position on said frame member, said member; said frame member and said crosshead being attached to said reciprocating member and said actuator respectively.
  • a casing constructedV to form a pumping chamber and a mechanism housing, ⁇ a movable diaphragmrforming one wall said frame for yieldingly urging said crosshead to an eXtreme position on said frame, said spring means being adapted to yield in response to predetermined pressures in said pump to vary the stroke of said driven means.
  • a low starting torque electric driving motor having an eccentric for imparting reciprocatory motion to said driven means and a mechanism operatively connecting said driven member and said eccentric for transferring the rotary motion of said motor into reciprocatory motion of said driven member, said mechanism comprising relatively movable attached members, one of said attached members being connected to said eccentric and the other to said driven member and spring means positioned between said relatively movable members for yieldingly urging said relatively movable members in spaced apart relation while permitting a foreshortening of the distance between said members against the pressure of said spring means to simultaneously vary the stroke of said driven member in response to variations in pressure of said pump.
  • a fuel pump having driven means, an actuator for imparting reciprocatory motion to said driven means, and a lost motion mechanism connecting said actuator and driven means for permitting variable stroke operation of said driven means, said mechanism comprising a closed frame member having spaced leg portions, said frame member being connected to said driven member, a crosshead slidably attached to said frame member and to said actuator, said crosshead having sp-aced slots therein for receiving said spaced leg portions and spring means posi tioned between said frame member and said cross member for yieldingly urging said crosshead to an extreme position on said frame member, said said spring means being adapted to yield in response to predetermined pressures on said driven means to vary the stroke thereof.
  • a fuel .pump having a, driven means, a rotary actuator having an eccentric for imparting reciprocatory motion to said driven means and a, lost motion mechanism connecting said eccentric and said driven means for permitting variable stroke operation of said driven means, said mechanism comprising a closed frame member connected to said driven member and having spaced parallel leg portions, a crosshead slidably attached to said frame and to said eccentric, said crosshead having spaced slots therein for receiving said leg portions and guiding the move ments of said crosshead cn said frame, a link attached to said crosshead for movement therewith, said link having an aperture therein for receiving said eccentric and positively connecting said eccentric and said mechanismJ and spring means positioned between said crosshead and said frame member for yieldingly urging said crosshead to an extreme position on said frame member, said spring means being adapted tc yield in response to predetermined pressures on said driven means to vary the stroke thereof.
  • a rotary actuator having an eccentric for imparting reciprocatory motion tor said driven member, and a lost motion mechanism connecting said eccentric and driven means for permitting variable stroke operation of said driven means
  • said mechanism comprising a closed frame member connected to said d :iven member and having spaced parallel leg portions, a crosshead slidahly mounted on said frame with portions engaging said leg portions, said crosshead having apertures therein journalling said eccentric, means connecting said crosshead to said frame to permit limited relative movement therein and spring means positioned between said frame member and said crosshead for yieldingly urging said crosshead to an extreme position on said frame, said spring means being adapted to yield in response to predetermined pressures on said driven means to vary the stroke thereof.

Description

A. M. BABITCH June 2, 1953 .FUEL PUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet `l Filed Jan. 10, 1948 /'lISn/ventor y? 'attorney A. M.' BBITCH FUEL PUMP June 2, 1953 2 sheets-sheet 2 Filed Jan; 10., 1948 Patented June 2, 1953 FUEL PUMP Abraham M. Babitch, Flint, Mich., assignerl to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a
corporation of Delaware Application January 10, 1948, Serial No. 1,511
(Cl. S-38) 16 Claims.
The present invention relates to pumps and more particularly to operating mechanisms for pumps of the diaphragm type.
Diaphragm pumps are used extensively in automotive vehicles for transferring fuel from a reservoir to the engine. Such pumps usually employ an operating mechanism adapted to actuate the diaphragm against a biasing spring during the suction stroke and utilize the biasing spring to actuate the diaphragm during the discharge stroke. A mechanism commonly employed in cooperation with such a biasing spring comprises a lever which is continuously held in contact with a driving cam within the engine casing and some form of linkage between the diaphragm and lever which permits the diaphragm to have a variable discharge stroke in accordance with the pressure in the fuel delivery line. As the power required to actuate this type of mechanism varies considerably over a complete cycle of diaphragm movement due to the action of the biasing spring in resisting the suction stroke and assisting the discharge stroke such `a mechanism is not particularly suitable to operation by small motors adapted to function in the low voltage electrical system of an automotive vehicle. In these instances where it is desirable to actuate the pumps by an electrical motor adapted to function in the low voltage circuit of an automotive vehicle, as for example, in locating the fuel pump at a point remote from the engine, a diaphragm actuating mechanism is preferred where the force required to actuate the diaphragm under conditions where there is very little or no pressure in the pumping chamber, is about equal for both the suction and discharge strokes and limited to the force required to overcome the friction in.
