US2161111A - Spray nozzle - Google Patents

Description

June 6, 1939. L. s. WILCOXSON 1- -r AL SPRAY NOZZLE Filed May 25, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORS Les/1's 15. Wi/coxson Frederic I! @EQR.

' ATTORNEY.

June 6, 1939. L. s. WILCOXSON ET AL 1,

' SPRAY NOZZLE Filed May 25, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS Leslie 5. Wi/coxson Frederic G Ely- ATTORN-EY.

Patented June 6, 1 939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SPRAY NozzLE Leslie S. Wilcoxson, Ridgewood, and Frederic G.

. Ely, Chatham, N. .L, assignors to The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Newark, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application May 25, 1935, Serial No. 23,406

16 Claims. (01. 299-74 Our present invention relates in general to the passage 3 having its upper end tapering from the construction and operation of liquid spray noznipple passage downwardly and its lower end of zles, and more particularly to spray nozzles uniform circular flow area and located in a cencapable of producing a relatively flat spray over tral projecting nozzle'portion 4 of the plug. The

5 an extensive spray area. spray nozzle also includes a spreader plate 5 in One of 'the main objects of the invention is the the path of discharge of the passage 3, and spaced provision of a spray nozzle of the type described from the lower endof the nozzle 4. The spreader which is further characterized by its extremely plate 5 has a flat upper surface 6 arranged at simple construction, the ease and low cost of a predetermined angle A to the axis of the dis- 10 construction of the nozzle and renewal of its wearcharge passage 3 to receive the impact of the 10 able parts, and its effective provisions for conliquid discharged and cause it to be distributed fining the spray discharged to a predetermined over an extended angular area in a relatively flat spray area. A further object of the invention is thin stream. The angle A will be varied in acthe provision of a simple and eifective form of cordance with the desired angular distribution nozzle mount and operating mechanism thereof the spray. As shown'in Fig. 2 the spreader 15 for arranged to effect a plurality of independentplate is of approximately elliptical form when the ly regulable oscillating movements of a spray end of the discharge passage is of circular crossnozzle, especiallyoneof the type of our improved section.

' spray nozzle. With the discharge passage and spreader plate The various features of novelty which characformed and arranged as described, the stream 20 terize our invention are pointed out with particuof liquid will impact on the upper face 'of the larity in the claims annexed to and forming a spreader plate over a substantially elliptical area, part of this specification. For a better under-' and be distributed over the plate in predeterstanding of the invention, its operating advanmined pro-portions. We have found for example, that with the liquor at a suitable viscosity and tages and specific objects attained by its use, ref-,

erence should be had to the accompanying drawpressure and an angle A of approximately 48 to 25 lugs and descriptive matter in which we have il- 50, as shown, a major portion of the liquor would lustrated and described-preferred embodiments of flow over the spreader plate within an angular our invention. area of about 60 about the longitudinal axis of Of the drawings: the spreader plate, while the remaining portion 30 of the' liquor would be distributed over the remaining 300, progressively decreasing in amount Figs. 2 and 3 are plan and end views respectivewith increases in the angular distance from the .ly of the spray nozzle shown in Fig. 1; main flow area. Our improved nozzle shown is Fig 4 is a sectional elwatiorr of a chemical reespecially designed for delivering a flat spray covery furnace in which our improved spray nozover an angular area of approximately 180. For 35 zle is especially adapted for use; this purpose the spray nozzle is formed with a Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line tubular hood 1 surrounding the body of the plug 5--5 of Fig, 4; 2 and extending downwardly beyond the end of Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a spray nozzle constructed in accordance with our invention;

40 Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the spray'nozzle the nozzle 4. The lower end of the hood termimount shown in Fig. 4; 1 mates in two oppositely extending intersecting 40 Figs. 7 and 8 are plan and end views respectiveplanes 8 and 9 intersecting along a transverse line ly of the nozzle mount shown in Fig. 6; in alignment with the lower side of the discharge Fig. 9 is a somewhat diagrammatic elevation of passage 3. The side 8 contacts with and is weldone form of spray nozzle oscillating mechanism; ed to the upper surface of the spreader plate 5. 45

