US2206189A - Method of producing a fixed gas - Google Patents

Description

July 2, 11940. l cz. B. HlLLHQu'sE METHOD 0F PRODUCING A FIXED GAS Filed July 19, 1937 Patented July 2, `1940 PATENT OFFICE METHOD oFrnoDUoING A FIXEDy GAS 1` Charles B. Hillhouse, New York, N. Y., assigner to Sylvia Remsen Hillhouse, KNew York, N. Y.

I Application July 1.9, 1937, `serialNo. 154,518` `V This invention relates to a method and apparatus for xing gas and, more particularly in such method, to a feature of providing a shield of steam adjacent an inlet olf hot oil gas, which 5" shield is eiective to prevent any deposit of free" carbon upon the walls of thechamber into which the hot oil gas is supplied.

An object of the invention isto provide amethod and apparatus for making a xed gas wherein hot oil gas is supplied to a Chamber, and then heated up to a gas xingtemperature, the method being carried out in an apparatus arranged to permit a continuous cycle of higher tempera- `ture gas to transfer a portion of` its sensible heat in heating up the lower temperature gas mixed into it in the production of xed gases` Another object of the invention is to provide in a gasoline making device a novel means and `method of `producing a shield in the form of a sleeve of steam positioned to surroundthe stream` of admitted hot oil gas whereby to prevent any deposit of free carbon on the chamber wall adjacent the inlet of hot oil gas and then to extract the free `carbon from the cycle of xed gases.

In the accompanying drawing- Fig. 1 is a View, partly in section, of an appa- `ratus adapted to provide a continuous cycle of gas fixing;

Fig. 2 shows a sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a View, partly in section, of an apparatus, wherein gases of combustion are continuously `supplied to form gasoline.4

Themain feature of invention herein `disclosed is related to my application, Serial No. 61,071, led January 27, 1936, which has matured into Patent No. 2,162,433, June 13, 1939, but differs therefrom particularly as to the method and means for supplying and maintaining a shield of `steam to surround the stream of admitted hot oil gas.

In accordance with the disclosure of this application, I provide a main chamber I of an end.-

less type or closed tubular chamber. A supply of hot oil gas at about '700 F. is injected into a cycle of higher temperature gas in 'this chamber by means of a spray head 2 adapted to project this gas in the formof a ne spray.` The` spray head 2 receives its gas supply from a conduit 3 which may be fed from a blower under pressure. A portion fl ofthe chamber l is provided with double walls E and t adjacent the spray head 2 to define a chamber 1- A supply of steam is admitted through a conduit 8 and valve 9 to the iciaim. (o1. Lis-214) chamber l. The inner wall 5 of the chamber` 'I isformed of 'a porous refractory material that will permit a slow continuous feed of steam through the wall 5 whereby to maintain a layer of heated steam closely adjacent the inner side of the wall 5. This layer of heatedsteam will act as a coating on this inner wall and serve as a shield between the stream of hot gas from spray head 2 mixed into the cycle of higher temperature gas and the wall 5. e any free carbon in this stream of hot gas or in the stream of gas passing around the chamber I due to cracking or other sources, this carbon cannot reach or adhere to the inner wall 5 be- `cause of this coating or sleeve of steam. `All or part of such free carbon will be instantly gasiiied by the `heated steam in case of contact therewith. The steam oozing through the wall 5 will produce a steam current towards the gas stream and tend to` push any free carbon that is not 20 gasied awayfrom this wall. i