the moving parts of the mechanism. I
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a fuel pump with an actuating mechanism adapted to operation by a lightweight, low starting torque motor capable of functioning in the low voltage electrical system of an automotive vehicle.
It is another object of this invention to provide a fuel pump with an oil reservoir which will' insure adequate lubrication of the moving parts of the actuating mechanism.
These and other objects are attained in accordance with o-ne form of the invention by providing a connecting mechanism between the diaphragm of the pump and the actuating motor which is collapsible against the force of biasingA springs along an axis through thev mechanism connections. The mechanism comprises a cross- 2 Y head connected to a motor operated eccentric and mounted for limited reciprocation against the force of a biasing spring between parallel legs of a closed frame member. closed within a housing with an internal conguration adapted to confine a quantity of lubricating oil for the lubrication of the moving parts of the mechanism. I
With this form of mechanism and housing adequate lubrication is provided for the mechanism and the force required to start the diaphragm reciprocating or pumping where there is very little or no pressure in the pumping chamber is the force required Ato overcome the friction of the moving parts of the mechanism.
The novel features which are characteristic of the present invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, will be best understood by reference to the' following specification when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a side view of the fuel pump partly in section and partly broken away, embodying one form of the present invention; Figure 2 is an end View of the mechanism and mechanism housing taken substantially along the line 2-'2 of Figure 1 and illustrating the relative position of the mechanism parts when the mechanism is pumping;A Figure 3 is a side view similar to Figure 2 illustrating the relative position of the mechanism parts when the pump is idling; Figure 4 is an exploded perspective View of the .relatively slidable mechanism parts illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3; Figure 5 is an end view of theenclosing housing and one modification of the mechanismof the present invention and Figure 6 is a side View of the mechanism and housing illustrated in Figure 5.
Referring now to the .drawings and more particularly to Figure 1 there is illustrated a fuel pump having a casing formed of a plurality of sections and comprising a main body member I, a cap 2, a partitioning member 3 and a mechanism housing member 4. The main body member I is provided with threaded inlet and outlet passages 5 and 6 respectively and a lateral passage 'I separated from the inlet passage 5"by a plug insert 8. A receptacle 9 positioned adjacent a'recess 'I0 in the main body I provides a collecting chamber II for sediment drawn into the fuelv pump from a reservoir (not shown). The receptacle l9 is held in operative position by a spring4 clamp I2 and an adjustable thumb screw I3. 'A gasket I4 spaced between the main body mem'- ber I and the receptacle 9 forms a liquid-tight. seal. Communication is provided between the The mechanism is en- Sediment chamber I I and the passages of the main body member I through ports I5 and i5 formed adjacent the inlet passage 5 and the lateral passage I respectively. A cylindrical lter screen I'I positioned adjacent a boss i3 extending downwardly from the main body member I forms a barrier to the passage of sediment into the lateral passage '1. The lter screen Il is held in position by a screw-threaded member I9.
Pulsator chambers and 2l communicating with the inlet and outlet passages 5 and 5 respectively, are provided by forming the main body member l with an integral section 22 and spacing a liexible diaphragm 23-of suitable material between the main body member I and cap 2.
A disk-shaped member 24 is positioned in a recess 25 in the main body member and cooperates with the integral section to form valve controlled communicating passages between the pumping chamber 28 and the inlet and outlet passages of the pump. The disk-shaped member is held in its position of cooperation against a gasket 2t by a screw-threaded member 2.
