US2497868A - Underground exploitation of fuel deposits - Google Patents

Underground exploitation of fuel deposits Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2497868A
US2497868A US702533A US70253346A US2497868A US 2497868 A US2497868 A US 2497868A US 702533 A US702533 A US 702533A US 70253346 A US70253346 A US 70253346A US 2497868 A US2497868 A US 2497868A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
combustion
deposit
holes
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US702533A
Inventor
Dalin David
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US702533A priority Critical patent/US2497868A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2497868A publication Critical patent/US2497868A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/243Combustion in situ

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of burning and degassing subterranean fuel deposits, and more particularly to a method of burning such fuel deposits without mining them, in order to obtain the products of distillation thereof and to release and utilize their heat energy;
  • Underground deposits of such fuel minerals as shale and brown coal, having a high percentage of distillate products, are found in several locations in the United States, and are widely distributed in other parts of the world.
  • a further object of this invention resides in the provision of a method of releasing and utilizing the heat energy of underground fuel deposits without mining them.
  • Still another object of this invention resides in the cheap and convenient method which it provides for releasing the heat energy and distillate products of underground fuel deposits.
  • the numeral l designates generally an underground deposit of lignitic fuel lying'between a noncombustible layer 2 of soil and rock which extends to the earth's surface and a layer of bed rock 3 underlying the fuel bed.
  • the first step in the application of the method of this invention is to drill a series of spaced apart holes 4 into the fuel deposit. Ordinarily these holes would be drilled from the surface of the earth though they might be drilled from the terial in quantities sufllcient to maintain satis-
  • the single figure represents a sectional view 55 factory combustion.
  • the air pumped into the fuel deposit is preheated in a suitable preheater 6.
  • the preheating of the air facilitates the ignition and combustion 'of the fuel.
  • Tubes or other suitable ducts l are inserted into the holes in the combustion area 8, and a heat absorbing medium such as water or a watersteam emulsion is continuously forced through them by means of a, pump 9.
  • a heat absorbing medium such as water or a watersteam emulsion
  • the temperature of combustion of the fuel bed in the combustion area 8 may be regulated so as to keep it below the sintering temperature of the fuel.
  • the heat energy of the medium so heated may be collected at some central point III as for instance a common steam dome. This enables the heat energy absorbed from the burning fuel bed 8 to be put to useful purposes in. any known manner.
  • the tubes or ducts I are, of course, removable from the holes into which they are inserted to enable the same to be moved from place to place as required to most effectively utilize the heat of the burning fuel, and similarly the collecting unit I0 should be movable.
  • distillation of the fuel material occurs as a result of the heating of the material in that zone by combustion of the fuel which is already burning.
  • the .distillates so re- 3 leased are recovered by means of pipes I2 connected to the mouths of holes in the zone of distillation, which lead to a suitable accumulator I3 in which the distillates may be stored to be available for refinement or other desired use.
  • the initially ignited area 8 burns through, and the combustion process spreads to the residual coke l I left in the wake of distillation.
  • Dry distillation now occurs in a new zone surrounding or adjacent to the zone ll of original distillation, as a result of the combustion of the residual coke, and the distillate products in the new zone of distillation are recovered in the manner described.
  • the combustion and distillation processes will spread outward, from the point of initial ignition as a center, with distillation occurring in the zone of unburnedfuel in the neighborhood of the combustion area.
  • combustion occurs in the residual coke.
  • distillation gas may be bled off from the accumulator l3 by a valved duct l4 which leads to the inlet of the pump 5. In this manner a readily combustible gaseous fuel mixture will be pumped into the fuel bed.
  • an exhaust fan I8 is provided to more positively effect the withdrawal of the smoke and waste gases.
  • the hoods l5 are movable and the ducts l6 are adjustable to enable necessary shifting of the hoods with little or no need for moving the stack or chimney.
  • this invention provides a method for burning and degassing subterranean fuel deposits in order to release and recover from them their distillate products and heat energy without necessitating digging them out of the earth.
  • the method of degassing and burning a subterranean fuel deposit which comprises the steps of drilling a plurality of spaced apart holes into the fuel deposit from the surface of the earth; igniting the fuel deposit at one point; forcing combustion supporting fluid into the fuel deposit through at least one of the holes in order to sustain combustion of the fuel deposit; inserting tubes into the holes in the area of combustion; circulating a cooling medium through said tubes to thereby regulate the heat of combustion of the burning fuel bed to keep it below the sintering point of the fuel; and collecting from the mouths of holes in a zone adjacent to the combustion area the distillation products released by the heat of combustion.
  • the method of obtaining the heat energy and distillates of an underground fuel deposit which comprises the steps of: drilling a plurality of spaced apart holes from the surface of the earth into the fuel deposit; igniting the deposit at one point; continuously forcing combustion supporting fluid into the deposit near the point of combustion to sustain combustion; inserting tubes into holes in the deposit in the area of combustlon; passing a cooling medium through said tubes whereby the temperature of combustion of the burning fuel will be kept below the sintering point of the fuel; collecting and utilizing the heat energy absorbed by the cooling medium; and
  • the method of releasing and utilizing the heat energy of subterranean fuel deposits which comprises the steps of: boring a plurality of spaced apart holes from the surface of the earth into the fuel deposit; igniting the fuel deposit at one point: forcing combustion supporting fluid through one of said holes into the fuel deposit to sustain combustion thereof; inserting tubes in to holes in the area of combustion; passing a heat transfer medium through said tubes in such quantitles as to regulate the heat of combustion of the fuel in order to keep it below the sintering point thereof; and collecting the heat transfer medium and utilizing the heat absorbed by it.
  • the method of releasing and utilizing the heat energy of a subterranean fuel deposit which comprises the steps of: boring a plurality of spaced apart holes into the fuel deposit; igniting the fuel deposit; forcing combustion supporting fluid into the fuel deposit to sustain combustion thereof; inserting steam generating coils into the holes in the area of combustion; positively circulating a water steam emulsion from a common steam accumulator through all of the coils and back to the accumulator to thus carry off the heat of combustion and convert it into steam energy; and moving the steam generating coils from burned out areas into freshly burning areas as combustion of the fuel deposit proceeds.
  • the method of releasing and utilizing the heat energy of a subterranean fuel deposit which comprises the steps of: boring a plurality of spaced apart holes into the fuel deposit; igniting the fuel deposit; forcing combustion supporting fluid into the fuel deposit to sustain combustion thereof; inserting steam generating coils into the holes in the area of combustion; positively circulating a water steam emulsion from a common steam accumulator through all of the coils and 5 back to the accumulator to thus carry oi! the heat of combustion and convert it into steam energy: collecting the smoke and waste products of combustion issuing from the holes which lead to the burning portions of the fuel deposit; and con-- and wasteproducts to veying the collected smoke a stack.
  • the method of exploiting an underground fuel deposit which comprises: igniting the fuel deposit; forcing combustion supporting fluid into the fuel deposit to sustain the combustion thereof inserting heat exchange ducts into the fuel de posit in the area of combustion; circulating a heat exchange medium through said ducts to thereby maintain the temperature of combustion of the fuel below its sintering point; and collecting the heat exchange medium so circulated and utilizing the heat energy absorbed by it.
  • the method of exploiting an underground fuel deposit which comprises: forming a plurality of holes into the deposit; igniting the deposit; forcing combustion supporting fluid under pressure into the fuel deposit through at least one of said holes to sustain combustion; inserting heat exchange ducts into said holes in the area of combustion; circulating heat exchange medium 6 through said ducts; regulating the flow of said heat exchange medium through said ducts to thereby control the temperature of combustion of the fuel; collecting said heat exchange medium to utilize the heat absorbed by it; and collecting from the mouth of a hole in a zone adjacent to the combustion area the products of distillation released by the heat of combustion.

