US2212667A - Pumping apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 27, 1940. w. FVMAYER PUMPING APPARATUS Filed July 18, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Afig. 27, 1940. w, F YER 2,212,667

PUMPING APPARATUS Filed July 18, 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 PS- 1940- I w. F. MAYEfi 2,212,667

PUMPING- APPARATUS Filed July 18, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Aug. 27, 19 w. F. MAYER PUMPING APPARATUS Filed July 18, 1938 5 Sheets-ShQet 4 l m I H b Q 1 .E 1. 2 3E Q EQ @736 Ett J. Q T: l o H K n 1.

T 3 r w Aug. 27, 1940. w. F. MAYER 2,212,667

PUMPING APPARATUS I Filed July 18, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet" 5 Patented .Aug. 27, 1940 Waldemar F. Mayer, Los Angcies, OaiiL, assignor to Byron Jackson 00., Huntington Park, Calm, a corporation of Delaware Application July 18, 1938, Serial No. 219,803 7 Claims. (Cl. 103-52) This invention relates generally to pumping apparatus, and particularly to a hydraulically actuated, multiple cylinder pump.

valve actuation of the pump shown in,Figs. 1 to 4,

v at three points-in a cycle of operation;

In my copending application Ser. No. 219,801,

5 for Pumping apparatus, filed concurrently herewith, there is described a triplex hydraulic pump inwhich motive liquid from a continuous-source oi supply, such as centrifugal pump, is admitted to the cylinders in succession to apply hydraulic pressure directly to one side of each of the pump pistons. The pump is of the single-acting type, and the return strokes are efl'ected by a mechanical interconnection between the pistons, this connection also maintaining the pistons in predetermined phase relationship.' The distributing valve for the motive liquid is actuated mechanically by the mechanism which interconnects the pistons, so that motive liquid is admitted to and exhausted from the cylinders in synchronism I with the movements of the pistons.

V v In th present instance, the pump is also a triplex, s gle-acting hydraulic pump, the pump fluid endthereof being substantially identical with that of the aforementioned application.

' The actuation of the motive liquid valves, and the arrangement for eiiecting the return strokes of the pistons, however, are entirely diflerent. In this case the pistons are returned hydraulically,

and are maintained in proper phase relationship, 80 by providing a reversing valve for each cylinder,

each valve being controlled by the movement oi the piston in an adjacent cylinder.

A principal object of this invention is to provide a multiple cylinder hydraulic pump in which I the pistons are hydraulically interconnected to provide overlapping strokes, whereby the flow of pump liquid andoi motive liquid is uniform and 50 through the axis of one oi the cylinders, substan tially on line 2-2 01 Fig. 1;

3 is a horizontal section through the valve mechanism, taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

I'ig.4isaverticalsectiontakenonline4l oi Fig. 8 is a top plan view oi a modification of the arrangement shown in preceding figures;

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal vertical section taken on line .9-9 of Fig; 8;

Fig. 10 is a section taken on line Iii-'Hi'of Fig.

Fig. 11 illustrates schematically the actuation 1 of the valves in synchronism withthe movements of the pistons. v

Referring to Figs. 1 and 201 the drawings, a plurality of cylinders I, 2, and 3 are mounted on a base 4 withtheir axes parallel and lying in a u common horizontal plane. A discharge valve chamber 5 is formed integral with one end of I each cylinder, and houses an upwardly opening discharge valve 6. The chambers are connected to a common discharge header 1 extending trans- S0 A versely of the pump above the cylinders, either end of the header being adapted to be connected to a discharge conduit. A suction chamber 8 issecured tothe end of each cylinder, andhouses an inwardly opening suction valve 9. A com 2 mon suction header l0 extends transversely across the end of. the pump, and has individual connection with each of the suction chambers and is adapted to be connected at either end to a diameter.

source of pump fluid. 80

The opposite ends of the cylinders are connected to one side oi a central housing It in which are mounted the motive liquid valves and their actuating mechanism. A plurality of auxiliary cylinders it, l1, and II are secured to the 85 opposite side 01' the housing in axial alignment with themain cylinders I, 2, and}, respectively, the auxiliary cylinders being equal in length to the main cylinders but of considerably smaller 1 40 Reciprocable ineach mainoylinder isa main piston secured to one end of a piston rod 22. An auxiliary piston 23 is secured to the .opposite end of each piston rod. The piston rod extends through a stuiiing box 24 in an opening in a partition 25 extendingtransversely or the housing II. The housing is also divided on one side of partition 25 by longitudinal partitions into a plurality oi chambers 2i communicating with the .respective cylinders I, land 3, the housing on so single-acting type pumping on movement II of the pistons tothe right. Motive liquid is alternately admitted to and exhausted from each cylinder through individual valves which will be described presently; To effect the return strokes 5 of the pistons, fluid under pressure is constantly shown in Fig. 2, the housing is integral with the supplied to the chamber 21, through an inlet 3| and exerts pressure constantly against the auxiliary pistons. The pressure fluid may for convenience be derived from the same source as that of the motive liquid admitted to the main cylinders. If the pressures are equal, it will be apparent that when motive liquid is admitted to the cylinder 2, for example, the pistons will be moved to the right because of the greater piston However, when the I motive liquid is cut oil from cylinder 2 and the,

area on the main piston 2|.

