US2382371A - Hydrocarbon conversion process - Google Patents
Hydrocarbon conversion process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2382371A US2382371A US391619A US39161941A US2382371A US 2382371 A US2382371 A US 2382371A US 391619 A US391619 A US 391619A US 39161941 A US39161941 A US 39161941A US 2382371 A US2382371 A US 2382371A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- contact mass
- contact
- reaction
- regeneration
- particle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 21
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title description 17
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title description 17
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005899 aromatization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000286 fullers earth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/08—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
- B01J8/12—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by gravity in a downward flow
- B01J8/125—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by gravity in a downward flow with multiple sections one above the other separated by distribution aids, e.g. reaction and regeneration sections
Definitions
- a material of more or less reiractory and adsorptive nature which of itself may be capable of catalytically entering into or assisting in the desired reaction, or which may have other material of catalytic nature, such as metals or metal derivatives distributed upon or within the particles, etc., or which may promote the desired reaction ⁇ by providing physical conditions suitable for its accomplishment.
- Such .contact masses for the most part are used in operations wherein the desired reaction is accompanied by the deposition of a combustible carbonaceous material upon and within the contact mass, which is removed by a regenerative combustion.
- the main reaction may be and usually is endothermic to ⁇ some extent.
- the regeneration is highly exothermic.
- the main reaction is usually conducted at a temperature dilerent from that of regeneration. Regeneration temperatures must be high to bring about complete regeneration, but must be below the limit at which the contact mass suffers del gradation due to temperature. Such temperature alternations which in th usual case are Vabout 290 F. or more, impose physical strain upon the contact mass particles. resulting in physical degradation.
- contact mass particles suffer physical degradation in normal handling even though that handling consists only of charging and discharging a contact mass container at infrequent intervals.
- the processes in which such contact masses are used are uniformly ofthe batch type insofar as a given volume of contact mass is concerned. for while processes exist and have been proposed wherein contact mass materials may be passed continuously through separate zones in which reaction and regeneration occur, no contact mass material promises to be capable of economically surviving the rather severe handling incident to such processes.
- the principal objects of this invention are accomplished by the provision of a process using a pellet or particle of contact mass material enclosed within a foraminate or porous metal sheath.
- contact mass material there may be used any of those materials already pro# posed and found practicable for such uses.
- fire clays for example, fire clays, kieselguhr, diatomaceous earth, fullers earth, specially blended and specially treated clays and other material of similar nature may be used.
- this class of material which forms an excellent catalyst for cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons, there may be described a mixtureof silica and alumina in the proportions 3%:1 or 4:1 which is .substantially free of the oxides of magnesium,
- Such materials are Vusually prepared ior use as contact masses by molding a plastic or iiuld mass of the material, wet with water or other treating agent, into particles of desired size.
- these materials may be impregnated, before or after molding, with metals or metal oxides.
- they may be impregnated, before or after molding, with othermaterials, such as All such contact mass material may be used in this invention.
- Such contact masses are utilized lin the form of particles, granules, o r pellets of small size.
- a popular form of contact mass particle consists of cylindrical pellets or about 2.5 millimeters diameter and about 2.5
- particle denotes such pellets, or granules, or particles.
- the metal is most conveniently and preferably used in the form of relatively thin strip material which is foraminate in nature, although any method of applying metal capable of accomplishing the purposes and objects herein desired and pointed out may be used.
- the metallic material' is one which enters into the operation as a homogeneous metallic material and which after being applied is possessed of a similar metallic form not substantially dependent upon the catalytic particle with which it is associated.
- FIG 3 there is shown, in diagram form a continuously moving catalyst form of catalytic hydrocarbon conversion process using the sheathed pellet form of contact mass particle.
- the pellets moving under the influence of gravity iow down through vessel t in contact with reactant' vapors introduced thereinto by pipe l, which vapors' have previously been heated to reaction temperature in heater 8.
- Reaction products depart through pipe 9 to product purification and recovery steps indicated at it.
- a suitable fluid heat exchange medium as, for example, a molten inorganic salt may be circulated as desirable through the coil i8 in vessel I4 or through the coil i9 in vessel 6 utilizing the external circuit indicated by items 2li. 2i, 22, 28, 2s, 25, 26, 21, 28 which together comprise a flexible heat control the superimposition of regeneration on reaction may be reversed, that is that the vessel I with its function may appear physically below vessel 8 with its function. slme this implies no reversal of process steps.