Fig. 10 is a side view ofthe crank disc shown With this arrangement of the hood any portion in Fig. 9; and of the liquid discharged impinging on the spread- 'Fig. 11 is an elevation of a modified form of er plate and deflected toward the rear thereof nozzle mount and oscillating mechanism. will enter the annular space between the plug As shown in Figs. 1-3 particularly, our imnozzle 4 and the hood 1, and rapidly return or be proved spray nozzle is formed with anipple l' thrown back on to the spreader platein the 0 threaded at its upper end for connection to a general direction of flow thereon; The described liquor supply pipe and connected at its lower end arrangement of the side 9 of the hood insures to a discharge pipe formed by a tubular' plug that the spray will be confined to an angular area member 2. The plug 2 is formed with a discharge of approximately The spray nozzle described is especially designed for use in a recovery process and. furnace of the character described and claimed in a pending application of George H. Tomlinson and Les' lie S. Wilcoxson, Serial No. 21,836, filed May 16, 1935, for delivering to the furnace waste liquor containing inorganic chemicals and combustible organic matter, such as the residual liquor from pulp digestors in the sulphate and soda processes of manufacturing paper pulp. Such a recovery 'furnace is illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 and, as shown, a spray nozzle H] of the character. described is positioned adjacent to the front wall l5 of the furnace and arranged to discharge a relativelyflat spray across substantially the entire horizontal cross-section of the furnace against the rear wall I6 and side walls I1 and I8 which act as arresting surfaces receiving the impact of the sprayed particles. v

The spray nozzle I is advantageously mounted so as to permit continuous predetermined oscillating movements thereof to vary the area of impact of the spray particles on the rear and side walls. A suitable mount for this purpose is illustrated in Figs. 6 to 8, and includes a horizontally arranged liquor supply pipe 20, extending through a vertically elongated port in the front furnace wall l5, and on the inner end of which the spray nozzle I0 is mounted at an angle to the pipe. The pipe 20 is rotatably mounted at its outer end in a sleeve 2| carried by a plate or'table 22 pivotally mounted for movements about a transverse horizontal axis by means of a pivot pin 23 at its inner end journaled in lugs 24 carried by adjacent furnace wall tubes. The outer end of the pipe 20 is connected to a flexible black liquor supply connection 25. With this form of mount, the spray nozzle can be oscillated in a vertical plane about the axis of the pivot pin 23 and also about the axis of the pipe 20.

With the pipe 2|] horizontal and the spreader plate also in a horizontal position, the spray would impact on the side walls I! and I8 along similar areas increasing in size and curving downwardly towards the rear wall l6, and on the rear wall along a rectangular area corresponding to the limits of the area of impact at the rear end of the side walls due to the longer distance the spray particles must travel to reach the rear wall in a furnace of theoblong cross-section illustrated. Most of the spray discharged is concentrated in a relatively small height, with a minimum of generally 'finer particles traveling at the upper and lower sides thereof. If the spray nozzle were continuously maintained in this horizontal position the impact of the spray particles on the rear and side walls along a relatively restricted area would limit the amount of material that could be treated in a furnace of the proportions illustrated without the material flowing down the walls in an excessively wet condition.

To providea more extended area of deposit on the side and rear walls while maintaining the desirable flat coarse spray and rendering the material as deposited more exposed to the furnace temperature conditions, mechanism is provided for continuously oscillating the spray nozzle vertically and about the axis of the pipe 20. As shown in Figs. 6 to 8, the outer end of the pipe 20 has secured thereon a lever arm 30, to the upper portion of which an operating chain or the like 3| is adjustably connected. As shown in Fig. 9, the chain 3| is given a horizontal oscillating movement by passing it around sheaves 32 and 33 and connecting it to a crank arm 34 mounted on a crank disc35 rotated by an electric motor 36. The opposite end of the chain 3| is passed around sheaves 31 and 38 and supports a suitable counterweight 39. of the lever arm 30 may be varied by shifting the point of connection of the chain 3| thereto to thereby change the effective radius of the lever arm. The described parts are preferably proportioned so that the spreader plate 5 will be moved about its longitudinal axis to a maximum of about 45 in each direction, so that when tilted the spray will impact at different levels on the side walls l1 and I8.