Description

Feb. 21, 1950 D. DALIN UNDERGROUND EXPLOI'I'A'IIO}! 0F DEPOSITS Filed Oct. 10, 1945 gu x3558? av 27 Balm 0 4m OP Patented Feb. 21, 1950 UNDERGROUND EXPLOITATION 0F FUEL DEPOSITS David Dalin, Sodertalje, Sweden Application October 10, 1946, Serial No. 702,533 8 Claims. (Cl. 2621) This invention relates to a method of burning and degassing subterranean fuel deposits, and more particularly to a method of burning such fuel deposits without mining them, in order to obtain the products of distillation thereof and to release and utilize their heat energy;
Underground deposits of such fuel minerals as shale and brown coal, having a high percentage of distillate products, are found in several locations in the United States, and are widely distributed in other parts of the world.
Heretofore it has been necessary, in order to obtain the volatile products of such deposits, to unearth them and subject them to dry distillation in large, specially constructed retorts.
Although this method is efficient in that it recovers a high percentage of the distillates present in the minerals, it nevertheless requires that the fuel be mined and specially handled.
It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide a. method of recovering the distillate products of subterranean fuel deposits without the necessity of unearthing such deposits or constructing special apparatus for their distillation.
A further object of this invention resides in the provision of a method of releasing and utilizing the heat energy of underground fuel deposits without mining them.
In this connection it is another object of this invention to provide a. steam generating unit adapted to be removably inserted into selected portions of a bed of burning subterranean fuel deposits and to be moved from place to place as combustion proceeds so as to utilize the heat energy of the fuel to the best advantage for the generation of steam.
Still another object of this invention resides in the cheap and convenient method which it provides for releasing the heat energy and distillate products of underground fuel deposits.
With the above and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, this invention resides in the novel method as hereinafter described and more particularly defined by the appended claims, it being understood that such changes in the precise embodiment of the hereindisclosed invention may be made as come within the scope'of the claims.
The accompanying drawing illustrates one complete example of the physical embodiment of the invention constructed in accordance with the best mode so far devised for the practical application of the principles thereof, and in which:
through an underground fuel deposit and illustrates one adaptation of this invention.
Referring now more particularly to the accompanying drawing, the numeral l designates generally an underground deposit of lignitic fuel lying'between a noncombustible layer 2 of soil and rock which extends to the earth's surface and a layer of bed rock 3 underlying the fuel bed.
The first step in the application of the method of this invention is to drill a series of spaced apart holes 4 into the fuel deposit. Ordinarily these holes would be drilled from the surface of the earth though they might be drilled from the terial in quantities sufllcient to maintain satis- The single figure represents a sectional view 55 factory combustion.
Preferably, though not necessarily, the air pumped into the fuel deposit is preheated in a suitable preheater 6. The preheating of the air facilitates the ignition and combustion 'of the fuel.
Tubes or other suitable ducts l are inserted into the holes in the combustion area 8, and a heat absorbing medium such as water or a watersteam emulsion is continuously forced through them by means of a, pump 9. By regulating the flow of the heat absorbing medium, the temperature of combustion of the fuel bed in the combustion area 8 may be regulated so as to keep it below the sintering temperature of the fuel.
The heat energy of the medium so heated may be collected at some central point III as for instance a common steam dome. This enables the heat energy absorbed from the burning fuel bed 8 to be put to useful purposes in. any known manner. I
The tubes or ducts I are, of course, removable from the holes into which they are inserted to enable the same to be moved from place to place as required to most effectively utilize the heat of the burning fuel, and similarly the collecting unit I0 should be movable.
In the zone 'I I surrounding the combustion area or adjacent thereto, distillation of the fuel material occurs as a result of the heating of the material in that zone by combustion of the fuel which is already burning. The .distillates so re- 3 leased are recovered by means of pipes I2 connected to the mouths of holes in the zone of distillation, which lead to a suitable accumulator I3 in which the distillates may be stored to be available for refinement or other desired use.
As the combustion process continues, the initially ignited area 8 burns through, and the combustion process spreads to the residual coke l I left in the wake of distillation.
Dry distillation now occurs in a new zone surrounding or adjacent to the zone ll of original distillation, as a result of the combustion of the residual coke, and the distillate products in the new zone of distillation are recovered in the manner described. Thus the combustion and distillation processes will spread outward, from the point of initial ignition as a center, with distillation occurring in the zone of unburnedfuel in the neighborhood of the combustion area. As distillation is completed, combustion occurs in the residual coke.
To sustain combustion and maintain the distillation process, it is only necessary that compressed air be continuously forced into the neigh borhood of the combustion area. If desired some of the distillation gas may be bled off from the accumulator l3 by a valved duct l4 which leads to the inlet of the pump 5. In this manner a readily combustible gaseous fuel mixture will be pumped into the fuel bed.
As the process advances through the fuel bed it is necessary from time to time to move the air supply 6 and the tubes 1 through which the heat absorbing medium flows, together with the pipes I2 and other means for collecting the distillate products.
The smoke and other waste products of combustion rising from the holes 4 which lead to the combustion zone are collected in hoods [5 appropiately placed over these holes, and ducts l6 carry these waste gases to a stack or chimney l'l. Preferably an exhaust fan I8 is provided to more positively effect the withdrawal of the smoke and waste gases. Like all the other apparatus, the hoods l5 are movable and the ducts l6 are adjustable to enable necessary shifting of the hoods with little or no need for moving the stack or chimney.
Since sintering of the underground fuel deposit would seriously interfere with its proper combustion, it is necessary that the temperature of combustion be kept below that at which sintering occurs in the particular fuel. This is accomplished by regulating the flow of the heat absorbing medium through the tubes or ducts l which, however, at all times serves the additional purpose of recovering the heat energy released by the burning fuel.
From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, it will be readily apparent that this invention provides a method for burning and degassing subterranean fuel deposits in order to release and recover from them their distillate products and heat energy without necessitating digging them out of the earth.
What I claim as my invention is:
1. The method of degassing and burning a subterranean fuel deposit which comprises the steps of drilling a plurality of spaced apart holes into the fuel deposit from the surface of the earth; igniting the fuel deposit at one point; forcing combustion supporting fluid into the fuel deposit through at least one of the holes in order to sustain combustion of the fuel deposit; inserting tubes into the holes in the area of combustion; circulating a cooling medium through said tubes to thereby regulate the heat of combustion of the burning fuel bed to keep it below the sintering point of the fuel; and collecting from the mouths of holes in a zone adjacent to the combustion area the distillation products released by the heat of combustion.
2. The method of obtaining the heat energy and distillates of an underground fuel deposit which comprises the steps of: drilling a plurality of spaced apart holes from the surface of the earth into the fuel deposit; igniting the deposit at one point; continuously forcing combustion supporting fluid into the deposit near the point of combustion to sustain combustion; inserting tubes into holes in the deposit in the area of combustlon; passing a cooling medium through said tubes whereby the temperature of combustion of the burning fuel will be kept below the sintering point of the fuel; collecting and utilizing the heat energy absorbed by the cooling medium; and
collecting from the mouths of holes in a zone ad- I circulating a heat transfer medium through said tubes; and collecting said heat transfer medium and utilizing the heat energy absorbed thereby.
4. The method of releasing and utilizing the heat energy of subterranean fuel deposits which comprises the steps of: boring a plurality of spaced apart holes from the surface of the earth into the fuel deposit; igniting the fuel deposit at one point: forcing combustion supporting fluid through one of said holes into the fuel deposit to sustain combustion thereof; inserting tubes in to holes in the area of combustion; passing a heat transfer medium through said tubes in such quantitles as to regulate the heat of combustion of the fuel in order to keep it below the sintering point thereof; and collecting the heat transfer medium and utilizing the heat absorbed by it.
5. The method of releasing and utilizing the heat energy of a subterranean fuel deposit which comprises the steps of: boring a plurality of spaced apart holes into the fuel deposit; igniting the fuel deposit; forcing combustion supporting fluid into the fuel deposit to sustain combustion thereof; inserting steam generating coils into the holes in the area of combustion; positively circulating a water steam emulsion from a common steam accumulator through all of the coils and back to the accumulator to thus carry off the heat of combustion and convert it into steam energy; and moving the steam generating coils from burned out areas into freshly burning areas as combustion of the fuel deposit proceeds.
6. The method of releasing and utilizing the heat energy of a subterranean fuel deposit which comprises the steps of: boring a plurality of spaced apart holes into the fuel deposit; igniting the fuel deposit; forcing combustion supporting fluid into the fuel deposit to sustain combustion thereof; inserting steam generating coils into the holes in the area of combustion; positively circulating a water steam emulsion from a common steam accumulator through all of the coils and 5 back to the accumulator to thus carry oi! the heat of combustion and convert it into steam energy: collecting the smoke and waste products of combustion issuing from the holes which lead to the burning portions of the fuel deposit; and con-- and wasteproducts to veying the collected smoke a stack.
7. The method of exploiting an underground fuel deposit which comprises: igniting the fuel deposit; forcing combustion supporting fluid into the fuel deposit to sustain the combustion thereof inserting heat exchange ducts into the fuel de posit in the area of combustion; circulating a heat exchange medium through said ducts to thereby maintain the temperature of combustion of the fuel below its sintering point; and collecting the heat exchange medium so circulated and utilizing the heat energy absorbed by it.
8. The method of exploiting an underground fuel deposit which comprises: forming a plurality of holes into the deposit; igniting the deposit; forcing combustion supporting fluid under pressure into the fuel deposit through at least one of said holes to sustain combustion; inserting heat exchange ducts into said holes in the area of combustion; circulating heat exchange medium 6 through said ducts; regulating the flow of said heat exchange medium through said ducts to thereby control the temperature of combustion of the fuel; collecting said heat exchange medium to utilize the heat absorbed by it; and collecting from the mouth of a hole in a zone adjacent to the combustion area the products of distillation released by the heat of combustion.
DAVID DALIN.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,913,395 Karrick June 13, 1933 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 200,423 Germany July 17, 1908 OTHER REFERENCES American Gas Journal, pp. 28 and 29, January 1944.
US702533A 1946-10-10 1946-10-10 Underground exploitation of fuel deposits Expired - Lifetime US2497868A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US702533A US2497868A (en) 1946-10-10 1946-10-10 Underground exploitation of fuel deposits

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US702533A US2497868A (en) 1946-10-10 1946-10-10 Underground exploitation of fuel deposits

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2497868A true US2497868A (en) 1950-02-21

Family

ID=24821593

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US702533A Expired - Lifetime US2497868A (en) 1946-10-10 1946-10-10 Underground exploitation of fuel deposits

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2497868A (en)