- sheathed pellet orm of catalyst is most highly useful in operations of the sort shown, the structural strength and other advantages of this pellet are also highly useful in bedin-place catalytic operations of the more usual type, as will be seen from the following remarks as to the properties of the sheathed pellet form.
- Contact mass particles so formed have high structural strength and a corresponding degreeA of resistivity to physical degradation resulting from handling and thermal expansion, even when the clay or other contact mass material has little intrinsic strength. This is of great advantage in that it permits the use of catalytic materials heretofore impractical because of structural weakness. Many materials not heretoforeuseful because of inability to retain a particle, pellet, or granule form under conditions of use may be taken advantage of.
- the usual means of control of exothermic reaction temperatures is by removing heat through the agency of 'a fluid heat transfer medium circulated in heat exchange relationshipwith the contact mass, usually through tubes embedded therein. Porous refractory absorption contact mess materials of the types usually used are low in heat conductivity.
- the usual catavlyst container is provided with heat transfer medium tubes in which are attached highly ramied metallic fin structuresto bring all portionof the contact mass within efficient heat transfer distance of the tubes.
- Such construction is expensive to build and expensive to maintain.
- With c. metal sheathed catalyst particle the heatJ conductivity of the entire contact mass is so increased that these finned tube structures may be minimined and in some cases dispensed with.
- Iclaim: l l. That method for the conversion of hydrocarbons comprising the steps of iiowing hydrocarbon reactants at reaction temperature in contact fractory adsorptive material and a metal sheath closely engaged thereto in supporting relationship therewith while permitting access of react vants thereto and subsequently regenerating said contact mass particles by owing a regeneration medium, at regeneration temperatures, in contact with a moving confined stream of said particles.
- That method for the conversion of hydrocarbons in the presence of a particle-form contact mass cyclically subjected to hydrocarbon reaction and to regeneration at a temperature level differing from that of reaction while preventing degradation of particle size of contact mass due to thermal and other operative stresses which comprises the steps of passing hydrocarbons at conversion conditions into contact with a contact mass comprising a large number Vof individual composite particles of relatively small size, each of which composite particles comprises a core particle of catalytic material and a forarninate metallic sheath closely encaslng and supporting said .core while permitting access of reactant ERNEST UTI'ERBACK.
Description
Aug 14 1945 E. UTTERBACK HYDROCARBON CONVERSION PROCESS Filed May s, 1941 vfJ/a INVENTOR llmxy@ e #n 2 Z Y w il lv L H W, TM v. cn R E E un w al A ma Q i www Pm en F mw 6 MXN TvEnfD.. J f if CTM y, L /M y ,nl M fi/0n. @M M i n m H n 7 n H r IIHIIIIHU. 5 1./ .WIIIIHIIH- J f f MM, #am m k6@ m F knvvv 4 k. Q1 MM5! SEN m@ a Patented ug. 14, 1945 HYDROCARBON CONVERSION PROCESS Ernest Utterback, Upper Darby, Pa., assignor to Socony-Vacuum il Company, Incorporated, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application May 3, 1941, Serial No. 391,619
4 Claims. (Cl. 19d-52) This invention is a continuation in part of my previously led application Serial No. 247,464, iiled December 23, 1938, and relates to hydrocarbon conversions in operations involving alternate reaction of materials in the presence of a contact mass and regeneration of the contact mass. It is specifically concerned with contact masses which catalyze, promote, enter into, or assist in the treatment of materials, such as for example in the conversion by cracking, polymerization, controlled combustion, molecular rearrangement, chemical treatment, and the like of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives. Such contact masses consist in the usual case of particles, pellets, or granules of. a material of more or less reiractory and adsorptive nature, which of itself may be capable of catalytically entering into or assisting in the desired reaction, or which may have other material of catalytic nature, such as metals or metal derivatives distributed upon or within the particles, etc., or which may promote the desired reaction `by providing physical conditions suitable for its accomplishment.
