US2582262A - Dispensing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

'Jixf VV15,1952 N. o. LovEN Erm. 2,582,262

DISPENSING APPARATUS Filed Nov. 10, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet l HTT/P/VEPS Jan 15, H552 N. o. LoVEN Erm. 2,582,262

DISPENSING APPARATUS Filed Nov. 10, 194'? 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 15, 1952 N. o. LovEN ETAL DISPENSING APPARATUS 3 sheets-sheet s Filed Nov. l0, 1947 @afi fpersion of fluids in small particles.

Patented Jan. 15, 1952 DISPENSING APPARATUS Nils Otto Loven, Monroe, and John Thomas Efford, Stratford, Conn., assignors to Bridgeport Brass Company, Bridgeport, Conn., a corporation of Connecticut Application November 10, 1947, Serial No. '785,158

8 Claims.

This invention relates to dispensing apparatus for use in connection with the distribution or dis- It is more specifically addressed to the provision of a lowcost valve for the formation of aerosols from liquids under `superatmospheric pressure. While ,our new valve is particularly suited to the application of insecticides, fumigants, hormones or the like, it is also adapted to the dispensing of other substances where dispersion in extremely small particles is desired, such as coatings, medicinals, nasal sprays, and the like.

In the application of insecticides, fumigants or the like, it is essential for maximum effectiveness that the active agent be suspended in the space to betreated for as long a period as possible. It is well known that the period of suspension is an inverse function of particle size, and that extremely fine particles, of colloidal magnitude, may be distributed in the air and remain suspended without settling for long periods. Similarly, in the production of fine films of coating or treating material, uniformity and economy require that the material be supplied to the surface being coated or treated in extremely small particles of substantially uniform size. Desirable colloidal dispersions of finely divided solids or liquids in air are known as aerosols. A method suggested for effecting such a dispersion is to maintain a solution of the active agent or agents in a liquefied gas confined under high pressure in a'container and to release it into the atmosphere through an orifice, thereby obtaining rapid evaporation of the solvent and dispersion of the solution into small particles. However, the advantages to be derived from extremely small particle size are such that they cannot be achieved to the fullest extent by using previously known devices for dispersing them. The problems involved in the formation of the desired small particles, and especially of aerosols, are increased when the dispersion is to be effected from a liquid maintained at a relatively low degree of superatmospheric pressure-for example, in the neighborhood of50 lbs. per square inch (gauge) or lower. At such pressures, orifice design, multiple stage expansion, and the provision of appropriate expansion chambers between orifices, become of critical importance. It will be understood, in ad* dition, that a proper dispersion device must be capable of low cost manufacture, lest the advantages of safety and low container costs be nullified by high cost dispersion means.

An object of this invention is an improved valve device for dispensing or dispersing insecticides, or

' other substances, by which the substance can be `dispersed in the form of an aerosol even from its relatively low pressure solution in a liquefied gas, or from solution under pressure in other readily volatilizible liquids. A further object is to provide such a device in a form which can be inexpensively and readily manufactured, and isl easily manipulated to dispense any desired part of the contents of the container to which it is affixed, at other times serving as a seal to prevent leakage and loss. Moreover, the device is suitable for permanent attachment to a container holding under pressure the uid to be dispensed, so that the orice and chamber sizes can be fixed by the manufacturer to correspond with the properties of the fluid and the particle size required, so as to assure uniformity of operation throughout the charge, with no adjustments to be made by the user.

Other objects, novel features and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following specification and accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of one form of our valve device showing a preferred method of mounting it on a container;

Fig. 2 is the same device as shown in Fig. 1, but with the valve unseated, in the position it takes when the contents of the container are being dispersed;

Fig. 3 is a top view of one of the elements of our device, the same being shown in longitudinal section in Fig. 4;

Fig. 5 is a top view of another element which is shown in longitudinal section in Fig. 6;

Fig. '7 shows in section a modified form of our valve;

Fig. 8 being a top view of one of its elements;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a second modifica tion; and A Fig. l0 shows this modification attached to a container.