Cited By (64)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2761663A (en) * 1952-09-05 1956-09-04 Louis F Gerdetz Process of underground gasification of coal
US2780449A (en) * 1952-12-26 1957-02-05 Sinclair Oil & Gas Co Thermal process for in-situ decomposition of oil shale
US2786660A (en) * 1948-01-05 1957-03-26 Phillips Petroleum Co Apparatus for gasifying coal
US2795279A (en) * 1952-04-17 1957-06-11 Electrotherm Res Corp Method of underground electrolinking and electrocarbonization of mineral fuels
DE1024036B (en) * 1952-05-16 1958-02-13 Otto Kriegbaum Process for heating an oil deposit for secondary extraction
US2841375A (en) * 1954-03-03 1958-07-01 Svenska Skifferolje Ab Method for in-situ utilization of fuels by combustion
US2889882A (en) * 1956-06-06 1959-06-09 Phillips Petroleum Co Oil recovery by in situ combustion
US2901043A (en) * 1955-07-29 1959-08-25 Pan American Petroleum Corp Heavy oil recovery
US2902270A (en) * 1953-07-17 1959-09-01 Svenska Skifferolje Ab Method of and means in heating of subsurface fuel-containing deposits "in situ"
US2914309A (en) * 1953-05-25 1959-11-24 Svenska Skifferolje Ab Oil and gas recovery from tar sands
US2917112A (en) * 1956-11-13 1959-12-15 Phillips Petroleum Co Inverse air injection technique
US2946382A (en) * 1956-09-19 1960-07-26 Phillips Petroleum Co Process for recovering hydrocarbons from underground formations
US2954217A (en) * 1957-12-30 1960-09-27 Texaco Inc Iodine extraction from underground waters
US3109487A (en) * 1959-12-29 1963-11-05 Texaco Inc Petroleum production by secondary recovery
US3126955A (en) * 1964-03-31 Oil recovery process
US3246697A (en) * 1958-09-08 1966-04-19 Richfield Oil Corp Apparatus including a nuclear reactor for heating injection gases
US3379248A (en) * 1965-12-10 1968-04-23 Mobil Oil Corp In situ combustion process utilizing waste heat
US3954140A (en) * 1975-08-13 1976-05-04 Hendrick Robert P Recovery of hydrocarbons by in situ thermal extraction
US4018279A (en) * 1975-11-12 1977-04-19 Reynolds Merrill J In situ coal combustion heat recovery method
US4019577A (en) * 1976-02-23 1977-04-26 Mobil Oil Corporation Thermal energy production by in situ combustion of coal
US4031956A (en) * 1976-02-12 1977-06-28 In Situ Technology, Inc. Method of recovering energy from subsurface petroleum reservoirs
US4092052A (en) * 1977-04-18 1978-05-30 In Situ Technology, Inc. Converting underground coal fires into commercial products
US4109718A (en) * 1975-12-29 1978-08-29 Occidental Oil Shale, Inc. Method of breaking shale oil-water emulsion
US4153110A (en) * 1977-06-13 1979-05-08 Occidental Oil Shale, Inc. Ignition of fragmented oil shale below a sill pillar in an in situ oil shale retort
US4248302A (en) * 1979-04-26 1981-02-03 Otis Engineering Corporation Method and apparatus for recovering viscous petroleum from tar sand
US4995460A (en) * 1989-12-18 1991-02-26 Strahan Ronald L Method and apparatus for disposing of water at gas wells
US5335728A (en) * 1992-07-31 1994-08-09 Strahan Ronald L Method and apparatus for disposing of water at gas wells
US20020027001A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2002-03-07 Wellington Scott L. In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce a selected gas mixture
US20030079877A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-05-01 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of a relatively impermeable formation in a reducing environment
US20030080604A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-05-01 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal processing and inhibiting migration of fluids into or out of an in situ oil shale formation
US20030098149A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-05-29 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation using gas to increase mobility
US6588504B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2003-07-08 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce nitrogen and/or sulfur containing formation fluids
US20030155111A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-08-21 Shell Oil Co In situ thermal processing of a tar sands formation
US20030173081A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-09-18 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal processing of an oil reservoir formation
US20030173082A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-09-18 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal processing of a heavy oil diatomite formation
US20030173072A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-09-18 Vinegar Harold J. Forming openings in a hydrocarbon containing formation using magnetic tracking
US20030173085A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-09-18 Vinegar Harold J. Upgrading and mining of coal
US20030178191A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2003-09-25 Maher Kevin Albert In situ recovery from a kerogen and liquid hydrocarbon containing formation
US20040020642A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2004-02-05 Vinegar Harold J. In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation using conductor-in-conduit heat sources with an electrically conductive material in the overburden
US6698515B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-03-02 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a relatively slow heating rate
US6715548B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-06 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce nitrogen containing formation fluids
US6715546B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-06 Shell Oil Company In situ production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon containing formation through a heat source wellbore
US20040140095A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-07-22 Vinegar Harold J. Staged and/or patterned heating during in situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20050269088A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-12-08 Vinegar Harold J Inhibiting effects of sloughing in wellbores
US7090013B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-08-15 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce heated fluids
US7096953B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2006-08-29 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a movable heating element
US7121342B2 (en) 2003-04-24 2006-10-17 Shell Oil Company Thermal processes for subsurface formations
US20070045268A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-03-01 Vinegar Harold J Varying properties along lengths of temperature limited heaters
US20070095536A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-05-03 Vinegar Harold J Cogeneration systems and processes for treating hydrocarbon containing formations
US20070108201A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-05-17 Vinegar Harold J Insulated conductor temperature limited heater for subsurface heating coupled in a three-phase wye configuration
US20080017380A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2008-01-24 Vinegar Harold J Non-ferromagnetic overburden casing
US20080128134A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-06-05 Ramesh Raju Mudunuri Producing drive fluid in situ in tar sands formations
US20090071652A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-03-19 Vinegar Harold J In situ heat treatment from multiple layers of a tar sands formation
US20090189617A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-07-30 David Burns Continuous subsurface heater temperature measurement
US20090260823A1 (en) * 2008-04-18 2009-10-22 Robert George Prince-Wright Mines and tunnels for use in treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US20100089584A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-15 David Booth Burns Double insulated heaters for treating subsurface formations
US20100258291A1 (en) * 2009-04-10 2010-10-14 Everett De St Remey Edward Heated liners for treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US8631866B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-01-21 Shell Oil Company Leak detection in circulated fluid systems for heating subsurface formations
US8701768B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-04-22 Shell Oil Company Methods for treating hydrocarbon formations
US8820406B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-09-02 Shell Oil Company Electrodes for electrical current flow heating of subsurface formations with conductive material in wellbore
US9016370B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2015-04-28 Shell Oil Company Partial solution mining of hydrocarbon containing layers prior to in situ heat treatment
US9033042B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2015-05-19 Shell Oil Company Forming bitumen barriers in subsurface hydrocarbon formations
US9309755B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2016-04-12 Shell Oil Company Thermal expansion accommodation for circulated fluid systems used to heat subsurface formations
US10047594B2 (en) 2012-01-23 2018-08-14 Genie Ip B.V. Heater pattern for in situ thermal processing of a subsurface hydrocarbon containing formation

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE200423C (en) * 1907-07-24
US1913395A (en) * 1929-11-14 1933-06-13 Lewis C Karrick Underground gasification of carbonaceous material-bearing substances

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE200423C (en) * 1907-07-24
US1913395A (en) * 1929-11-14 1933-06-13 Lewis C Karrick Underground gasification of carbonaceous material-bearing substances