As is well known, such .contact masses for the most part are used in operations wherein the desired reaction is accompanied by the deposition of a combustible carbonaceous material upon and within the contact mass, which is removed by a regenerative combustion. The main reaction may be and usually is endothermic to `some extent. The regeneration is highly exothermic. The main reaction is usually conducted at a temperature dilerent from that of regeneration. Regeneration temperatures must be high to bring about complete regeneration, but must be below the limit at which the contact mass suffers del gradation due to temperature. Such temperature alternations which in th usual case are Vabout 290 F. or more, impose physical strain upon the contact mass particles. resulting in physical degradation. Further, such contact mass particles suffer physical degradation in normal handling even though that handling consists only of charging and discharging a contact mass container at infrequent intervals. The processes in which such contact masses are used are uniformly ofthe batch type insofar as a given volume of contact mass is concerned. for while processes exist and have been proposed wherein contact mass materials may be passed continuously through separate zones in which reaction and regeneration occur, no contact mass material promises to be capable of economically surviving the rather severe handling incident to such processes.
'I'his invention has for its subject the provision of a process using an adequately protected contact mass particle capable of withstanding severe handling and temperature stresses without undue degradation. Another object is the provision of contact mass particles of enhanced heat adsorptlve capacity and of enhanced heat conductivity.-
The principal objects of this invention are accomplished by the provision of a process using a pellet or particle of contact mass material enclosed within a foraminate or porous metal sheath. For the contact mass material, there may be used any of those materials already pro# posed and found practicable for such uses. For
example, fire clays, kieselguhr, diatomaceous earth, fullers earth, specially blended and specially treated clays and other material of similar nature may be used. As a specific example of this class of material, which forms an excellent catalyst for cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons, there may be described a mixtureof silica and alumina in the proportions 3%:1 or 4:1 which is .substantially free of the oxides of magnesium,
` various inorganic salts, etc.
calcium, and iron. Such materials are Vusually prepared ior use as contact masses by molding a plastic or iiuld mass of the material, wet with water or other treating agent, into particles of desired size. For various purposes, such as, for example, desulphurization of hydrocarbon gases, these materials may be impregnated, before or after molding, with metals or metal oxides. For other. purposes they may be impregnated, before or after molding, with othermaterials, such as All such contact mass material may be used in this invention.
Such contact masses, as indicated, are utilized lin the form of particles, granules, o r pellets of small size. For example, a popular form of contact mass particle consists of cylindrical pellets or about 2.5 millimeters diameter and about 2.5
millimeters long. Where the term particle is used herein, it denotes such pellets, or granules, or particles.
For the metal sheath there may -be used any metal which does not undergo serious degradation under the conditions of reaction and which lets leaving the reaction zone `are system. It is obvious that the reactions in which such contact masses are used.
The metal is most conveniently and preferably used in the form of relatively thin strip material which is foraminate in nature, although any method of applying metal capable of accomplishing the purposes and objects herein desired and pointed out may be used. In any event, the metallic material'is one which enters into the operation as a homogeneous metallic material and which after being applied is possessed of a similar metallic form not substantially dependent upon the catalytic particle with which it is associated.
In order to understand this invention reference is now made to the drawing attached to this specification in which Figures l and 2 show a sheathed catalyst pellet of the type herein referred to and Figure 3 shows in diagrammatic form a process in which the pellet form protected catalytic particle is highly useful.
' In Figures l and 2 the metal sheathed pellet is shown in one modification in which the sheath is formed of perforated thin metal. In the pellet here shown the central core of catalytic material is surrounded by a sheath of perforated metal 5. Details of the various .methods useful in making such sheathed catalyst pellets are disclosed inmy copending application Serial No. 247,464 above mentioned.
In Figure 3 there is shown, in diagram form a continuously moving catalyst form of catalytic hydrocarbon conversion process using the sheathed pellet form of contact mass particle. In this process the pellets moving under the influence of gravity iow down through vessel t in contact with reactant' vapors introduced thereinto by pipe l, which vapors' have previously been heated to reaction temperature in heater 8. Reaction products depart through pipe 9 to product purification and recovery steps indicated at it. Catalyst pelpreferably steamed or otherwise purged in zone il and are then elevated by elevator I2 to ilow into hopper i3 from which they pass into vessel lli wherein they are regenerated, as by combustion in the presence of a regeneration mediumy e, g., air, in-1v a blower iii. Fumes from this regenthrough pipe i6. Catalyst troduced by eration leave vessel is undergoingregeneration flows through vessel id under the influence of gravity and, upon leaving the vessel it, may be purged, as by steam in passage I7 before re-entry to vessel 6 where reaction takes place. In case it is desirable to add or extract heat from either vessel 6 or vessel It during reaction or regeneration, a suitable fluid heat exchange medium, as, for example, a molten inorganic salt may be circulated as desirable through the coil i8 in vessel I4 or through the coil i9 in vessel 6 utilizing the external circuit indicated by items 2li. 2i, 22, 28, 2s, 25, 26, 21, 28 which together comprise a flexible heat control the superimposition of regeneration on reaction may be reversed, that is that the vessel I with its function may appear physically below vessel 8 with its function. slme this implies no reversal of process steps. Y
While the sheathed pellet orm of catalyst is most highly useful in operations of the sort shown, the structural strength and other advantages of this pellet are also highly useful in bedin-place catalytic operations of the more usual type, as will be seen from the following remarks as to the properties of the sheathed pellet form.
