US2499508A - Well digger - Google Patents

Well digger Download PDF

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US2499508A
US2499508A US54683A US5468348A US2499508A US 2499508 A US2499508 A US 2499508A US 54683 A US54683 A US 54683A US 5468348 A US5468348 A US 5468348A US 2499508 A US2499508 A US 2499508A
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bucket
jaws
rod
hammer
link
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US54683A
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Ilmar J Karhu
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/08—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers impact being obtained by gravity only, e.g. with lost-motion connection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
    • E02F3/413—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with grabbing device
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an excavating apparatus and has for its object the provision of a simple and efficient digger in which a pair of jaws are movable to closed or open positions between depending extensions on a pair 'of side walls of a bucket substantially rectangular in cross section, said jaws being oscillated through levers and links suspended from an operating rod upon which is slidably mounted a hammer adapted to be dropped onto the top of the bucket by a supporting cable for forcing the buck-et and jaws into the ground, means being employed for supporting the rod on the top of the hammer when said hammer is raised for causing oscillation of the jaws to closed position.
  • a further object of the invention is the provision of an excavating apparatus for wells in which a pair of jaws ⁇ pivoted on and within a bucket are oscillated to closed or open position by reciprocating an operating rod having connections with the jaws, a dog being'employed for restraining movement of the rod to close said jaws until said jaws and bucket are forced into the ground to a predetermined depth when the ground will force a retaining means for the dog to an inoperative position.
  • Figure 5f is a fragmentary vertical section of the stop shown in Figure 4 when the hammer is in raised position
  • Figure v6 is a fragmentary verticalsection taken along the line G--E of Figure 2,
  • Figure 7 isa horizontal section taken along the line 'l--l of Figure 2
  • Figure 8 is a transverse vertical section taken along the line vil---B of Figure 6.
  • FIG. IIl designates the body of a bucket which is rectangular in cross section.
  • the body includes a pair of parallel short side walls II and a pair of long side walls I2 extending below the bottom edges of the short side walls.
  • a pair of oppositely swingable depending jaws I3 have their upper or inner edges welded to shafts I4 having outer ends seated in openings in the side walls I2 at the inner sides of the lower ends of the side walls I I.
  • the lower ends of the jaws are sheared to provide cutting edges I5 which in the depressed positions of the jaws are on a level with the sheared lower ends I 2a of the side walls I2.
  • the jaws are slightly bowed.
  • a head I6 supported by arms Ia above thetop of the body I0 receives the impacts of a hammer
  • a reciprocating rod 2D is slidable in a bore 2I formed at the center of the head I6 and has its lower end projecting into the body I9 of the bucket and having a pair of spaced ears carrying a bolt 23 upon which is mounted a plate 24.
  • a link 25 hasone end pivoted at 26 on one end of the plate 24 while the other end of said link has pivotal connections at 2l with the lower end of a lever 28v hinged at its upper end at I9 on spaced ears 30 welded Vto .a side wall I I of the bucket.
  • has the upper end pivoted at 32 to an intermediate portion of the lever 28 with its lower end pivoted at 33 to a lug 34 projecting from the inner face of one jaw I3.
  • the other jaw I3 is operated by a link 35 having pivotal connections with a lug 35 on the jaw and a lever 31 hinged at on-e end on ears 38 welded to the other side wall Il and to a link having pivotal connections with the lower end of the lever 37 and the remaining end of the plate 24.
  • the rod 29, passes loosely through a sleeve 4Iv having its lower end located vin a socket in the head I6 and welded thereto.
  • the hammer I'l hasan axial bore for the sleeve upon which said hammer slides vertically.
  • a U-shaped hanger 42 has a bight portion 43 provided with an eye 44 for the reception of a hook 45 on' the lower end of an operating cable 46.
  • the lower ends of the legs 41 'of the hanger are welded or secured in any approved manner to the top of the hammer I'I.
  • 'A stop generally designated by the numeral 50 is substantially rectangular in plan and includes four plane vertical walls 5I connected together by bars 52 forming the corners of the stop.
  • a ring l53 which receives the upper end of the rod 2U is connected to the bars 52 by arms 54 forming a web.
  • a nut 55 is threaded onto the upper end of the rod 2i) and rests upon the ring 53.
  • a device for retaining the jaws I3 in open position is illustrated in Figures 6 to 8 and comprises a dog 5B pivoted on a rod 59 secured at its ends to the side walls II of the bucket.