Cited By (484)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3126955A (en) * 1964-03-31 Oil recovery process
US2786660A (en) * 1948-01-05 1957-03-26 Phillips Petroleum Co Apparatus for gasifying coal
US2795279A (en) * 1952-04-17 1957-06-11 Electrotherm Res Corp Method of underground electrolinking and electrocarbonization of mineral fuels
DE1024036B (en) * 1952-05-16 1958-02-13 Otto Kriegbaum Process for heating an oil deposit for secondary extraction
US2761663A (en) * 1952-09-05 1956-09-04 Louis F Gerdetz Process of underground gasification of coal
US2780449A (en) * 1952-12-26 1957-02-05 Sinclair Oil & Gas Co Thermal process for in-situ decomposition of oil shale
US2914309A (en) * 1953-05-25 1959-11-24 Svenska Skifferolje Ab Oil and gas recovery from tar sands
US2902270A (en) * 1953-07-17 1959-09-01 Svenska Skifferolje Ab Method of and means in heating of subsurface fuel-containing deposits "in situ"
US2841375A (en) * 1954-03-03 1958-07-01 Svenska Skifferolje Ab Method for in-situ utilization of fuels by combustion
US2901043A (en) * 1955-07-29 1959-08-25 Pan American Petroleum Corp Heavy oil recovery
US2889882A (en) * 1956-06-06 1959-06-09 Phillips Petroleum Co Oil recovery by in situ combustion
US2946382A (en) * 1956-09-19 1960-07-26 Phillips Petroleum Co Process for recovering hydrocarbons from underground formations
US2917112A (en) * 1956-11-13 1959-12-15 Phillips Petroleum Co Inverse air injection technique
US2954217A (en) * 1957-12-30 1960-09-27 Texaco Inc Iodine extraction from underground waters
US3246697A (en) * 1958-09-08 1966-04-19 Richfield Oil Corp Apparatus including a nuclear reactor for heating injection gases
US3109487A (en) * 1959-12-29 1963-11-05 Texaco Inc Petroleum production by secondary recovery
US3379248A (en) * 1965-12-10 1968-04-23 Mobil Oil Corp In situ combustion process utilizing waste heat
US3954140A (en) * 1975-08-13 1976-05-04 Hendrick Robert P Recovery of hydrocarbons by in situ thermal extraction
US4018279A (en) * 1975-11-12 1977-04-19 Reynolds Merrill J In situ coal combustion heat recovery method
US4109718A (en) * 1975-12-29 1978-08-29 Occidental Oil Shale, Inc. Method of breaking shale oil-water emulsion
US4031956A (en) * 1976-02-12 1977-06-28 In Situ Technology, Inc. Method of recovering energy from subsurface petroleum reservoirs
US4019577A (en) * 1976-02-23 1977-04-26 Mobil Oil Corporation Thermal energy production by in situ combustion of coal
US4092052A (en) * 1977-04-18 1978-05-30 In Situ Technology, Inc. Converting underground coal fires into commercial products
US4153110A (en) * 1977-06-13 1979-05-08 Occidental Oil Shale, Inc. Ignition of fragmented oil shale below a sill pillar in an in situ oil shale retort
US4248302A (en) * 1979-04-26 1981-02-03 Otis Engineering Corporation Method and apparatus for recovering viscous petroleum from tar sand
US4995460A (en) * 1989-12-18 1991-02-26 Strahan Ronald L Method and apparatus for disposing of water at gas wells
US5335728A (en) * 1992-07-31 1994-08-09 Strahan Ronald L Method and apparatus for disposing of water at gas wells
US7096941B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2006-08-29 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation with heat sources located at an edge of a coal layer
US6749021B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-06-15 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a controlled heating rate
US20020046883A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2002-04-25 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using pressure and/or temperature control
US20020049360A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2002-04-25 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce a mixture including ammonia
US20020076212A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2002-06-20 Etuan Zhang In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation producing a mixture with oxygenated hydrocarbons
US20020132862A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2002-09-19 Vinegar Harold J. Production of synthesis gas from a coal formation
US20090101346A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2009-04-23 Shell Oil Company, Inc. In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US7798221B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2010-09-21 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20110088904A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2011-04-21 De Rouffignac Eric Pierre In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US8225866B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2012-07-24 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20020027001A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2002-03-07 Wellington Scott L. In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce a selected gas mixture
US8485252B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2013-07-16 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US8789586B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2014-07-29 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US7096953B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2006-08-29 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a movable heating element
US7086468B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2006-08-08 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using heat sources positioned within open wellbores
US7036583B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2006-05-02 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to increase a porosity of the formation
US6581684B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2003-06-24 Shell Oil Company In Situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce sulfur containing formation fluids
US7017661B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2006-03-28 Shell Oil Company Production of synthesis gas from a coal formation
US6948563B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-09-27 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with a selected hydrogen content
US7011154B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2006-03-14 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from a kerogen and liquid hydrocarbon containing formation
US6591906B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2003-07-15 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with a selected oxygen content
US6591907B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2003-07-15 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation with a selected vitrinite reflectance
US6997255B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2006-02-14 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation in a reducing environment
US6994168B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2006-02-07 Scott Lee Wellington In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with a selected hydrogen to carbon ratio
US6994161B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2006-02-07 Kevin Albert Maher In situ thermal processing of a coal formation with a selected moisture content
US6994160B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2006-02-07 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce hydrocarbons having a selected carbon number range
US6991031B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2006-01-31 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to convert a selected total organic carbon content into hydrocarbon products
US6973967B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-12-13 Shell Oil Company Situ thermal processing of a coal formation using pressure and/or temperature control
US6966372B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-11-22 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce oxygen containing formation fluids
US6959761B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-11-01 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation with a selected ratio of heat sources to production wells
US6953087B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-10-11 Shell Oil Company Thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to increase a permeability of the formation
US20020040778A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2002-04-11 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with a selected hydrogen content
US6588504B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2003-07-08 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce nitrogen and/or sulfur containing formation fluids
US6923258B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-08-02 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processsing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce a mixture with a selected hydrogen content
US6913078B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-07-05 Shell Oil Company In Situ thermal processing of hydrocarbons within a relatively impermeable formation
US6607033B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2003-08-19 Shell Oil Company In Situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce a condensate
US6910536B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-06-28 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a natural distributed combustor
US6609570B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2003-08-26 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation and ammonia production
US6902004B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-06-07 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a movable heating element
US6902003B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-06-07 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation having a selected total organic carbon content
US6896053B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-05-24 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using repeating triangular patterns of heat sources
US6889769B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-05-10 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with a selected moisture content
US6880635B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-04-19 Shell Oil Company In situ production of synthesis gas from a coal formation, the synthesis gas having a selected H2 to CO ratio
US6877554B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-04-12 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using pressure and/or temperature control
US6871707B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-03-29 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with carbon dioxide sequestration
US20030178191A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2003-09-25 Maher Kevin Albert In situ recovery from a kerogen and liquid hydrocarbon containing formation
US6866097B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2005-03-15 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to increase a permeability/porosity of the formation
US6820688B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-11-23 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of coal formation with a selected hydrogen content and/or selected H/C ratio
US6805195B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-10-19 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce hydrocarbon fluids and synthesis gas
US6789625B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-09-14 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using exposed metal heat sources
US6769485B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-08-03 Shell Oil Company In situ production of synthesis gas from a coal formation through a heat source wellbore
US6769483B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-08-03 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using conductor in conduit heat sources
US6763886B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-07-20 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation with carbon dioxide sequestration
US6761216B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-07-13 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce hydrocarbon fluids and synthesis gas
US6758268B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-07-06 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a relatively slow heating rate
US6688387B1 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-02-10 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce a hydrocarbon condensate
US6698515B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-03-02 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a relatively slow heating rate
US6752210B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-06-22 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using heat sources positioned within open wellbores
US6702016B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-03-09 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with heat sources located at an edge of a formation layer
US6708758B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-03-23 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation leaving one or more selected unprocessed areas
US6712136B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-03-30 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a selected production well spacing
US6712137B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-03-30 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to pyrolyze a selected percentage of hydrocarbon material
US6712135B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-03-30 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation in reducing environment
US6715548B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-06 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce nitrogen containing formation fluids
US6715547B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-06 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to form a substantially uniform, high permeability formation
US6715549B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-06 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with a selected atomic oxygen to carbon ratio
US6715546B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-06 Shell Oil Company In situ production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon containing formation through a heat source wellbore
US6719047B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-13 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation in a hydrogen-rich environment
US6722429B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-20 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation leaving one or more selected unprocessed areas
US6722431B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-20 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of hydrocarbons within a relatively permeable formation
US6722430B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-20 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation with a selected oxygen content and/or selected O/C ratio
US6725928B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-27 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a distributed combustor
US6725920B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-27 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to convert a selected amount of total organic carbon into hydrocarbon products
US6725921B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-04-27 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation by controlling a pressure of the formation
US6729397B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-05-04 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with a selected vitrinite reflectance
US6729396B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-05-04 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce hydrocarbons having a selected carbon number range
US6729401B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-05-04 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation and ammonia production
US6729395B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-05-04 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with a selected ratio of heat sources to production wells
US6732795B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-05-11 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to pyrolyze a selected percentage of hydrocarbon material
US6732796B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-05-11 Shell Oil Company In situ production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon containing formation, the synthesis gas having a selected H2 to CO ratio
US6732794B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-05-11 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce a mixture with a selected hydrogen content
US6736215B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-05-18 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation, in situ production of synthesis gas, and carbon dioxide sequestration
US6739394B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-05-25 Shell Oil Company Production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US6739393B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-05-25 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation and tuning production
US6742587B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-06-01 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to form a substantially uniform, relatively high permeable formation
US6742593B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-06-01 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using heat transfer from a heat transfer fluid to heat the formation
US6742589B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-06-01 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using repeating triangular patterns of heat sources
US6742588B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-06-01 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce formation fluids having a relatively low olefin content
US6745832B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-06-08 Shell Oil Company Situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to control product composition
US6745837B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-06-08 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a controlled heating rate
US6745831B2 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-06-08 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation by controlling a pressure of the formation
US20030131994A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-07-17 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal processing and solution mining of an oil shale formation
US7051807B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-05-30 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation with quality control
US20030079877A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-05-01 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of a relatively impermeable formation in a reducing environment
US20030209348A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-11-13 Ward John Michael In situ thermal processing and remediation of an oil shale formation