The stream of hot oil gas after passing through the chamber d will pass through another or ccntinuous chamber 4 with porous walls covered with steam on the inner side and so shaped that the cycle of xed gas impinging on it will bring i any carbon in suspension into contact with the steam` covering and so be` converted into gas. The roof of chamber `Il is curved and flattened out at `Ii to increase the deflecting surface and 30 cause carbon in the gas stream to contact with steam. The gasstream then passes through or over a heater II of any desired construction which serves to heat or reheat the gas to about or over 18D0 F. This reheated gas then flows 35 `past the spray head 2 to mix with and impart heat to the newly admitted hot oil gas and the mixture continues to circulate in a cyclev through the chamber I. In this manner, the oil gas admitted into the chamber d is heated to about 40 1600 F. and becomes a xed gas. The Xed gas f is withdrawn from the chamber from an outlet I2 `in a volume to equal that admitted from the spray head 2. The balance of the fixed gas at about `()c F. is heated by the heater II to 45 over 1800 F., and this fixed gas picks up or entrains the newly admitted oil gas and raises its temperature. If desired, the outer wall 6 of chamber 'I may be heated in any desired manner as by a jacket of hot combustion gases to maintain the steam heated or superheat the same.

In Fig. 3, I have shown an apparatus wherein a similar porous steam sleeve is applied to a device adapted to produce gasoline. A supply of 55y If there should be io:

lo Wall. I6 to form a coating of steam on this Wall t'o act as a shield or sleeve of steam around the gas stream above the spray head I4 Awhereby to prevent any deposit of free carbon on the Wall I6 ofthe chamber I8. A continuous supply of 15 hot xed gases at about 1100 F. is supplied to chamber I8 from a conduit 2 I. These gases entrain and mix With thehot oil gas vsupplied from spray head I4 at about 700 F. and raise this oil `gas to a gasoline producing temperature. The mixture f gases is passed through a desired form of dust extractor 22 Whichserves to separate or gasify any free carbonpresent in the gas mixture. The mixture of gases is then passed through a liquefying retort`23 Where the gasoline portion is condensed. The remaining gases are drawn off at outlet 2li by means of a suction device, If thediscarded gases are found to be combustible, they may be burned With air to produce heat for use'in the process. I prefer to supply from the conduit vI3 hot oil gas under a desired pressure and a proportion of one volume thereof to three volumes of the xed gases supplied from the conduit ZI, preferably also under a suitable pressure. An outlet valve 25 is provided to control the pressure in the chamber I5. v In the gas fixing chamber 4 of Fig. l, and the gasoline producing chamber l5 of Fig. i3, the velocity ofv the gas stream should be maintained ata suitable velocity to keep'free carbon, if any,

4,1@ in suspension. 'Ihe quantity of steam and pressure thereof may be regulated. I prefer to maintain a steam pressure corresponding to that of four inches of water pressure, though this may be varied according to the porosity of the Walls 5 or IS. In Figs. l and 3, the heating of the oil gas up to its fixation or gasoline producing temperatures is obtained mainly through convection rather than by any Contact With solid substances or by conduction.

In the operation of .the device shown in Fig. l, the oxygen is first removed from the chamber I and this chamber heated preferably by combustion or other means and steam is thereafter admitted to the chamber Oil gas is then sprayed from the head 2 into chamber lI at about '700 F. at a suitable pressure. The heater Il is put'into operation to make up for the heat given The oil gases in the cham@v to the oil gas intake. ber I become xed due to their continuous circulation at 1600 to l800 F. and may be drawn oi at outlet I2 as desired and the supply of additional oil gas to replace the xed gas drawn oli will provide a continuous process.

l What I claimis: f p

A method of producing a 1xed combustible gas which comprises feeding a stream of hot oil gas at about 700 F. together With a larger volume of higher temperature gas into a chamber at one point whereby to `fix said oil gas, passing steam through the wall of the chamber adjacent said joint to maintain a shield of steam around the stream of mixed gases drawing oi a portion of the fixed gas produced at anotherA point in said chamber, causing the balance of the gas mixture to :dow fromv the last-named point to a third point,.applying heat to the balance of gas atsaid point to reheat this balance up to its gas fixing temperature of about' 1800o F., then passing said balance of gas in a closed cycle back to said rst point and again feeding hot oil gas to said balance of Igas.

CHARLES B. HILLHOUSE.

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