Contact mass particles so formedhave high structural strength and a corresponding degreeA of resistivity to physical degradation resulting from handling and thermal expansion, even when the clay or other contact mass material has little intrinsic strength. This is of great advantage in that it permits the use of catalytic materials heretofore impractical because of structural weakness. Many materials not heretoforeuseful because of inability to retain a particle, pellet, or granule form under conditions of use may be taken advantage of.
Certain further advantages reside in the metallic sheath besides those arising from increasedV structural strength. These advantages arise from the increased heat absorption capacity of the entire contact mass and the increased heat conductivity of the entire contact mass when metal sheathed particles are used. These advantages are highly useful in types of operation when the contact mass is retained in fixed position as in a contact mass container wherein reaction and regeneration are alternately accomplished by passing appropriate material through the contact mass. i
In such operations the use of a contact mass of high heat absorptive'capacity permits of a more accurate control of temperature during reaction, since much heat may be handled in the form of sensible heat changes in the contact mass and need not be added or removed by other agencies. Itis obvious that the combination cf catalytic material and a metallic sheath presents a packing material of higher heat absorptive capacity.
As is well known, the usual means of control of exothermic reaction temperatures is by removing heat through the agency of 'a fluid heat transfer medium circulated in heat exchange relationshipwith the contact mass, usually through tubes embedded therein. Porous refractory absorption contact mess materials of the types usually used are low in heat conductivity. Hence, in order to permit efficient heat extraction, the usual catavlyst container is provided with heat transfer medium tubes in which are attached highly ramied metallic fin structuresto bring all portionof the contact mass within efficient heat transfer distance of the tubes. Such construction is expensive to build and expensive to maintain. With c. metal sheathed catalyst particle, the heatJ conductivity of the entire contact mass is so increased that these finned tube structures may be minimined and in some cases dispensed with.
Similarly, in both bed-in-place and continuously-moving-catalyst types of operations wherein control of regeneration temperatures and rate of regeneration control may be desired to be aci complished by recirculation of regeneration flue gases to dilute incoming regeneration medium, important and signiiicant advantages will arise from the use of the sheathed pellet here disclosed. These advantages arise variously from the greater density of the combined metal and clay pellet, from its increased conductivity, and from the possibility of control of the porosity of the mass which may be accomplished by proportioning of the metal sheath.
As indicated hereinbefore the usefulness of this process is broadlydirected to any process of cracking, reforming, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, isomerization, polymerization, aromatization, or
any other process making use of a contact massof generally refractory and/or absorptive nature and may be so used, under conditions of temperature and pressure and with proper hydrocarbon to thermal and other operative stresses which reaction mixtures, all of which are well known,
in such processes.
Iclaim: l l. That method for the conversion of hydrocarbons comprising the steps of iiowing hydrocarbon reactants at reaction temperature in contact fractory adsorptive material and a metal sheath closely engaged thereto in supporting relationship therewith while permitting access of react vants thereto and subsequently regenerating said contact mass particles by owing a regeneration medium, at regeneration temperatures, in contact with a moving confined stream of said particles.
3..That method for the conversion of hydro" carbons in the presence of a particle-form contact mass cyclicaliy subjected to hydrocarbon reaction and to regeneration at a temperature level differing from that of reaction while preventing degradation of particle sizeof contact ymass due comprises the steps of passing hydrocarbons at conversion conditions into contact with a. contact mass comprising a large number of individu-y al composite particles of relatively small size, each of which composite particles comprises a core particle' of refractory adsorptive material and a metal sheath closely engaged to said core in supporting relationship therewith while permitting access of reactants to said core, followed by regeneration of said contact mass material at 'a temperature level different from that of reaction.