If the pipe 20 were maintained in the horizontal position and continuously oscillated about its axis, the spray would cover an area of generally butterfly form on the rear wall with an excessively wet area at the axis of the formation. To provide a more uniform distribution of the spray deposits over a greater area on the rear wall, the spray nozzle is desirably given a simultaneous oscillating movement in a vertical plane. The mechanism for this purpose consists of an arm 40 secured to the outer end of the plate 22 and having an operating chain or the like 4| adjustably connected for raising the arm and thereby the plate 22 about the pivot pin 23. As shown in Fig. 9, the chain 4| passes upwardly around sheaves 42 and 43 and is connected at its lower end to a crank arm 44 on the disc 35 and on an extension of which the crank arm 34 is formed. The desired range of movement of the arm 40 being normally less than that of the lever 30, the crank arm 44 is positioned closer to the axis of the disc 35 than the crank arm 34. With this arrangement the arm 40 will be periodically raised to the upper position indicated in Fig. 6, and returned to the lower position by gravity due to the greater weight of parts at the outer side of the pivot pin 23. The range of the vertical oscillations can be varied by shifting the point of connection of the chain 4| to the arm 40. The movements of the chains 3| and 4| are advantageously synchronized so that the spreader plate 5 will not be tilted relative to its longitudinal axis when the spray nozzle is in its extreme upper and lower positions and be progressively tilted to opposite extreme positions when the pipe 20 is horizontal. This desired synchronization is effected by connecting the chains to the common driving disc 35 and angularly spacing the crank arm 34 relative to the disc 90 in advance of the arm 44, as shown in Fig. 10. Thus with the operating parts relatively arranged as indicated in Figs. 9 and 10, the pipe 20 would be horizontal and the spreader plate tilted to its maximum position facing the side wall During one complete revolution of the crank disc 35 from this position in the direction indicated, the spray nozzle will be continuously moved first to its extreme lower position in which the spreader plate will be untilted relative to its longitudinal axis, then to the intermediate position wherein the spreader plate will. be tilted to its maximum position facing the side wall l8, then to its extreme upper position in which the spreader plate will be untilted, and finally to its original. horizontal position wherein the spreader plate is tilted toward the side wall H.

In the operation of the recovery furnace shown, the spray particles produced are of suflicientsize and at sufiicient velocity that they will not burn during their flight across the furnace in contact with the ascending stream of high temperature gases, but dried. sufliciently to be in a sticky The angle of throw condition when impacting on the furnace walls towards which they are directed. The particles tend to coalesce on the walls in the formof adhering masses of successive layers which build out into the furnace, as shown in Figs. land 5. The coalesced masses of sprayed material are in position to receive heat by radiation from the furnace bed and to contact by the ascending high temperature gases, causing the gradual evaporation of most of the remaining moisture and the distillation of some of the low temperature volatiles, whereby the deposited material assumes a porous character. stantially all of its original organic content and each portion continues to adhere to the wall on the surrounding mass until the gravity effect thereon is sufficient -to overcome the forces of adhesion or cohesion, whereupon it breaks off in lumps of various size falling into the lower section of the furnace and burning on the hearth thereon. The speed of the motor 36 and therefore the rate of movement of the spray nozzle Ill can be varied with changes in load and furnace conditions to vary the thickness of the deposited layers and the time of direct exposure to the furnace of each layer of deposited material. The spraynozzle mechanism described is thus a highly useful part of the furnace and process control mechanism. I