US7735935B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2010-06-15 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation containing carbonate minerals
US20030080604A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-05-01 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal processing and inhibiting migration of fluids into or out of an in situ oil shale formation
US20100270015A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2010-10-28 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation
US20030098149A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-05-29 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation using gas to increase mobility
US20030098605A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-05-29 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation
US20030100451A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-05-29 Messier Margaret Ann In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation with backproduction through a heater wellbore
US20030102126A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-06-05 Sumnu-Dindoruk Meliha Deniz In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation with controlled production rate
US7225866B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2007-06-05 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using a pattern of heat sources
US20030102130A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-06-05 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation with quality control
US20060213657A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2006-09-28 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using a pattern of heat sources
US20040211557A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2004-10-28 Cole Anthony Thomas Conductor-in-conduit heat sources for in situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation
US20080314593A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2008-12-25 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using a pattern of heat sources
US20040211554A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2004-10-28 Vinegar Harold J. Heat sources with conductive material for in situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation
US20030102124A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-06-05 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal processing of a blending agent from a relatively permeable formation
US7096942B1 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-08-29 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a relatively permeable formation while controlling pressure
US20030102125A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-06-05 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of a relatively permeable formation in a reducing environment
US7066254B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-06-27 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a tar sands formation
US20030173080A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-09-18 Berchenko Ilya Emil In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using a pattern of heat sources
US6877555B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2005-04-12 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation while inhibiting coking
US7055600B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-06-06 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation with controlled production rate
US6880633B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2005-04-19 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation to produce a desired product
US7051811B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-05-30 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing through an open wellbore in an oil shale formation
US7040397B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-05-09 Shell Oil Company Thermal processing of an oil shale formation to increase permeability of the formation
US7040400B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-05-09 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a relatively impermeable formation using an open wellbore
US20030173078A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-09-18 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation to produce a condensate
US20030164239A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-09-04 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation in a reducing environment
US20030155111A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-08-21 Shell Oil Co In situ thermal processing of a tar sands formation
US20030148894A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-08-07 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using a natural distributed combustor
US6915850B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2005-07-12 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation having permeable and impermeable sections
US6918443B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2005-07-19 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation to produce hydrocarbons having a selected carbon number range
US6918442B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2005-07-19 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation in a reducing environment
US20030146002A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-08-07 Vinegar Harold J. Removable heat sources for in situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation
US6923257B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2005-08-02 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation to produce a condensate
US6929067B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2005-08-16 Shell Oil Company Heat sources with conductive material for in situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation
US7040399B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-05-09 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using a controlled heating rate
US7040398B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-05-09 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a relatively permeable formation in a reducing environment
US20030141066A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-07-31 Karanikas John Michael In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation while inhibiting coking
US20030141068A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-07-31 Pierre De Rouffignac Eric In situ thermal processing through an open wellbore in an oil shale formation
US20030141067A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-07-31 Rouffignac Eric Pierre De In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation to increase permeability of the formation
US20030142964A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-07-31 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using a controlled heating rate
US6964300B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2005-11-15 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation with backproduction through a heater wellbore
US6966374B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2005-11-22 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation using gas to increase mobility
US20030136559A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-07-24 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing while controlling pressure in an oil shale formation
US20030111223A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-06-19 Rouffignac Eric Pierre De In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using horizontal heat sources
US7032660B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-04-25 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing and inhibiting migration of fluids into or out of an in situ oil shale formation
US20030116315A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-06-26 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of a relatively permeable formation
US7013972B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-03-21 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using a natural distributed combustor
US20030130136A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-07-10 Rouffignac Eric Pierre De In situ thermal processing of a relatively impermeable formation using an open wellbore
US7004247B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-02-28 Shell Oil Company Conductor-in-conduit heat sources for in situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation
US7004251B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-02-28 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing and remediation of an oil shale formation
US6948562B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2005-09-27 Shell Oil Company Production of a blending agent using an in situ thermal process in a relatively permeable formation
US20030131995A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-07-17 De Rouffignac Eric Pierre In situ thermal processing of a relatively impermeable formation to increase permeability of the formation
US6997518B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-02-14 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing and solution mining of an oil shale formation
US6951247B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2005-10-04 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using horizontal heat sources
US20030137181A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-07-24 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation to produce hydrocarbons having a selected carbon number range
US6981548B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-01-03 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation
US20030131993A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-07-17 Etuan Zhang In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation with a selected property
US6991033B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-01-31 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing while controlling pressure in an oil shale formation
US20030131996A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-07-17 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation having permeable and impermeable sections
US20030136558A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-07-24 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation to produce a desired product
US6991032B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-01-31 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using a pattern of heat sources
US6991036B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-01-31 Shell Oil Company Thermal processing of a relatively permeable formation
US6994169B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2006-02-07 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation with a selected property
US7077199B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-07-18 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of an oil reservoir formation
US20050092483A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2005-05-05 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a natural distributed combustor
US20040020642A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2004-02-05 Vinegar Harold J. In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation using conductor-in-conduit heat sources with an electrically conductive material in the overburden
US20030192691A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-10-16 Vinegar Harold J. In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation using barriers
US20030205378A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-11-06 Wellington Scott Lee In situ recovery from lean and rich zones in a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20030201098A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-10-30 Karanikas John Michael In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation using one or more simulations
US20030196788A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-10-23 Vinegar Harold J. Producing hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbon containing materials when treating a hydrocarbon containing formation
US8627887B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2014-01-14 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20030196801A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-10-23 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation via backproducing through a heater well
US20070209799A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2007-09-13 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US6991045B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-01-31 Shell Oil Company Forming openings in a hydrocarbon containing formation using magnetic tracking
US6969123B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2005-11-29 Shell Oil Company Upgrading and mining of coal
US7165615B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2007-01-23 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation using conductor-in-conduit heat sources with an electrically conductive material in the overburden
US6932155B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2005-08-23 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation via backproducing through a heater well
US20030173081A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-09-18 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal processing of an oil reservoir formation
US20030173082A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-09-18 Vinegar Harold J. In situ thermal processing of a heavy oil diatomite formation
US7051808B1 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-05-30 Shell Oil Company Seismic monitoring of in situ conversion in a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20030196810A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-10-23 Vinegar Harold J. Treatment of a hydrocarbon containing formation after heating
US7077198B2 (en) * 2001-10-24 2006-07-18 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation using barriers
US20030173072A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-09-18 Vinegar Harold J. Forming openings in a hydrocarbon containing formation using magnetic tracking
US7063145B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-06-20 Shell Oil Company Methods and systems for heating a hydrocarbon containing formation in situ with an opening contacting the earth's surface at two locations
US20030173085A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-09-18 Vinegar Harold J. Upgrading and mining of coal
US7066257B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-06-27 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from lean and rich zones in a hydrocarbon containing formation
US7156176B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2007-01-02 Shell Oil Company Installation and use of removable heaters in a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20040040715A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2004-03-04 Wellington Scott Lee In situ production of a blending agent from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US7461691B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2008-12-09 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US7128153B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-10-31 Shell Oil Company Treatment of a hydrocarbon containing formation after heating
US7086465B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-08-08 Shell Oil Company In situ production of a blending agent from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US7090013B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-08-15 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce heated fluids
US7114566B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-10-03 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a natural distributed combustor
US20030196789A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-10-23 Wellington Scott Lee In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation and upgrading of produced fluids prior to further treatment
US20040211569A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2004-10-28 Vinegar Harold J. Installation and use of removable heaters in a hydrocarbon containing formation
US7100994B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-09-05 Shell Oil Company Producing hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbon containing materials when treating a hydrocarbon containing formation
US7104319B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-09-12 Shell Oil Company In situ thermal processing of a heavy oil diatomite formation
US20040145969A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-07-29 Taixu Bai Inhibiting wellbore deformation during in situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20040144541A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-07-29 Picha Mark Gregory Forming wellbores using acoustic methods
US7121341B2 (en) 2002-10-24 2006-10-17 Shell Oil Company Conductor-in-conduit temperature limited heaters
US7219734B2 (en) 2002-10-24 2007-05-22 Shell Oil Company Inhibiting wellbore deformation during in situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20040140095A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-07-22 Vinegar Harold J. Staged and/or patterned heating during in situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation
US8224163B2 (en) 2002-10-24 2012-07-17 Shell Oil Company Variable frequency temperature limited heaters
US7073578B2 (en) 2002-10-24 2006-07-11 Shell Oil Company Staged and/or patterned heating during in situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation
US8224164B2 (en) 2002-10-24 2012-07-17 Shell Oil Company Insulated conductor temperature limited heaters
US20040144540A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-07-29 Sandberg Chester Ledlie High voltage temperature limited heaters
US20050006097A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2005-01-13 Sandberg Chester Ledlie Variable frequency temperature limited heaters
US8238730B2 (en) 2002-10-24 2012-08-07 Shell Oil Company High voltage temperature limited heaters
US20040146288A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-07-29 Vinegar Harold J. Temperature limited heaters for heating subsurface formations or wellbores
US7942203B2 (en) 2003-04-24 2011-05-17 Shell Oil Company Thermal processes for subsurface formations
US7360588B2 (en) 2003-04-24 2008-04-22 Shell Oil Company Thermal processes for subsurface formations
US8579031B2 (en) 2003-04-24 2013-11-12 Shell Oil Company Thermal processes for subsurface formations
US7640980B2 (en) 2003-04-24 2010-01-05 Shell Oil Company Thermal processes for subsurface formations
US7121342B2 (en) 2003-04-24 2006-10-17 Shell Oil Company Thermal processes for subsurface formations
US7353872B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2008-04-08 Shell Oil Company Start-up of temperature limited heaters using direct current (DC)