A dispensing device embodying the invention includes a receptacle or container which receives under pressure a liquefied gas or other readily vaporizable liquid containing in solution insecticides, fumigants, hormones, coating materials, etc. The generally cylindrical metal container or receptacle l Il, only a part of which is indicated in the drawings, may be approximately six inches long and approximately three inches in diameter so that it may be readily held in a persons hand and directed as desired, but it will be understood that these dimensions are in no way critical, and that the container may be as large or as small as is appropriate to the service required. At one end, the receptacle is provided with suitable means for valving the receptacle contents into the atmosphere in such manner as will insure their dispersal into the desired aerosol.

The discharge means and valve assembly Il is preferably assembled from members of diverse form, which may be commonly denominated as eyelets in accordance with trade practice, together with other parts which will be described below. 'Ihe eyelets may conveniently and economically'be made of brass, but other suitable metals may be employed.

An embodiment of our discharge and valve assembly adapted to the dispersion of insecticides and other materials requiring extremely small particle size from solutions even at moderate or low superatmospheric pressures, such as 50 lbs. per square inch gauge and lower, may be assembled within an outer eyelet I2, which as shown in the drawings is generally cup shaped land drawn or formed with portions of different diameters, thus providing annular shoulders I3, I 4, I5, and I6, and being provided at its bottom with an opening or passageway I'I. A spring I8 is seated on the lowest shoulder I3 and engages at its upper end the main valve assembly which is forced by the spring I8 to bear against fiexible gasket I9 as will be hereinafter described. The valve and gasket assembly is constructed from eyelets 20, 2|, 22 and 23 in the following manner.

Eyelet is a three diameter piece, having substantially convex annular shoulder 24, provided with orifice 24a, near its lower end, which is'open, and a smaller diameter at its top end which is deformed as shown, and closed except for orifice 25 which is provided in the deformed portion of the top so that its axis is inclined at a considerable angle, preferably substantially 90, from the vertical axis of the valve.

are arched openings 26, the purpose of which will be described below.

Eyelet 2I is preferably a cup shaped vessel with a dished bottom 2I adapted for engagement with the upper part of spring I8. Eyelet 22 is essentially a frustro-conical annular member with an inwardly extending annular shoulder at its upper end, its conical wall being provided at its lower end with symmetrically arranged weirs 23.Y Eyelet 23 is essentially a two diameter cylindrical stem, its narrow upper end being sealed except for orifice 29 and its wider lower end terminating in a relatively flat shoulder 30. In assembling the main valve and disperser body, eyelet 20 is inserted into eyelet 2I whereupon the end 3| of eyelet 2| is forced inwardly forming a shoulder in engagement with shoulder 24 of eyelet 2U. Eyelet 22 is next slipped over eyelet 20 as shown in the drawings, followed by iiexible gasket I9 and eyelet 23. The gasket I 9 may be cut from nylon, synthetic rubber or other suitable fiexible and yieldable material, selected so as to exhibit a minimum of swelling and other deleterious effects when in contact with the fluid to be dispersed. The upper cylindrical portions of eyelets 23 and 20 are so proportioned that, when eyelet 23 is forced down onto eyelet 20, the result will be a vapor tight t. The assembly just described, to which metal washer 32 is added as shown, is placed within eyelet I2, with the dished bottom 21 of eyelet 2l resting on the upper end of spring I8. Shoulder 33 is then deformed as at 33 to apply pressure to metal washer 32 and thereby hold the main valve assembly in place. It will be observed that the flexible gasket I9 is seated on a shoulder of eyelet l2, thereby providing a vapor tight joint, and that spring I8 forces the shoulder formed from lip 3l of eyelet 2I into sealing engagement with the face of gasket I9. If it is desired to use our dispersing valve in substantially the vertically upright position shown in Figures 1 and 2, flexible tube 34, which may -be made of suitable plastic or other material. is aixed in the lower opening I1 of eyelet I2 by crimping the lower lip of the eyelet as shown. Tube 3l is long enough to reach a point adjacent to the bottom of the container I0. The valve and dispersing device is now ready for aflixing to a container charged with the fluid to be dispersed. This may be a drawn seamless can, but any other suitable container may be used. When a. can is used, it is preferably provided vfith a bead 35 at its open upper end, which engages with shoulder I 6 of eyelet I2. After the dispersing device is applied to the bead 35 of the container the wall of eyelet I2 just below the bead is expanded so as to hold the valve firmly in place on the container. If desired, a sealing compound known in the art may be applied to the bead of the can before the dispersing valve is attached. The container may be charged either before the valve means is affixed, by operating under suitable refrigeration, or the charge may be inserted, after the valve means is attached, through a suitable opening in the can which is thereafter sealed. In any event, the fluid, which may bea solution of the active ingredient in a volatile solvent and a propellant, is so selected as to exert the desired superatmospheric pressure, which may, with our valve, be' as Spaced at intervals l about the bottom of the main stem of eyelet 20` low as 50 lbs. per square inch, or lower, at or dinary atmospheric temperature. The uid pres` sure tends to force the shoulder formed from lip 3I into sealing engagement with flexible gasket I9, which sealing pressure is reinforced by spring I8.