spent motive liquid in the cylinder is allowed to discharge therefrom, the pressure exerted on the small auxiliary piston 23 will return the pistons to the left ends of their cylinders. A drain pipe 33 is connected to the outer ends of the auxiliary cylinders to bleed off any fluid which leaks pastthe auxiliary pistons- In order that the pumping strokes of the three main housing I5, but it may be a separate casting if preferred A motive liquid inlet 41 at one end of the valve housing admits liquid to a transversely extending passage 48 communicating with each of the valves., A parallel discharge passage 49 also communicates with each valve, and leads to a discharge outlet 50. A plurality of vertical passages 5|, 52, and 53 are formed in the valve passage 55 extends from valve 42 to the upper housing, communicating at their lower ends with the cylinders 2, 3, and I, respectively. Passage ,5I leading to cylinder 2 communicates at its upper end with ahorizontal passage 54 leading from thecentral portion of valve 4|. A similar end of vertical passage 52. Extending from the central portion of valve 43 to the vertical passage 53 at the opposite end-of the housing is a horizontal passage 56 (Fig. 2).

I Each valve comprises a pair of connected valve members 5'! and 58 shiftable to selectively conv nect the central portion thereof with the inlet passage 48 01 the discharge pa sage .49. A pair 60 of valve stems 6|, 62 project from opposite ends of each valve, extending through the yalve housing for engagement by actuating levers 63, 64'

(Figs. 1, and 2). The levers are keyed respectively to outer ends of rock shafts 65,. 66 journaled in the housing I5. Also keyed to the rock shafts within the housing are segmental abutment lugs 61, 68. A pair of actuating levers 69, ID

are rotatably mounted on the shafts 65, 66 in alignment with the lugs 61, 68, and depend by 7D gravity with their lower ends in the paths of a pairof lugs II, 12 secured to each piston rod 22. The lever 69 is free to swing in'a counterclockwise direction without actuating the rock' shaft 65, when engaged by the lug II on movement of the latter to the right. The lug II passes under the lever, and on the return strokepistons may be properly timed to provide steady of the piston swings the lever in a clockwise direction. Through its engagement with the lug 61 .it causes clockwise oscillation of the shaft 65 and of the lever 63, and the latter shifts the valve to the right. The actuation of the valve to the left is accomplished by the lug I2 in the same manner, during its movement to the right.

It will be observed that in the arrangement described valve 4| controls the admission and discharge of motive liquid to and from cylinder 2 at predetermined points in the path of travel sequence of operation of the valves by the movements of the associated pistons; In Fig. 5, the pumping stroke in .cylinder I has just commenced, under the control of valve 43 which is being opened as the piston of cylinder 3 begins its return stroke. The piston of cylinder 2 is nearing the end of its pumping stroke, and will be reversed when the lug I2 in cylinder I actuates the levers 64, I0. It will be observed that cylinder 2 is one-third of a cycle in advance of cylinder I, and that cylinder 3 is one-third of a cycle in advance of cylinder 2.

In Fig. 6 conditions in cylinders I, 2, and 3,- are similar to those in cylinders 2, 3, and I, ma spectively, in Fig. 5, the parts being shown in the positions they assume one-third of a cycle later than Fig. 5. Likewise, Fig. '7 illustrates conditions as they exist one-third of a cycle later than Fig. 6.

Referring now to the modified form of the invention shown in Figs. 8 to 11 inclusive, it will be observed that the pump is of the same general type as that previously described, embodying a plurality of cylinders 8|, 82, 83, with pump liquid suction and discharge valves 84, 85. The pistons have been replaced by Sylphon bellows 86, 81, and 88 (Fig. 11) in this form,'the latter having the advantage of forming a fluid-tight seal between the motive liquid and the pump liquid. Auxiliary cylinders 9|, 92, and 93 are provided, in which reciprocate auxiliary pistom 94 connected to the rear ends of the piston rods 95, 96, and 91 secured to the respective bellows.

Whereas in the previously described form the main and auxiliary cylinders are separated only by a partition within the housing I5, in the form shown in Figs. 8 and 9 the cylinders are spaced The ratchet mechanism comprises a plurality of ratchet wheels I08, I09, and H0 secured to a ratchet shaft III, and associated pawls IIZ, I I3, and H4 pivotally mounted on the rocking levers I03, I 04, I05. The pawls and the ratchet wheels are so arranged that during the pumping stroke of each piston rod the associated ratchet wheel will rotate the ratchet shaft through a portion of a revolution. Since the pumping abutment faces 72 apart, allowing a slight lost motion of the pawl's'before engaging the teeth.