US20050269077A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-12-08 Sandberg Chester L Start-up of temperature limited heaters using direct current (DC)
US20060005968A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2006-01-12 Vinegar Harold J Temperature limited heaters with relatively constant current
US7481274B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2009-01-27 Shell Oil Company Temperature limited heaters with relatively constant current
US8355623B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2013-01-15 Shell Oil Company Temperature limited heaters with high power factors
US7490665B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2009-02-17 Shell Oil Company Variable frequency temperature limited heaters
US7431076B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2008-10-07 Shell Oil Company Temperature limited heaters using modulated DC power
US7424915B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2008-09-16 Shell Oil Company Vacuum pumping of conductor-in-conduit heaters
US7510000B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2009-03-31 Shell Oil Company Reducing viscosity of oil for production from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20050269090A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-12-08 Vinegar Harold J Temperature limited heaters with thermally conductive fluid used to heat subsurface formations
US20050269091A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-12-08 Guillermo Pastor-Sanz Reducing viscosity of oil for production from a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20050269093A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-12-08 Sandberg Chester L Variable frequency temperature limited heaters
US20050269092A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-12-08 Vinegar Harold J Vacuum pumping of conductor-in-conduit heaters
US20050269095A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-12-08 Fairbanks Michael D Inhibiting reflux in a heated well of an in situ conversion system
US7383877B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2008-06-10 Shell Oil Company Temperature limited heaters with thermally conductive fluid used to heat subsurface formations
US7370704B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2008-05-13 Shell Oil Company Triaxial temperature limited heater
US7320364B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2008-01-22 Shell Oil Company Inhibiting reflux in a heated well of an in situ conversion system
US20050269089A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-12-08 Sandberg Chester L Temperature limited heaters using modulated DC power
US20060289536A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2006-12-28 Vinegar Harold J Subsurface electrical heaters using nitride insulation
US20050269313A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-12-08 Vinegar Harold J Temperature limited heaters with high power factors
US20050269094A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-12-08 Harris Christopher K Triaxial temperature limited heater
US7357180B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2008-04-15 Shell Oil Company Inhibiting effects of sloughing in wellbores
US20050269088A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-12-08 Vinegar Harold J Inhibiting effects of sloughing in wellbores
US20070119098A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-05-31 Zaida Diaz Treatment of gas from an in situ conversion process
US20070045268A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-03-01 Vinegar Harold J Varying properties along lengths of temperature limited heaters
US7986869B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2011-07-26 Shell Oil Company Varying properties along lengths of temperature limited heaters
US8224165B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2012-07-17 Shell Oil Company Temperature limited heater utilizing non-ferromagnetic conductor
US7575053B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2009-08-18 Shell Oil Company Low temperature monitoring system for subsurface barriers
US7942197B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2011-05-17 Shell Oil Company Methods and systems for producing fluid from an in situ conversion process
US20070045267A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-03-01 Vinegar Harold J Subsurface connection methods for subsurface heaters
US20070144732A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-06-28 Kim Dong S Low temperature barriers for use with in situ processes
US7860377B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2010-12-28 Shell Oil Company Subsurface connection methods for subsurface heaters
US7831134B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2010-11-09 Shell Oil Company Grouped exposed metal heaters
US7831133B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2010-11-09 Shell Oil Company Insulated conductor temperature limited heater for subsurface heating coupled in a three-phase WYE configuration
US7575052B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2009-08-18 Shell Oil Company In situ conversion process utilizing a closed loop heating system
US20070133961A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-06-14 Fairbanks Michael D Methods and systems for producing fluid from an in situ conversion process
US8233782B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2012-07-31 Shell Oil Company Grouped exposed metal heaters
US8070840B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2011-12-06 Shell Oil Company Treatment of gas from an in situ conversion process
US8027571B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2011-09-27 Shell Oil Company In situ conversion process systems utilizing wellbores in at least two regions of a formation
US20070137856A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-06-21 Mckinzie Billy J Double barrier system for an in situ conversion process
US7546873B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2009-06-16 Shell Oil Company Low temperature barriers for use with in situ processes
US7527094B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2009-05-05 Shell Oil Company Double barrier system for an in situ conversion process
US20070133960A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-06-14 Vinegar Harold J In situ conversion process systems utilizing wellbores in at least two regions of a formation
US8230927B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2012-07-31 Shell Oil Company Methods and systems for producing fluid from an in situ conversion process
US20080217321A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2008-09-11 Vinegar Harold J Temperature limited heater utilizing non-ferromagnetic conductor
US7500528B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2009-03-10 Shell Oil Company Low temperature barrier wellbores formed using water flushing
US20070045265A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-03-01 Mckinzie Billy J Ii Low temperature barriers with heat interceptor wells for in situ processes
US20070045266A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-03-01 Sandberg Chester L In situ conversion process utilizing a closed loop heating system
US7435037B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2008-10-14 Shell Oil Company Low temperature barriers with heat interceptor wells for in situ processes
US20070133959A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-06-14 Vinegar Harold J Grouped exposed metal heaters
US20070108200A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-05-17 Mckinzie Billy J Ii Low temperature barrier wellbores formed using water flushing
US20070108201A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2007-05-17 Vinegar Harold J Insulated conductor temperature limited heater for subsurface heating coupled in a three-phase wye configuration
US20070131419A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-06-14 Maria Roes Augustinus W Methods of producing alkylated hydrocarbons from an in situ heat treatment process liquid
US7556095B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2009-07-07 Shell Oil Company Solution mining dawsonite from hydrocarbon containing formations with a chelating agent
US20080107577A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2008-05-08 Vinegar Harold J Varying heating in dawsonite zones in hydrocarbon containing formations
US20110168394A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2011-07-14 Shell Oil Company Methods of producing alkylated hydrocarbons from an in situ heat treatment process liquid
US8151880B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2012-04-10 Shell Oil Company Methods of making transportation fuel
US20070221377A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-09-27 Vinegar Harold J Solution mining systems and methods for treating hydrocarbon containing formations
US20070131420A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-06-14 Weijian Mo Methods of cracking a crude product to produce additional crude products
US20070131415A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-06-14 Vinegar Harold J Solution mining and heating by oxidation for treating hydrocarbon containing formations
US20070131428A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-06-14 Willem Cornelis Den Boestert J Methods of filtering a liquid stream produced from an in situ heat treatment process
US7635025B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2009-12-22 Shell Oil Company Cogeneration systems and processes for treating hydrocarbon containing formations
US20090301724A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2009-12-10 Shell Oil Company Methods of producing alkylated hydrocarbons from an in situ heat treatment process liquid
US20070131427A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-06-14 Ruijian Li Systems and methods for producing hydrocarbons from tar sands formations
US20070125533A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-06-07 Minderhoud Johannes K Methods of hydrotreating a liquid stream to remove clogging compounds
US7591310B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2009-09-22 Shell Oil Company Methods of hydrotreating a liquid stream to remove clogging compounds
US7584789B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2009-09-08 Shell Oil Company Methods of cracking a crude product to produce additional crude products
US7581589B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2009-09-01 Shell Oil Company Methods of producing alkylated hydrocarbons from an in situ heat treatment process liquid
US20070127897A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-06-07 John Randy C Subsurface heaters with low sulfidation rates
US8606091B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2013-12-10 Shell Oil Company Subsurface heaters with low sulfidation rates
US20070095537A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-05-03 Vinegar Harold J Solution mining dawsonite from hydrocarbon containing formations with a chelating agent
US20070095536A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-05-03 Vinegar Harold J Cogeneration systems and processes for treating hydrocarbon containing formations
US7562706B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2009-07-21 Shell Oil Company Systems and methods for producing hydrocarbons from tar sands formations
US7559368B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2009-07-14 Shell Oil Company Solution mining systems and methods for treating hydrocarbon containing formations
US7559367B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2009-07-14 Shell Oil Company Temperature limited heater with a conduit substantially electrically isolated from the formation
US7549470B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2009-06-23 Shell Oil Company Solution mining and heating by oxidation for treating hydrocarbon containing formations
US7556096B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2009-07-07 Shell Oil Company Varying heating in dawsonite zones in hydrocarbon containing formations
US7631689B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2009-12-15 Shell Oil Company Sulfur barrier for use with in situ processes for treating formations
US7912358B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2011-03-22 Shell Oil Company Alternate energy source usage for in situ heat treatment processes
US7866385B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2011-01-11 Shell Oil Company Power systems utilizing the heat of produced formation fluid
US20100272595A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2010-10-28 Shell Oil Company High strength alloys
US20080038144A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2008-02-14 Maziasz Phillip J High strength alloys
US20080173442A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2008-07-24 Vinegar Harold J Sulfur barrier for use with in situ processes for treating formations
US8857506B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2014-10-14 Shell Oil Company Alternate energy source usage methods for in situ heat treatment processes
US7533719B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2009-05-19 Shell Oil Company Wellhead with non-ferromagnetic materials
US7793722B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2010-09-14 Shell Oil Company Non-ferromagnetic overburden casing
US20080035705A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2008-02-14 Menotti James L Welding shield for coupling heaters
US7785427B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2010-08-31 Shell Oil Company High strength alloys
US20080035348A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2008-02-14 Vitek John M Temperature limited heaters using phase transformation of ferromagnetic material
US8083813B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2011-12-27 Shell Oil Company Methods of producing transportation fuel
US20080174115A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2008-07-24 Gene Richard Lambirth Power systems utilizing the heat of produced formation fluid
US20080173450A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2008-07-24 Bernard Goldberg Time sequenced heating of multiple layers in a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20080173444A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2008-07-24 Francis Marion Stone Alternate energy source usage for in situ heat treatment processes
US8192682B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2012-06-05 Shell Oil Company High strength alloys
US20080035346A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2008-02-14 Vijay Nair Methods of producing transportation fuel
US20080035347A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2008-02-14 Brady Michael P Adjusting alloy compositions for selected properties in temperature limited heaters
US7597147B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2009-10-06 Shell Oil Company Temperature limited heaters using phase transformation of ferromagnetic material
US7604052B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2009-10-20 Shell Oil Company Compositions produced using an in situ heat treatment process
US20080017380A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2008-01-24 Vinegar Harold J Non-ferromagnetic overburden casing
US7683296B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2010-03-23 Shell Oil Company Adjusting alloy compositions for selected properties in temperature limited heaters
US7610962B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2009-11-03 Shell Oil Company Sour gas injection for use with in situ heat treatment
US7673786B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2010-03-09 Shell Oil Company Welding shield for coupling heaters
US20080173449A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2008-07-24 Thomas David Fowler Sour gas injection for use with in situ heat treatment
US7635023B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2009-12-22 Shell Oil Company Time sequenced heating of multiple layers in a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20080217004A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-09-11 De Rouffignac Eric Pierre Heating hydrocarbon containing formations in a checkerboard pattern staged process
US7730947B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2010-06-08 Shell Oil Company Creating fluid injectivity in tar sands formations
US20080135254A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-06-12 Vinegar Harold J In situ heat treatment process utilizing a closed loop heating system
US7540324B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2009-06-02 Shell Oil Company Heating hydrocarbon containing formations in a checkerboard pattern staged process
US20080128134A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-06-05 Ramesh Raju Mudunuri Producing drive fluid in situ in tar sands formations
US7635024B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2009-12-22 Shell Oil Company Heating tar sands formations to visbreaking temperatures
US20080135244A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-06-12 David Scott Miller Heating hydrocarbon containing formations in a line drive staged process
US7845411B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2010-12-07 Shell Oil Company In situ heat treatment process utilizing a closed loop heating system
US7644765B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2010-01-12 Shell Oil Company Heating tar sands formations while controlling pressure
US7673681B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2010-03-09 Shell Oil Company Treating tar sands formations with karsted zones
US7841401B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2010-11-30 Shell Oil Company Gas injection to inhibit migration during an in situ heat treatment process
US7677314B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2010-03-16 Shell Oil Company Method of condensing vaporized water in situ to treat tar sands formations
US7677310B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2010-03-16 Shell Oil Company Creating and maintaining a gas cap in tar sands formations
US20080135253A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-06-12 Vinegar Harold J Treating tar sands formations with karsted zones
US7681647B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2010-03-23 Shell Oil Company Method of producing drive fluid in situ in tar sands formations
US20090014180A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2009-01-15 George Leo Stegemeier Moving hydrocarbons through portions of tar sands formations with a fluid
US20080185147A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-08-07 Vinegar Harold J Wax barrier for use with in situ processes for treating formations
US20080142217A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-06-19 Roelof Pieterson Using geothermal energy to heat a portion of a formation for an in situ heat treatment process
US20100276141A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2010-11-04 Shell Oil Company Creating fluid injectivity in tar sands formations