  • the free end of the dog is adapted to engage over a head 23a on the pivot bolt 23 while a lug 60 depending from the pivoted portion of the dog is adapted to be engaged by an enlargement El on a vertically disposed latch member 62 which has a curved lower free end S3 adapted to be engaged by materials encountered in the well when the bucket is forced into said materials.
  • the latch member has a slot 62a receiving a guide 64 which is welded to one of the side walls I2.
  • a ilange 65 on the guide retains the latch member on the guide.
  • a spring 66 has one end secured to upper end of the guide 54 while the free end of said spring is in neat engagement with the dog 58 for retaining said dog in contact with the head of the bolt 23.
  • the hammer I'I will continue falling and strike the head I6 of the bucket and thereby cause the cutting edges I of the jaws I3 and the cutting edges lZa of the walls I2 to be forced through the materials of the well bottom,
  • the hammer may be thereafter raised and dropped several times until the bucket has been driven deep enough to cause the materials to press upwardly on the curved end 63 of the latch member 62, thereby raising said latch member and removing the enlargement 6I thereon from the lug 60 on the dog 58.
  • a pull on the cable 4E will raise the rod 20 and the head 23d on the bolt 23 will trip the dog 58 against the tension of the spring 65 so that the rod 2li will raise the levers 28 and 3l and likewise the links 3i and 35, so as to force the jaws I3 toward the closed position shown in Figure 3.
  • the bucket is then elevated above the well and the contents thereof are discharged.
  • the construction is such that the jaws I3 will not only pick up large stones but will crumble softer stones.
  • the jaws will close firmly on wet soil and raise said soil without spilling it. This is due to the fact that the side edges of the jaws move in close contact with the side walls I2 of the bucket ID.
  • Digging apparatus comprising a tubular bucket open atits lower end and having an anvil on its upper end, a pair of jaws arranged on opposite sides of said bucket adjacent said open lower end thereof and each mounted on an axis transverse of said bucket to swing inwardly from depressed separated positions to substantially touching positions in which said jaws serve to close the lower end of said bucket, a rod vertically slidable through said anvil and extending above and below said anvil, a link arranged adjacent the end of said rod extending below said anvil and having one end pivotally connected to said rod end adjacent one side thereof, a lever having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said link and having the other end pivotally connected to the wall of said bucket adjacent thereto, a second link vertically disposed within said tubular bucket and having one end ⁇ pivotally connected to said lever intermediate its ends and having the other end operatively connected to the jaw transverse axis adjacent thereto, a third link arranged adjacent the end of said rod extending below said anvil and having one end pivot pivot
  • Digging apparatus comprising a tubular bucket open at its lower end and having an anvil on its upper end, a pair of jaws arranged on opposite sides of said bucket adjacent said open lower end thereof and each mounted on an axis transverse of said bucket to swing inwardly from depressed separated positions to substantially touching positions in which said jaws serve to close the lower end of said bucket, a rod vertically slidable through said anvil and extending above and below said anvil, a link arranged adjacent the end of said rod extending below said anvil and having one end pivotally connected to said rod end adjacent one side thereof, a lever having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said link and having the other end pivotally connected to the wall of said bucket adjacent thereto, a second link vertically disposed within said tubular bucket and having one end pivotally connected to said lever intermediate its ends and having the other end operatively connected to the jaw transverse axis adjacent thereto, a third link arranged adjacent the end of said rod extending below said anvil and having one end pivotally connected to said rod end adjacent

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Description

E. J. KARHU WELL DGGER March 79 E95@ 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed OCt. l5,v 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1^? l INVENTOR.
l J KARHU WELL DIGGER Patented Mar. 7, 1950 UNITED STATESv PATENT OFFICE WELL DIGGER Ilmar J. Karhu, Ewen, Mich.
Application October 15, 1948, Serial No. 54,683
` 2 Claims.y (01.255-68) l This invention relates to an excavating apparatus and has for its object the provision of a simple and efficient digger in which a pair of jaws are movable to closed or open positions between depending extensions on a pair 'of side walls of a bucket substantially rectangular in cross section, said jaws being oscillated through levers and links suspended from an operating rod upon which is slidably mounted a hammer adapted to be dropped onto the top of the bucket by a supporting cable for forcing the buck-et and jaws into the ground, means being employed for supporting the rod on the top of the hammer when said hammer is raised for causing oscillation of the jaws to closed position.