4. That method for the conversion of hydrocarbons in the presence of a particle-form contact mass cyclically subjected to hydrocarbon reaction and to regeneration at a temperature level differing from that of reaction while preventing degradation of particle size of contact mass due to thermal and other operative stresses which comprises the steps of passing hydrocarbons at conversion conditions into contact with a contact mass comprising a large number Vof individual composite particles of relatively small size, each of which composite particles comprises a core particle of catalytic material and a forarninate metallic sheath closely encaslng and supporting said .core while permitting access of reactant ERNEST UTI'ERBACK.
GERTIFICAE OE"` CQRRECTION.
Patent No. 2,582,571. August 11;., 1945.
'ERNEST UTTERBAGK.
It is hereby certified that error vappears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows; Page 2, second column, line 59, for "absorption"` read -a'dsorption; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction 'therein that the same may conform to the record of' the case in the Patent Office.
Signed and sealed this lith day o1 December, A. D. 1945.
, Leslie Frazer' (Seal) First Assistant Commissioner of' Patents
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US391619A US2382371A (en) | 1941-05-03 | 1941-05-03 | Hydrocarbon conversion process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US391619A US2382371A (en) | 1941-05-03 | 1941-05-03 | Hydrocarbon conversion process |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2382371A true US2382371A (en) | 1945-08-14 |
Family
ID=23547312
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US391619A Expired - Lifetime US2382371A (en) | 1941-05-03 | 1941-05-03 | Hydrocarbon conversion process |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2382371A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2423907A (en) * | 1944-12-12 | 1947-07-15 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons |
US2478194A (en) * | 1944-11-02 | 1949-08-09 | Houdry Process Corp | Catalyst pellet |
US2930767A (en) * | 1957-08-26 | 1960-03-29 | Ohio Commw Eng Co | Metal particles and method of making |
US3489693A (en) * | 1967-04-03 | 1970-01-13 | Automatic Sprinkler Corp | Carbon dioxide absorbent |
-
1941
- 1941-05-03 US US391619A patent/US2382371A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2478194A (en) * | 1944-11-02 | 1949-08-09 | Houdry Process Corp | Catalyst pellet |
US2423907A (en) * | 1944-12-12 | 1947-07-15 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons |
US2930767A (en) * | 1957-08-26 | 1960-03-29 | Ohio Commw Eng Co | Metal particles and method of making |
US3489693A (en) * | 1967-04-03 | 1970-01-13 | Automatic Sprinkler Corp | Carbon dioxide absorbent |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3808121A (en) | Method of regenerating a hydrocarbon conversion catalyst to minimize carbon monoxide in regenerator effluent | |
US2331433A (en) | Method and apparatus for catalytic conversion | |
US2336879A (en) | Reactor | |
US2284603A (en) | Process for the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons | |
US2320318A (en) | Method for catalytic conversion | |
US2376564A (en) | Catalytic conversion | |
US2379195A (en) | Apparatus for catalytic conversion | |
DE69232891D1 (en) | Reforming process under low sulfur conditions | |
US2358039A (en) | Fluid catalyst process | |
US2446925A (en) | Cracking of hydrocarbons with suspended catalyst | |
US2382371A (en) | Hydrocarbon conversion process | |
ES395549A1 (en) | Catalytic cracking of naphthas | |
US2474014A (en) | Catalytic conversion system | |
US2571342A (en) | Combination hydrocarbon vaporization and cracking process | |
US2471398A (en) | Continuous catalytic system | |
US2225402A (en) | Method for reactivating catalysts | |
US2458487A (en) | Method and apparatus for conducting the regeneration of a moving bed catalyst | |
US2458359A (en) | Process of multiple-zone regeneration of a moving bed catalyst | |
US2508993A (en) | Method for conducting gaseous reactions in the presence of a moving particle form solid | |
US2548295A (en) | Hydrocarbon conversion and catalyst regeneration apparatus | |
US2209040A (en) | Method for conducting catalytic operations | |
US2886615A (en) | Fixed bed regenerative refractory pyrolytic gas conversion process | |
ES386939A1 (en) | Method of catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons | |
US2768882A (en) | Catalytic reactor | |
US2457837A (en) | Multistage regeneration of a moving bed catalyst |