US20080217003A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-09-11 Myron Ira Kuhlman Gas injection to inhibit migration during an in situ heat treatment process
US7703513B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2010-04-27 Shell Oil Company Wax barrier for use with in situ processes for treating formations
US20080142216A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-06-19 Vinegar Harold J Treating tar sands formations with dolomite
US20090014181A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2009-01-15 Vinegar Harold J Creating and maintaining a gas cap in tar sands formations
US20080283246A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-11-20 John Michael Karanikas Heating tar sands formations to visbreaking temperatures
US7562707B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2009-07-21 Shell Oil Company Heating hydrocarbon containing formations in a line drive staged process
US8191630B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2012-06-05 Shell Oil Company Creating fluid injectivity in tar sands formations
US7717171B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2010-05-18 Shell Oil Company Moving hydrocarbons through portions of tar sands formations with a fluid
US7730946B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2010-06-08 Shell Oil Company Treating tar sands formations with dolomite
US7730945B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2010-06-08 Shell Oil Company Using geothermal energy to heat a portion of a formation for an in situ heat treatment process
US7631690B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2009-12-15 Shell Oil Company Heating hydrocarbon containing formations in a spiral startup staged sequence
US8555971B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2013-10-15 Shell Oil Company Treating tar sands formations with dolomite
US20080277113A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-11-13 George Leo Stegemeier Heating tar sands formations while controlling pressure
US20080217015A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-09-11 Vinegar Harold J Heating hydrocarbon containing formations in a spiral startup staged sequence
US20080217016A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-09-11 George Leo Stegemeier Creating fluid injectivity in tar sands formations
US20090071652A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-03-19 Vinegar Harold J In situ heat treatment from multiple layers of a tar sands formation
US8662175B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2014-03-04 Shell Oil Company Varying properties of in situ heat treatment of a tar sands formation based on assessed viscosities
US20090078461A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-03-26 Arthur James Mansure Drilling subsurface wellbores with cutting structures
US8459359B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2013-06-11 Shell Oil Company Treating nahcolite containing formations and saline zones
US7798220B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2010-09-21 Shell Oil Company In situ heat treatment of a tar sands formation after drive process treatment
US9181780B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2015-11-10 Shell Oil Company Controlling and assessing pressure conditions during treatment of tar sands formations
US20090095480A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-04-16 Vinegar Harold J In situ heat treatment of a tar sands formation after drive process treatment
US20090095477A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-04-16 Scott Vinh Nguyen Heating systems for heating subsurface formations
US7950453B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2011-05-31 Shell Oil Company Downhole burner systems and methods for heating subsurface formations
US20090095479A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-04-16 John Michael Karanikas Production from multiple zones of a tar sands formation
US20090095478A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-04-16 John Michael Karanikas Varying properties of in situ heat treatment of a tar sands formation based on assessed viscosities
US20090126929A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-05-21 Vinegar Harold J Treating nahcolite containing formations and saline zones
US20090090509A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-04-09 Vinegar Harold J In situ recovery from residually heated sections in a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20090120646A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-05-14 Dong Sub Kim Electrically isolating insulated conductor heater
US8791396B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2014-07-29 Shell Oil Company Floating insulated conductors for heating subsurface formations
US7832484B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2010-11-16 Shell Oil Company Molten salt as a heat transfer fluid for heating a subsurface formation
US7841425B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2010-11-30 Shell Oil Company Drilling subsurface wellbores with cutting structures
US7841408B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2010-11-30 Shell Oil Company In situ heat treatment from multiple layers of a tar sands formation
US8381815B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2013-02-26 Shell Oil Company Production from multiple zones of a tar sands formation
US20090095476A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-04-16 Scott Vinh Nguyen Molten salt as a heat transfer fluid for heating a subsurface formation
US7849922B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2010-12-14 Shell Oil Company In situ recovery from residually heated sections in a hydrocarbon containing formation
US20090321075A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-12-31 Christopher Kelvin Harris Parallel heater system for subsurface formations
US20090084547A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2009-04-02 Walter Farman Farmayan Downhole burner systems and methods for heating subsurface formations
US8327681B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2012-12-11 Shell Oil Company Wellbore manufacturing processes for in situ heat treatment processes
US7931086B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2011-04-26 Shell Oil Company Heating systems for heating subsurface formations
US8042610B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2011-10-25 Shell Oil Company Parallel heater system for subsurface formations
US8240774B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2012-08-14 Shell Oil Company Solution mining and in situ treatment of nahcolite beds
US20090194269A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-08-06 Vinegar Harold J Three-phase heaters with common overburden sections for heating subsurface formations
US7866386B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2011-01-11 Shell Oil Company In situ oxidation of subsurface formations
US7866388B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2011-01-11 Shell Oil Company High temperature methods for forming oxidizer fuel
US8276661B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2012-10-02 Shell Oil Company Heating subsurface formations by oxidizing fuel on a fuel carrier
US20090189617A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-07-30 David Burns Continuous subsurface heater temperature measurement
US20090194329A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-08-06 Rosalvina Ramona Guimerans Methods for forming wellbores in heated formations
US20090194524A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-08-06 Dong Sub Kim Methods for forming long subsurface heaters
US8011451B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2011-09-06 Shell Oil Company Ranging methods for developing wellbores in subsurface formations
US20090194282A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-08-06 Gary Lee Beer In situ oxidation of subsurface formations
US8536497B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2013-09-17 Shell Oil Company Methods for forming long subsurface heaters
US20090194333A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-08-06 Macdonald Duncan Ranging methods for developing wellbores in subsurface formations
US20090200854A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-08-13 Vinegar Harold J Solution mining and in situ treatment of nahcolite beds
US8113272B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2012-02-14 Shell Oil Company Three-phase heaters with common overburden sections for heating subsurface formations
US8146661B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2012-04-03 Shell Oil Company Cryogenic treatment of gas
US8146669B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2012-04-03 Shell Oil Company Multi-step heater deployment in a subsurface formation
US8196658B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2012-06-12 Shell Oil Company Irregular spacing of heat sources for treating hydrocarbon containing formations
US8272455B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2012-09-25 Shell Oil Company Methods for forming wellbores in heated formations
US8162059B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2012-04-24 Shell Oil Company Induction heaters used to heat subsurface formations
US20090200025A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-08-13 Jose Luis Bravo High temperature methods for forming oxidizer fuel
US20090200031A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-08-13 David Scott Miller Irregular spacing of heat sources for treating hydrocarbon containing formations
US8177305B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2012-05-15 Shell Oil Company Heater connections in mines and tunnels for use in treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US8172335B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2012-05-08 Shell Oil Company Electrical current flow between tunnels for use in heating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US8162405B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2012-04-24 Shell Oil Company Using tunnels for treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US8151907B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2012-04-10 Shell Oil Company Dual motor systems and non-rotating sensors for use in developing wellbores in subsurface formations
US8562078B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2013-10-22 Shell Oil Company Hydrocarbon production from mines and tunnels used in treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US8636323B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2014-01-28 Shell Oil Company Mines and tunnels for use in treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US8752904B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2014-06-17 Shell Oil Company Heated fluid flow in mines and tunnels used in heating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US20090260823A1 (en) * 2008-04-18 2009-10-22 Robert George Prince-Wright Mines and tunnels for use in treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US20090260824A1 (en) * 2008-04-18 2009-10-22 David Booth Burns Hydrocarbon production from mines and tunnels used in treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US20090272533A1 (en) * 2008-04-18 2009-11-05 David Booth Burns Heated fluid flow in mines and tunnels used in heating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US20090272578A1 (en) * 2008-04-18 2009-11-05 Macdonald Duncan Charles Dual motor systems and non-rotating sensors for use in developing wellbores in subsurface formations
US20100071903A1 (en) * 2008-04-18 2010-03-25 Shell Oil Company Mines and tunnels for use in treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US20100071904A1 (en) * 2008-04-18 2010-03-25 Shell Oil Company Hydrocarbon production from mines and tunnels used in treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US20090272535A1 (en) * 2008-04-18 2009-11-05 David Booth Burns Using tunnels for treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US9528322B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2016-12-27 Shell Oil Company Dual motor systems and non-rotating sensors for use in developing wellbores in subsurface formations
US8281861B2 (en) 2008-10-13 2012-10-09 Shell Oil Company Circulated heated transfer fluid heating of subsurface hydrocarbon formations
US8881806B2 (en) 2008-10-13 2014-11-11 Shell Oil Company Systems and methods for treating a subsurface formation with electrical conductors
US8267170B2 (en) 2008-10-13 2012-09-18 Shell Oil Company Offset barrier wells in subsurface formations
US8261832B2 (en) 2008-10-13 2012-09-11 Shell Oil Company Heating subsurface formations with fluids
US9129728B2 (en) 2008-10-13 2015-09-08 Shell Oil Company Systems and methods of forming subsurface wellbores
US8256512B2 (en) 2008-10-13 2012-09-04 Shell Oil Company Movable heaters for treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US9051829B2 (en) 2008-10-13 2015-06-09 Shell Oil Company Perforated electrical conductors for treating subsurface formations
US8353347B2 (en) 2008-10-13 2013-01-15 Shell Oil Company Deployment of insulated conductors for treating subsurface formations
US20100089584A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-15 David Booth Burns Double insulated heaters for treating subsurface formations
US20100089586A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-15 John Andrew Stanecki Movable heaters for treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US9022118B2 (en) 2008-10-13 2015-05-05 Shell Oil Company Double insulated heaters for treating subsurface formations
US8267185B2 (en) 2008-10-13 2012-09-18 Shell Oil Company Circulated heated transfer fluid systems used to treat a subsurface formation
US20100096137A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-22 Scott Vinh Nguyen Circulated heated transfer fluid heating of subsurface hydrocarbon formations
US20100101794A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-29 Robert Charles Ryan Heating subsurface formations with fluids
US20100101783A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-29 Vinegar Harold J Using self-regulating nuclear reactors in treating a subsurface formation
US8220539B2 (en) 2008-10-13 2012-07-17 Shell Oil Company Controlling hydrogen pressure in self-regulating nuclear reactors used to treat a subsurface formation
US20100101784A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-29 Vinegar Harold J Controlling hydrogen pressure in self-regulating nuclear reactors used to treat a subsurface formation
US20100108310A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-05-06 Thomas David Fowler Offset barrier wells in subsurface formations
US20100108379A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-05-06 David Alston Edbury Systems and methods of forming subsurface wellbores
US20100147521A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-06-17 Xueying Xie Perforated electrical conductors for treating subsurface formations
US20100224368A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-09-09 Stanley Leroy Mason Deployment of insulated conductors for treating subsurface formations
US20100147522A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-06-17 Xueying Xie Systems and methods for treating a subsurface formation with electrical conductors
US20100155070A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-06-24 Augustinus Wilhelmus Maria Roes Organonitrogen compounds used in treating hydrocarbon containing formations
US20100206570A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-08-19 Ernesto Rafael Fonseca Ocampos Circulated heated transfer fluid systems used to treat a subsurface formation
US20110042084A1 (en) * 2009-04-10 2011-02-24 Robert Bos Irregular pattern treatment of a subsurface formation
US8434555B2 (en) 2009-04-10 2013-05-07 Shell Oil Company Irregular pattern treatment of a subsurface formation
US8448707B2 (en) 2009-04-10 2013-05-28 Shell Oil Company Non-conducting heater casings
US20100258309A1 (en) * 2009-04-10 2010-10-14 Oluropo Rufus Ayodele Heater assisted fluid treatment of a subsurface formation
US20100258291A1 (en) * 2009-04-10 2010-10-14 Everett De St Remey Edward Heated liners for treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations
US20100258265A1 (en) * 2009-04-10 2010-10-14 John Michael Karanikas Recovering energy from a subsurface formation
US8327932B2 (en) 2009-04-10 2012-12-11 Shell Oil Company Recovering energy from a subsurface formation
US8851170B2 (en) 2009-04-10 2014-10-07 Shell Oil Company Heater assisted fluid treatment of a subsurface formation
US20100258290A1 (en) * 2009-04-10 2010-10-14 Ronald Marshall Bass Non-conducting heater casings
US9399905B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2016-07-26 Shell Oil Company Leak detection in circulated fluid systems for heating subsurface formations
US9127538B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2015-09-08 Shell Oil Company Methodologies for treatment of hydrocarbon formations using staged pyrolyzation
US8739874B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-06-03 Shell Oil Company Methods for heating with slots in hydrocarbon formations
US9033042B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2015-05-19 Shell Oil Company Forming bitumen barriers in subsurface hydrocarbon formations
US9022109B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2015-05-05 Shell Oil Company Leak detection in circulated fluid systems for heating subsurface formations
US8875788B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-11-04 Shell Oil Company Low temperature inductive heating of subsurface formations
US8833453B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-09-16 Shell Oil Company Electrodes for electrical current flow heating of subsurface formations with tapered copper thickness
US8701768B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-04-22 Shell Oil Company Methods for treating hydrocarbon formations
US9127523B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2015-09-08 Shell Oil Company Barrier methods for use in subsurface hydrocarbon formations
US8701769B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-04-22 Shell Oil Company Methods for treating hydrocarbon formations based on geology
US8820406B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-09-02 Shell Oil Company Electrodes for electrical current flow heating of subsurface formations with conductive material in wellbore
US8631866B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-01-21 Shell Oil Company Leak detection in circulated fluid systems for heating subsurface formations
US9016370B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2015-04-28 Shell Oil Company Partial solution mining of hydrocarbon containing layers prior to in situ heat treatment
US9309755B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2016-04-12 Shell Oil Company Thermal expansion accommodation for circulated fluid systems used to heat subsurface formations
US10047594B2 (en) 2012-01-23 2018-08-14 Genie Ip B.V. Heater pattern for in situ thermal processing of a subsurface hydrocarbon containing formation