A further object of the invention is the provision of an excavating apparatus for wells in which a pair of jaws` pivoted on and within a bucket are oscillated to closed or open position by reciprocating an operating rod having connections with the jaws, a dog being'employed for restraining movement of the rod to close said jaws until said jaws and bucket are forced into the ground to a predetermined depth when the ground will force a retaining means for the dog to an inoperative position.
The invention is best understood Afrom la con- -sideration of the following detailed description in connection with the accompanying drawing forming part of the specification, nevertheless, it is to be understood that the invention is not conned- Figure 4 is an enlarged horizontal section taken along the line 4--4 of Figure 1,
Figure 5fis a fragmentary vertical section of the stop shown in Figure 4 when the hammer is in raised position,
Figure v6 is a fragmentary verticalsection taken along the line G--E of Figure 2,
Figure 7 isa horizontal section taken along the line 'l--l of Figure 2, and
Figure 8 is a transverse vertical section taken along the line vil---B of Figure 6.
``llle'ferring more particularly to the drawings IIl designates the body of a bucket which is rectangular in cross section. The body includes a pair of parallel short side walls II and a pair of long side walls I2 extending below the bottom edges of the short side walls. A pair of oppositely swingable depending jaws I3 have their upper or inner edges welded to shafts I4 having outer ends seated in openings in the side walls I2 at the inner sides of the lower ends of the side walls I I. It will be noted from Figure 2 that the lower ends of the jaws are sheared to provide cutting edges I5 which in the depressed positions of the jaws are on a level with the sheared lower ends I 2a of the side walls I2. The jaws are slightly bowed. A head I6 supported by arms Ia above thetop of the body I0 receives the impacts of a hammer A reciprocating rod 2D is slidable in a bore 2I formed at the center of the head I6 and has its lower end projecting into the body I9 of the bucket and having a pair of spaced ears carrying a bolt 23 upon which is mounted a plate 24. A link 25 hasone end pivoted at 26 on one end of the plate 24 while the other end of said link has pivotal connections at 2l with the lower end of a lever 28v hinged at its upper end at I9 on spaced ears 30 welded Vto .a side wall I I of the bucket. A link 3| has the upper end pivoted at 32 to an intermediate portion of the lever 28 with its lower end pivoted at 33 to a lug 34 projecting from the inner face of one jaw I3. In like manner, the other jaw I3 is operated by a link 35 having pivotal connections with a lug 35 on the jaw and a lever 31 hinged at on-e end on ears 38 welded to the other side wall Il and to a link having pivotal connections with the lower end of the lever 37 and the remaining end of the plate 24. Thus,`wh`en the rod 20 is raised, the free ends I5 of the jaws I3 will be swung into engagement to close the lower end of the bucket Il), as shown in Figure l3.
lThe rod 29, passes loosely through a sleeve 4Iv having its lower end located vin a socket in the head I6 and welded thereto. The hammer I'l hasan axial bore for the sleeve upon which said hammer slides vertically. A U-shaped hanger 42 has a bight portion 43 provided with an eye 44 for the reception of a hook 45 on' the lower end of an operating cable 46. The lower ends of the legs 41 'of the hanger are welded or secured in any approved manner to the top of the hammer I'I.
'A stop generally designated by the numeral 50 is substantially rectangular in plan and includes four plane vertical walls 5I connected together by bars 52 forming the corners of the stop. A ring l53 which receives the upper end of the rod 2U is connected to the bars 52 by arms 54 forming a web. A nut 55 is threaded onto the upper end of the rod 2i) and rests upon the ring 53.
A device for retaining the jaws I3 in open position is illustrated in Figures 6 to 8 and comprises a dog 5B pivoted on a rod 59 secured at its ends to the side walls II of the bucket. The free end of the dog is adapted to engage over a head 23a on the pivot bolt 23 while a lug 60 depending from the pivoted portion of the dog is adapted to be engaged by an enlargement El on a vertically disposed latch member 62 which has a curved lower free end S3 adapted to be engaged by materials encountered in the well when the bucket is forced into said materials. The latch member has a slot 62a receiving a guide 64 which is welded to one of the side walls I2.
A ilange 65 on the guide retains the latch member on the guide. A spring 66 has one end secured to upper end of the guide 54 while the free end of said spring is in neat engagement with the dog 58 for retaining said dog in contact with the head of the bolt 23.