Extending parallel to the ratchet shaft III is a crank shaft II1 provided with a plurality of cranks II8, 9, I20, one individual to and connected'to each of the reversing valves I2I, I22,

and I23. In order to providea complete revolu tion of the crank shaft for each pumping cycle,

the crank shaft is driven by the ratchet shaft I I through chain and sprocket gearing having a gear ratio of 120272, or 5:3, the driving sprocket I25 on the ratchet shaft andthe driven sprocket I26 on the crank shaft having this ratio.

The valve housing in this form of the invention is similar to that in the previously described form,- with a motive liquid inlet passage I3l and ar) exhaust passage I32 communicatingwith each of the valves I2I, I22,- and I23, and passages I33, I34, I35 leading from the central portions of the valves to the interiors of the respectivebellows I8, 31 and 88.

The auxiliary pistons. 9| are constantly subject- 4' ed to fluid pressure admitted at I31, whereby.

each piston rod is moved to the left and the associated bellows is collapsed when the flow of motive liquid is cut oil therefrom.

Aside from the structural differences between thetwo forms of the invention described, the principal distinction is in the actuation of the reversing valves. terconnection between the valves, and the valve actuation is intermittent, whereas in the second form the valves are all actuated by a common reciprocable in each cylinder, valve means indidrive means, and are continually in motion.

1. Hydraulic pumping apparatus comprising, in combination: a plurality of cylinders, a plunger vidual to each cylinder for successively supplying motive liquid to said cylinders on. one side pf each of a said plungers to move the latter in one direction, and for exhausting spent motive liquid from said cylinders to permit movement of said plungers in the opposite direction,- valve means for admitting pump liquid to said cylinders on the other side of said plungers and fordischarging pump liquid therefrom in response'to movements of said plungers, means operable in response to movements of each of said plungers for actuating the motive liquid valve means of .a diflerentcylinder, and means for constantly exerting a force on said plungers in a direction to eflect the suction'strokes thereof, said force being relatively small compared to the pumping force but of sufficient. magnitude to return said piungers when the motive liquid. is cut ofi therefrom.

2. Hydraulic pumping apparatus comprising a plurality of cylinders, a plunger reciprocable in each. cylinder, valve means, individual to each cylinder for successively admitting motive liquid to said cylinders on one side of each of said plungers ,tq inove the latter. in one direction and for exhausting spent motive liquid from said cyl- In the ,first form there is no ina opposite direction, means operable in response to movements of each of said plungers for actuating the valve means of a different cylinder, a

. plurality of auxiliary cylinders, pistons reciprocable therein, each of said pistons being operatively; connected to onelof said plungers, and means for applying fluid pressure to said pistons .to move the plungers in said opposite 'direction.

3. Apparatus as defined in claim 2, in which the piston area of said auxiliary pistons is small relative to that of said plungers, and in which the pressure of the fluid acting on said pistons is substantially equal to that of the motive liquid 1 actingflon said plunger's.

4. Apparatus as defined in claim 2,. in which fluid pressure is constantly applied to said pistons.

I 5. Hydraulic. pumping apparatus compris ing, in combination: a plurality oi cylinders, pistons reciprocabletherein, valve means for successively supplying motive liquid to said cy1inders on one side of said pistons to move the latter in one direction, and for exhausting spent "otive liquidfrom said cylinders to permit moveent of the pistons in the opposite direction, valve means for admitting pumpliquid to said cylinders on the other side of said pistons and for discharging pump liquid therefrom in response to movement of said pistons, means e'ilec-. tive upon interruption of the supply of motive liquid to each cylinder for automatically efl'ect ing the return stroke of the piston therein, and means responsive to the movement of each pi's ton for controlling the movement of anotherpissupplying motive liquid to said cylinders on one side of said pistons to move the latter in one direction, and for exhausting spent motive liquid from said cylinders to permit movement of the pistons in the opposite direction, valve means for admitting pump liquid to said cylinders on the otherside of said pistons and for discharging pump liquid therefrom in response to movement of said pistons, means effective. upon interruption of the supply of motive liquid to each cylinder forautomatically effecting the return stroke "of the piston therein, and means responsive to the movement of each piston for controlling the movement of another piston, said motive liquid valve means comprising. separate reversing valves each controlling the supply of motive liquid to and the discharge of spent motive liquid from an associated cylinder, and valve-actuating means for each valve operable in response topredetermined movement der. I V

- 7. Hydraulic pumping apparatus comprising, in

of. the piston of another cylincombination: a. plurality of cylinders, a plunger 'reciprocable in each cylinder, valve means for successively supplying motive liquid to said cylinders on one side of each of said plungers to move the latter in one direction, and for exhausting spent motive liquid from said cylinders to permit movement of saidplungers in the opposite direction, valve means for admitting pump liquid to 7 said cylinders on the other side of said plungers and for discharging pump liquid therefrom in response to movements of said plungers, means operable in response to movements oi seid plungers for actuating said motive liquid valve means in succession, and means for constantly'exertlng a force on said plungers inia. direction to eflect the suction strokes thereof, said force being relavalve means comprises ratchet means emoted 5 by the piungers in said plurality of cylinders.

wsmmm F. mm.

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