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2497868A (en) Underground exploitation of fuel deposits
US3379248A (en) In situ combustion process utilizing waste heat
US4089373A (en) Situ coal combustion heat recovery method
US2795279A (en) Method of underground electrolinking and electrocarbonization of mineral fuels
US4384613A (en) Method of in-situ retorting of carbonaceous material for recovery of organic liquids and gases
US4099566A (en) Vicous oil recovery method
US4228856A (en) Process for recovering viscous, combustible material
US3024013A (en) Recovery of hydrocarbons by in situ combustion
US2958519A (en) In situ combustion process
US2584605A (en) Thermal drive method for recovery of oil
US2780449A (en) Thermal process for in-situ decomposition of oil shale
US4266609A (en) Method of extracting liquid and gaseous fuel from oil shale and tar sand
US2788071A (en) Oil recovery process
US4019577A (en) Thermal energy production by in situ combustion of coal
US2584606A (en) Thermal drive method for recovery of oil
US2734578A (en) Walter
US3181613A (en) Method and apparatus for subterranean heating
DE2632996A1 (en) METHOD OF MERGING A HARD COAL OR LIGNITE RESOURCE UNDERGROUND UNDER HIGH PRESSURE
US4015663A (en) Method of subterranean steam generation by in situ combustion of coal
US2173556A (en) Method of and apparatus for stripping oil sands
US4027917A (en) Method for igniting the top surface of oil shale in an in situ retort
ES8202908A1 (en) Downhole steam apparatus
US4072350A (en) Multi-stage method of operating an in situ oil shale retort
US3292699A (en) Process for in situ retorting of oil shale
US3152638A (en) Underground reverse combustion process