It will be observed that our valve II comprises an annular chamber B, connected to the circumferential region C by the Weir-shaped openings 28 and by the orifice 24a to the interior of eyelet 20, which forms chamber D communicating with chamber E by means of orifice 25. sealed against the fluid in container I Il by the engagement of shoulder 2 la with the sealing ring I 9, this engagement being maintained by the compression of spring I8 and the pressure of the fluid within the container. Thus, the assembly constitutes a valve, shoulder 2Ia functioning as the valve member and the ring I9 as the valve seat. The valve may be unseated either by inward movement of eyelet 23, which may be brought about by pressing it inwardly against the reaction of spring I8, thereby wholly disengaging the shoulder 2Ia from the sealing ring I9, or by tilting eyelet 23 by radially applied pressure, thereby rotating it about point A and disengaging the rim from the ring in that region of the seat toward which the eyelet is tilted, as shown at X in Fig. 2. When the valve is unseated, com munication is established between the interior of container I0 and chamber C, thence through openings 28 to B, thence through orifice 24a and passages 26 into chamber D through orice25 into chamber E, in which the position of orifice 25 gives the partially expanded fiuid a swirling or rotary motion, and finally through orifice 29'v into the space to be treated, where dispersal of the contents and evaporation of the solvent and propellant takes place. Release of the pressure on eyelet 23 will cause the valve to be reseated by the action of the spring 2'I, the internal pressure of the uid, and the self-restoring force of diaphragm or vgasket I9. Yoke .36 may optionally be attached to the valve as shown, and can then be used as a handle or trigger to unseat the valve. Our valve, when constructed and operated 'in`- the above-described manner provides three ex-` pansion stages, through orifices 24a, 25 and 29', respectively. We have found that this is-the op- Region C is' timum number of stages for aerosol formation from a uid at pressures of 50 lbs. per square inch or less. The openings 28 have the dual function of metering the rate of flow and blocking the passage of any solid particles which would plug the orifices. The orices are preferably graduated in size, the rst through' which the fluid passes being the smallest. Thus, in a valve adapted to the dispersion of an insecticide such as pyrethrum in solution in a volatile solvent to which a propellant has been added, we have found that good results are obtained when orifice 24a is approximately .015 inch in di- '6 fluid then passesthrough orifice 25 intochamber E, where it is further expanded and partially f vaporized while moving in a substantially rotary ameter, orice 29 approximately .020 inch, and

viscosity of 15 to 25 seconds, we have produced dispersions `having an aerosol particle size of approximately 5 to 8 microns radius with initial fluid pressures in the neighborhood of 2 5 to 40 pounds per square inch (gauge) and a flow rate of about 45 grams per minute. When' the valve is intended for other applications thaninsecticides, such for example as coatings, the size of the orifices andtheir number will vary, according to the ultimate particle size desired. The fewer the number of expansion stages, the lower the pressure, the larger the particles, and the larger the orifices, the larger the particles, all other conditions remaining constant.