The pumping chamber 28 is formed with a movable wall comprising a iiexible diaphragm 29 ofsuitable material clamped about its peripheral edge between the mainbody member l and the partitioning member 3. To provide means for actuating the diaphragm 29 it is connected to an operating stem 32 slidably mounted in a bushing member 33 positioned in a central bore in the partitioning member 3. The stem 32 and diaphragm 29 are assembled int'o a unitary structure by forming the stem 32 with one end 3l oi smaller diameter than the main body of the stem and inserting the end 3| in a central hole 39 in the diaphragm. Disk-shaped members 34 and 35 are spaced on opposite sides of the diaphragm and the assembly is secured by peening the end 3 to secure a washer 36 having a central aperture slightly larger than the end 3l. With the dish-shaped members arranged as above inen- `tioned, the flexible portion of the diaphragm is limited to the area between the peripheral edges of the disks and the inner edges of vthe casini,r members I and 3.
Valve controlling means for the pumping chamber are provided by a pair of one-Way valves inversely arranged to provide liquid flow in one direction to and from the pumping chamber. rIhe valve controlling meanscomprise a Vpair of disks 3'! normally held in contact with the lvalve seats of inserts 38v by springs 39. Passages 40 and fil are provided in the disk member 24 and integral section 22 respectively for communication between the pumping chamber 23 and the inlet and outlet passages 5 and` 6.
Actuation of the diaphragm 29 is obtained by a low voltage, low starting torque, electric, motor 42 having its shaft 43` formed with an. eccentric portion 44. The motion of the rotating eccentric portion 44 is transferred tothe diaphragm stem 32 through a lost motion mechanism, one form being illustrated in detail in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, and a modiiication thereof being illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6.
The lost motion mechanism of Figs. 2'. 3 and 4 comprises a bifurcated member` 45 pivotally connected to the diaphragm stem 32 through a member 46 xedly attached to the arms of the bifurcated member 45. A cross head 4'!V provided with slots 48 and 49 is slidably mounted on the bifurcated member 45 and pivotally connected through a link 50. to the eccentric portion 44 of motor shaft 43. The crosshead 41 is normally biased downwardly on the bifurcated member 45 by helical spring members 5I mounted on the arms. An oblong slot 52 in a projecting arm 53 on the bifurcated member 45 cooperates with a pin 54 connecting the link 5i) with the crosshead 41 to limit the relative slidability of the cross member 4l. An arm 55 projecting downwardly from the bifurcated member 45 and recessed in a well 56 in the mechanism housing 4 provides a guide for the reciprocating motion of the biiurcated member 45.
The lower portion of the lost motion mechanism housing 4 is formed to contain a supply of lubricating'material for the lost motion mechanism. The parts are lubricated by immersion of the lower portion of the mechanism in the lubricant and the motion of the mechanism when in operation. To provide against the loss of the lubricant, gaskets 51 and 5S form liquid-tight seals where the mechanism housing 4 and the partitioning member 3 and motor housing yare joined. To insureagainst loss of the lubricant irrespective of the position of the fuel pump, :the boss 59 projecting downwardly from the partitioning member 3 is provided. The boss forms a wall or barrier against loss of lubricant through the space between the stem 32 and the bushing 33; it being adapted to conne a predetermined quantity of lubricant in the well formed by the boss, the wall of the partitioning member 3 and mechanism housing 4 when the pump is in an inverted position.
In operation the inverse arrangement of the valves provides for liquid flow in one direction only through the pumping chamber. On the downstroke of the diaphragm 29, a vacuum is created in the pumping chamber which causes fuel to be drawn from the reservoir (not shown) through the inlet passages of the pump to the pumping chamber. When the movement of the diaphragm is reversed the fuel is forced from the pumping chamber to the engine carburetor (not shown). As the iioat valve of the carburetor controls the admission of fuel to the carburetor and the supply of fuel is at times greater than the demand of the engine, pressure is built up in the pumping chamber exerting a force on the diaphragm tending to restrict its movement. When this force becomes greater than the force exerted by biasing springs 5I on the reciprocating member 4'1, the reciprocating member slides on the connecting rod or bifurcated member 45 and the fuel flow from the pump is reduced. With the pressure in the pumping chamber at a maximum the reciprocating member reciprocates on the connecting rod through a stroke equal to the throw of the eccentric on the motor shaft and the diaphragm remains idle. Likewise v as the pressure in the pumping chamber is reduced the force exerted by the biasing springs on the reciprocating member gradually overcomes that exerted on the diaphragm and the diaphragm movement becomes equal to the throw of the eccentric.