In Fig. 11 is illustrated a modified form of spray nozzle mount and oscillating mechanism for providing in addition to the vertical tilting and axial oscillating movements of the mechanism heretofore described, an additional oscillating movement about a vertical axis. The last mentioned movement is for the purpose of distributing any accidental streamers in the spray over a different path on the walls and thereby reducing the tendency to form wet spots. In this construction the supporting plate 22 is pivoted in a U-shaped bracket 50 carried by a vertical shaft 5|. The shaft 5| is mounted for rotary movements about its vertical axis in a bracket 52, and carries an outwardly extending horizontal lever arm 53 at its lower end. The pipe 20 is provided as heretofore-described with an oscillating lever arm 30 which is operatively connected to the crank arm 34 by a link 54. The vertical-tilting movements are effected by means of a bar 40 on the under side of the plate i2 adjustably connected to a link 55 which .is actuated through a bell crank lever 56 and a second link 51 connected to the crank arm 44. The lever 53 is oscillated by means of a link 58 adjustably connected to the lower arm of the bell crank lever 56. The various oscillating movements are preferably synchronized so that the spreader plate will be alternately in its maximum tilted positions about its longitudinal axis when the nozzle is in its horizontal intermediate position in the wall opening, and the nozzle pointing toward the side wall I 8 with the spreader plate untilted relative to its longitudinal axis when in its uppermost position, and pointing slightly toward the side wall I! with the sprayer plate untilted relative to its The material contains subof the invention covered by our claims, and that certain features of our invention may sometimes be used to advantage without a corresponding use of other features.

We claim: 1. A spray nozzle comprising a central dis- .charge pipe having a discharge passage of circular cross-section, a spreader plate spaced from the discharge end of said-discharge passage and having a flat surface arranged in the path of discharge of and at an oblique angle to the axis of said discharge passage, and a circular hood surrounding "and projecting beyond the discharge end of said discharge pipe, the projecting end of said hood being in contact with and welded to said spreader plate along a substantial portion of its circumference, a portion of said spreader plate extending beyond said hood and being of substantially elliptical form.

2. In combination, a spray nozzle comprising a discharge pipe and a spreader plate spaced from the discharge end of said discharge pipe and arranged in the path of discharge of and at an angle to the axis of said discharge pipe, and means arranged to simultaneously oscillate said spray nozzle about a vertical axis, a transverse horizontal axis and a longitudinal axis.

3. In combination, a spray nozzle comprising a discharge pipe and a spreader plate arranged in spaced relation in the path of discharge from said spray nozzle about a vertical axis, a transverse horizontal axis and a longitudinal axis,

said means having adjustments to permit independent regulation of the amplitude "of each of said oscillations.

4. In combination, a spray nozzle comprising an inclined discharge pipe, at spreader plate spaced from the lower end of said discharge pipe and arranged in the path of discharge of and at an acute angle to the axis of said discharge pipe, and a circular hood surrounding and projecting beyond the lower end of said discharge pipe, the lower end of said hood being in contact with and connected to said spreader plate along a portion of its circumference, and means arranged to simultaneously oscillate said spray nozzle and spreader plate about a transverse horizontal axis and about a longitudinal axis.

5; In combination, a spray nozzle comprising an inclined discharge pipe, a spreader plate spaced from the lower end of said discharge pipe-and having a flat upper surface arranged in the path of discharge of and at an acute angle to the axis of said discharge pipe, and a circular hood surrounding and projecting beyond the lower end of said discharge pipe, one circumferential portion of the lower end of said hood being in contact with and welded to said spreader plate with the remaining circumferential portion in a transverse plane intersecting said spreader plate ad tion of said supply pipe about its longitudinal axis,

means for pivotally supporting said sleeve means for tilting movements about a transverse horizontal axis, an electric motor, and means operatively connecting said motor to said sleeve means and supply pipe and arranged to synchronously oscillate said sleeve means about said transverse horizontal axis and said supply pipe about its longitudinal axis.

7. In combination, a liquid supply pipe having spray means at its discharge end producing a substantially horizontal fiat spray laterally ofiset from the longitudinal axis of saidsupply pipe, sleeve means supporting said supply pipe and per- ,mitting oscillation of said supply pipe about its longitudinal axis, means for pivotally supporting said sleeve means for tilting movements about a transverse horizontal axis, a continuously rotating electric motor, and means operatively connecting said motor independently to'said sleeve means and supply pipe and arranged to continuously and synchronously oscillate said sleeve means about said transverse horizontal axis and said supply pipe about its longitudinal axis.