Since the production of the desired aerosol depends on the expansion and evaporation of a liquid on its release from pressure, it is essential that the uid entering chamber B be liquid. Therefore, if it is desired to use the dispersing device with the orifice 29 at its vupper end,'tube 34 is provided, communicating withthe interior of eyelet I2 and extending at its lower end not shown) substantially to the bottom of the con# tainer I0. This tube is preferably a small-bore plastic tube although a metal tube can also be used. In the latter case, it is preferably encased within a tubular sheath made lof synthetic rubber or other flexible material. The tube and sheath are pressed into aperture I1, preferably in constricted form as shown. so as` to form a iiuidtight joint. v Where it is desired to operate the dispenser with the orifice 29 directed in a downward direction tube 34 is omitted from the device.

In operation, the container I0 is charged with a solution of insecticide, or other desired active agent, in a, liquefied gas, or in a readily vaporizable liquid which may if desired have a vapor pressure as low as 50 lbs. gauge, orlower, at normal temperatures. Among such solvents "are lowboiling hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons and the like. In some cases, vthe pressure may be increased by the addition of small amounts of propellant, such as carbon-dioxide or other compressed gases.v When an insecticide aerosol is desired, pyrethrurn is a desirable active agent. Other solvents and modifiers maybe added to the solution, which of itself does not form part of our invention. The valve assembly seals the liquid from flowing into chamber B. When the valve is unseated, the pressure of the vapor in equilibrium with the liquid in container I 0 forces the liquid up-through tube 34 (in the form of device intended for use with the dispenser end uppermost) and aperture I1, and thence into chamber B, and through orifice 24a and passageways 26 into chamber D where it is partially expanded and vaporized. The partly vaporized ing in the container will be maintained under pressure for further use as desired.

' A dispenser designed for downward dispersion is operated in the same manner, except that the container is inverted before the valve is unseated,

and the liquid flows directly into aperture I1.

Figs. 7 and 8 show a mo'dil'lcationof the valve which embodies the sante principles but has certain. advantages' of manufacture and operation which will be set forth below.'

In this form lofthe valve, member |0| may be made of a single stamping or assembled from two eyelets, depending on the relative convenience of manufacture. The bottom surface of this member has a slightly dished center portionI02 and a flat outer annular portion |03 whereby this member, when the valve is completely assembled, cooperates with a spring such as spring` I8 in the same manner as does eyelet 2|. The upper surface of member |0| is provided with anumber of radially arranged ribs |04, .004 to .006'1- in width and a central vertical stem |05, closed at its upper end and having longitudinal ribs or flutings |06 of approximately the same dimensions as ribs |04.

Fig. 8 shows a top view of member |0|.

Eyelet |01, is preferably formed as shown with a smooth annular bearing surface |08` and a slightly dished annular lower surface |09 Iand a central hollow stern I|0 terminating in a closed upper end in which is orifice III. The outer diameter of annular surface |08 is smaller than the inner diameter of the rim on the upper face of member |0I, and the inner diameter of stem ||0 and the outer diameter of stem |05 are so related that a pressed fit can be obtained between members |01 and |0'|. When this pressed fit 'is achieved, face |08 comes in contact with the ribs |04 and the ribs |04 and ribs or flutings `|06 provide channels or passageways terminating in chamber ||2. Flexible gasket ||3 has a central opening of a size adapted to permit it to receive i stem I|0 and the outer diameter of stem ||0 is The operation of this valve is generally 'similar to that of thel other form. By displacement of eyelet 23 the seal effected by gasket II3 is broken and communication is established betweenthe contents of the container and the space between the upper edge of memberll'and the annular edge of member |01. The. spaces betweenthe ribs |04 and between the vertical ribs |06 permit passage of the fluid, and have the same func? tionv as an orifice. the fluid thus' 'passing in to expansion chamber I I2, thence `through orifice I|| into the next expansion chamber formed by the head of the stem of `eyelet 23and finally through orifice 29. We have found that providing'-V or flutings are less subject to clogging than orifices. For some applications, we have found it advantageous to provide only a single channel in place of the plurality of passageways provided by the ribs |06, in which instances we may also provide only a single passageway instead of the plurality of spaces formed between the ribs |04. Expansion chamber |2 may be smaller than the corresponding intermediate expansion chamber in the other form of the valve, which results in the retention of a smaller volume of fluid in this chamber and hence a more rapid termination of fiow from orifice 29 when the displacement of gasket ||3 is discontinued and the seal restablished.