The operation of my device is as follows: The bucket lll is lowered into the well by the hanger 42 and the cable i6 and is supported by the engagement of the upper end of the hammer II with the ring 53 on the stop 5U. The rod 25 is then suspended by the engagement of the nut 56 with the top of the ring 53. In this disposition of the elements just described, the jaws I3 are held open (Fig. 2) by the dog 58 with the latch 62 in the lowered position wherein the enlargement 6I on the upper end of said latch is in engagement with the lug 50 on the dog 58, the dog being engaged over the head 23a of the pivot bolt 23.
When the cable 46 is lowered and the lower ends of the jaws I3 and the lower ends of the bucket wall I2 hit the ground or the bottom of a well and the downward progress of the bucket I is thereby arrested, the hammer I'I will continue falling and strike the head I6 of the bucket and thereby cause the cutting edges I of the jaws I3 and the cutting edges lZa of the walls I2 to be forced through the materials of the well bottom, The hammer may be thereafter raised and dropped several times until the bucket has been driven deep enough to cause the materials to press upwardly on the curved end 63 of the latch member 62, thereby raising said latch member and removing the enlargement 6I thereon from the lug 60 on the dog 58. A pull on the cable 4E will raise the rod 20 and the head 23d on the bolt 23 will trip the dog 58 against the tension of the spring 65 so that the rod 2li will raise the levers 28 and 3l and likewise the links 3i and 35, so as to force the jaws I3 toward the closed position shown in Figure 3. The bucket is then elevated above the well and the contents thereof are discharged.
The construction is such that the jaws I3 will not only pick up large stones but will crumble softer stones. The jaws will close firmly on wet soil and raise said soil without spilling it. This is due to the fact that the side edges of the jaws move in close contact with the side walls I2 of the bucket ID.
What I claim:
l. Digging apparatus comprising a tubular bucket open atits lower end and having an anvil on its upper end, a pair of jaws arranged on opposite sides of said bucket adjacent said open lower end thereof and each mounted on an axis transverse of said bucket to swing inwardly from depressed separated positions to substantially touching positions in which said jaws serve to close the lower end of said bucket, a rod vertically slidable through said anvil and extending above and below said anvil, a link arranged adjacent the end of said rod extending below said anvil and having one end pivotally connected to said rod end adjacent one side thereof, a lever having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said link and having the other end pivotally connected to the wall of said bucket adjacent thereto, a second link vertically disposed within said tubular bucket and having one end `pivotally connected to said lever intermediate its ends and having the other end operatively connected to the jaw transverse axis adjacent thereto, a third link arranged adjacent the end of said rod extending below said anvil and having one end pivotally connected to said r-od and adjacent the other side thereof, a second lever having one end pivotally connected to the other end o said third link and having the other end pivotally connected to the opposite wall of said bucket adjacent thereto, and a fourth link vertically disposed within said tubular bucket and having one end pivotally connected to said second lever intermediate its ends and having the other end operatively connected to the other jaw transverse axis adjacent thereto, a hammer slidably mounted on said rod above said anvil, a head on the upper end of said rod, elevating means connected to the upper end of said hammer, a stop on an upper part of said elevating means through which said rod extends slidably with its head above and arranged to engage the top of said stop when said elevating means is drawn upwardly with said hammer in a depressed position on said rod.
2. Digging apparatus comprising a tubular bucket open at its lower end and having an anvil on its upper end, a pair of jaws arranged on opposite sides of said bucket adjacent said open lower end thereof and each mounted on an axis transverse of said bucket to swing inwardly from depressed separated positions to substantially touching positions in which said jaws serve to close the lower end of said bucket, a rod vertically slidable through said anvil and extending above and below said anvil, a link arranged adjacent the end of said rod extending below said anvil and having one end pivotally connected to said rod end adjacent one side thereof, a lever having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said link and having the other end pivotally connected to the wall of said bucket adjacent thereto, a second link vertically disposed within said tubular bucket and having one end pivotally connected to said lever intermediate its ends and having the other end operatively connected to the jaw transverse axis adjacent thereto, a third link arranged adjacent the end of said rod extending below said anvil and having one end pivotally connected to said rod end adjacent the other side thereof, a second lever having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said third link and having the other end pivotally connected to the opposite wall of said bucket adjacent thereto, and a fourth link vertically disposed within said tubular bucket and having one end pivotally connected to said second lever intermediate its ends and having the other end operatively connected to the other jaw transverse axis adjacent thereto, a hammer slidbucket comprising a spring pressed dog arranged 10 to engage over a portion in the lower end of said rod while said rod is in a depressed position whereby said jaws are maintained in open positions, and a latch element operatively connected to said dog and operable by forcible entrance of material through the lower end of said bucket to release said dog and permit said rod to rise relative to said bucket and move said jaws toward their closed positions as said head is struck by said hammer upon release of said elevating means.