In the modification illustratedv in Figs. 5 and 6, the mechanism comprises an oblong 01 closed frame member 58 pivotally connected at the midpoint of its upper crossarm to the diaphragm stem 32 and a crosshead 6i slidably mounted between the legs of the frame and connected through a depending projection to the lower crossarm oi the frame. The crosshead 6l is provided with a circular aperture 62 which isI adapted to receive for rotation therein an eccentric 63 tted to the end of the motor shaft 43. The depending projection is provided witha slotted recess 64 adapting it to slidably receive the lower crossarm of the frame member 60. An oblong slot 65 provided in the lower crossarm of the frame permits limited reciprocation of the crosshead 6i in the frame member 60 while a biasing spring 66 resists reciprocation of the crosshead and normally forces the crosshead downwardly to the limit of its travel on the frame. To insure lubrication of the eccentric 63 an oil hole is provided in the top of the crosshead.
From the description of the modificationit will be clear that the operation of the cooperating parts will be the same as that described hereinabove in connection with the mechanism illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4; both providing a variable stroke to the diaphragm determined by the pressure in the pumping chamber.
With these forms of mechanism it will-be obvious that on starting the pump with little or no pressure in the pumping chamber the only force required of the actuating motor isthat required to overcome the friction in the moving parts. A pump with such a mechanism is suited to operation by small direct current motors of low starting torque characteristics such as those adapted to operation in the low voltage electrical system of automotive vehicles. Furthermore, such motors would not be stalled when the pressure is built up in the pumping chamber as the torque characteristic increases with increases in the running speed.
A fuel pump with an actuating mechanism such as hereinabove described will nd particularly useful application in automotive vehicles and aircraft where it is preferred to locate the pumps in positions remote from the engine. Such a pump has the additional advantage in that its actuating source may be small, light in weight and characterized by low power requirements.
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:
1. In a fuel pump, a pumping chamber in which the pressure Varies, a flexible diaphragm forming one wall of said pumping chamber affected by said pressure, a low starting torque electric rotary driving motor having an eccentric for actuating said diaphragm and a mechanism operatively connecting said diaphragm and said eccentric for imparting a variable stroke to said diaphragm determined by the pressure on the diaphragm, said mechanism comprising relatively movable members, one forming a guide member for the other and linearly movable with respect to the other, said members being attached respectively to said diaphragm and said eccentric and a spring positioned between said members for yieldingly urging one of said members to an extreme position on the other of said members.
2. In a fuel pump, a pumping chamber, a flexible diaphragm forming one wall of said pumping chamber, a low starting torque electric rotary driving motor having an eccentric for actuating said diaphragm and a mechanism operatively connecting said diaphragm and said eccentric for imparting a variable stroke to said diaphragm, said mechanism comprising a bifurcated guide member and a member attached thereto and slidable thereon and a spring interposed between said members for yieldingly urging said slidable memberto an extreme position movable diaphragm forming one wall of said pumping chamber, a llow starting torque rotary driving motor having an eccentric shaft for actuating said diaphragm and a mechanism operatively connecting said diaphragm andy said eccentric shaft for imparting a variable stroke to said diaphragm, said mechanism comprising a bifurcated member operatively connected to said diaphragm, a member attached to and slidable on said bifurcated member and operativelyattached to said shaft and springs interposed between said members to yieldingly urge said slidable member to an extreme position on said bifurcated member, said members being responsive to predetermined pressures on said diaphragm to overcome the pressure of said springs and vary the relative positions of said members with respect to each other to provide variable stroke diaphragm operation.
4. In a fuel pump, a casing constructed to form a pumping chamber and a mechanism housing, a movable diaphragm forming one wall of said pumping chamber and having a stem projecting into said mechanism housing, a partition member having a centrally located boss extending into said mechanism housing for slidably mounting said stem, said boss being adapted in cooperation with said partition member and said mechanism housing to confine a predetermined amount of lubricant in said mechanism housing, a rotary driving member having an eccentric shaft for actuating said diaphragm and a mechanism operatively connecting said stem and said eccentric shaft for imparting a variable stroke to said diaphragm, said mechanism comprising a bifurcated member operatively connected to said stem, a crosshead attached to and slidable on said bifurcated member and operatively attached to said eccentric shaft, and springs positioned between said bifurcated member and said crosshead to yieldingly urge said crosshead to an eX- treme position on said bifurcated member said bifurcated member and crosshead being responsive to pressures on said diaphragm to overcome the pressure of said springs and vary the relative position of said crosshead and said bifurcated member with respect to each other and provide variable stroke operation for said diaphragm.