The operation of the second embodiment of our invention above described is generally similar to the first. When the stem of the valve is displaced, the seal formed by the normal pressing of eyelet against gasket ||3 is broken, and the valve operates as above described. Release of the force displacing the valve stem allows the seal to be reestablished by the same forces as were described in connection with our first embodiment.

Fig. 9 shows the construction of another modification of our dispensing valve. It will be noted that the assembly for this valve comprises five eyelets 202, 203, 204 and 205. A lip at the upper end of eyelet 20| serves as the means of attachment of the assembly to the bead 206 of a container 201, a vapor tight seal being assured by packing or sealing compound 208. The lower part of eyelet, 20| is formed as shown to position and provide a support for flexible gasket 209. As in the other embodiments of our invention, the support for the top of the flexible gasket is so dished that there is room for any swelling of the gasket that may occur due to the action of the material to be dispensed. It will be observed that the outer edge of gasket 209 is held firmly in place between eyelets 20| and 202 and that its inner portion is held firmly between shoulders of eyelet 205 and 204. Spring 2 l0 rests on a shoulder of eyelet 202 and bears against a shoulder formed at the outer periphery of eyelet 203, thereby tending to force the shoulder of eyelet 203 into sealing engagement with the gasket 209. The vapor pressure of the fiuid in container 201 also acts to force eyelet 203 into sealing engagement with the gasket. The upper face of the flat base portion of eyelet 203 is formed as shown, with channels 2| extending from the outer edge of the base portion to its center. These channels are closely calibrated and their dimensions and number vary with the nature of the material to be dispensed. In the case shown in the drawing, there are four such channels evenly spaced along the upper surface of the base of eyelet 203. The vertical portion of eyelet 203 also has one or more longitudinal slots or channels 2|2 formed in its outer surface as shown. The upper end of the central stem portion of eyelet 203 is closed. The inner surface of the stem of eyelet v204 is in vapor tight engagement with the outer surface of the stem of eyelet 203, and the lowest shoulder of eyelet 204 is in close engagement with the upper surface of the flat base of eyelet 203. As a result, the only way in which fluid can pass from annular chamber M into chamber P is by passing through the channels in the base of eyelet 203,

into annular chamber N and thence through the slots or channels 2|2 in the outer surface of the y, vertical stem of eyelet 203'. Access from chaml ber P to chamber Q is afforded through orifice 2 I3 in the top of eyelet 204, and an orifice 2|4 is provided in the top of eyelet Q.

. As shown, there is fitted to eyelet 205 a trigger 2|5, which may be made of plastic or any desirable material and which may abe provided with channel 2 I6, in which may be an additional eyelet 2|1 having at its tip an opening 2| 8'. We wish uppermost, fiexible tube 34 is provided for the same purpose Ias in the `devices previously described.