8. In combination, a liquid supply pipe having spray means at its discharge end producing a substantially fiat spray in a plane inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of said supply pipe, means arranged to oscillate said supply pipe about a transverse horizontal axis, means arranged to oscillate said supply pipe about its longitudinal axis, said oscillating means being synchronized to provide a spray discharge in a plane parallel to said horizontal axis in the extreme upper and lower positions of said spray means and in oppositely inclined planes at the limits of the oscillations of said supply pipe aboutits longitudinal axis.

9. In combination, a liquid supply pipe having spray means at its discharge end producing a substantially flat spray in a plane inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of said supply pipe, sleeve means supporting said supply pipe and permitting oscillation of said supply pipe about its longitudinal axis, means for pivotally supporting said sleeve means for tilting movements about a transverse horizontal axis, an electric motor, means operatively connecting said motor to said sleeve means and arranged to oscillate said sleeve means about said transverse horizontal axis, means operatively connecting said motor to said supply pipe and arranged to oscillate said supply pipe about its longitudinal axis, said connecting means being synchronized relative to said motor to provide a spray discharge in a plane parallel to said horizontal axis in the extreme upper and lower positions of said spray means and in oppositely inclined planes at the limits of the oscillations of said supply pipe'about its longitudinal axis.

10. A spray nozzle comprising a discharge pipe having a restricted spray orifice of circular cross-.

section at its discharge end, a spreader plate spaced from and of substantially greater width than the discharge end of said discharge pipe and arranged in the path of discharge of and at an oblique angle to the axis of said discharge pipe, and a hood rigidly mounted on said discharge pipe completely surrounding in spaced relation with and projecting beyond the discharge end of said discharge pipe, the projecting end of said hood being in contact with and integrally connected to said spreader plate along a substantial portion of its periphery.

11. A spray nozzle comprising a discharge pipe having a restricted spray orifice of circular crosssection at its discharge end, a spreader plate spaced from the discharge end of said discharge pipe and arranged in the path of discharge of and at an oblique angle to the axis of said discharge pipe, and a circular hood rigidly mounted on said discharge pipe surrounding and projecting beyond the discharge end of said 'discharge pipe, one circumferential portion of substantial extent of the projecting end of said hood being in contact with and integrally connected to said spreader plate with the remaining portion arranged in a difierent plane intersecting said spreader plate and out of the main path of the spray impinging on said spreader plate.

12. A spray nozzle comprising an inclined discharge pipe having a restricted spray orifice of circular cross-section at its discharge end, a spreader plate spaced from the lower end of said discharge pipe and arranged in the path of discharge of and at an acute angle to the axis of said discharge pipe, and a circular hood surrounding in spaced relation with and. projecting beyond the lower end of said discharge pipe, one

circumferential portion of-the lowerend of said hood being in contact with and connected to said spreader plate with the remaining circumferential portion in a different plane intersecting said spreader plate at a substantial angle adjacent the point of intersection of the axis of said discharge pipe.

13. In combination, a spray nozzle comprising a discharge pipe having a restricted spray orifice of circular cross-section at its discharge end and a substantially flat spreader plate spaced from the discharge end of said discharge pipe and arranged in the path of discharge of and at'an acute angle to the axis of said discharge pipe so as to produce a substantially flat spray, and means arranged to continuously oscillate said spreader plate about the longitudinal axis of said discharge pipe.

14. In combination, a spray nozzle comprising a discharge pipe having a restricted spray orifice at its discharge end and a spreader platespaced from the discharge end of said discharge pipe and arranged in the path of discharge of and at an angle tothe axis of said discharge pipe so as to produce a substantially fiat spray, and means arranged to continuously oscillate said spray nozzle and spreader plate about a vertical axis.

15. In combination, a spray nozzle comprising a discharge pipe and a spreader plate spaced from .the discharge end of said discharge pipe and .of said dischargep'ipe and arranged in the path of spray discharge 'at an angle to the axis of said discharge pipe so as to produce a substantially fiat spray, and meansarranged to con tinuously bodily move said spray nozzle in oscillations about a transverse horizontal axis and a laterally offset longitudinal axis.

LESLIE S. WILCOXSON. FREDERIC G. ELY.

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