5. In a pump, a pumping chamber, a reciproeating member forming one wall of said pumping chamber, a low starting torque, electric actuator for said reciprocating member and a mechanism operatively connecting said actuator and said reciprocating member, said mechanism comprising a closed frame member and a crosshead attached to and slidably mounted within said frame member and a spring positioned between said frame member and said crosshead to yieldingly urge said crosshead to an extreme position on said frame member, said member; said frame member and said crosshead being attached to said reciprocating member and said actuator respectively.
6. In a fuel pump, a casing constructedV to form a pumping chamber and a mechanism housing,` a movable diaphragmrforming one wall said frame for yieldingly urging said crosshead to an eXtreme position on said frame, said spring means being adapted to yield in response to predetermined pressures in said pump to vary the stroke of said driven means.
13. In a fuel pump having driven means upon which the pressure varies, a low starting torque electric driving motor having an eccentric for imparting reciprocatory motion to said driven means and a mechanism operatively connecting said driven member and said eccentric for transferring the rotary motion of said motor into reciprocatory motion of said driven member, said mechanism comprising relatively movable attached members, one of said attached members being connected to said eccentric and the other to said driven member and spring means positioned between said relatively movable members for yieldingly urging said relatively movable members in spaced apart relation while permitting a foreshortening of the distance between said members against the pressure of said spring means to simultaneously vary the stroke of said driven member in response to variations in pressure of said pump.
14. In a fuel pump having driven means, an actuator for imparting reciprocatory motion to said driven means, and a lost motion mechanism connecting said actuator and driven means for permitting variable stroke operation of said driven means, said mechanism comprising a closed frame member having spaced leg portions, said frame member being connected to said driven member, a crosshead slidably attached to said frame member and to said actuator, said crosshead having sp-aced slots therein for receiving said spaced leg portions and spring means posi tioned between said frame member and said cross member for yieldingly urging said crosshead to an extreme position on said frame member, said said spring means being adapted to yield in response to predetermined pressures on said driven means to vary the stroke thereof.
15. In a fuel .pump having a, driven means, a rotary actuator having an eccentric for imparting reciprocatory motion to said driven means and a, lost motion mechanism connecting said eccentric and said driven means for permitting variable stroke operation of said driven means, said mechanism comprising a closed frame member connected to said driven member and having spaced parallel leg portions, a crosshead slidably attached to said frame and to said eccentric, said crosshead having spaced slots therein for receiving said leg portions and guiding the move ments of said crosshead cn said frame, a link attached to said crosshead for movement therewith, said link having an aperture therein for receiving said eccentric and positively connecting said eccentric and said mechanismJ and spring means positioned between said crosshead and said frame member for yieldingly urging said crosshead to an extreme position on said frame member, said spring means being adapted tc yield in response to predetermined pressures on said driven means to vary the stroke thereof.
16. In a fuel pump having driven means, a rotary actuator having an eccentric for imparting reciprocatory motion tor said driven member, and a lost motion mechanism connecting said eccentric and driven means for permitting variable stroke operation of said driven means, said mechanism comprising a closed frame member connected to said d :iven member and having spaced parallel leg portions, a crosshead slidahly mounted on said frame with portions engaging said leg portions, said crosshead having apertures therein journalling said eccentric, means connecting said crosshead to said frame to permit limited relative movement therein and spring means positioned between said frame member and said crosshead for yieldingly urging said crosshead to an extreme position on said frame, said spring means being adapted to yield in response to predetermined pressures on said driven means to vary the stroke thereof.
ABRAHAM M. BABITCH.