Fig. 10 shows a device of the form just described attached to a suitable container. The operation of this embodiment of our invention is similar to that of the forms previously described. When eyelet 205 is displaced in a direction generally at right angles to its vertical axis, the seal between the shoulder of eyelet 203 'and gasket 209 is broken and the material to be dispersed, which may be an insecticide or coating or other material dissolved in a solvent of appropriate vapor pressure as already described, is forced through tube 34 and into chamber M, whence it passes through channels 2 and slots 2| 2 into chamber P. At this stage of the passage of the fluid, there will in most cases be an initial bubbling and breaking up of the fluid due to the primary expansion, which may bring about partial vaporization. As the fiuid passes through orifice 2|3 into chamber Q it will ybe further expanded and partially vaporized, and a final eX- pansion is achieved in its passa-ge through orifice 2|4. Ordinarily, We prefer that the expansion to substantially 'atmospheric pressure 'shall be complete at this point, opening 2| 8 when it is employed serving primarily to direct the aerosol stream. When desired, however, we may so proportion the sizes of the orifices that the final substantial expansion to atmospheric pressure will take place as the fiuid passes through 2 I8. As in the embodiments previously described, we prefer to make orifice 2 I4 larger than orifice 2 I3, and the dimensions of the orifices will be governed by the rules previously set forth.

The device shown in Figs. 9 and 10,y like our other devices, makes possible the provision of a low cost valvev for forming aerosol dispersions from fiuids under pressure, and even from fluids of as low pressures as pounds per square inch gauge and below.

We have provided a new Vand useful self-seating valve, for the dispersion of aerosols and similar finely divided particles, that can be readily manufactured at a low cost. Our valve, by utilizing a plurality of expansion chambers, makes possible the vuse of fiuid's at relatively loW'pres sure. passing through the various parts of our valve may be provided where desired. Moreover, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, if additional stages of expansion are desired, they can be obtained by including additional cup shaped eyelets each provided with an appropriate orifice.

It is, of course, understood that various other modifications may be made in the dispensing apparatus above described, without in any waydeparting fromethe invention as defined in the` Change in direction of fiow of the fluid,v

appended claims, and that our valve may be used wherever it is desired to release a fluid from a container where it is maintained under pressure, in nely divided forminto the atmosphere or any other relatively low pressure space.

' We ,claimt 1. A dispensing valve assembly including a ilexible gasket having a hole therethrough and an extended area around said hole to form a flexible diaphragm, a substantially cup-shaped member positioned on the inner side of said gasket and'having a rim seating against said inner side within the periphery of said extended area, a stem member connected .with said cupshaped member and projecting through said hole and of such length as to extend a substantial distance beyond the outer side or said gasket, said j'stem member having clamping means engaging with and pressing on the inner side of saidI gasketat a location radially spaced inwardly from said cup members rim, and a tubular member positioned on the outer side of said gasket and encircling said stern member and having clamping means pressing on the outer side: of 'said gasket so that said gasketis clamped between both said clampingA mean-s, said stem member ,and said tubular member bein-g tightly and firmly interfastened by frictional force in a normally permanent manner, said tubular memberl being of such length as to extend a substantialt distance beyond said stem member from the outer side of Asaid gasket and having a discharge orice spaced beyond said stem and being otherwise vclosed to form a chamber beyond said stem member,I said assembly providing a passage extending from the space formed ywithin said cupshaped members rim and the inner side of said gasket to said chamber, said gasket being free to flexibly twist to permit tilting of said cupshaped members rim relative to the inner side of said gasket when tilting force is applied to said tubular member.

2.'A dispensing valve assembly including a flexible gasket having a hole therethrough and an extended area around said hole to form a ilexi-- ble diaphragm, a substantially cup-shaped member positioned on the inner side of said gasket and having a rim seating against said inner side within the periphery of said extended area, a

stem member connected with said cup-shaped member and projecting through said hole and of such length as to extend a substantial distance beyond the outer side of said gasket, said stem member having clamping means engaging With and pressing on the .inner side of said gasket at a location radially'spaced inwardly from said cup members rim, and a tubularl member positioned on the outer side of said gasket and encircling said stem member and having clamping means pressing on the outerl side of said gasket so that said gasket is clamped between both said clamping means, said stern member and said tubular member being tightly and firmly interfastened by frictional force in a normally permanent man- .ner, "said tubular member being of such length as to extend a substantial distance beyond said stem member from the outer side of said gasket andshaving a discharge orice spaced beyond said stem and being otherwise closed to form a chamber beyond said stem member, said assembly proyblding a passage extending from the space formed A'within said cup-shaped members rim and the inner side of said gasket to said chamber, said gasket being free to ilexibly twist to permit tilting of said cup-shaped members rim relative to the inner side of said gasket when tilting force is applied to said tubular member, said passage being formed by a slot formed in the outer surface of said stem member and extending longiftudinally along said stem member.