ILMAR J. KARI-IU.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 177,378 Creal May 16, 1876 537,729 Smith Apr. 16, 1895 l5 1,466,897 Gampher Sept. 4, 1923 1,999,115 Shinn Apr. 23, 1935 2,197,580 Jensen et al. Apr, 16, 1940
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2665767A (en) * 1952-03-10 1954-01-12 James M Green Device for removing quicksand, silt, or the like from wells
US2719698A (en) * 1951-02-01 1955-10-04 Darin & Armstrong Inc Earth boring apparatus
US2910274A (en) * 1956-06-07 1959-10-27 Loren F Scott Excavating apparatus
US3158030A (en) * 1960-10-13 1964-11-24 Tennessee Valley Authority Mechanical coal sampler
US3357506A (en) * 1964-07-28 1967-12-12 Bosredon Pierre De Drilling buckets
US3640353A (en) * 1968-10-23 1972-02-08 Giuseppe Botto Apparatus for excavation of deep holes and trenches
US3759561A (en) * 1971-11-01 1973-09-18 Caterpillar Tractor Co Ejector-type refuse container
US4604818A (en) * 1984-08-06 1986-08-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Tokyo Seisakusho Under reaming pile bore excavating bucket and method of its excavation
US4627180A (en) * 1984-01-16 1986-12-09 Harold Learnahan Excavating bucket
US5445229A (en) * 1994-09-12 1995-08-29 Delima; Robert L. Method and apparatus for drilling, cracking, and withdrawing earth cores
US6446364B1 (en) * 1999-12-16 2002-09-10 Juan Vicente Herrero Codina Grab for excavators of foundation walls and rectangular piles, and an excavator provided with said grab

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US177378A (en) * 1876-05-16 Improvement in well-borers
US537729A (en) * 1895-04-16 Earth atjgek
US1466897A (en) * 1921-02-05 1923-09-04 Gampher Paul Earth auger
US1999115A (en) * 1933-12-28 1935-04-23 Edward T Shinn Foundation boring machine
US2197580A (en) * 1938-04-25 1940-04-16 Jensen Gerhard Cable lift well auger

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US177378A (en) * 1876-05-16 Improvement in well-borers
US537729A (en) * 1895-04-16 Earth atjgek
US1466897A (en) * 1921-02-05 1923-09-04 Gampher Paul Earth auger
US1999115A (en) * 1933-12-28 1935-04-23 Edward T Shinn Foundation boring machine
US2197580A (en) * 1938-04-25 1940-04-16 Jensen Gerhard Cable lift well auger

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2719698A (en) * 1951-02-01 1955-10-04 Darin & Armstrong Inc Earth boring apparatus
US2665767A (en) * 1952-03-10 1954-01-12 James M Green Device for removing quicksand, silt, or the like from wells
US2910274A (en) * 1956-06-07 1959-10-27 Loren F Scott Excavating apparatus
US3158030A (en) * 1960-10-13 1964-11-24 Tennessee Valley Authority Mechanical coal sampler
US3357506A (en) * 1964-07-28 1967-12-12 Bosredon Pierre De Drilling buckets
US3640353A (en) * 1968-10-23 1972-02-08 Giuseppe Botto Apparatus for excavation of deep holes and trenches
US3759561A (en) * 1971-11-01 1973-09-18 Caterpillar Tractor Co Ejector-type refuse container
US4627180A (en) * 1984-01-16 1986-12-09 Harold Learnahan Excavating bucket
US4604818A (en) * 1984-08-06 1986-08-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Tokyo Seisakusho Under reaming pile bore excavating bucket and method of its excavation
US5445229A (en) * 1994-09-12 1995-08-29 Delima; Robert L. Method and apparatus for drilling, cracking, and withdrawing earth cores
US6446364B1 (en) * 1999-12-16 2002-09-10 Juan Vicente Herrero Codina Grab for excavators of foundation walls and rectangular piles, and an excavator provided with said grab

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