References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 862,867 Eggleston Aug. 6, 1907 1,327,272 Dellgren Jan. 6, 1920 1,599,899 Kettering Sept. 14, 1926 1,738,786 McKinley Dec. 10, 1929 1,749,367 Zubaty Mar. 4, 1930 1,824,467 Darby Sept. 22, 1931 1,946,590 Rockwell Feb. 13, 1934 2,308,041 Babitch Jan. 12, 1943
US1511A 1948-01-10 1948-01-10 Fuel pump Expired - Lifetime US2640424A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2832295A (en) * 1954-02-17 1958-04-29 Airtex Products Inc Fuel pump
US2868135A (en) * 1955-10-19 1959-01-13 Gen Motors Corp Fuel pump with pulsator
US2872877A (en) * 1955-01-06 1959-02-10 Ford Motor Co Fuel pump
US2873686A (en) * 1953-09-29 1959-02-17 Gen Motors Corp Oscillatable diaphragm pumps
US2873688A (en) * 1955-11-18 1959-02-17 Gen Motors Corp Pump with oblique pulsator diaphragm
DE1054784B (en) * 1956-05-12 1959-04-09 Daimler Benz Ag Fuel pump for internal combustion engines
US2895424A (en) * 1955-09-13 1959-07-21 Stewart Warner Corp Constant pressure liquid pump
US3008427A (en) * 1959-02-11 1961-11-14 Gen Motors Corp Fuel pump
US3077921A (en) * 1960-10-17 1963-02-19 Gen Motors Corp Pump-pressure regulator
US4090818A (en) * 1976-05-25 1978-05-23 Hope Henry F Adjustable metering pump
EP0309141A2 (en) * 1987-09-24 1989-03-29 LUCAS INDUSTRIES public limited company Fuel treatment device
US6089141A (en) * 1997-03-25 2000-07-18 Hokuriku Seikei Industrial Co., Ltd. Plunger pump for water jet loom

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US862867A (en) * 1906-03-28 1907-08-06 Lewis Watson Eggleston Pneumatic pumping apparatus.
US1327272A (en) * 1918-11-14 1920-01-06 Dellgren Karl Liquid-pump
US1599899A (en) * 1923-09-26 1926-09-14 Delco Light Co Diaphragm pump
US1738786A (en) * 1928-06-23 1929-12-10 Ac Spark Plug Co Fuel pump
US1749367A (en) * 1928-06-18 1930-03-04 Ac Spark Plug Co Accelerating means for fuel pumps
US1824467A (en) * 1929-01-18 1931-09-22 Darby Maurice Ormonde Fuel pump
US1946590A (en) * 1929-04-19 1934-02-13 Edward A Rockwell Fuel feeding device
US2308041A (en) * 1939-07-03 1943-01-12 Gen Motors Corp Fuel pump

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US862867A (en) * 1906-03-28 1907-08-06 Lewis Watson Eggleston Pneumatic pumping apparatus.
US1327272A (en) * 1918-11-14 1920-01-06 Dellgren Karl Liquid-pump
US1599899A (en) * 1923-09-26 1926-09-14 Delco Light Co Diaphragm pump
US1749367A (en) * 1928-06-18 1930-03-04 Ac Spark Plug Co Accelerating means for fuel pumps
US1738786A (en) * 1928-06-23 1929-12-10 Ac Spark Plug Co Fuel pump
US1824467A (en) * 1929-01-18 1931-09-22 Darby Maurice Ormonde Fuel pump
US1946590A (en) * 1929-04-19 1934-02-13 Edward A Rockwell Fuel feeding device
US2308041A (en) * 1939-07-03 1943-01-12 Gen Motors Corp Fuel pump

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2873686A (en) * 1953-09-29 1959-02-17 Gen Motors Corp Oscillatable diaphragm pumps
US2832295A (en) * 1954-02-17 1958-04-29 Airtex Products Inc Fuel pump
US2872877A (en) * 1955-01-06 1959-02-10 Ford Motor Co Fuel pump
US2895424A (en) * 1955-09-13 1959-07-21 Stewart Warner Corp Constant pressure liquid pump
US2868135A (en) * 1955-10-19 1959-01-13 Gen Motors Corp Fuel pump with pulsator
US2873688A (en) * 1955-11-18 1959-02-17 Gen Motors Corp Pump with oblique pulsator diaphragm
DE1054784B (en) * 1956-05-12 1959-04-09 Daimler Benz Ag Fuel pump for internal combustion engines
US3008427A (en) * 1959-02-11 1961-11-14 Gen Motors Corp Fuel pump
US3077921A (en) * 1960-10-17 1963-02-19 Gen Motors Corp Pump-pressure regulator
US4090818A (en) * 1976-05-25 1978-05-23 Hope Henry F Adjustable metering pump
EP0309141A2 (en) * 1987-09-24 1989-03-29 LUCAS INDUSTRIES public limited company Fuel treatment device
EP0309141A3 (en) * 1987-09-24 1989-12-20 LUCAS INDUSTRIES public limited company Fuel treatment device
US6089141A (en) * 1997-03-25 2000-07-18 Hokuriku Seikei Industrial Co., Ltd. Plunger pump for water jet loom

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