3. A dispensing valve assembly including a flexible gasket having a hole therethroughand an extended area around said hole to form a exible diaphragm, a substantially cup-shaped member positioned on the inner side of said gasket and having a rim seating against said, inner side within the periphery of said extended` area, a stem member connected with saidcupshaped member and projecting through said hole and of such length as to extend a substantial distance beyond the outer side of said gasket,`

said stem member having clamping means en gaging with and pressing on the inner side-of saidr gasket at a location radially spaced inwardly from said cup members rim, and a tubular member positioned on the outer side of said gasket and encircling said stem member and havingtclainp-- ing means pressing on the outer side of said gasket so that said gasket is clampedY between both said clamping means, said stern member and said tubular member being tightly and firmly interfastened by frictional force in a normally permarient manner, said tubular member being or such length as to extend a substantial distance' beyond said stem member from the outer side of said gasket and having a discharge oriiice spaced beyond said stem and being otherwise closed to form a chamber beyond said stem menig-, ber, said assembly providing a passage extending from the space formed within said cup-shaped members rim and the inner side of said gasket to said chamber, said gasket being free to flexibly twist to permit tilting of said cup-shaped members rim relative to the inner side of said gasket when tilting force is applied to said tubular member, said tubular member comprising a sheet metal eyelet of smaller inside diameter than the.

effective outside diameter of said stem member and said eyelet being press-fitted over said stem f member.

4. A dispensing valve assembly including a flexible gasket having a hole therethroughrand an extended area around said hole to form a flexible diaphragm, a substantially cup-shaped member positioned on the inner side of saidl gasket and having a rim seating against said inner side Within the periphery of said extended area, a stem member connected with said cupshaped member and projecting through said hole and of such length as to extend a substantial distance beyond the outer side of said gasket, said stem member having clamping means engaging lwith and pressing on the inner side of saidgasket at a location radially spaced inwardly from said cup members rim, and a 'tubular member positioned on the outer vside of said gasket and eni circling said stem member and having clamping means pressing onthe outer side of said gasket so that said gasket is clamped between both said clamping means, said stem member andsaid tubular member being tightly and firmly interfastened by frictional force in a normally permanent manner, said tubular member being of such length as to extend a substantial distance beyond said stem member from the outer side of said gasket and having a discharge oriiice spaced beyond said stem and being otherwise closed to form a chamber beyond said stem member, said vassembly providing a passage extending from the space formed Within said cup-shaped members rim and the inner side of said gasket to said chamber, said gasket being free to flexibly twist to permit tilting of said cup-shaped members rim relative to the inner side of said gasket when tilting force is applied to said tubular member, said cupshaped members rim having a radially smoothly curving convex shape throughout its area seating on the inner side of said gasket.

5. A fluid dispensing device including a container adapted to contain fluid under pressure and having a recess with an outlet opening in its bottom; a valve 4assembly comprising a flexible gasket having a hole therethrough and a peripheral mounting portion around said hole and radially spaced therefrom, said gasket being arranged with said mounting portion overlying said bottom around said outlet opening and fastened thereto, a substantially cup-shaped member on the inside of said gasket and having a rim seating thereagainst around said hole and radially spaced inwardly from said peripheral mounting portion, a stem portion connected with said member and projecting outwardly through said hole and extending a'substantial distance beyond the outside of said gasket, said stem portion having a clamping surface pressing on the inside of said gasket, and a Vtubular stem on the outside of said diaphragm and telescoped towards said diaphragm over said stem portion and press-tted over and frictionally fastened to the latter, said tubular stem having av clamping surface press; ing on the outside of said gasket opposite to the rst-named surface and said gasket being clamped therebetween, said gasket beingfree to i twist so that tilting of said tubulary stem relative to said gasket causes said rim portion to tilt from the inside of said gasket, a' passage formed by said assembly and extending from a location inside of said rim portion to the inside of said tubular stem, the latter being substantially longer than said stem portion; said container recess having an outer rim and said tubular stem of said valve assembly extending out from said recess to a location beyond said riIn and said stem having an outlet in its outer end portion; and a trigger in the form of a cap covering said recess and having a peripheral surface resting on said rim, said cap having a hole through which said tubular stem rockingly extends and being fastened to said tubular stem and thus held in position, said trigger cap being slidable transversely respecting said container to thereby rock said tubular stem.

6. A dispensing valve assembly comprising a flexible sealing diaphragm having a hole therethrough, a cup-shaped valve member having a rim engaging one side of said diaphragm for sealing purposes, a stem projecting from the inside of said cup-shaped valve member and extending through the hole in said diaphragm, a hollow member of greater length than said stem forcetted over said stem on the other side of said diaphragm and constructed and arranged to form beyond the end of said stem an expansion chamber having an outlet beyond the end of said stem, said stem having a groove extending longitudinally of said stem and defining inside of said hol- 'low member a passageway extending along said stem and affording communication between the interior of said cup-shaped valve member and said expansion chamber.

7. A dispensing valve assembly comprising a flexible sealing diaphragm having a hole therethrough, a cup-shaped valve member having a rim engaging one side of said diaphragm for seal- 4ing purposes, a stem projecting from the inside of said cup-shaped valve member and extending through said hole in said diaphragm, a diaphragm clamping member surrounding said stem, and a hollow member of greater length than said stem force-fitted over said stern on the other side of said diaphragm and having a diaphragm-clamping ange engaging said diaphragm adjacent to said stem and clamping it against said diaphragm-clamping member and constructed and arranged to form an expansion chamber beyond the end ofsaid stem, said hollow member having a discharge orifice and otherwise forming a closed chamber, a passageway being formed along said stem and communicating between the interior of said cup-shaped valve member and said expansion chamber. Y

8. Ar dispensing valve assembly comprising a cup-shaped container closure adapted to be fitted in the mouth of a container to form a recess and having an aperture in the bottom thereof, a flex-A the outside of said diaphragm and having a dia-., I

phragm clamping flange engaging the outside of said diaphragm adjacent to said stem and clamping said diaphragm against said diaphragmclamping member and constructed and arranged to form an expansion chamber at the end of said stem and having an outlet beyond the end of said stem, a passageway being formed along said stem and communicating between the interior of said cup-shaped valve member and said expansion chamber, a cover member covering said cup-` shaped closure member and having an aperture tted on said hollow member and providing means for exerting lateral force on said hollow member to rock said stem and said cup-shaped valve member to break contact between said diaphragm and portions of the rim of said clipshaped valve member.

NILS OTTO LOvEN. JOHN THOMAS EFFORD.

REFERENCES CITED The 4following references are of record in `the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date `1,331,376 Quinn Feb. 17, 1920 1,892,750 Rotheim Jan. 3, 1933 1,961,371 Mapes June 5, 1934 2,099,284 Strelow et al Nov. 16, 1937 2,136,940 Ehbrecht Nov. 15, 1938 2,294,198 Morrel Aug. 25, 1942. 2,369,356 Koehn Feb. 13, 1945 2,372,392 Pletman Mar. 27, 1945.-.n 2,376,404 Thorns May 22, 1945 2,390,871 Conway Dec. 11,-19451v 2,483,661 Neas Oct. 4, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS f Number Country Date 7,721 Great Britain 1906 169,121 Switzerland July 1'6, 1934 385,380 Great Britain Dec. 29, 1932l

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